| from the centers for disease control. cholera associated with an international airline flight, 1992. | | 1992 | 1538525 |
| cholera associated with an international airline flight, 1992. | | 1992 | 1738360 |
| incidence of vibrio cholerae from estuaries of the united states west coast. | the incidence of vibrio cholerae in shellfish, sediment, and waters of california, oregon, and washington was determined during the summer of 1984. samples from 24 distinct estuaries were analyzed qualitatively. v. cholerae non-o1 was found in 23 estuaries and in 44.6% of the 529 samples examined. v. cholerae o1 inaba was isolated from water samples in morro bay, calif. vibrio mimicus was found in 2.3% of the samples. cholera enterotoxin was not found in cell-free filtrates of the 100 isolates t ... | 1987 | 3606111 |
| isolation, enumeration, and host range of marine bdellovibrios. | | 1974 | 4211210 |
| vibrio cholerae (non-o1) isolated from california coastal waters. | nineteen strains of vibrio cholerae non-o1 were isolated from five separate marine sites along the santa cruz county coast. this environmental study was initiated after a human case of non-o1 cholera-like diarrhea was acquired endemically. | 1983 | 6651299 |
| non-01 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in northern california. | | 1984 | 6730494 |
| seasonal variations of vibrio cholerae (non-o1) isolated from california coastal waters. | this report compares recovery of non-o1 vibrio cholerae strains from seven california coastal sites during the winter and summer of 1983. a total of 41 identified and 27 presumptive nn-o1 v. cholerae strains were recovered from six of seven coastal sites in the summer. a 5-to 56-fold increase in the numbers of organisms isolated from different sites occurred in the summer months, when water temperatures were 1.9 to 5.1 degrees c higher. at the three sites where the highest levels of non-o1 v. ch ... | 1984 | 6742842 |
| necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock caused by vibrio cholerae acquired in san diego, california. | | 1995 | 7483603 |
| diagnosis and treatment of cholera in the united states. are we prepared? | to assess cholera recognition and treatment by us health care workers in the largest cholera outbreak in the united states this century. | 1994 | 7933349 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. imported cholera associated with a newly described toxigenic vibrio cholerae o139 strain--california, 1993. | | 1993 | 8320772 |
| imported cholera associated with a newly described toxigenic vibrio cholerae o139 strain--california, 1993. | | 1993 | 8515739 |
| an outbreak of cholera from food served on an international aircraft. | in february 1992, an outbreak of cholera occurred among persons who had flown on a commercial airline flight from south america to los angeles. this study was conducted to determine the magnitude and the cause of the outbreak. passengers were interviewed and laboratory specimens were collected to determine the magnitude of the outbreak. a case-control study was performed to determine the vehicle of infection. seventy-five of the 336 passengers in the united states had cholera; 10 were hospitaliz ... | 1996 | 8626007 |
| growth of vibrio cholerae o1 in red tide waters off california. | vibrio cholerae serotype o1 is autochthonous to estuarine and coastal waters. however, its population dynamics in such environments are not well understood. we tested the proliferation of v. cholerae n16961 during a lingulodinium polyedrum bloom, as well as other seawater conditions. microcosms containing 100-kda-filtered seawater were inoculated with v. cholerae or the 0.6- micro m-pore-size filterable fraction of seawater assemblages. these cultures were diluted 10-fold with fresh 100-kda-filt ... | 2003 | 14602656 |
| prevalence of cholera toxin genes (ctxa and zot) among non-o1/o139 vibrio cholerae strains from newport bay, california. | the examination of 137 non-o1/o139 vibrio cholerae isolates from newport bay, california, indicated the presence of diverse genotypes and a temporal succession. unexpectedly, the cholera toxin gene (ctxa) was found in 17% of the strains, of which one-third were also positive for the zot gene. this suggests that ctxa is prevalent in the region of nonepidemicity and is likely to have an environmental origin. | 2003 | 14660411 |
| salmonella spp., vibrio spp., clostridium perfringens, and plesiomonas shigelloides in marine and freshwater invertebrates from coastal california ecosystems. | the coastal ecosystems of california are highly utilized by humans and animals, but the ecology of fecal bacteria at the land-sea interface is not well understood. this study evaluated the distribution of potentially pathogenic bacteria in invertebrates from linked marine, estuarine, and freshwater ecosystems in central california. a variety of filter-feeding clams, mussels, worms, and crab tissues were selectively cultured for salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., escherichia coli-o157, clostrid ... | 2006 | 16897302 |
| detection and transformation of genome segments that differ within a coastal population of vibrio cholerae strains. | vibrio cholerae is an autochthonous member of diverse aquatic ecosystems around the globe. collectively, the genomes of environmental v. cholerae strains comprise a large repository of encoded functions which can be acquired by individual v. cholerae lineages through uptake and recombination. to characterize the genomic diversity of environmental v. cholerae, we used comparative genome hybridization to study 41 environmental strains isolated from diverse habitats along the central california coa ... | 2007 | 17449699 |
| genomic and phenotypic diversity of coastal vibrio cholerae strains is linked to environmental factors. | studies of vibrio cholerae diversity have focused primarily on pathogenic isolates of the o1 and o139 serotypes. however, autochthonous environmental isolates of this species routinely display more extensive genetic diversity than the primarily clonal pathogenic strains. in this study, genomic and metabolic profiles of 41 non-o1/o139 environmental isolates from central california coastal waters and four clinical strains are used to characterize the core genome and metabolome of v. cholerae. comp ... | 2007 | 17449702 |
| biogeographic patterns in genomic diversity among a large collection of vibrio cholerae isolates. | vibrio cholerae strains are capable of inhabiting multiple niches in the aquatic environment and in some cases cause disease in humans. however, the ecology and biodiversity of these bacteria in environmental settings remains poorly understood. we used the genomic fingerprinting technique enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence pcr (eric-pcr) to profile 835 environmental isolates from waters and sediments obtained at nine sites along the central california coast. we identified 1 ... | 2009 | 19139224 |
| enteric bacterial pathogen detection in southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) is associated with coastal urbanization and freshwater runoff. | although protected for nearly a century, california's sea otters have been slow to recover, in part due to exposure to fecally-associated protozoal pathogens like toxoplasma gondii and sarcocystis neurona. however, potential impacts from exposure to fecal bacteria have not been systematically explored. using selective media, we examined feces from live and dead sea otters from california for specific enteric bacterial pathogens (campylobacter, salmonella, clostridium perfringens, c. difficile an ... | 2010 | 19720009 |
| transfer of cholera toxin genes from o1 to non-o1/o139 strains by vibriophages from california coastal waters. | vibrio cholerae is an important bacterial pathogen that causes global cholera epidemic. although they are commonly found in coastal waters around the world, most environmental isolates do not contain cholera toxin genes. this study investigates vibriophages in southern california coastal waters and their ability to transfer cholera toxin genes. | 2010 | 19735324 |
| presence of bacteroidales as a predictor of pathogens in surface waters of the central california coast. | the value of bacteroidales genetic markers and fecal indicator bacteria (fib) to predict the occurrence of waterborne pathogens was evaluated in ambient waters along the central california coast. bacteroidales host-specific quantitative pcr (qpcr) was used to quantify fecal bacteria in water and provide insights into contributing host fecal sources. over 140 surface water samples from 10 major rivers and estuaries within the monterey bay region were tested over 14 months with four bacteroidales- ... | 2010 | 20639358 |
| recombination shapes the structure of an environmental vibrio cholerae population. | vibrio cholerae consists of pathogenic strains that cause sporadic gastrointestinal illness or epidemic cholera disease and nonpathogenic strains that grow and persist in coastal aquatic ecosystems. previous studies of disease-causing strains have shown v. cholerae to be a primarily clonal bacterial species, but isolates analyzed have been strongly biased toward pathogenic genotypes, while representing only a small sample of the vast diversity in environmental strains. in this study, we characte ... | 2010 | 21075874 |
| zoonotic pathogens isolated from wild animals and environmental samples at two california wildlife hospitals. | to determine types and estimate prevalence of potentially zoonotic enteric pathogens shed by wild animals admitted to either of 2 wildlife hospitals and to characterize distribution of these pathogens and of aerobic bacteria in a hospital environment. | 2011 | 21401435 |
| dynamics of vibrio with virulence genes detected in pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardii) off california: implications for marine mammal health. | given their coastal site fidelity and opportunistic foraging behavior, harbor seals (phoca vitulina) may serve as sentinels for coastal ecosystem health. seals using urbanized coastal habitat can acquire enteric bacteria, including vibrio that may affect their health. to understand vibrio dynamics in seals, demographic and environmental factors were tested for predicting potentially virulent vibrio in free-ranging and stranded pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardii) off california. vibri ... | 2013 | 23392641 |
| quantitative microbial risk assessment of pathogenic vibrios in marine recreational waters of southern california. | this study investigated the occurrence of three types of vibrios in southern california recreational beach waters during the peak marine bathing season in 2007. over 160 water samples were concentrated and enriched for the detection of vibrios. four sets of pcr primers, specific for vibrio cholerae, v. parahaemolyticus, and v. vulnificus species and the v. parahaemolyticus toxin gene, respectively, were used for the amplification of bacterial genomic dna. of 66 samples from doheny state beach, c ... | 2013 | 23104412 |
| epidemiology and potential land-sea transfer of enteric bacteria from terrestrial to marine species in the monterey bay region of california. | marine mammals are at risk for infection by fecal-associated zoonotic pathogens when they swim and feed in polluted nearshore marine waters. because of their tendency to consume 25-30% of their body weight per day in coastal filter-feeding invertebrates, southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) can act as sentinels of marine ecosystem health in california. feces from domestic and wildlife species were tested to determine prevalence, potential virulence, and diversity of selected opportunistic ... | 2012 | 22740531 |