| viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, ichthyophonus hoferi, and other causes of morbidity in pacific herring clupea pallasi spawning in prince william sound, alaska, usa. | pacific herring clupea pallasi populations in prince william sound, alaska, usa, declined from an estimated 9.8 x 10(7) kg in 1992 to 1.5 x 10(7) kg in 1994. to determine the role of disease in population decline, 233 pacific herring from prince william sound were subjected to complete necropsy during april 1994. the north american strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) was isolated from 11 of 233 fish (4.7%). vhsv was significantly related to myocardial mineralization, hepatocellul ... | 1998 | 9676259 |
| epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in pacific herring from the spawn-on-kelp fishery in prince william sound, alaska, usa. | both the prevalence and tissue titer of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) increased in pacific herring clupea pallasi following their introduction into net pens (pounds) used in the closed pound spawn-on-kelp (sok) fishery in prince william sound, alaska. vhsv was also found in water samples from inside and outside the sok pounds after herring had been confined for several days; however, water samples taken near wild free-ranging, spawning herring either failed to test positive or tested ... | 1999 | 10439900 |
| isolation of the north american strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) associated with epizootic mortality in two new host species of alaskan marine fish. | thousands of dead pacific herring clupea pallasi, pacific hake merluccius productus and walleye pollock theragra chalcogramma were reported in lisianski inlet near pelican, alaska, usa, on august 1, 1998. the pacific hake and pollock continued to die through the end of september. virological examinations of dead fish identified the north american strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) from all 3 species of fish as well as associated high virus titers and possible histopathological l ... | 1999 | 10598280 |
| association of plasma igm with body size, histopathologic changes, and plasma chemistries in adult pacific herring clupea pallasi. | pacific herring clupea pallasi immunoglobulin is an igm-like molecule comprised of heavy and light chains with molecular weights of 79 and 25 to 27 kd, respectively. purified immunoglobulin was used to generate highly specific polyclonal antibodies for development of a sandwich elisa. the elisa was used to quantify total plasma igm in 602 pacific herring captured in prince william sound and sitka sound, alaska, usa. plasma igm concentrations ranged from 0.13 to 5.32 mg ml-1. using multiple stepw ... | 1999 | 10598283 |
| bayesian stock assessment of pacific herring in prince william sound, alaska. | the pacific herring (clupea pallasii) population in prince william sound, alaska crashed in 1993 and has yet to recover, affecting food web dynamics in the sound and impacting alaskan communities. to help researchers design and implement the most effective monitoring, management, and recovery programs, a bayesian assessment of prince william sound herring was developed by reformulating the current model used by the alaska department of fish and game. the bayesian model estimated pre-fishery spaw ... | 2017 | 28222151 |
| the toxicity of creosote-treated wood to pacific herring embryos and characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near creosoted pilings in juneau, alaska. | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) from creosote exposure in the laboratory resulted in deleterious effects in developing pacific herring (clupea pallasi) embryos, and potentially toxic concentrations of pahs were measured using passive water samplers at 1 of 3 harbor field sites in juneau, alaska, usa. aqueous total pah concentrations of 4.6 μg/l and 8.4 μg/l from creosote exposure resulted in skeletal defects and ineffective swimming in hatched larvae in the laboratory (10% effective conc ... | 2016 | 27739099 |
| the parasite ichthyophonus sp. in pacific herring from the coastal ne pacific. | the protistan parasite ichthyophonus occurred in populations of pacific herring clupea pallasii valenciennes throughout coastal areas of the ne pacific, ranging from puget sound, wa north to the gulf of alaska, ak. infection prevalence in local pacific herring stocks varied seasonally and annually, and a general pattern of increasing prevalence with host size and/or age persisted throughout the ne pacific. an exception to this zoographic pattern occurred among a group of juvenile, age 1+ year pa ... | 2016 | 25828232 |
| archaeological data provide alternative hypotheses on pacific herring (clupea pallasii) distribution, abundance, and variability. | pacific herring (clupea pallasii), a foundation of coastal social-ecological systems, is in decline throughout much of its range. we assembled data on fish bones from 171 archaeological sites from alaska, british columbia, and washington to provide proxy measures of past herring distribution and abundance. the dataset represents 435,777 fish bones, dating throughout the holocene, but primarily to the last 2,500 y. herring is the single-most ubiquitous fish taxon (99% ubiquity) and among the two ... | 2014 | 24550468 |
| quantitative risk model for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon photoinduced toxicity in pacific herring following the exxon valdez oil spill. | phototoxicity occurs when exposure to ultraviolet radiation increases the toxicity of certain contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). this study aimed to (1) develop a quantitative model to predict the risk of pah phototoxicity to fish, (2) assess the predictive value of the model, and (3) estimate the risk of pah phototoxicity to larval and young of year pacific herring (clupea pallasi) following the exxon valdez oil spill (evos) in prince william sound, alaska. the mod ... | 2013 | 23600964 |
| development of genomic resources for pacific herring through targeted transcriptome pyrosequencing. | pacific herring (clupea pallasii) support commercially and culturally important fisheries but have experienced significant additional pressure from a variety of anthropogenic and environmental sources. in order to provide genomic resources to facilitate organismal and population level research, high-throughput pyrosequencing (roche 454) was carried out on transcriptome libraries from liver and testes samples taken in prince william sound, the bering sea, and the gulf of alaska. over 40,000 conti ... | 2012 | 22383979 |
| prevalence of viral erythrocytic necrosis in pacific herring and epizootics in skagit bay, puget sound, washington. | epizootics of viral erythrocytic necrosis (ven) occurred among juvenile pacific herring clupea pallasii in skagit bay, puget sound, washington, during 2005-2007 and were characterized by high prevalences and intensities of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within circulating erythrocytes. the prevalence of ven peaked at 67% during the first epizootic in october 2005 and waned to 0% by august 2006. a second ven epizootic occurred throughout the summer of 2007; this was characterized by disease initiat ... | 2009 | 19485119 |
| predicting synergistic effects of resources and predators on foraging decisions by juvenile steller sea lions. | many theoretical and experimental studies suggest that synergistic interactions between resources and predators influence foraging decisions and their fitness consequences. this framework, however, has been ignored almost completely by hypotheses on causes of the population decline of steller sea lions (ssls) (eumetopias jubatus) in western alaska. by comparing predictions from a dynamic state variable model to empirical data on the behaviour of individuals instrumented with satellite-linked tim ... | 2009 | 18953573 |
| very low embryonic crude oil exposures cause lasting cardiac defects in salmon and herring. | the 1989 exxon valdez disaster exposed embryos of pink salmon and pacific herring to crude oil in shoreline spawning habitats throughout prince william sound, alaska. the herring fishery collapsed four years later. the role of the spill, if any, in this decline remains one of the most controversial unanswered questions in modern natural resource injury assessment. crude oil disrupts excitation-contraction coupling in fish heart muscle cells, and we show here that salmon and herring exposed as em ... | 2015 | 26345607 |
| ichthyophonus-infected walleye pollock theragra chalcogramma (pallas) in the eastern bering sea: a potential reservoir of infections in the north pacific. | in 2003, the alaska walleye pollock industry reported product quality issues attributed to an unspecified parasite in fish muscle. using molecular and histological methods, we identified the parasite in bering sea pollock as ichthyophonus. infected pollock were identified throughout the study area, and prevalence was greater in adults than in juveniles. this study not only provides the first documented report of ichthyophonus in any fish species captured in the bering sea, but also reveals that ... | 2014 | 23941303 |