| heterogeneity of nonimmune immunoglobulin fc reactivity among gram-positive cocci: description of three major types of receptors for human immunoglobulin g. | two hundred and thirty strains of various gram-positive cocci were tested for quantitative, nonimmune binding of radiolabeled human polyclonal immunoglobulin g (igg). the majority of coagulase-positive staphylococci and streptococci belonging to serogroups c and g showed a high uptake of igg. the binding of immunoglobulin to group a streptococci was considerably less, with a number of strains completely negative. none of the pneumococcal or the group b or d streptococcal strains displayed any bi ... | 1977 | 409673 |
| aromatic-dependent salmonella as live vaccine presenters of foreign epitopes as inserts in flagellin. | synthetic oligonucleotides specifying amino acid sequences identified as epitopes of various foreign antigens (cholera toxin subunit b, hepatitis b surface protein and others) have been inserted at an ecorv-ecorv deletion site in a cloned salmonella flagellin gene; the resulting plasmids, when placed in flagellin-negative escherichia coli or salmonella sp. strains, caused production of flagellin expressing the epitope. if the chimeric flagellin allowed formation of flagella, the epitope was expo ... | 1990 | 1714093 |
| hemodynamic effects of group a streptococcus mucopeptide. | | 1973 | 4587881 |
| lymphocyte transformation and macrophage migration inhibition by electrofocused and gel-filtered fractions of group a streptococcal filtrate. | | 1974 | 4619355 |
| lymphocyte stimulation by a glycopeptide isolated from streptococcus pyogenes c203s. ii. kinetics of the response. | | 1970 | 4943361 |
| [experimental sudies on the allergy by streptococcus hemolyticus]. | | 1970 | 5491656 |
| [cross-reacting antigen of streptococcus group a and of the stromal fibroblasts of lymphoid organs]. | it has been demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescent method that sera of rabbits immunized with nontype-specific (nts) proteins of the group a streptococcal cell wall react with cultivated fibroblasts. these fibroblasts were explanted from human and guinea-pig lymphoid organs. the same reactions were observed with f(ab')2 fragments of igg obtained from antisera to nts-proteins. fractions containing nts-antigens inhibited these reactions. a possible role of the cross-reactive streptococcal ... | 1984 | 6391579 |
| characterization of a gene coding for a type iio bacterial igg-binding protein. | two antigenic classes of non-immune igg-binding proteins can be expressed by group a streptococci. one antigenic group of proteins is recognized by an antibody prepared against the product of a cloned fcra gene (anti-fcra). in this study, the immunogen used to prepare the antibody that defines the second antigenic class was shown to be the product of the emm-like (emml) gene of m serotype 55 group a isolate, a928. the emml55 gene expressed in e. coli produced an m(r) approximately 58,000 molecul ... | 1995 | 7643859 |
| m1 protein and protein h: iggfc- and albumin-binding streptococcal surface proteins encoded by adjacent genes. | m1 protein and protein h are surface proteins simultaneously present at the surface of certain strains of streptococcus pyogenes, important pathogenic bacteria in humans. the present study concerns the structure, protein-binding properties and relationship between these two molecules. the gene encoding m1 protein (emm1) was found immediately upstream of the protein h gene (sph). both genes were preceded by a promoter region. comparison of the sequences revealed a high degree of similarity in the ... | 1994 | 8010973 |
| adjuvant activity of the escherichia coli wf table l-form cytoplasmic membranes. | it was established that the stable e. coli wf+ l-form cytoplasmic membranes (cm) increase the antibody response in rabbit during experimental hyperimmunization with cells of streptococcus pyogenes a49 and proteus mirabilis d52. using the skin-induration test and the reaction for aggregation of macrophages in presence of homologous antigens it was established that cm increase the cell-mediated immunity of guinea-pigs to protein antigens of the same bacterial strains. | 1993 | 8511999 |
| pharmacologically active peptides in the blood and urine of animals infected with babesia rodhaini and other pathogenic organisms. | the blood and urine of mice and rats infected with babesia rodhaini contain substances which stimulate the isolated guinea-pig ileum and rat duodenum. the amount of active material excreted increases as the infection increases. the active substances are stable to boiling with hydrochloric acid but not with alkali; they pass through a cellophane membrane and are soluble in hot ethanol. they are destroyed rapidly by papain and less rapidly by chymotrypsin, but are unaffected by trypsin or pepsin. ... | 1960 | 13851100 |
| isolation of three antibacterial peptides from pig intestine: gastric inhibitory polypeptide (7-42), diazepam-binding inhibitor (32-86) and a novel factor, peptide 3910. | two antibacterial peptides, cecropin p1 and pr-39 (39-residue proline/arginine-rich peptide), from the upper part of pig small intestine have previously been isolated and characterized. we have now continued our search for antibacterial peptides in different side fractions generated during the isolation of intestinal hormones. starting from one such fraction and monitoring activity against bacillus megaterium, we isolated three homogeneous peptides by three consecutive chromatographic steps. ami ... | 1993 | 8375398 |
| nk-lysin, a novel effector peptide of cytotoxic t and nk cells. structure and cdna cloning of the porcine form, induction by interleukin 2, antibacterial and antitumour activity. | a 78 residue antimicrobial, basic peptide, nk-lysin, with three intrachain disulfide bonds was purified from pig small intestine and characterized. a corresponding clone was isolated from a porcine bone marrow cdna library. the 780 bp dna sequence had a reading frame of 129 amino acids which corresponded to nk-lysin. the clone was used to show that stimulation with human interleukin-2 induced synthesis of nk-lysin-specific mrna in a lymphocyte fraction enriched for t and nk cells. lower levels o ... | 1995 | 7737114 |
| [studies on the increased capillary permeability by the intracutaneous administration of peptidoglycan fraction extracted from group a streptococcal cell walls (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 7028780 |
| active non-specific immunotherapy of experimental tumours. | | 1980 | 6998756 |
| [study of cross reactions between group a streptococcal antigens and cardiac interstitial connective tissue fibroblasts of different species of mammals]. | it has been revealed by indirect immunofluorescence that sera of rabbits immunized with group a streptococcal non-type-specific antigens and f (ab')2 fragments of igg obtained from these sera intensively react with fibroblasts of interstitial connective tissue (ict) of the myocardium of humans and different mammalian species with the exception of rabbits. negative or weak reactions with the same sera and f (ab')2 fragments were observed with fibroblasts of ict of nonimmunized rabbits. myocardial ... | 1980 | 6994834 |
| fibrinogen-mediated adherence of group a streptococcus to influenza a virus-infected cell cultures. | a quantitative radioassay was used to study the adherence of group a streptococcus to madin-darby canine kidney cells infected with influenza a virus (strains fm1, jap 305, and nws) and reacted with fibrinogen. treatment of virus-infected cell cultures with human fibrinogen significantly enhanced streptococcal adherence (p less than 0.0005) compared with adherence to untreated, virus-infected cells and uninfected control cells. enhanced adherence was not seen with nws virus-infected cell culture ... | 1982 | 6754619 |
| demonstration of a receptor for mouse and human serum albumin in streptococcus pyogenes. | a new type of surface receptor for serum albumin was detected in strains of streptococcus pyogenes (group a). this receptor, called type e, was different from albumin receptors in other streptococcal species. only mouse and human serum albumin was bound to the receptor. the albumin-binding capacity was high: 2 x 10(8) bacterial organisms bound 11 micrograms of mouse albumin. the receptor was stable even when treated at 100 degrees c for 5 min. binding of albumin was not mediated by lipoteichoic ... | 1983 | 6324528 |
| microtechnique for serum opacity factor characterization of group a streptococci adaptable to the use of human sera. | we have developed a microtechnique for detection of streptococcal serum opacity factor (of) and for typing of group a streptococci by inhibition of of. this technique, which involves the use of single wells of standard 96-well tissue culture plates, offers several advantages over previous methods: no advance test preparation is required, allowing tests to be quickly and easily performed; only small quantities of reagents are required; results can be determined visually (qualitative) or by using ... | 1988 | 3053759 |
| isolation and characterization of type iia and type iib fc receptors from a group a streptococcus. | certain group a streptococcal strains have been reported to express two distinct type ii receptors that bind to the fc region of human igg. in this study, we have isolated and characterized these two type ii fc receptors and characterized their reactivity with differing species of igg. the type iia receptor was found to be a 56,000 molecular weight protein which binds human igg1, igg2 and igg4, in addition to pig and rabbit igg. the type iib receptor was found to be a 38,000 molecular weight pro ... | 1986 | 2947318 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of 20-deoxo-20-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)desmycosin (tilmicosin, el-870) and related cyclic amino derivatives. | a series of 20-deoxo-20-cyclic (alkylamino) derivatives of tylosin, desmycosin, macrocin and lactenocin was prepared by reductive amination of the c-20 aldehyde group. the majority of the compounds were prepared using metal hydrides (sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium borohydride) as the reducing agents and a suitable cyclic alkylamine. subsequently, a more convenient procedure was developed using formic acid as a reducing agent. the c-20 amino derivatives prepared from desmycosin exhibited good ... | 1989 | 2668243 |
| [of- and anti-of test systems in microbiological and epidemiologic practice]. | the possibilities of group a streptococcus typing are opened up, the microorganism being the causative agent of a highly prevalent infectious disease. the first soviet-made kit of immune anti-of sera for typing of-positive group a streptococci have been prepared. a possibility of preparing a human donor kit of anti-of sera is discussed. | 1989 | 2483011 |
| evidence for functional heterogeneity in igg fc-binding proteins associated with group a streptococci. | a number of group a streptococcal isolates have been compared for their nonimmune reactivity with each human igg subclass, and rabbit, pig, or horse igg. the results obtained demonstrate considerable heterogeneity in the expression of type ii igg-binding proteins among and within group a isolates. extraction and analysis of type ii igg-binding proteins from selected strains demonstrate the existence of five functionally distinct igg-binding proteins. the type iio igg binding protein displayed th ... | 1991 | 1991966 |
| immunogenicity in animals and man of a structurally defined polypeptide of streptococcal m protein. | | 1979 | 398625 |
| [autoantibodies to the common antigenic determinant of group a streptococcal polysaccharide and epithelial cells of mammalian thymus and skin]. | a cross-reactive (cr) antigenic determinant in the polysaccharide of group a streptococus and the mammalian thymus and skin was studied. the cr antigen was found in adult humans and human embryos irrespective of the blood group, as well as in the tissues of all the animal species studied, including rabbits immunized with streptococcus and producing antibodies to a polysaccharide. evidence was obtained that the antibodies elaborated to the cr determinant of polysaccharide a and of the tissue epi ... | 1976 | 59613 |
| [immunofluorescent study of antibodies to streptococcus group a polysaccharides in connective tissue sections]. | purified antibodies against a specific determinant of group a streptococcal polysaccharide were obtained. these antibodies were investigated by the immunofluorescent method on tissue sections of the heart and heart valves. no cross-reactions between group a streptococcal polysaccharide and mammalian connective tissue were revealed. | 1976 | 58683 |
| moonlighting glutamate formiminotransferases can functionally replace 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase. | 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-cho-thf) is formed by a side reaction of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. unlike other folates, it is not a one-carbon donor but a potent inhibitor of folate enzymes and must therefore be metabolized. only 5-cho-thf cycloligase (5-fcl) is generally considered to do this. however, comparative genomic analysis indicated (i) that certain prokaryotes lack 5-fcl, implying that they have an alternative 5-cho-thf-metabolizing enzyme, and (ii) that the histidine breakdown enz ... | 2010 | 20952389 |
| biological relationships of diplococcus intracellularis and gonococcus. | the most marked differences, exclusive of pathogenic effects in man, between gonococcus and diplococcus intracellulans are cultural ones, and consist chiefly in abundance of growth and choice of medium. relatively larger doses of gonococci than of diplococci are required to kill young guinea-pigs, but the lesions are very similar in the two cases, and both organisms lose pathogenic power rapidly when cultivated artificially. agglutinins, aggressins, protective power, and the amboceptors develope ... | 1907 | 19867113 |
| management of human and animal bite wound infection: an overview. | animal and human bite wounds can lead to serious infections. the organisms recovered generally originate from the biter's oral cavity and the victim's skin flora. anaerobes were isolated from more than two thirds of human and animal bite infections. streptococcus pyogenes is often recovered in human bites, pasteurella multocida in animal bites, eikenella corrodens in animal and human, capnocytophaga spp, neisseria weaveri, weeksella zoohelcum, neisseria canis, staphylococcus intermedius, nonoxid ... | 2009 | 19698283 |
| expression of an additional cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide protects against bacterial skin infection. | cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides are effectors of innate immune defense in mammals. humans and mice have only one cathelicidin gene, whereas domesticated mammals such as the pig, cow, and horse have multiple cathelicidin genes. we hypothesized that the evolution of multiple cathelicidin genes provides these animals with enhanced resistance to infection. to test this, we investigated the effects of the addition of cathelicidins by combining synthetic cathelicidin peptides in vitro, by producin ... | 2005 | 15728389 |
| [bronchoalveolar lavage on pig breeding farms]. | in 182 pigs lung lavage was performed using a endotracheal tube and a catheter. the collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) was examined microbiologically. with decreasing numbers alpha-hämolytic streptococci, bordetella bronchiseptica, haemophilus parasuis, pasteurella multocida were cultured. actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was isolated from 3 balfs. in one farm piglets were lavaged routinely for monitoring of the lung health status. | 1997 | 9410726 |
| synthesis and antibacterial action of cecropin and proline-arginine-rich peptides from pig intestine. | two antimicrobial peptides, cecropin p1 (cp1), with a c-terminal carboxyl group, and pr-39, with an amidated, c-terminus, are found in the small intestine of the pig. each is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. we have synthesized these peptides and several analogs, including the d-enantiomers and the retro sequences, each with a free or acetylated amino terminus. the cp1 amide was also prepared. the retro cp1 peptides were much less active than the parent cp1 peptide, ... | 1997 | 9128101 |