| seasonal population dynamics of neoechinorhynchus qinghaiensis in the carp, gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii, from qinghai lake, china. | studies on the seasonal population dynamics of neoechinorhynchus qinghaiensis (acanthocephala: neoechinorhynchidae) in its fish host gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii in the qinghai lake, china, were carried out with samples taken in may 1991, august 1992, november 1992 and february 1993. prevalences were higher than 44% in all seasons. the mean intensity of infection was above 124 worms per fish. the maximum intensity of worms recovered from a single fish was 1402 in the autumn of 1992. diffe ... | 2001 | 11316478 |
| unusual physiology of scale-less carp, gymnocypris przewalskii, in lake qinghai: a high altitude alkaline saline lake. | the scale-less carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) inhabits lake qinghai located on the qinghai-tibet plateau (elevation, 3200 m) in western china. the lake waters are alkaline (ph 9.4, titratable alkalinity=30 mmol l(-1)), mg(2+)-rich (18.7 mmol l(-1)), ca(2+)-poor (0.30 mmol l(-1)) and saline (9 per thousand ). these fish make annual spawning migrations into freshwater rivers. we investigated the physiology of nitrogen excretion and ionoregulation of fish from the lake and river. fish from both wat ... | 2003 | 12547271 |
| [the significance of mitochondria control region (d-loop) in intraspecific genetic differentiation of fish]. | mtdna has been widely used as a molecular marker to investigate the phylogenesis of many species. d-loop has important value for investigating intraspecific genetic differentiation because of its high mutation accumulation. fish is the most primitive vertebrate, but by far is the most dominant in number. the distribution of fish is broad and its origin is very complicated, has always been a very interesting subject for investigation. d-loop has many important implications for investigating the i ... | 2006 | 16551607 |
| mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variation and phylogenetics of the highly specialized schizothoracine fishes (teleostei: cyprinidae) in the qinghai-tibet plateau. | the complete 1140 bp mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences were obtained from 39 individuals representing five species of all four genera of highly specialized schizothoracine fishes distributed in the qinghai-tibet plateau. sequence variation of the cytochrome b gene was surveyed among the 39 individuals as well as three primitive schizothoracines and one outgroup. phylogenetic analysis suggested that the group assignment based on 1140 bp of the cytochrome b sequence is obviously different from ... | 2006 | 16941235 |
| przewalski's naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii): an endangered species taking a metabolic holiday in lake qinghai, china. | the naked carp is an endangered cyprinid that migrates annually between freshwater rivers, where it spawns, and lake qinghai, where it feeds and grows. lake qinghai is a high-altitude lake (3,200 m) in western china that currently exhibits the following composition (in mmol l(-1): [na(+)] 200, [cl(-)] 173, [mg(2+)] 36, [ca(2+)] 0.23, [k(+)] 5.3, total co(2) 21, titration alkalinity 29; osmolality 375 mosm kg(-1); ph 9.3), but concentrations are increasing because of water diversion and climate c ... | 2007 | 17160880 |
| evolution and regulation of the downstream gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) from lake qinghai, china. | the naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) is a native teleost of lake qinghai (altitude, 3.2 km) on the qinghai-tibet plateau in china. hypoxia-inducible factor (hif)-1alpha of gymnocypris przewalskii was cloned and a phylogenetic tree for vertebrate hif-1alpha was constructed. by analysis of maximum likelihood models of codon substitutions for hif-1alpha, three positive sites in the branch lineages of crucian carp, eelpout, and flounder, and a higher proportion of neutral sites in naked carp, an ... | 2008 | 18941827 |
| growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor of naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) in lake qinghai: expression in different water environments. | here, we report the cloning and characterization of growth hormone (gh), insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) and igf-ii from naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii), a native teleost fish of lake qinghai in the qinghai-tibet plateau of china. the gh of naked carp encodes for a predicted amino acid sequence showing identities of 63%, 63%, 91% and 94% with cherry salmon, rainbow trout, zebrafish and grass carp, respectively. compared to common carp and goldfish, evolutionary analysis showed that gen ... | 2009 | 19233187 |
| the microrna repertoire of tibetan naked carp gymnocypris przewalskii: a case study in schizothoracinae fish on the tibetan plateau. | tibetan naked carp gymnocypris przewalskii is an ideal model system to study highland adaptation of fish, because it evolved specific genetic and phenotypic characteristics to adapt to chronic cold and alkaline environments in lake qinghai. micrornas (mirnas) are small noncoding rnas that regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally in a wide range of biological processes. in this study, we focus on the role of mirnas in adaptation of g. przewalskii to extreme conditions in lake qinghai. we ... | 2017 | 28358922 |
| gymnocypris przewalskii decreases cytosolic carbonic anhydrase expression to compensate for respiratory alkalosis and osmoregulation in the saline-alkaline lake qinghai. | naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii), endemic to the saline-alkaline lake qinghai, have the capacity to tolerate combined high salinity and alkalinity, but migrate to spawn in freshwater rivers each year. in this study, the full-length cdna of the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase c isoform of g. przewalskii (gpcac) was amplified and sequenced; mrna levels and enzyme activity of gpcac and blood chemistry were evaluated to understand the compensatory responses as the naked carp returned to the saline- ... | 2016 | 26475604 |
| local adaptation of gymnocypris przewalskii (cyprinidae) on the tibetan plateau. | divergent selection among environments affects species distributions and can lead to speciation. in this article, we investigated the transcriptomes of two ecotypes of scaleless carp (gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii and g. p. ganzihonensis) from the tibetan plateau. we used a transcriptome sequencing approach to screen approximately 250,000 expressed sequence tags (ests) from the gill and kidney tissues of twelve individuals from the ganzi river and lake qinghai to understand how this freshw ... | 2015 | 25944748 |
| cloning and characterization of two subunits of calcineurin cdna in naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) from lake qinghai, china. | the naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii), a native teleost, plays an important role in maintenance of the ecological balance in the system of lake qinghai (altitude, 3.2 km) on the qinghai-tibet plateau in china. calcineurin (cn) is the only member of the serine/threonine phosphatase family that can be activated by both ca2+ and calmodulin (cam) and involved in many important physiological processes such as salt tolerance/adaption. in this report, cdnas of cn catalytic subunit paralogue isoforms ... | 2014 | 25308739 |
| transcriptomic profiling of tibetan highland fish (gymnocypris przewalskii) in response to the infection of parasite ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | gymnocypris przewalskii is a native cyprinid in the lake qinghai of the qinghai-tibetan plateau. g. przewalskii is highly susceptible to the infection of a parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, in the artificial propagation and breeding. to better understand the host immune reaction to i. multifiliis infection, we characterize the gene expression profiles in the spleen of healthy and i. multifiliis infected g. przewalskii by rna-seq. totally, the transcriptomic analysis produces 463,031,110 hi ... | 2017 | 28882799 |
| genome-wide identification of genes probably relevant to the adaptation of schizothoracins (teleostei: cypriniformes) to the uplift of the qinghai-tibet plateau. | molecular adaptation to the severe environments present during the uplift of the qinghai-tibet plateau has attracted the attention of researchers. the divergence of the three specialization groups of schizothoracins (primitive, specialized and highly specialized) may correspond to the three phases of plateau uplift. based on the transcripts of representative species of the three specialized groups and an outgroup, genes in schizothoracins that may have played important roles during the adaptatio ... | 2017 | 28427344 |
| characterization of two paralogous myostatin genes and evidence for positive selection in tibet fish: gymnocypris przewalskii. | myostatin (mstn) is an important member of tgf-β superfamily, a muscle growth inhibitor. though mstn has been identified in many organisms, little is known about this gene in highland fish, gymnocypris przewalskii endemic to the qinghai-tibetan plateau. in this study, we first cloned two paralogous mstn genes (mstn1 and mstn2) from g. przewalskii through homologue cloning. the 3d structures of both mstn proteins varied in the numbers of β-sheets and conformations of α-helices. the branch-site mo ... | 2015 | 25861868 |