| outcome of enterovirus 71 infections with or without stage-based management: 1998 to 2002. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) infection may progress through four stages, one of which is cardiopulmonary failure. in taiwan in 1998 almost all the ev71 patients with cardiopulmonary failure died. to improve clinical outcome of ev71 patients, we developed a stage-based management program in 2000. | 2004 | 15071287 |
| enterovirus 71 in taiwan, 2004-2006: epidemiological and virological features. | we report unusual cases of myocarditis caused by enterovirus 71 (ev71) and a declining trend in the incidence of ev71 in taiwan since 2005. furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of the 5' untranslated region, vp4, and vp1 genes of ev71 isolates in 2004-2005 revealed a divergent phylogeny from the previous taiwanese isolates. no obvious phylogenetically distinct clones or clusters were found related to varying degrees of disease severity or clinical manifestations. | 2008 | 18584550 |
| hla-a33 is associated with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection. | enterovirus 71 has caused large epidemics of disease, resulting in many fatalities and severe sequelae, in taiwan and some other countries. in this study, host genetic factors were investigated to link susceptibility to and clinical severity of enterovirus 71 infections. | 2008 | 19047245 |
| enterovirus 71 maternal antibodies in infants, taiwan. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) causes life-threatening disease outbreaks in young children in asia. this cohort study was conducted to understand the dynamics of maternal ev71 antibodies in taiwanese young infants. approximately 50% of neonates had detectable ev71 neutralizing antibodies, which declined to almost undetectable levels by 6 months of age. | 2009 | 19331737 |
| coxsackieviruses infection in northern taiwan--epidemiology and clinical characteristics. | the epidemiology of coxsackievirus has rarely been investigated in taiwan. this study was performed to ascertain the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coxsackievirus infections in taiwan. | 2009 | 19424557 |
| enterovirus 71: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) has emerged as a major cause of neurological threat in the world following the eradication of poliovirus. most ev71 infections commonly result in hand-foot-mouth disease or herpangina, and some cases are associated with brainstem encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis. mortality was high in ev71 brainstem encephalitis complicated with pulmonary edema, particularly in children below 5 years of age. destruction of vasomotor in the brainstem by ev71 produces autonomic nervou ... | 2009 | 19681701 |
| [analysis on the preference of synonymous codon in vp1 nucleotide sequence of the ev71 based on rscu method]. | based on rscu method and by analyzing the preference of codon usage in vp1 nucleotide sequences of ev71 isolated in chinese mainland and taiwan region from 1998 to 2008, it is clear that there is an obvious time discrimination in rscu calculated from ev71 vp1 strain between two different regions of china and it is more obvious in taiwan region, therefore, according to the diversity of rscu, the years can be divided into 2 intervals in chinese mainland and 4 intervals in taiwan region, especially ... | 2009 | 20077938 |
| epidemiologic features and virus isolation of enteroviruses in northern taiwan during 2000-2008. | the susceptibility of five cell lines, rd, mrc-5, mk-2, hep-2 and a549, for various serotypes of human enteroviruses was evaluated. rd cells were susceptible to most serotypes of enteroviruses, especially for human enterovirus a. consequently, a high prevalence of human enterovirus a in taiwan may reflect the relative importance of rd cells in the clinical virology laboratory. however, susceptibilities of rd cells to coxsackievirus a9 and a24, and echovirus 9 and 11 were exceptionally low. alter ... | 2010 | 20214926 |
| circulating viruses associated with severe complicated enterovirus infection in taiwan: a multi-year analysis. | few studies have investigated the viral isolation characteristics for severe complicated enterovirus infection (scei). this study evaluated the seasonality and contribution of circulated viruses to the chronologic trend and weekly reported scei epidemic. | 2010 | 20351529 |
| an investigation of epidemic enterovirus 71 infection in taiwan, 2008: clinical, virologic, and serologic features. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) is causing life-threatening hand-foot-mouth disease in asia. in taiwan, ev71 epidemics with different predominant genotypes occurred in 1998 (c2), 2000-2001 (b4), and 2004-2005 (c4). this genotype replacement may have important implications for vaccine development and prediction of epidemics. a nationwide ev71 outbreak occurred again in 2008, which provided a unique opportunity to characterize clinical, virologic, and serologic features of this epidemic. | 2010 | 20543760 |
| epidemiologic and clinical features of non-polio enteroviral infections in northern taiwan in 2008. | background: non-polio enteroviruses may cause different diseases, including herpangina, hand-foot-mouth disease (hfmd), meningitis, and nonspecific febrile illness; and cause epidemic outbreak annually. this study delineates the diversity of clinical presentations based on different serotypes and different groups [human enterovirus (hev)-a and hev-b] of enteroviruses (evs) during the 2008 epidemic in national taiwan university hospital (ntuh). methods: we retrospectively identified patients youn ... | 2011 | 21524954 |
| knowledge about and attitude toward enterovirus 71 infections: a survey of parents and teachers at kindergartens in taiwan. | in 2008, we surveyed 690 parents and 104 teachers at kindergartens in taiwan about their knowledge of and attitude towards enterovirus 71 infections. the accurate response rate for enterovirus infection characteristics was greater than 80% for specific symptoms, prevalent age group, and predominant infection season. parents and teachers felt great anxiety and even panic about infection. both groups perceived the impact of enterovirus infection to be worse than that of influenza. | 2010 | 20227791 |
| extracorporeal life support for treatment of children with enterovirus 71 infection-related cardiopulmonary failure. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) infection leading to cardiopulmonary failure (cpf) is rare, but usually fatal. in such cases, intensive cardiorespiratory support is essential for survival. in this study, we report our experience in the treatment of ev71-related cpf with extracorporeal life support (ecls). | 2010 | 20033668 |
| reemergence of enterovirus 71 in 2008 in taiwan: dynamics of genetic and antigenic evolution from 1998 to 2008. | in recent years, enterovirus 71 (ev71) has been a cause of numerous outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, with severe neurological complications in the asia-pacific region. the reemergence in taiwan of ev71 genotype b5 in 2008 resulted in the largest outbreak of ev71 in taiwan in the past 11 years. phylogenetic analyses indicated that dominant genotype changes from b to c or c to b occurred at least three times between 1986 and 2008. furthermore, antigenic cartography of ev71 by using neutra ... | 2009 | 19776232 |
| epidemiology and diagnostic methodology for enterovirus infection, including cerebrospinal fluid analysis: a 5-year review. | enterovirus is the most common pathogen of human illness, but data on epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of enterovirus from taiwan are rare. we reviewed hospital records to determine the types of enterovirus isolated and the adequacy of the laboratory diagnostic methods. | 2008 | 19255687 |
| molecular and immunocytochemical identification of coxsackievirus a-24 variant from the acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreak in taiwan in 2007. | acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (ahc) is a highly contagious conjunctivitis associated with enteroviruses. coxsackie a-24 variant (ca-24v) and enterovirus-70 (ev-70) are the two major causative agents. during october 2007, an epidemic of ahc occurred in taiwan, affecting more than 11 000 people. the aim of this study was to determine the aetiological agent associated with the outbreak in patients diagnosed with ahc and treated at the cathay general hospital, taipei (cght) and cathay general ho ... | 2010 | 19218990 |
| enterovirus 71, one virus and many stories. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) has emerged as a significant cause of brainstem encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis in taiwan. it may be complicated by autonomic nervous system dysregulation and pulmonary edema (pe). cytokines in the central nervous system and systemic inflammatory responses play important roles in the pathogenesis of ev71-associated pe. pathogenesis-based management with intravenous immunoglobulin and milrinone has been associated with reduced mortality in children with severe ev71 ... | 2008 | 19054915 |
| enterovirus 71 in taiwan. | the enterovirus 71 (ev71) outbreak in taiwan in 1998 proved fatal in many children. a seroepidemiological study performed prior to the 1998 outbreak showed pre-epidemic (1997) ev71 seroprevalence rates to be about 60-70% in adults and children older than 6 years of age. a retrospective case review carried out from 1980-81 identified 16 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease associated with central nervous system involvement, two of whom died soon after hospitalization. there were 405 severe cases ... | 2008 | 19054914 |
| attention-deficit/hyperactivity-related symptoms among children with enterovirus 71 infection of the central nervous system. | no study has investigated the association between enterovirus 71 central nervous system infection and symptoms related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. in this study we evaluated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-related symptoms and internalizing problems as long-term sequelae resulting from enterovirus 71 central nervous system infection in children. | 2008 | 18606624 |
| appearance of intratypic recombination of enterovirus 71 in taiwan from 2002 to 2005. | genetic recombination is a well-known phenomenon for enteroviruses. in this study, we determined the phylogenetic relationships of five distinct regions of the ev71 genome for 73 ev71 isolates from 1986 and from 1998 to 2005 in taiwan. phylogenetic analyses showed that the 5'-utr, vp4-vp2, vp1, and 3d regions of ev71 isolated in 2004 and 2005 were grouped into genotype c. however, the 2b region of these isolates differed in that it grouped with genotype b, indicating recombination within ev71 ha ... | 2008 | 18036697 |
| epidemiological survey of enterovirus infections occurring in taiwan between 2000 and 2005: analysis of sentinel physician surveillance data. | enterovirus (ev) infections are common. there are more than 60 known serotypes, and each has different epidemiologic or medical importance. over 700 physicians from 75% of basic administrative units of taiwan participated in the "sentinel physician surveillance of infectious disease" and reported weekly to the center for disease control-taiwan with data on various infections. data of laboratory-confirmed ev infections from this surveillance between 2000 and 2005 was analyzed. ev serotypes were d ... | 2007 | 17935170 |
| the change of etiological agents and clinical signs of epidemic viral conjunctivitis over an 18-year period in southern taiwan. | epidemic viral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious eye disease that occurs worldwide and is caused mainly by adenoviruses and enteroviruses. an 18-year analysis of the changes of pathogens and clinical signs in a subtropical and densely populated island presents certain special features. | 2003 | 12768288 |
| hemorrhagic viral keratoconjunctivitis in taiwan caused by adenovirus types 19 and 37: applicability of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in detecting adenovirus genotypes. | acute keratoconjunctivitis with prominent subconjunctival hemorrhage (sch) is usually perceived by a clinician as acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (ahc) associated with enteroviruses; however, sch can also be an adenoviruses infection. a rapid and sensitive laboratory diagnosis is helpful for differential diagnosis. therefore, the sensitivity and applicability of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse transcription (rt)-pcr diagnoses were evaluated for keratoconjunctivitis associated with v ... | 2001 | 11322419 |
| risk of leukaemia in children infected with enterovirus: a nationwide, retrospective, population-based, taiwanese-registry, cohort study. | the association between enterovirus infections in children and risk of leukaemia is unclear. we aimed to assess the risk of leukaemia after enterovirus infection in children. | 2015 | 26321214 |
| increased risk of tics in children infected with enterovirus: a nationwide population-based study. | both tics and enterovirus (ev) infections are common in children. the association between ev infections and tics has been seldom evaluated. the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of diagnosed tics after ev infections in children. | 2017 | 28353494 |
| genetic diversity and c2-like subgenogroup strains of enterovirus 71, taiwan, 2008. | human enterovirus 71 (ev-71) is known of having caused numerous outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease, and other clinical manifestations globally. in 2008, 989 ev-71 strains were isolated in taiwan. | 2010 | 20959020 |