| the differential diagnosis of the bovine theilerias of southern africa. | it is currently thought that the following species or sub-species of theileria occur in cattle in southern africa: theileria parva parva (east coast fever), theileria parva lawrencei (corridor disease), theileria parva bovie (rhodesian theileriosis), theileria mutans proper (transmitted by amblyomma species), so-called theileria mutans (a non-pathogenic species transmitted by rhipicephalus appendiculatus, possibly identical with theileria taurotragi) and theileria velifera. the parasites can be ... | 1979 | 122000 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania. viii. experiments with african buffalo (syncerus caffer). | it has been found that african buffalo may remain infective carriers of theileria parva lawrencei for at least 5 years. this infection is now known to exist in buffalo in 3 sites in northern tanzania. it was shown that buffalo can be infected with haematoxenus veliferus and theileria mutans of cattle and retransmission of these parasites from buffalo to cattle was successful. the species of haematoxemus reported in wild buffalo in central and east africa is likely to be h. veliferus, while the p ... | 1977 | 410128 |
| immunisation of cattle against theileriosis in nakuru district of kenya by infection and treatment and the introduction of unconventional tick control. | one hundred and one cross european-boran cattle (50 cows and 51 calves), on a farm in nakuru district, kenya, were immunised against theileriosis using theileria parva lawrencei and theileria parva parva stocks from another district of kenya. the stabilates used were t.p.lawrencei (mara iii) used at 10(-1.7) dilution and t.p.parva (kilae) used at 10(-1.0) dilution. the stabilates were combined and inoculated simultaneously with a short-acting formulation of oxytetracycline hydrochloride given in ... | 1992 | 1496782 |
| epidemiological observations on theileriosis following field immunisation using infection and treatment. | thirty-seven high grade cattle were immunised against corridor disease (theileria parva lawrencei infection) on a farm with a history of heavy and often lethal theilerial challenge. nineteen cattle were immunised by treating with two doses of long-acting oxytetracyclines given at 20 mg/kg on days 0 and 4 after sporozoite stabilate inoculation, while the other 18 were treated with naphthoquinone buparvaquone, given as a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg simultaneously with stabilate inoculation. all the c ... | 1991 | 1907045 |
| theilerial parasites isolated from carrier cattle after immunization with theileria parva by the infection and treatment method. | groups of cattle were immunized with 10(-2) dilutions of sporozoite stabilates of theileria parva lawrencei derived from african buffaloes either alone or in combination with theileria parva parva derived from cattle and concomitant treatment with either long or short-acting formulations of oxytetracyline. at 90 or 120 days after infection, uninfected rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal ticks were applied to individual immunized cattle and the resultant adults ticks were applied to individual s ... | 1989 | 2508037 |
| comparative infection rates of theileria parva lawrencei in salivary glands of rhipicephalus appendiculatus and rhipicephalus zambeziensis. | three cattle, which had been experimentally infected with theileria parva lawrencei and maintained as carriers of the infection, were each infested simultaneously with clean nymphal rhipicephalus appendiculatus and rhipicephalus zambeziensis in ear bags on separate ears. after moulting, the ensuing adult ticks were fed on rabbits for 4 days and their salivary glands were examined for infective stages of the parasite. microscopic examination revealed significantly higher infection rates in the sa ... | 1989 | 2510107 |
| corridor disease in south africa: a review of the current status. | the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) is a reservoir host of theileria parva lawrencei the causative organism of corridor or buffalo disease of cattle. this organism can apparently transform its behaviour when tick-passaged through cattle to resemble that of theileria parva parva, causing classic east coast fever (ecf). these are major considerations for the strict quarantine measures imposed on buffaloes from corridor disease endemic areas in south africa. results of continuing studies on diagn ... | 1988 | 3058976 |
| experimental induction of theileria parva lawrencei carrier state in an african buffalo (syncerus caffer). | an african buffalo (syncerus caffer), born in captivity and demonstrated to be theileria-free, and 2 susceptible cattle were inoculated with a theileria parva lawrencei sporozoite stabilate. the buffalo had a very mild disease reaction, while the 2 cattle died of acute theileriosis. it was possible to isolate t. p. lawrencei from the buffalo up to 888 days after infection by the application of non-infected rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphs and up to 657 days after infection by the establishmen ... | 1987 | 3112701 |
| infection of african buffalo (syncerus caffer) and cattle with theileria parva lawrencei after serial passage in cattle. | the infectivity of a theileria parva lawrencei stabilate, from a stock derived from an african buffalo (syncerus caffer) in the serengeti national park, tanzania, was investigated. in the first experiment a buffalo and three cattle were inoculated with a stabilate from a stock passaged three times in cattle. all cattle developed fatal theilerial infections. isolations from the buffalo by tick feeding and cell culture isolation showed that it was infected with t p lawrencei at the time of inocula ... | 1987 | 3112876 |
| isolation of theileria parva lawrencei-infected lymphoid cell lines from free-ranging african buffaloes (syncerus caffer). | lymphoid cells collected from the peripheral blood of 45 free-ranging buffaloes sampled in the masai mara game reserve in kenya were cultured in vitro in an attempt to establish cell lines of intralymphocytic theilerial schizonts. theileria parva lawrencei-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines were established with samples taken from 12 buffaloes, and 11 of these were maintained continuously in vitro. sixteen of the buffalo samples were contaminated with either trypanosomes or viruses. the successf ... | 1987 | 3114847 |
| immunization of cattle using varying infective doses of theileria parva lawrencei sporozoites derived from an african buffalo (syncerus caffer) and treatment with buparvaquone. | a theileria parva lawrencei isolate in the form of a sporozoite stabilate, derived by feeding clean rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal ticks on an african buffalo (syncerus caffer) captured in the laikipia district, kenya, was inoculated into groups of cattle at dilutions between 10(0) and 10(-3). groups of 3 cattle infected with 1 ml inocula at 10(0), 10(-1) and 10(-2) dilutions were treated with 2.5 mg/kg body weight of buparvaquone on day 0 and similar groups were left untreated to act as c ... | 1988 | 3131722 |
| immunization of cattle against theileriosis using varying doses of theileria parva lawrencei and t. parva parva sporozoites and oxytetracycline treatments. | | 1988 | 3138197 |
| a cell surface antigen associated with theileria parva lawrencei-infected bovine lymphoid cells. | attempts to produce monoclonal antibodies specific for a parasite-encoded or induced antigen on the surface of theileria parva lawrencei-transformed bovine lymphocytes resulted in the identification of the monoclonal antibody j7. this antibody recognizes a membrane glycoprotein on some t.p. lawrencei-infected bovine lymphoid cells but not on any uninfected bovine lymphoid cells. inoculation of allogeneic recipient cattle with t.p. lawrencei-transformed cells bearing the j7 determinant resulted i ... | 1986 | 3703570 |
| epidemiology of tick-borne diseases of cattle in zimbabwe. iii. theileria parva group. | a survey of the occurrence of antibodies to theileria parva using the ifa test in calves up to one year old at 244 localities in zimbabwe revealed that the parasite occurred throughout the country although the prevalence of positive serological reactors was generally low. outbreaks of theileriosis in high rainfall areas in the north, east and west of the country were attributed to theileria parva bovis transmitted from cattle to cattle by rhipicephalus appendiculatus. outbreaks in high and low r ... | 1985 | 3992667 |
| rhipicephalus zambeziensis as a vector of bovine theileriae. | rhipicephalus zambeziensis was shown experimentally to transmit theileria parva parva in cattle from nymph to adult and theileria parva lawrencei, theileria parva bovis and theileria taurotragi from larva to nymph and nymph to adult. in a single trial the tick failed to transmit theileria mutans. the tick is believed to be a vector of t. parva lawrencei in the field in zimbabwe. | 1983 | 6405516 |
| infection of mammalian cells with theileria species. | experiments were carried out to determine the susceptibility of mammalian cells to infection with different species of theileria in vitro. sporozoites of theileria parva (parva), theileria parva (lawrencei) and theileria taurotragi were isolated from rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks by grinding infected ticks in medium, filtering the suspension and concentrating by centrifugation. the sporozoites were used in attempts to infect in vitro peripheral blood leucocytes harvested from 16 different m ... | 1983 | 6406967 |
| chemotherapy of theileria parva lawrencei infections in cattle with halofuginone. | halofuginone lactate, given once orally at a dosage rate of 1,2 mg/kg body mass on the 1st, 3rd or 5th days of fever, resulted in the recovery of only 1 out of 5 splenectomized cattle. three splenectomized animals, treated on the 1st as well as the 4th day of fever, recovered and were then carriers. six untreated controls all died. the potential value of a chemotherapeutic agent for theileria parva lawrencei infections in south africa is discussed. | 1983 | 6877791 |
| theileriosis in zambia: etiology, epidemiology and control measures. | in zambia, theileriosis manifests itself in the form of corridor disease (cd), caused by theileria parva lawrencei, and east coast fever (ecf), caused by t. parva parva. of the approximately 3 million cattle in zambia, 1.4 million are at risk to theileriosis. ecf is found in the northern and eastern provinces of the country, while cd appears in southern, central, lusaka and copperbelt provinces. theileriosis is a major constraint to the development of the livestock industry in zambia, with losse ... | 1994 | 7933764 |
| disease constraints for utilization of the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) on game ranches in zambia. | eco-tourism depending on wildlife is becoming increasingly profitable and landowners are beginning to favor game farming and ecotourism. in these areas, large-scale translocation of wildlife involves a diversity of species and large populations. the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) is one of the major tourist attractions in zambia. it accounts for 8.7% and 12.4% of the total animal species hunted in the game management areas and the total hunting revenue earned in zambia, respectively. it is ec ... | 2006 | 16786973 |