| impact of overgrazing on the transmission of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan pastoral communities of sichuan province, china. | overgrazing was assumed to increase the population density of small mammals that are the intermediate hosts of echinococcus multilocularis, the pathogen of alveolar echinococcosis in the qinghai tibet plateau. this research tested the hypothesis that overgrazing might promote echinococcus multilocularis transmission through increasing populations of small mammal, intermediate hosts in tibetan pastoral communities. | 2007 | 17355829 |
| economic effects of echinococcosis in a disease-endemic region of the tibetan plateau. | this report attempts to quantify the economic losses due to echinococcus multilocularis and e. granulosus in shiqu county, sichuan, people's republic of china, as well as illustrate the cost effectiveness of dog anthelmintic prophylaxis combined with a sheep and goat vaccination program in terms of disability-adjusted life years (dalys) saved. we evaluated human losses associated with treatment costs and loss of income due to morbidity and mortality, in addition to production losses in livestock ... | 2005 | 16014823 |
| molecular study of echinococcus in west-central china. | west-central china is an important endemic focus of both alveolar and cystic echinococcosis where several species of intermediate host are commonly infected with echinococcus granulosus and e. multilocularis . isolates of e. granulosus were collected from humans and other animals from different geographical areas of qinghai, ningxia, gansu and sichuan, and genotyped using the mitochondrial dna marker atp synthase subunit 6 gene (atp6). the sheep strain (g1 genotype) of e. granulosus was shown to ... | 2005 | 16174420 |
| a canine purgation study and risk factor analysis for echinococcosis in a high endemic region of the tibetan plateau. | the tibetan plateau of western china has been shown to have a very high prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis (ce) caused by echinococcus granulosus and human alveolar echinococcosis (ae) caused by echinococcus multilocularis. the domestic dog is suspected to be the primary definitive host for the transmission of both e. granulosus and e. multilocularis to humans in this locality. a purgation study of 371 dogs in shiqu county, sichuan province during 2002-2003 resulted in an e. multiloculari ... | 2005 | 15619374 |
| grass height and transmission ecology of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan communities, china. | alveolar echinococcosis is a major zoonosis of public health significance in western china. overgrazing was recently assumed as a potential risk factor for transmission of alveolar echinococcosis. the research was designed to further test the overgrazing hypothesis by investigating how overgrazing influenced the burrow density of intermediate host small mammals and how the burrow density of small mammals was associated with dog echinococcus multilocularis infection. | 2010 | 20137577 |
| spatial modelling and ecology of echinococcus multilocularis transmission in china. | recent research in central china has suggested that the most likely transmission mechanism for echinococcus multilocularis to humans is via domestic dogs which are allowed to roam freely and hunt (infected) small mammals within areas close to villages or in areas of tented pasture. this assertion has led to the hypothesis that there is a landscape control on transmission risk since the proximity of suitable habitat for susceptible small mammals appears to be the key. we have tested this hypothes ... | 2006 | 16371253 |
| epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis with particular reference to china and europe. | human alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the metacestode of the fox tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis, is the most pathogenic zoonosis in temperate and arctic regions of the northern hemisphere. prospective collection of human cases in some areas and mass screenings using ultrasound imaging and confirmation with serological techniques have markedly improved our knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease in humans during the past two decades. transmission occurs when eggs of the tapewor ... | 2003 | 15027607 |
| fenced pasture: a possible risk factor for human alveolar echinococcosis in tibetan pastoralist communities of sichuan, china. | alveolar echinococcosis, infection caused by the parasitic helminth echinococcus multilocularis, is a zoonosis strongly linked to climatic and ecological factors. cross-sectional survey data were used to test a hypothesis that partial fencing of pastures could promote alveolar echinococcosis transmission in semi-nomadic pastoral communities of the tibetan plateau, pr china. using multiple stepwise logistic regression with consideration of factors of age and gender, it was shown that partial fenc ... | 2004 | 15099816 |
| reinfection studies of canine echinococcosis and role of dogs in transmission of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan communities, sichuan, china. | in the eastern tibetan plateau both human cystic and alveolar echinococcosis (ae) caused by infection with echincoccus granulosus or echinococcus multilocularis, respectively are highly endemic. the domestic dog plays a key role in zoonotic transmission in this region. our primary objective was to investigate the role of domestic dogs in maintaining transmission of e. multilocularis in shiqu county, sichuan. a cohort of 281 dogs was followed up over one year after a single treatment with praziqu ... | 2013 | 23985352 |
| role of dog behaviour and environmental fecal contamination in transmission of echinococcus multilocularis in tibetan communities. | on the eastern tibetan plateau region (sichuan province, china) dogs are regarded as important definitive hosts of echinococcus multilocularis. we studied dog spatial behaviour in 4 tibetan villages in order to determine the role of dogs in environmental contamination and their potential interactions with small mammal intermediate hosts. we identified definitive host species and echinococcus spp. infection status of feces collected in the field by pcr methods and analysed the spatial distributio ... | 2011 | 21854704 |
| modeling the transmission of echinococcus granulosus and echinococcus multilocularis in dogs for a high endemic region of the tibetan plateau. | echinococcus granulosus and echinococcus multilocularis abundance and prevalence data, for domestic dogs of shiqu county, sichuan province, people's republic of china, were fitted to mathematical models to evaluate transmission parameters. abundance models, assuming the presence and absence of immunity, were fit for both e. granulosus and e. multilocularis using bayesian priors, maximum likelihood, and monte carlo sampling techniques. when the models were compared, using the likelihood ratio tes ... | 2005 | 15710437 |
| distribution of the intermediate hosts of echinococcus multilocularis in shiqu county, sichuan, china. | the rodentia and lagomorpha animals are the intermediate hosts of echinococcus multilocularis, their distribution and infection of this parasite may facilitate the infection of definitive hosts such as dogs. the aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the intermediate hosts of echinococcus multilocularis in shiqu county, sichuan, china. | 2011 | 22040488 |
| species identification of human echinococcosis using histopathology and genotyping in northwestern china. | human cystic echinococcosis, caused by infection with the larval stage of echinococcus granulosus, and alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the larval form of e. multilocularis, are known to be important public health problems in western china. echinococcus shiquicus is a new species of echinococcus recently described in wildlife hosts from the eastern tibetan plateau and its infectivity and/or pathogenicity in humans remain unknown. in the current study, parasite tissues from various organs were ... | 2008 | 18396303 |