| transmission of babesia odocoilei in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) by ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae). | laboratory reared ixodes scapularis proved to be an efficient vector of babesia odocoilei emerson and wright between white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). transtadial survival of the babesia occurred between nymph and adult stages of the tick, and the adult stage transmitted the babesia. | 1990 | 2388362 |
| relatively low prevalence of babesia microti and anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodes scapularis ticks collected in the lehigh valley region of eastern pennsylvania. | several human pathogens are transmitted by the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis. these include the spirochetes that cause lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) which is endemic to the lehigh valley region of eastern pennsylvania. emerging and currently rare tick-borne diseases have been of increasing concern in this region, including tick-borne relapsing fever (caused by borrelia miyamotoi), human granulocytic anaplasmosis (caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum), and human babesiosis (caused by b ... | 2015 | 26318263 |
| infection and co-infection rates of anaplasma phagocytophilum variants, babesia spp., borrelia burgdorferi, and the rickettsial endosymbiont in ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) from sites in indiana, maine, pennsylvania, and wisconsin. | in total, 394 questing adult blacklegged ticks, ixodes scapularis say (acari: ixodidae), collected at four sites were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for five microbial species: anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia microti, babesia odocoilei, borrelia burgdorferi, and the rickettsial i. scapularis endosymbiont. identities of genetic variants of a. phagocytophilum were determined by sequencing a portion of the 16s dna. in 55% of infected ticks (193/351), a single agent was detected. in ... | 2008 | 18402145 |
| quantitative pcr for detection of babesia microti in ixodes scapularis ticks and in human blood. | babesia microti, the primary cause of human babesiosis in the united states, is transmitted by ixodes scapularis ticks; transmission may also occur through blood transfusion and transplacentally. most infected people experience a viral-like illness that resolves without complication, but those who are immunocompromised may develop a serious and prolonged illness that is sometimes fatal. the geographic expansion and increasing incidence of human babesiosis in the northeastern and midwestern unite ... | 2013 | 24107203 |
| increased diversity of zoonotic pathogens and borrelia burgdorferi strains in established versus incipient ixodes scapularis populations across the midwestern united states. | the center of origin theory predicts that genetic diversity will be greatest near a specie's geographic origin because of the length of time for evolution. by corollary, diversity will decrease with distance from the origin; furthermore, invasion and colonization are frequently associated with founder effects that reduce genetic variation in incipient populations. the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis, harbors a suite of zoonotic pathogens, and the geographic range of the tick is expanding in ... | 2014 | 24953506 |
| environmental investigation following the first human case of babesiosis in tennessee. | babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic disease in the united states caused by babesia parasites. in 2009, the first case of babesiosis was documented in tennessee. environmental investigation at the reported site of tick exposure included collection of ticks and specimens from eastern cottontail rabbits (sylvilagus floridanus) and white-tailed deer ( odocoileus virginianus ) that were tested for piroplasms by molecular and serologic methods. one hundred and sixty-six ixodes scapularis tic ... | 2014 | 23971411 |
| new ruminant hosts and wider geographic range identified for babesia odocoilei (emerson and wright 1970). | babesia odocoilei was found to infect two previously unknown host species, desert bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis nelsoni) and musk oxen (ovibos moschatus), both of which are members of the family bovidae. previously, b. odocoilei has been reported in only cervidae hosts. new geographic regions where b. odocoilei infections have not been reported previously include pennsylvania and new york, where fatal babesiosis has occurred in reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus); new hampshire, where elk (ce ... | 2005 | 16456156 |
| monthly incidence of theileria cervi and seroconversion to babesia odocoilei in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in texas. | monthly monitoring of fawns collected from an area in texas endemic for theileria cervi and babesia odocoilei showed that transmission of t. cervi occurred during july and august, a time period consistent with the occurrence of amblyomma americanum. seroconversion to b. odocoilei occurred during october to december and possibly continued through january and february. the time of seroconversion was more suggestive of transmission of b. odocoilei by ixodes scapularis than by amblyomma americanum. | 1992 | 1512881 |
| ixodes (ixodes) scapularis (acari:ixodidae): redescription of all active stages, distribution, hosts, geographical variation, and medical and veterinary importance. | the blacklegged tick, ixodes (ixodes) scapularis say, 1821, is redescribed, based on laboratory reared specimens originating in bulloch county, georgia. information on distribution, host associations, morphological variation, and medical/veterinary importance is also presented. a great deal of recent work has focused on this species because it is the principal vector of the agent of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi johnson, schmidt, hyde, steigerwaldt & brenner) in eastern north america. its d ... | 1996 | 8667375 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia odocoilei dna in ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) collected in indiana. | the blacklegged tick, ixodes scapularis say, first reported in indiana in 1987, has now been detected in more than half of indiana's counties. the first case of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (human anaplasmosis) in indiana was reported in 2002. we now report the detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and babesia odocoilei (emerson and wright 1968) in i. scapularis ticks collected in northern indiana. using polymerase chain reaction analysis, 41 of 193 adult ticks (21.2%) collected from deer we ... | 2006 | 16619631 |