| infection of pigs in ireland with lymphotropic gamma-herpesviruses and relationship to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | three species of porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (plhvs) have been described but there are few reports on the distribution and prevalence of these viruses in domestic pigs. we aimed to determine the plhv status of irish commercial pig herds, and to this end spleens taken from 110 healthy adult pigs sourced from 22 geographically distributed farms in ireland were analysed for plhv dna using novel species-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. we now report that plhv infection is widespread ... | 2006 | 16672182 |
| [monitoring of infectious diseases among wild boars]. | sixty-seven serum samples and 43 pathological material samples from wild boars, taken in 5 regions of russia and in the kharkov region of the ukraine in 2002 to 2005 were studied. wild boars in some regions of russia were shown to be carriers of aujeszky's disease virus, porcine parvovirus, porcine circovirus type 2, lymphotropic herpesvirus-1, porcine cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. the classical swine fever (csf) virus genome was detected by polymerase chai ... | 2007 | 17601049 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) viral components immunomodulate recall antigen responses. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a single-stranded circular dna virus infecting domestic pigs worldwide. interaction of this virus with the immune system apparently modulates the immune response of the host. in the present study, the implication of different components of pcv2 in the modulation of the immune response of the host were investigated by using pcv2 viral-like particles (vlps) and 16 novel oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg-odns) based on the pcv2 genomic sequence ... | 2008 | 18304652 |
| qualitative and quantitative distribution of pcv2 in wild boars and domestic pigs in germany. | porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), has been detected in north american and european wild boars at prevalences arguing for high circulation rates among populations. systematic data on the qualitative distribution of pcv2 infections and on pcvd (pcv2 diseases) in wild boars are rare, however, and quantitative data about viral loads are missing. to be able to judge the pcv2/pcvd situation in wild boars, evaluation of the nationwide ... | 2010 | 20346600 |
| porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) increases the expression of endothelial adhesion/junction molecules. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus disease, a complex multisystem syndrome in domestic pigs. despite the significant economic losses caused by porcine circovirus disease, the mechanisms of pathogenesis underlying the clinical findings remain largely unclear. as various reports have highlighted the potential key role of vascular lesions in the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus disease, the aim of this work was to investigate effects of pcv2 infe ... | 2016 | 27522934 |
| effect of natural or vaccine-induced porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) immunity on fetal infection after artificial insemination with pcv2 spiked semen. | the objectives of this study were to determine if vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) or previous pcv2 infection of the dam are sufficient to prevent fetal infection when dams are artificially inseminated with pcv2-spiked semen. nine sows (sus domestica) were allocated into three groups of three dams each: the pcv2 naïve negative control group 1 was artificially inseminated with extended pcv2 dna negative semen during estrus, whereas the extended semen used in the vaccinated gro ... | 2009 | 19559470 |
| development of two trichoplusia ni larvae-derived elisas for the detection of antibodies against replicase and capsid proteins of porcine circovirus type 2 in domestic pigs. | the main aim of the present study was to describe new methods for the identification of antibodies against the pcv2 capsid (cap) and replicase (rep) proteins in pig sera. specifically, two new indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were developed based on recombinant pcv2 cap (rcap) and rep/rep' (rrep) proteins expressed in baculovirus and produced in trichoplusia ni insect larvae. both assays were validated by testing serum samples in a longitudinal study of 107 animals with differ ... | 2008 | 18773923 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 antibody detection in backyard pigs from mexico city. | pcv2 antibodies have been found in pigs from all continents. however, this finding has been mainly studied in domestic swine reared under intensive production conditions. mexico city, with a human population over 19 million in 2005, has both urban and rural areas. the pig production in its rural area is based on small family backyard farms. taking into account this rather unique form of rearing pigs, the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence in backyard pigs from the rural ... | 2007 | 17157886 |
| porcine circovirus diseases. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a member of the family circoviridae, a recently established virus family composed of small, non-enveloped viruses, with a circular, single-stranded dna genome. pcv2, which is found all over the world in the domestic pig and probably the wild boar, has been recently associated with a number of disease syndromes, which have been collectively named porcine circovirus diseases (pcvd). postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), porcine dermatitis and nephro ... | 2005 | 16583778 |
| detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) in pigs from croatia. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) from the circoviridae family has recently been associated with two serious diseases of swine, post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (pdns). during 2002, several outbreaks of clinical disease in pigs with weights ranging from 10 to 70 kg occurred on four farms in different locations in croatia. the signs were consistent with pmws and pdns. apart from progressive weight loss, pneumonia and/or diarrhoea, m ... | 2004 | 15196907 |
| epidemiological study on porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection in the european wild boar (sus scrofa). | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is considered as the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in domestic pigs, where the virus is ubiquitous as evidenced by serological surveys. we present the results of the first nationwide sero-survey on the presence of pcv2 antibodies in european wild boars, and report the first pmws case in a wild boar from spain. sera from 656 hunter harvested wild boars from 45 different geographical sites and 22 additional imported animals we ... | 2004 | 15099500 |
| [case report: porcine circovirus type 2 infection in an european wild boar (sus scrofa) in the state of brandenburg, germany]. | this case represents the first case of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2)--infection in a free living european wild boar associated with morphological lesions, which are regarded as characteristic for postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in domestic pigs. the animal, an approximately 10 month old male, was found dead in a rural area within the state of brandenburg, germany. the closest commercial pig farm is located in 3 km distance from the spot where the carcass was found. at necro ... | 2003 | 14650740 |
| porcine circovirus 2-associated disease in eurasian wild boar. | porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) was first identified in high-health herds of domestic swine and was associated with a debilitating disease called postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). most subsequent studies have indicated that pcv2 infects only swine but there is little information on porcids other than improved breeds of domestic swine. multisystemic disease was reported in a group of eurasian wild boars raised under free-range conditions. affected young pigs had pneumonia and enterit ... | 2003 | 12918819 |
| prevalence of and risk factors associated with viral and bacterial pathogens in farmed european wild boar. | the aim of this study was to estimate in farmed european wild boars the prevalence of and risk factors associated with a range of common porcine viral and bacterial infections, namely, porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), swine influenza virus (siv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), coronavirus causing transmissible gastroenteritis (tgev), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), m ... | 2012 | 22516920 |
| a serosurvey for brucella suis, classical swine fever virus, porcine circovirus type 2, and pseudorabies virus in feral swine (sus scrofa) of eastern north carolina. | as feral swine (sus scrofa) populations expand their range and the opportunity for feral swine hunting increases, there is increased potential for disease transmission that may impact humans, domestic swine, and wildlife. from september 2007 to march 2010, in 13 north carolina, usa, counties and at howell woods environmental learning center, we conducted a serosurvey of feral swine for brucella suis, pseudorabies virus (prv), and classical swine fever virus (csfv); the samples obtained at howell ... | 2012 | 22493123 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) evolution before and after the vaccination introduction: a large scale epidemiological study. | since their commercialization, vaccines against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) have been the cornerstone control strategy. nevertheless, the periodic emergence of new genotype waves and the recent reports of vaccine failure outbreaks have raised the question if widespread vaccination strategies could have driven viral evolution and affected different genotype fitness. to investigate this issue an in-deep analysis, based on a bioinformatics and biostatistics approach, has been implemented. orf2 ... | 2016 | 27991573 |
| exposure of feral swine (sus scrofa) in the united states to selected pathogens. | feral swine (sus scrofa) are widely distributed in the united states. in 2011 and 2012, serum samples and tonsils were recovered from 162 and 37 feral swine, respectively, in the us to evaluate exposure to important swine endemic pathogens. antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) were found in 2.5% and 25.3% of tested sera, respectively. positive serological reactions against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus p ... | 0 | 25673913 |
| porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 infections in wild boar (sus scrofa) in southwestern germany. | samples were collected from 203 wild boars (sus scrofa) hunted in baden-wurtemburg, germany from november-january 2008 and 2009. samples from the lung and tonsil were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) type 1 (european type) and type 2 (american type). a qpcr to detect porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2)-specific genome was performed on tissue homogenates including lung, tonsils, and inguinal lymph nodes. serum s ... | 2012 | 22247377 |
| prevalence of antibodies to selected viral pathogens in wild boars (sus scrofa) in croatia in 2005-06 and 2009-10. | we determined prevalence of antibody to selected viral pathogens important for domestic pigs and livestock in 556 wild boar (sus scrofa) sera collected during 2005-06 and 2009-10 in four counties in croatia. these counties account for an important part of the croatian commercial pig production and have a high density of wild boars. samples were tested for antibodies to porcine parvovirus (ppv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), swine influenza virus, porcine respi ... | 2012 | 22247381 |
| molecular study of porcine circovirus type 2 circulating in portugal. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) belongs to the genus circovirus of the circoviridae family and has been associated with a disease named postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). in portugal the disease caused severe problems mainly between 1995 and 2003, but is nowadays less evident probably as the result of vaccination programmes initiated in 2007. this study reports the molecular analysis of 22 pcv2 strains obtained from domestic pigs originated from different regions of portugal. on ... | 2011 | 21925289 |
| an elisa based on a truncated soluble orf2 protein for the detection of pcv2 antibodies in domestic pigs. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) is an important swine disease that is closely associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2). the capsid protein (cap protein) is a major structural protein that has at least three immunoreactive regions, and it can be a suitable candidate antigen for detecting the specific antibodies of a pcv2 infection. in the present study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (tcelisa) based on a truncated soluble cap protein produced in escherichi ... | 2010 | 20960293 |
| distribution of orf2 and orf3 genotypes of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) in wild boars and domestic pigs in germany. | porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2), the essential infectious agent in pcvd (porcine circovirus diseases) circulates at high rates among domestic pig and wild boar populations. wild boars may be viremic and shed the virus with excretions and secretions, and thus serve as a reservoir for domestic pig pcv-2 infection. we hypothesize that pcv-2 strains circulating in wild boars and in domestic pigs are significantly different and thus, partially independent. to prove this hypothesis, the present study inv ... | 2010 | 20869816 |
| detection and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 2 isolates from the first cases of postweaning multisystemic and wasting syndrome in wild boars in greece. | in 2002, postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) was diagnosed in a european female wild boar (sus scrofa), based on the detection of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) dna in various organs, including the uterus, and on histopathologic lesions. this is the first detection of pcv2 dna in the uterus of a wild boar. three years later (2005), a wild boar < 6-8 mo of age was found moribund. it presented wasting and dyspnea and finally died. pcv2 dna was detected in tissue samples, and histopathol ... | 2008 | 18957642 |
| comparative genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 samples from german wild boar populations. | pcv-2 is involved in "postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome" (pmws), "porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome" (pdns), respiratory and reproductive disorders, and thereby plays a crucial role in today's swine production world-wide. the virus is apparently ubiquitous in domestic pigs and has also been demonstrated in wild pigs. up to now, a characterization of pcv-2 samples from wild pigs, which might help to estimate the possible role of wild pigs as sources of domestic pig infection, h ... | 2005 | 16023798 |
| detection of porcine circovirus type 2 and its association with pmws in wild boars and domestic pigs in germany: a histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular biological study. | beside domestic pigs wild boars can also be affected by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). for the first time a nationwide survey of wild boars (n = 356) and domestic pigs (n = 340) was carried out in germany by histopathology, immunohistochemistry (ihc) and quantitative pcr (qpcr). whereas 102/340 domestic pigs were immunoreactive for pcv2 antigen in at least one examined tissue, only 8/356 wild boars reacted positively. similar findings could be found in qpcr: all domestic pigs ... | 2015 | 26054225 |
| development of real-time pcr assay for detection of porcine circovirus-like virus p1 in domestic pigs in china. | the porcine circovirus-like agent p1 is a newly discovered dna virus with a single-stranded circular genome that is highly homologous to that of porcine circovirus type 2. p1 infection can cause symptoms resembling postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. this study aims to develop a rapid, sensitive and specific method to detect p1. | 2015 | 26404908 |
| latent porcine circovirus type 2-infected domestic pigs: a potential infection model for the effective development of vaccines against latent or chronic virus induced diseases. | until recently, knowledge of the pathogenicity of circoviridae and anelloviridae family members was limited. our previous discoveries provided clues toward resolving this issue based on studies of the latent nature of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) genotype group members. we developed a conventional pig infection model that indicated that weaners already harbored latent pcv2 infection in the thymus, which enabled the viruses to specifically modulate the maturation of t-helper cells. this findi ... | 2016 | 26795369 |
| [detection of salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf in a fattening pig with septicaemic salmonellosis. a case report]. | the present case reports the detection of salmonella (s.) choleraesuis var. kunzendorf and porcine circovirus type 2 in an organic fattening pig suffering from septicaemic salmonellosis and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. six weeks after pigs had been housed in an organic fattening farm, an increase in mortality, diarrhea and coughing was observed. in recent years, s. choleraesuis var. kunzendorf has been frequently detected in wild boars in germany, whereas the same serovar did not ... | 2016 | 27808343 |
| genetic characterisation of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) strains from feral pigs in the brazilian pantanal: an opportunity to reconstruct the history of pcv2 evolution. | since its discovery, porcine circovirus type 2 has emerged as one of the most relevant swine infectious diseases, causing relevant economic losses for the pig industry. while four genotypes were identified, only three (pcv2a, pcv2b and pcv2d) are currently circulating and display a worldwide distribution. another genotype, pcv2c, has been described only once in danish archive samples collected between 1980 and 1990. in addition to commercial pigs, pcv2 has been demonstrated to infect wild boars ... | 2015 | 25975522 |
| characterization of porcine parvovirus type 3 and porcine circovirus type 2 in wild boars (sus scrofa) in slovakia. | as the number of free-living wild boars (sus scrofa l.) continues to rise in slovakia, the probability of pathogen transmission between susceptible species increases. we investigated the distribution and genetic characterization of porcine parvovirus type 3 (ppv3), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), and their coinfection in wild boars. among 194 animals tested, 19.1% were positive for ppv3 and 43.8% for pcv2. similar rates of coinfection with both viruses reaching 11.0% and 11.8% were observed in ... | 2015 | 25973618 |
| phylogenetic comparison of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) strains detected in domestic pigs until 2008 and in 2012 in croatia. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) have been present for the last 2 decades in croatia, causing large economical losses in the pig production. the clinical features of the infections are mostly manifested by the development of respiratory problems, weight loss and poor growth performance, as well as reproductive failure in pregnant sows. even though the infections are continuously recognized in some regions in croatia, the heterogenei ... | 2014 | 24839544 |
| current state of knowledge on porcine circovirus type 2-associated lesions. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), a small single-stranded dna virus, was initially discovered in 1998 and is highly prevalent in the domestic pig population. disease manifestations associated with pcv2 include postweaning multisystemic wasting disease (pmws), enteric disease, respiratory disease, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (pdns), and reproductive failure. although these clinical manifestations involve different organ systems, there is considerable overlap in clinical expression ... | 2013 | 22692624 |
| detection of natural inter- and intra-genotype recombination events revealed by cap gene analysis and decreasing prevalence of pcv2 in wild boars. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), the causative agent of a number of pcvad (porcine circovirus associated diseases), is ubiquitous in domestic pig and wild boar populations. in the present study, using recombination detection program, phylogenetic analysis and base-by-base comparison of 28 pcv2 orf2s (capsid protein coding gene) from wild boars and 8 from domestic pigs of transylvania, recent natural intra- (pcv2b-1b/pcv2b-1c) and inter-genotype (pcv2a-2d/pcv2b-1c) recombination events were dete ... | 2012 | 22293465 |
| survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (sus scrofa) from guam, marianna islands, usa. | pigs (sus scrofa) were introduced to guam in the 1600's and are now present in high densities throughout the island. wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. the close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent oppo ... | 2017 | 28622856 |
| prevalence of emerging porcine parvoviruses and their co-infections with porcine circovirus type 2 in china. | a total of 450 samples from domestic pigs in china were tested for porcine parvoviruses (ppvs) and co-infections with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), and their complete capsid genes were sequenced. the prevalence of ppv1, ppv2, ppv3, ppv4, and pcv2 was 5.56 %, 39.56 %, 45.11 %, 21.56 %, and 47.33 %, respectively, and co-infection with pcv2 occurred in 4 % (ppv1), 22.44 % (ppv2), 24 % (ppv3), and 12 % (ppv4) of the samples. phylogenetic analysis revealed two main lineages for each virus, and re ... | 2015 | 25742931 |
| impact of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccination on boar semen quality and quantity using two different vaccines. | porcine circovirus type-2 (pcv2) is widespread in domestic pig populations. it can be shed with boar semen, but the role boars have in epidemiology is still unclear. vaccinating boars against pcv2 can reduce disease and virus load in semen, but may have unwanted side effects, that is, impairment of spermatogenesis. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect and impact of two different pcv2 vaccines on boar semen quality and quantity. healthy normospermic large white boars in ... | 2014 | 24954420 |
| origin of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) from swine affected by pcv2-associated diseases in croatia. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) causes some of the most significant economic losses in pig production. several multisystemic syndromes have been attributed to pcv2 infection, which are known as pcv2-associated diseases (pcvds). this study investigated the origin and evolution of pcv2 sequences in domestic pigs and wild boars affected by pcvds in croatia. viral sequences were recovered from three wild boars diagnosed with pcv2-systemic disease (pcv2-sd), 63 fetuses positive for pcv2 dna as deter ... | 2014 | 24591478 |
| genetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in the korean wild boar population. | the porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) has reached very high levels in the pig population in south korea and throughout the world since it was first described in the late 1990s. in this study, we found that the prevalence of pcv2 in the korean wild boar population was 4.98% (91/1825). interestingly, 19 pcv2 orf2 sequences that could be completely sequenced showed that they belonged only to genotype pcv2b, subgroup 1a/b (n=16) and 1c (n=3). we suggest that sites potentially under positive selection ... | 2014 | 24480584 |
| detection of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) antibodies in meat juice samples from polish wild boar (sus scrofa l.). | pcv2 and prrsv are two important pathogens of domestic swine. there is considerable evidence that the infection is also present in wild boars. meat juice provides an alternative to serum for antibody testing, and it has been used in testing for many important porcine infectious diseases. samples of brachial muscle were collected from 142 wild boars shot in different regions of poland during the 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 hunting seasons. meat juice harvested from muscle samples was tested using an ... | 2013 | 23974935 |
| torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) in tissues of pigs and its relation with the occurrence of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | torque teno sus virus (ttsuv) is a member of the recently created family anelloviridae. two distinct species of ttsuvs, 1 (ttsuv1) and 2 (ttsuv2) have been reported so far in domestic pigs and wild boars. although ttsuvs have not been clearly linked to any specific disease of pigs, a relation between ttsuv infections and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) has been suggested. to examine further this possibility, the present study was conducted in search for ttsuv1 and ttsuv2 genome ... | 2013 | 23783757 |
| prevalence of porcine hokovirus and its co-infection with porcine circovirus 2 in china. | here, we report the frequency of porcine hokovirus (phov) infection and its co-infection with porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) in china. a total of 485 domestic pig samples were tested for both phov and pcv2, and ns1 gene sequences from 11 phov strains were used for phylogenetic analysis. the prevalence of phov and pcv2 was 51.3 % and 36.3 %, respectively, and co-infection occurred in 20.2 %. phovs from the chinese mainland showed a close relationship to those isolated in hong kong. co-infection with ... | 2013 | 23558802 |
| presence of torque teno sus virus in porcine circovirus type 2-associated disease in croatia. | torque teno virus (ttv) is ubiquitous and species-specific, and two different ttv species, torque teno sus virus 1 (ttsuv1) and torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2), have been described in domestic pigs and wild boars. whether these two species are involved in clinical cases of porcine circovirus type 2-associated disease (pcvds) remains unknown. this study investigates the presence of ttsuv in 85 fetuses, pigs and wild boars infected by pcv2 and affected by pcvds other than postweaning multisystemi ... | 2012 | 23104589 |
| study of the genetic variability of porcine circovirus type 2 detected in serbia and slovenia. | recent variants of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) were obtained from tissues of domestic pigs with porcine circovirus associated disease and from randomly selected wild boar samples from serbia and slovenia. a 450-base-pair nucleotide sequence was obtained by pcr from the orf2. the derived nucleotide and amino acid sequences were aligned and compared to the corresponding region of closely related pcv2 sequences determined in previous years and retrieved from the genbank. the 30 serbian and 17 ... | 2012 | 22903085 |
| prevalence of infection and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) in wild boar (sus scrofa) in poland. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a widespread, important pathogen of domestic swine and the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome and other diseases and conditions referred to as "porcine circovirus diseases." specific antibodies and dna to pcv2 have also been detected in european wild boars and north american feral pigs. we collected 312 tonsil samples from wild boars shot in 13 of 16 districts of poland, and tested them for pcv2 dna using a real-time pcr. we detected ... | 2012 | 22740527 |
| genetic and immunogenicity analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 strains isolated in central china. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is an economically important pathogen in domestic pigs and wild boars all around the world. to understand the molecular epidemiology of pcv2 strains circulating in central china and to provide a potential vaccine candidate strain, we analyzed the genetic variations of 46 pcv2 isolates circulating from 2009 to 2016 in henan province (24 detected in the field from 2009-2013 and 22 from 2013-2016) and evaluated the efficacy of an isolate as a vaccine candidate strai ... | 2018 | 29305646 |
| molecular study of porcine circovirus type 2 in wild boars and domestic pigs in uruguay from 2010 to 2014: predominance of recombinant circulating strains. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a worldwide distributed pathogen and one of the most economically relevant swine infections. four genotypes have been recognized and it is well known that pcv2a, pcv2b and pcv2d have a global distribution. however, the information about recombinant strains circulation and their influence in driving pcv2 evolution is a poorly studied area. in uruguay, pcv2 associated symptoms began to be frequently observed in pigs from different farms since 2010. the main purp ... | 2017 | 28964894 |
| multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for the differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 and 3. | a multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mqpcr) assay was developed for the rapid and differential detection of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and pcv3. each of the capsid genes of pcv2 and pcv3 were amplified using specific primers and probe sets, while no other porcine pathogen genes were detected. limit of detection of the assay was below 50 copies of the target genes of pcv2 and pcv3, and was comparable to that of previously described methods the assay showed high repeatabi ... | 2017 | 28941615 |
| a serologic survey of pathogens in wild boar ( sus scrofa) in sweden. | the wild boar ( sus scrofa) population has increased markedly during the last three decades in sweden and in other parts of europe. this population growth may lead to increased contact between the wild boar and the domestic pig ( sus scrofa scrofa), increasing the risk of transmission of pathogens. the objective of our study was to estimate the seroprevalence of selective pathogens, known to be shared between wild boars and domestic pigs in europe, in three wild boar populations in sweden. in to ... | 2018 | 29377751 |