| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: swine influenza virus (hsw1n1) in herds not infected with lungworms. | to obtain more information on mechanisms by which influenza virus is perpetuated in swine, retrospective and prospective seroepizootiologic observations were made in swine herds in hawaii, beginning in 1974. an epizootic of swine influenza (hsw1n1) virus was observed in november and december 1976, involving 31 of 41 herds. features of the epizootic included (1) infection of all herds within one geographic location, during a short period; (2) no obvious introduction of virus from the outside in m ... | 1979 | 525918 |
| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: prevalence of infection with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype virus and its variants, 1974-1977. | from september 1974 to january 1978, about 25% of 254 swine farms, studied on four of six hawaiian islands, had swine with antibody to a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype of influenza virus. of 290 swine 2 to 5 years of age in a single herd, 72% had antibody. antibody titers were consistently higher to a/england/42/72 and a/port chalmers/1/73 antigens than to a/victoria/3/75 or a/hong kong/1/68 antigen. few swine had antibody to the a/hong kong/68 antigen. antibodies to h3n2 and hsw1n1 subtype of viru ... | 1979 | 525919 |
| the levamisole story. | | 1976 | 827785 |
| an epidemic of trichinosis after ingestion of wild pig in hawaii. | forty-five percent of young adults who ate roast wild pig at a barbecue in hawaii experienced an illness compatible with trichinosis. eosinophilia was present in all of those who were ill and in none who remained well. there were no positive results in skin tests with commercial skin-test antigen. latex agglutination and counterelectrophoresis were equally good methods for the diagnosis of trichinosis and were more sensitive than the bentonite flocculation test. levels of ige in those with illn ... | 1976 | 944219 |
| deit as an etiological factor in the development of cancers of the colon and rectum. | | 1975 | 1089677 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spiralis in 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii. | serum samples from 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the agglutination test in dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500 and for trichinella spiralis using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in 48.5% of pigs. antibody titers were: 5.1% positive at 1:25 dilution, 28.6% positive at 1:50 dilution and 14.7% positive at 1:500 dilution. the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in garbage-fed pigs (6 ... | 1992 | 1496803 |
| causitive toxin(s) in the death of two atlantic dolphins. | following the death of two atlantic dolphins in a lagoon in march of 1989, the hawaiian fishes in the lagoon were examined as a potential source of toxin(s). this study reports the findings of the causitive toxin(s) involved, utilizing the stick enzyme immunoassay (s-eia) and the mouse and guinea pig atrium assays. the s-eia proved effective in screening the toxic fishes (mullet, wrasse, manini, and aholehole). following extraction, the major toxin was found in the viscera of these fishes, as co ... | 1990 | 2178186 |
| helminth parasites of intermingling axis deer, wild swine and domestic cattle from the island of molokai, hawaii. | helminth infections of axis deer (cervus axis), wild swine (sus scrofa) and domestic cattle (bos taurus) were studied among intermingling herds on the puu-o-hoku ranch, molokai, hawaii. twenty-four species of helminths were collected from the 10 deer, 10 swine and 10 cattle. capillaria bovis, cooperia punctata, haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus axei infected both axis deer and cattle, whereas gongylonema pulchrum infected both axis deer and wild swine. none of the species of helminths oc ... | 1989 | 2716106 |
| environmental and sanitary conditions after a cyclone in tonga. | | 1986 | 2879667 |
| trichinosis--hawaii. | | 1987 | 3100923 |
| trichinosis following ingestion of wild pig in hawaii: a case report. | | 1988 | 3170179 |
| arthropod succession in exposed carrion in a tropical rainforest on o'ahu island, hawai'i. | | 1987 | 3585928 |
| leads from the mmwr. trichinosis--hawaii. | | 1987 | 3806870 |
| a serological survey of sera from domestic animals on easter island. | animals' sera collected on easter island from december 1964 to february 1965 were tested by appropriate methods for the presence of antibodies to various infections. these included, ornithosis, q-fever, brucellosis, johne's disease, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and vesicular stomatitis viruses. it appeared that the cattle and sheep were exposed to the ornithosis group of agents. the sheep were also exposed to toxoplasmosis. the low-grade reactions observed on the cattle sera with the leptospira ... | 1968 | 4233830 |
| serologic studies of swine influenza in hawaii. | | 1972 | 5053899 |
| inhibitors of western and venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses in cattle sera from hawaii. | | 1972 | 5061277 |
| epidemiologic aspects of salmonellosis in hawaii. | | 1972 | 5066496 |
| isolation of virulent paracolobactrum aerogenoides microorganisms from a rat. | | 1971 | 5160224 |
| virus of the 1918 influenza pandemic. | | 1970 | 5415113 |
| blood-feeding habits of four species of mosquito found in hawaii. | | 1970 | 5443081 |
| asymptomatic salmonellosis in a swine herd. | | 1970 | 5530420 |
| swine salmonellosis in a hawaiian piggery. | | 1969 | 5813493 |
| evidence for the extinction of plague in hawaii. | plague (infection by yersinia pestis) was present in hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. the first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus, on ships from the orient. both species were already established in hawaii and became the widespread local carriers of plague, supplemented by rattus exulans which had colonized the islands in ancient polynesian times. the flea xenopsylla vexabilis arrived with r. exulans, and ... | 1984 | 6364800 |
| taxonomic studies on some atypical strains of brucella suis. | | 1984 | 6365239 |
| an epidemic of kawasaki syndrome in hawaii. | a community-wide outbreaks of kawasaki syndrome, apparently the first in the united states, occurred in hawaii in the first half of 1978. twenty-seven of the 33 cases were subjected to intensive epidemiologic and microbiologic study. patients with kawasaki syndrome, compared to the general population, more often had japanese ancestry, high-income status, and possibly a history of respiratory infection in the preceding month (44%). staphylococcus aureus was not found in high frequency in the pati ... | 1982 | 7062202 |
| fattening of large white, local samoan and crossbred pigs. | large white, local samoan and large white x local samoan crossbred pigs were fattened under 3 different systems of management. under the first, simulating village conditions, pigs were fenced in a grass paddock and fed copra and scraps. the crossbreds grew significantly faster than large white and local samoan pigs. in the second system where a 30% crude protein supplement was fed in addition to feedstuffs from village resources there were no significant differences in production characteristics ... | 1982 | 7157482 |
| brucellosis in wild swine: a serologic and bacteriologic survey in the southeastern united states and hawaii. | sera from wild swine from 20 populations in 11 southeastern states and hawaii were tested for brucellosis by the card, tube, plate, buffered plate antigen, complement-fixation, and rivanol tests. twenty-one of 352 (6.0%) swine were considered seropositive, and these animals originated from 7 populations in 5 states: arkansas, florida, georgia, louisiana, and south carolina. cultural examinations for brucella suis also were made from subsamples of the swine tested serologically. brucella suis bio ... | 1982 | 7174444 |
| ross river virus (togaviridae: alphavirus) infection (epidemic polyarthritis) in american samoa. | an outbreak of ross river virus infection (epidemic polyarthritis), which occurred in american samoa between august 1979 and january 1980, is described. on the basis of a serological survey performed near the end of the epidemic, it is estimated that at least 13,500 people were infected. ross river virus was isolated from the blood of a single polyarthritis patient. plaque reduction neutralization tests, using this virus strain, were done on 393 human and 143 animal sera collected on tutuila isl ... | 1981 | 7324110 |
| epidemic polyarthritis (ross river) virus infection in the cook islands. | an epidemic of ross river virus infection occurred in the cook islands early in 1980 and affected the majority of the inhabitants of rarotonga, the most populated island in the group. this represents the easternmost extension of the virus which, until 1979, was believed limited to australia, new guinea, and the solomon islands. the clinical manifestations of ross river disease, predominantly polyarthritis, did not differ significantly from those observed previously in australia. however, unlike ... | 1981 | 7325286 |
| characterization of marine toxin(s) in myripristis sp. by immunological, mouse toxicity, and guinea pig assays. | myripritis sp. (squirrelfish) has been assessed for toxicity by 1) the stick-enzyme immunoassay (s-eia); 2) mouse toxicity bioassay; and 3) guinea pig atrial assay. analysis of myripristis flesh with mab-ctx and mab-oa showed that with every fish examined, the reaction with mab-oa was considerably higher. the mean s-eia value for mab-oa was 2.9 +/- 0.8 while the mean for mab-ctx was 1.7 +/- 0.5. the data strongly suggests that myripristis sp. appear to contain okadaic acid-like toxins and/or mix ... | 1993 | 8426272 |
| a survey of ciguatera: assessment of puako, hawaii, associated with ciguatera toxin epidemics in humans. | a survey for the assessment of the ciguatera problem has been determined in puako, south kohala, on the island of hawaii. this is in the area of persistent ciguateric outbreaks during the months of january through march, caused by a specific species of fish (cheilinus rhodochrous, red rose wrasse, or po'ou). analyses of algae, gambierdiscus toxicus, and various species of fish, including herbivores and carnivores, gave positive indications of puako as a potential ciguateric area. algae associate ... | 1993 | 8509944 |
| late holocene human-induced modifications to a central polynesian island ecosystem. | a 7000-year-long sequence of environmental change during the holocene has been reconstructed for a central pacific island (mangaia, cook islands). the research design used geomorphological and palynological methods to reconstruct vegetation history, fire regime, and erosion and depositional rates, whereas archaeological methods were used to determine prehistoric polynesian land use and resource exploitation. certain mid-holocene environmental changes are putatively linked with natural phenomena ... | 1996 | 8643569 |
| risk factors for lower urinary tract cancer: the role of total fluid consumption, nitrites and nitrosamines, and selected foods. | many cases of lower urinary tract cancer cannot be attributed to the known risk factors of cigarette smoking and certain occupational chemical exposures. data from a case-control study conducted on oahu, hawaii, from 1979 to 1986 were used to determine the role of several additional exposures in the etiology of lower urinary tract cancer, such as total fluid intake and dietary nitrites and nitrosamines, as well as intake of selected foods. a total of 195 male and 66 female lower urinary tract ca ... | 1996 | 8833615 |
| arthropod succession on exposed carrion in three contrasting tropical habitats on hawaii island, hawaii. | decomposition studies were conducted using domestic pig carcasses to determine arthropod succession patterns on exposed carrion for the island of hawaii. the carcasses were placed in upland forest and woodland (1,877 m), rainforest (1,169 m) and midelevation woodlands (646 m) habitats. marked differences in species composition, rates of biomass removal, and succession patterns were observed between these 3 sites. these results also differed from patterns observed during previous decomposition st ... | 1997 | 9151499 |
| thespesia populnea dermatitis. | the allergenic properties of milo wood have not been known before now. | 1997 | 9358115 |
| arthropod succession patterns onto burnt carrion in two contrasting habitats in the hawaiian islands. | decomposition studies were conducted using carcasses of domestic pigs, sus scrofa l., one burned and the other unburned (the control) to determine effects of burning on arthropod succession patterns. the burnt carcass corresponded to a cgs level #2 burn victim. the studies were conducted in two contrasting habitats, both on the island of oahu. the first was conducted in a xerophytic habitat from 1 sept. 1995 through 1 oct. 1995 while the second was conducted in a rainforest habitat from 29 april ... | 1998 | 9608693 |
| [tentative discrimination of adult female simulids (diptera: simuliidae) in nuku-hiva (marquesas archipelago, french polynesia)]. | simulium sechani craig & fossati, 1995 was recently found for the first time in a part of nuku-hiva island. this species coexists with simulim buissoni roubaud 1906, the dominant species, and always regarded as the main biting fly on the island. the problem is that optimisation of control operations needs a good knowledge of targets. the unknown female of s. sechani is the reason of this study. this study used samples collected before the description of s. sechani to try to correlate its geograp ... | 2000 | 11147037 |
| rapid prehistoric extinction of iguanas and birds in polynesia. | the tongoleleka archaeological site on lifuka island, kingdom of tonga, is a rich accumulation of pottery, marine mollusks, and nonhuman bones that represents first human contact on a small island in remote oceania approximately 2,850 years ago. the lower strata contain decorated lapita-style pottery and bones of an extinct iguana (brachylophus undescribed sp.) and numerous species of extinct birds. the upper strata instead feature polynesian plainware pottery and bones of extant species of vert ... | 2002 | 11904427 |
| controversy surrounds proposed xenotransplant trial. | | 2002 | 11918919 |
| meat consumption, cancer risk and population groups within new zealand. | in comparison with other oecd countries with good cancer registries, new zealand has the highest mortality rate of colon cancer, second highest of breast cancer and third highest of prostate cancer. a possible association with heterocyclic amine consumption has been suggested for each of these cancers. studies of locally cooked meat suggest that the main contributors to heterocyclic amines in the new zealand diet would be well-cooked beef, chicken and pork. well-cooked beef steak, and the specif ... | 2002 | 12351161 |
| frequency of rubella antibody among pregnant women and other human and animal populations. a report from the collaborative study of cerebral palsy. | | 1964 | 14117317 |
| porcine enteroviruses: distribution of neutralizing antibodies to e1 and e4 strains in serums of swine from states. | | 1964 | 14141498 |
| predators and prey in the channel islands. | | 2004 | 15300924 |
| what can decision analysis do for invasive species management? | decisions about management of invasive species are difficult for all the reasons typically addressed by multiattribute decision analysis: uncertain outcomes, multiple and conflicting objectives, and many interested parties with differing views on both facts and values. this article illustrates how the tools of multiattribute analysis can improve management of invasive species, with an emphasis on making explicit the social values and preferences that must inform invasive species management. risk ... | 2004 | 15357805 |
| prevalence and distribution of pox-like lesions, avian malaria, and mosquito vectors in kipahulu valley, haleakala national park, hawai'i, usa. | we determined prevalence and altitudinal distribution of introduced avian malarial infections (plasmodium relictum) and pox-like lesions (avipoxvirus) in forest birds from kipahulu valley, haleakalā national park, on the island of maui, and we identified primary larval habitat for the mosquito vector of this disease. this intensively managed wilderness area and scientific reserve is one of the most pristine areas of native forest remaining in the state of hawai'i, and it will become increasingly ... | 2007 | 17984251 |
| streptococcus suis meningitis, hawaii. | | 2009 | 19961708 |
| truth in teaching: casting artificial pearls before real swine. | | 2010 | 20397510 |
| swimmer risk of gastrointestinal illness from exposure to tropical coastal waters impacted by terrestrial dry-weather runoff. | this study used molecular methods to measure concentrations of four enteric viruses (adenovirus, enterovirus, norovirus gi, and norovirus gii) and fecal source tracking markers (human, ruminant, and pig bacteroidales) in land-based runoff from 22 tropical streams on o'ahu, hawai'i. each stream was sampled twice in the morning and afternoon during dry weather. viruses and human bacteroidales were widespread in the streams. watershed septic tank densities were positively associated with higher occ ... | 2011 | 21780808 |
| epidemiological and clinical aspects of human brucella suis infection in polynesia. | summaryhigh brucellosis seroprevalence rates in domestic swine herds have been reported in wallis and futuna islands and are associated with a significant burden of human infection by brucella suis, a species that is rarely incriminated in human disease. between 2003 and 2010, seven patients had a positive blood culture for b. suis biovar 1, 11 symptomatic patients had a positive rose bengal test (rbt) and a positive serum agglutination test (sat) and three asymptomatic cases were found to be po ... | 2011 | 21733252 |
| quantitative pcr-based detection of pathogenic leptospira in hawai'ian coastal streams. | pathogenic leptospira, the causative agents of leptospirosis, are mainly associated with tropical freshwaters, but little is known about their fate in the environment. this study analyzed the distribution of pathogenic leptospira genomes in 22 tropical coastal streams using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr). statistical analyses were conducted to understand pathogenic leptospira associations with water quality parameters, land use, microbial source tracking (mst) markers, and fecal i ... | 2011 | 22048423 |