| trichinosis--hawaii. | | 1987 | 3100923 |
| trichinosis surveillance, united states, 1986. | trichinella spiralis is a parasite of carnivorous animals that causes the disease trichinosis. in the united states, people become infected by eating poorly cooked pork products or wild animal meat that is infected with the parasite. although fewer than 100 cases per year are reported to cdc, trichinosis continues to persist as a public health problem in this country. public health officials believe that the reported cases represent only a fraction of the total number of cases, since many of the ... | 1988 | 3148105 |
| serologic studies of swine influenza in hawaii. | | 1972 | 5053899 |
| inhibitors of western and venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses in cattle sera from hawaii. | | 1972 | 5061277 |
| brucellosis in wild swine: a serologic and bacteriologic survey in the southeastern united states and hawaii. | sera from wild swine from 20 populations in 11 southeastern states and hawaii were tested for brucellosis by the card, tube, plate, buffered plate antigen, complement-fixation, and rivanol tests. twenty-one of 352 (6.0%) swine were considered seropositive, and these animals originated from 7 populations in 5 states: arkansas, florida, georgia, louisiana, and south carolina. cultural examinations for brucella suis also were made from subsamples of the swine tested serologically. brucella suis bio ... | 1982 | 7174444 |
| risk factors for lower urinary tract cancer: the role of total fluid consumption, nitrites and nitrosamines, and selected foods. | many cases of lower urinary tract cancer cannot be attributed to the known risk factors of cigarette smoking and certain occupational chemical exposures. data from a case-control study conducted on oahu, hawaii, from 1979 to 1986 were used to determine the role of several additional exposures in the etiology of lower urinary tract cancer, such as total fluid intake and dietary nitrites and nitrosamines, as well as intake of selected foods. a total of 195 male and 66 female lower urinary tract ca ... | 1996 | 8833615 |
| evidence for widespread infection of wild rats with hepatitis e virus in the united states. | hepatitis e is an important medical pathogen in many developing countries but is rarely reported from the united states, although antibody to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) is found in > 1% of u.s. citizens. zoonotic spread of the virus is suspected. sera obtained from 239 wild rats trapped in widely separated regions of the united states were tested for anti-hev. seventy-seven percent of rats from maryland, 90% from hawaii, and 44% from louisiana were seropositive for anti-hev. rats from urban as ... | 1999 | 10463689 |
| frequency of rubella antibody among pregnant women and other human and animal populations. a report from the collaborative study of cerebral palsy. | | 1964 | 14117317 |
| porcine enteroviruses: distribution of neutralizing antibodies to e1 and e4 strains in serums of swine from states. | | 1964 | 14141498 |
| arthropod succession patterns onto burnt carrion in two contrasting habitats in the hawaiian islands. | decomposition studies were conducted using carcasses of domestic pigs, sus scrofa l., one burned and the other unburned (the control) to determine effects of burning on arthropod succession patterns. the burnt carcass corresponded to a cgs level #2 burn victim. the studies were conducted in two contrasting habitats, both on the island of oahu. the first was conducted in a xerophytic habitat from 1 sept. 1995 through 1 oct. 1995 while the second was conducted in a rainforest habitat from 29 april ... | 1998 | 9608693 |
| thespesia populnea dermatitis. | the allergenic properties of milo wood have not been known before now. | 1997 | 9358115 |
| arthropod succession on exposed carrion in three contrasting tropical habitats on hawaii island, hawaii. | decomposition studies were conducted using domestic pig carcasses to determine arthropod succession patterns on exposed carrion for the island of hawaii. the carcasses were placed in upland forest and woodland (1,877 m), rainforest (1,169 m) and midelevation woodlands (646 m) habitats. marked differences in species composition, rates of biomass removal, and succession patterns were observed between these 3 sites. these results also differed from patterns observed during previous decomposition st ... | 1997 | 9151499 |
| a survey of ciguatera: assessment of puako, hawaii, associated with ciguatera toxin epidemics in humans. | a survey for the assessment of the ciguatera problem has been determined in puako, south kohala, on the island of hawaii. this is in the area of persistent ciguateric outbreaks during the months of january through march, caused by a specific species of fish (cheilinus rhodochrous, red rose wrasse, or po'ou). analyses of algae, gambierdiscus toxicus, and various species of fish, including herbivores and carnivores, gave positive indications of puako as a potential ciguateric area. algae associate ... | 1993 | 8509944 |
| streptococcus suis meningitis, hawaii. | | 2009 | 19961708 |
| truth in teaching: casting artificial pearls before real swine. | | 2010 | 20397510 |
| characterization of marine toxin(s) in myripristis sp. by immunological, mouse toxicity, and guinea pig assays. | myripritis sp. (squirrelfish) has been assessed for toxicity by 1) the stick-enzyme immunoassay (s-eia); 2) mouse toxicity bioassay; and 3) guinea pig atrial assay. analysis of myripristis flesh with mab-ctx and mab-oa showed that with every fish examined, the reaction with mab-oa was considerably higher. the mean s-eia value for mab-oa was 2.9 +/- 0.8 while the mean for mab-ctx was 1.7 +/- 0.5. the data strongly suggests that myripristis sp. appear to contain okadaic acid-like toxins and/or mix ... | 1993 | 8426272 |
| an epidemic of kawasaki syndrome in hawaii. | a community-wide outbreaks of kawasaki syndrome, apparently the first in the united states, occurred in hawaii in the first half of 1978. twenty-seven of the 33 cases were subjected to intensive epidemiologic and microbiologic study. patients with kawasaki syndrome, compared to the general population, more often had japanese ancestry, high-income status, and possibly a history of respiratory infection in the preceding month (44%). staphylococcus aureus was not found in high frequency in the pati ... | 1982 | 7062202 |
| evidence for the extinction of plague in hawaii. | plague (infection by yersinia pestis) was present in hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. the first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably rattus rattus and rattus norvegicus, on ships from the orient. both species were already established in hawaii and became the widespread local carriers of plague, supplemented by rattus exulans which had colonized the islands in ancient polynesian times. the flea xenopsylla vexabilis arrived with r. exulans, and ... | 1984 | 6364800 |
| swine salmonellosis in a hawaiian piggery. | | 1969 | 5813493 |
| asymptomatic salmonellosis in a swine herd. | | 1970 | 5530420 |
| blood-feeding habits of four species of mosquito found in hawaii. | | 1970 | 5443081 |
| isolation of virulent paracolobactrum aerogenoides microorganisms from a rat. | | 1971 | 5160224 |
| epidemiologic aspects of salmonellosis in hawaii. | | 1972 | 5066496 |
| leads from the mmwr. trichinosis--hawaii. | | 1987 | 3806870 |
| arthropod succession in exposed carrion in a tropical rainforest on o'ahu island, hawai'i. | | 1987 | 3585928 |
| trichinosis following ingestion of wild pig in hawaii: a case report. | | 1988 | 3170179 |
| helminth parasites of intermingling axis deer, wild swine and domestic cattle from the island of molokai, hawaii. | helminth infections of axis deer (cervus axis), wild swine (sus scrofa) and domestic cattle (bos taurus) were studied among intermingling herds on the puu-o-hoku ranch, molokai, hawaii. twenty-four species of helminths were collected from the 10 deer, 10 swine and 10 cattle. capillaria bovis, cooperia punctata, haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus axei infected both axis deer and cattle, whereas gongylonema pulchrum infected both axis deer and wild swine. none of the species of helminths oc ... | 1989 | 2716106 |
| causitive toxin(s) in the death of two atlantic dolphins. | following the death of two atlantic dolphins in a lagoon in march of 1989, the hawaiian fishes in the lagoon were examined as a potential source of toxin(s). this study reports the findings of the causitive toxin(s) involved, utilizing the stick enzyme immunoassay (s-eia) and the mouse and guinea pig atrium assays. the s-eia proved effective in screening the toxic fishes (mullet, wrasse, manini, and aholehole). following extraction, the major toxin was found in the viscera of these fishes, as co ... | 1990 | 2178186 |
| prevalence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii and trichinella spiralis in 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii. | serum samples from 509 pigs from 31 farms in oahu, hawaii were examined for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using the agglutination test in dilutions of 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500 and for trichinella spiralis using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found in 48.5% of pigs. antibody titers were: 5.1% positive at 1:25 dilution, 28.6% positive at 1:50 dilution and 14.7% positive at 1:500 dilution. the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in garbage-fed pigs (6 ... | 1992 | 1496803 |
| deit as an etiological factor in the development of cancers of the colon and rectum. | | 1975 | 1089677 |
| an epidemic of trichinosis after ingestion of wild pig in hawaii. | forty-five percent of young adults who ate roast wild pig at a barbecue in hawaii experienced an illness compatible with trichinosis. eosinophilia was present in all of those who were ill and in none who remained well. there were no positive results in skin tests with commercial skin-test antigen. latex agglutination and counterelectrophoresis were equally good methods for the diagnosis of trichinosis and were more sensitive than the bentonite flocculation test. levels of ige in those with illn ... | 1976 | 944219 |
| the levamisole story. | | 1976 | 827785 |
| incidence of antibody for hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in serums from swine in the united states. | serums prepared from blood collected from swine in arizona, florida, georgia, hawaii, iowa, maine, new hampshire, oregon, vermont, and washington were examined by the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test for antibody to hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev). antibody was detected in serums from swine in each of the states except maine, new hampshire, and vermont. the frequency of antibody ranged from 10.9% (6 of 55) with serums from swine in oregon, to 98.6% (71 of 72) with serums from ... | 1975 | 807134 |
| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: prevalence of infection with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype virus and its variants, 1974-1977. | from september 1974 to january 1978, about 25% of 254 swine farms, studied on four of six hawaiian islands, had swine with antibody to a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype of influenza virus. of 290 swine 2 to 5 years of age in a single herd, 72% had antibody. antibody titers were consistently higher to a/england/42/72 and a/port chalmers/1/73 antigens than to a/victoria/3/75 or a/hong kong/1/68 antigen. few swine had antibody to the a/hong kong/68 antigen. antibodies to h3n2 and hsw1n1 subtype of viru ... | 1979 | 525919 |
| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: swine influenza virus (hsw1n1) in herds not infected with lungworms. | to obtain more information on mechanisms by which influenza virus is perpetuated in swine, retrospective and prospective seroepizootiologic observations were made in swine herds in hawaii, beginning in 1974. an epizootic of swine influenza (hsw1n1) virus was observed in november and december 1976, involving 31 of 41 herds. features of the epizootic included (1) infection of all herds within one geographic location, during a short period; (2) no obvious introduction of virus from the outside in m ... | 1979 | 525918 |
| what can decision analysis do for invasive species management? | decisions about management of invasive species are difficult for all the reasons typically addressed by multiattribute decision analysis: uncertain outcomes, multiple and conflicting objectives, and many interested parties with differing views on both facts and values. this article illustrates how the tools of multiattribute analysis can improve management of invasive species, with an emphasis on making explicit the social values and preferences that must inform invasive species management. risk ... | 2004 | 15357805 |
| seroprevalence of noroviruses in swine. | noroviruses (nvs) are important human pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis. genetically related animal enteric nvs have also been described, but there is no evidence of interspecies transmission of nvs. in this study we characterized antibody prevalence among domestic pigs by using recombinant capsid antigens of two human nvs (norwalk and hawaii) and one swine nv (sw918) that is genetically related to gii human nvs. recombinant sw918 capsid protein expressed in baculovirus self-assembled i ... | 2005 | 15695660 |
| diversity and evolution of a newly emerged north american type 1 porcine arterivirus: analysis of isolates collected between 1999 and 2004. | european-like type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) isolates, known as north american (na) type 1 prrsv, appeared in united states (u.s.) swine herds in 1999. their diversity and evolution were studied over a five-year period by constructing phylogenetic trees using nsp2 and orf5 sequences of 20 na type 1 isolates, including the only known isolate from hawaii. all but two of the isolates possessed the same 51-nt deletion in nsp2, suggesting a clonal origin. parsimony ... | 2007 | 17323198 |
| prevalence and distribution of pox-like lesions, avian malaria, and mosquito vectors in kipahulu valley, haleakala national park, hawai'i, usa. | we determined prevalence and altitudinal distribution of introduced avian malarial infections (plasmodium relictum) and pox-like lesions (avipoxvirus) in forest birds from kipahulu valley, haleakalā national park, on the island of maui, and we identified primary larval habitat for the mosquito vector of this disease. this intensively managed wilderness area and scientific reserve is one of the most pristine areas of native forest remaining in the state of hawai'i, and it will become increasingly ... | 2007 | 17984251 |
| variation of aujeszky's disease viruses in wild swine in usa. | in the united states of america, aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) has been eradicated from all domestic swine. some re-emergence of infection occurred as vaccine use diminished. sporadic outbreaks have also occurred because of the reservoir of infection in feral swine that have spread across the southern two-thirds of the country and hawaii. in order to be able to understand the origins of re-emerging virus, sequence analysis of variable genes in pseudorabies virus (prv) has been used to differ ... | 2010 | 20444559 |
| swimmer risk of gastrointestinal illness from exposure to tropical coastal waters impacted by terrestrial dry-weather runoff. | this study used molecular methods to measure concentrations of four enteric viruses (adenovirus, enterovirus, norovirus gi, and norovirus gii) and fecal source tracking markers (human, ruminant, and pig bacteroidales) in land-based runoff from 22 tropical streams on o'ahu, hawai'i. each stream was sampled twice in the morning and afternoon during dry weather. viruses and human bacteroidales were widespread in the streams. watershed septic tank densities were positively associated with higher occ ... | 2011 | 21780808 |
| quantitative pcr-based detection of pathogenic leptospira in hawai'ian coastal streams. | pathogenic leptospira, the causative agents of leptospirosis, are mainly associated with tropical freshwaters, but little is known about their fate in the environment. this study analyzed the distribution of pathogenic leptospira genomes in 22 tropical coastal streams using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr). statistical analyses were conducted to understand pathogenic leptospira associations with water quality parameters, land use, microbial source tracking (mst) markers, and fecal i ... | 2011 | 22048423 |
| identification of brucella suis from feral swine in selected states in the usa. | serologic tests currently available for brucellosis diagnosis detect antibodies to brucella but do not distinguish between species of brucella. although brucella suis is known to circulate within various feral swine (sus scrofa) populations, our objective was to determine the primary species of brucella circulating in feral swine populations in areas of the us with high brucellosis prevalence. we cultured lymph nodes from 183 feral swine. we identified 22 isolates from 21 animals, and all isolat ... | 2014 | 24484477 |
| multiplex serology for common viral infections in feral pigs (sus scrofa) in hawaii between 2007 and 2010. | multiplex serology was performed for the detection of total immunoglobulin (ig) and igm antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and swine influenza virus (siv) antigens in feral swine (sus scrofa). serum samples were collected from the islands of oahu (292 pigs) and hawaii (52 pigs) between 2007 and 2010. the highest antibody prevalence was to pcv2 (63%), followed by siv (7.8%) and prrsv (5.8%). antigen-specific igm was de ... | 2015 | 25380357 |
| the islands are different: human perceptions of game species in hawaii. | hawaii's game animals are all non-native species, which provokes human-wildlife conflict among stakeholders. the management of human-wildlife conflict in hawaii is further complicated by the discrete nature of island communities. our goal was to understand the desires and perceived values or impacts of game held by residents of hawaii regarding six game species [pigs (sus scrofa), goats (capra hircus), mouflon (ovis musimon), axis deer (axis axis), turkeys (melagris gallopavo), and doves (geopel ... | 2014 | 25129387 |
| an initial investigation into the ecology of culturable aerobic postmortem bacteria. | postmortem microorganisms are increasingly recognized for their potential to serve as physical evidence. yet, we still understand little about the ecology of postmortem microbes, particularly those associated with the skin and larval masses. we conducted an experiment to characterize microbiological and chemical properties of decomposing swine (sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses on the island of oahu, hawaii, usa, during june 2013. bacteria were collected from the head, limb, and larval mass durin ... | 2015 | 26654073 |
| preliminary observations of arthropods associated with buried carrion on oahu. | several studies in hawaii have focused on arthropod succession and decomposition patterns of surface remains, but the current research presents the first study to focus on shallow burials in this context. three domestic pig carcasses (sus scrofa l.) were buried at the depths of 20-40 cm in silty clay loam soil on an exposed ridge on the leeward side of the volcanically formed koolau mountain range. one carcass was exhumed after 3 weeks, another after 6 weeks, and the last carcass was exhumed aft ... | 2015 | 25413711 |