| evaluation of tadpole mouthpart depigmentation as a diagnostic test for infection by batrachochytrium dendrobatidis for four california anurans. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of gross morphologic examination of larval mouthpart defects as a diagnostic screening test to detect batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in four california, usa, anuran species. we examined mouthparts of 2,034 tadpoles of bufo boreas, pseudacris regilla, and rana catesbeiana collected in 2003 and 2004 and bufo canorus collected in 2004. data were recorded for three morphologic features: upper toothrows, lower toothrows, and combined j ... | 2007 | 17984265 |
| the amphibian skin-associated microbiome across species, space and life history stages. | skin-associated bacteria of amphibians are increasingly recognized for their role in defence against pathogens, yet we have little understanding of their basic ecology. here, we use high-throughput 16s rrna gene sequencing to examine the host and environmental influences on the skin microbiota of the cohabiting amphibian species anaxyrus boreas, pseudacris regilla, taricha torosa and lithobates catesbeianus from the central valley in california. we also studied populations of rana cascadae over ... | 2014 | 24171949 |
| pesticides are involved with population declines of amphibians in the california sierra nevadas. | several species of frogs and toads are in serious decline in the sierra nevada mountains of california. these species include the threatened red-legged frog ( rana aurora ), foothill yellow-legged frog ( r. boylii ), mountain yellow-legged frog ( r. muscosa ), cascades frog ( rana cascadae ), western toad ( bufo boreas ) and yosemite toad ( b. canorus ). for many of these species current distributions are down to 10% of historical ranges. several factors including introduced predators, habitat l ... | 2001 | 12805670 |
| the genetics of amphibian declines: population substructure and molecular differentiation in the yosemite toad, bufo canorus (anura, bufonidae) based on single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (sscp) and mitochondrial dna sequence data. | we present a comprehensive survey of genetic variation across the range of the narrowly distributed endemic yosemite toad bufo canorus, a declining amphibian restricted to the sierra nevada of california. based on 322 bp of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence data, we found limited support for the monophyly of b. canorus and its closely related congener b. exsul to the exclusion of the widespread western toad b. boreas. however, b. exsul was always phylogenetically nested within b. canorus, sugg ... | 2000 | 10736023 |
| citizen scientists monitor a deadly fungus threatening amphibian communities in northern coastal california, usa. | ecoclub youth and supervising family members conducted citizen science to assess regional prevalence and distribution of batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd) among amphibians at humboldt bay national wildlife refuge (refuge) and redwood national and state parks (parks), humboldt county, california, us, may 2013 through december 2014. using quantitative real-time pcr, 26 (17%) of 155 samples were positive for bd. positive samples occurred in four frog and toad species: foothill yellow-legged frog ... | 2016 | 27195681 |