| theobald smith--the discoverer of ticks as vectors of disease. | the cause of texas fever in cattle, which is characterised by lysis of erythrocytes leading to anaemia, icterus, haemoglobinuria, and death, remained unsolved for many decades and assorted theories were proposed as an explanation for a disease being transmitted by apparently healthy animals. from 1889 to 1893, theobald smith and frederick l. kilbourne could demonstrate in elegantly conducted experiments how the disease was spread from cattle to cattle by ticks serving as the vector of transmissi ... | 2002 | 12422586 |
| detection of babesia bigemina infection in strains of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus collected from outbreaks in south texas. | the sudden death of several cattle infested experimentally with rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus led to a clinical investigation into the reasons for the unexpected mortality. microscopic evidence for babesia bigemina infection was found in blood smears from the affected animals and a pcr assay was designed to detect the presence of b. bigemina and babesia bovis in all r. microplus strains received and propagated at the laboratory. the assay utilizes a nested pcr approach with the first pcr a ... | 2007 | 17178440 |
| development of a tandem repeat-based multilocus typing system distinguishing babesia bovis geographic isolates. | mini- and microsatellite sequences have proven to be excellent tools for the differentiation of strains and populations in several protozoan parasites due to their high variability. in the present work we have searched the genome of the tick-transmitted bovine hemoprotozoon babesia bovis for tandem repeats (trs) that could be useful for a multilocus typing system. hundred and nineteen sequences were shortlisted and tested in five common b. bovis reference isolates originating from distinct geogr ... | 2010 | 19833439 |
| invasive potential of cattle fever ticks in the southern united states. | for >100 years cattle production in the southern united states has been threatened by cattle fever. it is caused by an invasive parasite-vector complex that includes the protozoan hemoparasites babesia bovis and b. bigemina, which are transmitted among domestic cattle via rhipicephalus tick vectors of the subgenus boophilus. in 1906 an eradication effort was started and by 1943 boophilus ticks had been confined to a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the texas-mexico border. ho ... | 2014 | 24742062 |
| widespread movement of invasive cattle fever ticks (rhipicephalus microplus) in southern texas leads to shared local infestations on cattle and deer. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a highly-invasive tick that transmits the cattle parasites (babesia bovis and b. bigemina) that cause cattle fever. r. microplus and babesia are endemic in mexico and ticks persist in the united states inside a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the rio grande. this containment area is threatened by unregulated movements of illegal cattle and wildlife like white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus). | 2014 | 24742041 |
| molecular detection of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from tom green county in central texas. | serologic and molecular evidence suggest that white-tailed deer in south texas and north mexico carry the agents of bovine babesiosis, babesia bovis and babesia bigemina. to determine if white-tailed deer in central texas, which is outside the known occurrence of the vector tick at this time, harbor these parasites, blood samples from free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in tom green county were tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays for b. bovis and b. b ... | 2010 | 21194841 |
| molecular and serologic evidence for babesia bovis-like parasites in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in south texas. | the current study was undertaken to determine if white-tailed deer in south texas harbor babesia bovis, a causative agent of bovine babesiosis. blood samples from free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) on two ranches in lasalle and webb counties were screened for b. bovis and other hemoparasites by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect the piroplasm 18s rdna. serology was conducted on selected samples to detect antibody activity to b. bovis by the immunofluorescent antib ... | 2010 | 20605333 |
| in silico predicted conserved b-cell epitopes in the merozoite surface antigen-2 family of b. bovis are neutralization sensitive. | the merozoite surface antigens msa-2 of babesia bovis constitute a family of polymorphic gpi-anchored glycoproteins located at the parasite cell surface, that contain neutralization-sensitive b-cell epitopes. these are therefore putative vaccine candidates for bovine babesiosis. it was previously shown that (i) the msa-2 antigens of the biologically cloned mo7 strain are encoded by four tandemly organized genes: msa-2a(1), a(2), b and c, and (ii) at least one allele of each of these genes is pre ... | 2010 | 19850413 |