| the replicon of the cryptic plasmid psbo1 isolated from streptococcus bovis jb1. | the cryptic plasmid psbo1 (3904 bp) was isolated from streptococcus bovis jb1. psbo1 contained an open reading frame (orf) that is homologous to sequences encoding the replication protein (rep) in pefc1 (isolated from enterococcus faecalis), psk639 (staphylococcus epidermidis), pla103 (lactobacillus acidophilus), and pucl287 (tetragenococcus halophila). in addition, four 22-bp direct repeats (drs) were located upstream of the putative replication gene (rep) of psbo1. recombinant plasmids (psbe10 ... | 2001 | 11375657 |
| a comparison of the adhesion of mammalian cells and staphylococcus epidermidis on fibronectin-modified polymer surfaces. | the modification of polymer surfaces to mimic the extracellular matrix, and therefore, stimulate cell growth via receptor-mediated interactions, is one approach used to promote the integration of tissue-engineering scaffolds and biomaterials into the body. however, by optimizing surfaces for tissue integration it is likely that bacterial adhesion may also be affected, resulting in a greater risk of biomaterial-related infection. this could be detrimental to both the implant and the patient becau ... | 2001 | 11340592 |
| ultrastructural organization and regulation of a biomaterial adhesin of staphylococcus epidermidis. | coagulase-negative staphylococci have emerged as important pathogens in infections associated with intravascular devices. microbial adherence to biomaterial surfaces is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of these infections. staphylococcal surface proteins (herein referred to as ssp-1 and ssp-2) are involved in the attachment of staphylococcus epidermidis 354 to polystyrene. in the present study we show that the adhesin protrudes from the cell surface as a fimbria-like polymer. furthermore, in v ... | 1996 | 8550477 |
| selective growth of staphylococcus aureus from flushed dairy manure wastewater using acriflavine-supplemented mannitol salt agar. | to investigate the use of mannitol salt agar (msa) supplemented with acriflavine for selective growth and quantification of staphylococcus aureus from flushed dairy manure wastewater (fdmw). | 2006 | 16706900 |
| role of an intramammary device in protection against experimentally induced staphylococcal mastitis in ewes. | an intramammary device (imd) was adapted for use in ewes; this device was made of abraded polyethylene material (1.7 mm in diameter, 47 mm long) and formed a 15-mm-diameter loop in the gland cistern. the imd was inserted in 1 gland in each of 43 ewes. a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in milk somatic cell count (scc) was observed in glands provided with an imd. this increase was attributable to an increase in neutrophil numbers and was observed during the first 12 weeks after insertion. the im ... | 1993 | 8317765 |
| bacterial adherence to surgical sutures: can antibacterial-coated sutures reduce the risk of microbial contamination? | surgical site infections are associated with severe morbidity and mortality. the role of surgical sutures in the etiology of surgical site infection has been the objective of discussion for decades. this study used a standardized in vitro microbiologic model to assess bacterial adherence and the antibacterial activity of a triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 (braided) suture against selected gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates that may infect surgical wounds. | 2006 | 17000391 |
| early adhesion of bacteremic strains of staphylococcus epidermidis to polystyrene: influence of hydrophobicity, slime production, plasma, albumin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin. | twenty bacteremic strains of staphylococcus epidermidis were characterized according to their hydrophobicity, their ability to produce slime, and their in vitro adhesion to polystyrene microtiter plates precoated or not with plasma proteins. four strains of staphylococcus aureus were also tested for adhesion. slime production in s. epidermidis was not correlated with initial adhesion, whether measured qualitatively or by a quantitative method. hydrophobicity (xylene:water partition) was well cor ... | 1994 | 8195675 |
| protective effect in the lactating bovine mammary gland induced by coagulase-negative staphylococci against experimental staphylococcus aureus infections. | the susceptibility of quarters preinfected either experimentally with staphylococcus epidermidis or staphylococcus xylosus or naturally by other coagulase-negative staphylococci was measured after challenge with two different strains of staphylococcus aureus. the proportion of infected control quarters (95%) was raised significantly higher than that of those preinfected by the coagulase-negative staphylococci (24.5%). differences were observed in the frequency of superinfection of the quarters a ... | 1980 | 7337390 |
| evidence of cytocidal effects of pasteurella haemolytica on bovine peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. | pasteurella haemolytica had a pronounced cytocidal effect on bovine mononuclear leukocytes. mononuclear leukocytes separated from venous blood on ficoll-diatrizoate and incubated with either p haemolytica or escherichia coli showed a significantly greater percentage cell death than did cells incubated with staphylococcus epidermidis or controls. neither heat-killed nor x-irradiated p haemolytica caused a significant percentage cell death. the cytotoxic potential of p haemolytica was dose related ... | 1980 | 7013577 |
| [intrauterine bacterial and mycotic infections in cows]. | bacteriologic, mycologic, and serologic investigations of cows and calves and three experiments with rabbits were carried out to shed light on the bacteriology and mycology of the intrauterine infections in cows. the following organisms were isolated from the investigated cows that exhibited disturbances in their reproduction, and had abortions, or gave birth to calves that were affected with diseases or died: escherichia coli (17.84%), association of bacteria (7.64%); vibrio genitalis (3.86%); ... | 1983 | 6880018 |
| intramammary inoculation of the dairy cow with staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis during the nonlactating period. | the susceptibility of nonlactating mammary glands to intramammary inoculation with staphylococci was determined. susceptibility was determined by inoculation of bacteria through the teat canal directly into the gland sinus. in experiment 1, staphylococcus aureus (newbould 305, atcc 29740) was inoculated into glands at various intervals throughout the nonlactating period. during the first month, 35 of 52 inoculated glands became infected (67.3%). during the month before parturition when 37 glands ... | 1983 | 6830013 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococcus species isolated from bovine milk. | coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cns) isolates (n=168) obtained from milk from heifers and dairy cows were screened for minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) to antimicrobials used commonly for mastitis therapy. of the 10 cns species included in the study, the predominant species were staphylococcus chromogenes (n=61), staphylococcus epidermidis (n=37), staphylococcus hyicus (n=37), and staphylococcus simulans (n=16). the majority of cns was susceptible to ampicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, ... | 2009 | 18950969 |
| staphylococcal capsular vaccine for preventing mastitis in two herds in georgia. | an encapsulated staphylococcal vaccine, consisting of heat-killed capsular-type a and b staphylococcus aureus strains and capsular polysaccharide extracted from strain atcc 31432 of staphylococcus epidermidis, was used to control bovine mastitis in two herds in georgia. the vaccine was administered intramuscularly into 97 and 125 cows in the herds, and equal numbers of animals were controls. two weeks after primary vaccination a booster injection was given. no side effects were observed. in one ... | 1984 | 6715638 |
| effects of antibiotic treatment of nonlactating dairy cows on antibiotic resistance patterns of bovine mastitis pathogens. | antibiotic resistance patterns of the major groups of bovine mastitis pathogens (streptococcus agalactiae, other streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis) were examined by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 13 different antibiotics against bacterial isolates from dairy cattle. the bacterial strains were obtained from milk samples from each cow in 21 new york state dairy herd surveys. in 12 herd surveys (high antibiotic-use group), all 365 cows re ... | 1983 | 6660851 |
| purification, composition, and activity of two bactenecins, antibacterial peptides of bovine neutrophils. | extracts of granules of bovine neutrophils are known to exhibit a marked antibacterial activity in vitro. by a simple, two-step chromatographic procedure, we have resolved two peptide components of the antibacterial system. they were named bac-5 and bac-7 from the general term bactenecin and had molecular masses of about 5 and 7 kilodaltons, respectively. over 45 and 20% of the amino acid residues in the two bactenecins are proline and arginine, respectively. the remaining amino acids are mainly ... | 1989 | 2777377 |
| microbiological determination of neomycin in feeds: collaborative study. | a modification of the aoac microbiological determination of neomycin in feeds was collaboratively studied by 12 laboratories. the official method was modified by substituting a constant salt concentration diluent for the feed extract diluent, preparing the agar medium in tris buffer, and performing the test with a monolayer plating system. each laboratory performed single assays on 8 samples in a randomized sequence. the samples included duplicates of a cattle and swine feed at 2 different marke ... | 1989 | 2651392 |
| characterization of arachidonic acid metabolism, superoxide production, and bacterial killing in bovine circulating neutrophils and elicited alveolar neutrophils. | the in vitro generation and release of 5-lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid by bovine peripheral blood neutrophils and alveolar neutrophils elicited with either a heat-killed bacterium, haemophilus somnus, or platelet-activating factor, were compared. after stimulation with calcium ionophore a23187 for 2.5-60 min, up to 4.5 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- sem) ng of ltb4 per 10(6) cells was released into the media by circulating neutrophils. ltb4 release by alveolar neutrophils was significantly les ... | 1989 | 2543724 |
| comparison of the effect of antibiotic dry cow teat canal and intramammary dry cow therapy of dairy cows on the prevalence of teat canal and intramammary infections at calving. | the specific therapy of bacterial colonization of the teat canals of dried-off dairy cows by means of small amounts (33 mg/0.25 ml and 14 mg/0.1 ml) of a procain benzyl penicillin-dihydrostreptomycin sulphate combination has been investigated. of 36 teat canals treated with 0.25 ml antibiotic preparation each, 24 (66.6%) were infected at the beginning of the dry period, whereas at its termination only 7 (19.4%) showed bacteriologically positive swab cultures. by treating a further 43 quarters wi ... | 1985 | 2425091 |
| collagen binding, elastase production, and slime production associated with coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. | collagen binding, elastase production, slime production, and associated somatic cell counts were determined with 160 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. mean binding values for type i and ii collagen with staphylococcus epidermidis, s. chromogenes, and s. hyicus strains were 5.8, 6.6, and 7.4 and 4.3, 4.2, and 4.9%, respectively. eleven of 28 (39.3%) s. epidermidis, 1 of 38 (2.6%) s. chromogenes, and 1 of 94 (1.1%) s. hyicus strains were elas ... | 1990 | 2324278 |
| effects of a 1.94% sulfonic acid teat dip and a 1% iodophor teat dip on teat canal infections in lactating dairy cows. | sixty-three cows were used in a natural exposure trial for 1 yr to determine the effects of a 1.94% linear dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and a 1% iodophor teat dip on teat canal and intramammary infections. overall, total teat canal infections increased 28.9% and total intramammary infections increased 30% in quarters dipped with the linear dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid compared with a 14.3% increase in teat canal infections and a 17.4% decrease in intramammary infections for the iodophor group. ... | 1991 | 2071709 |
| species identification and some characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine udders. | the species of 203 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns), isolated from bovine udder quarters was determined; all were tested for hydrophobicity and encapsulation, attributes that may relate to virulence. twelve species were identified, of which staphylococcus simulans, (34.5%), s. chromogenes (16.7%), s. epidermidis (13.8%) and s. xylosus (8.9%) were the most frequent. the majority of strains possessed a hydrophilic cell surface. however, strains from two species (s. chromogenes and ... | 1992 | 1626368 |
| [origin of the staphylococci in slaughtered poultry]. | studied were 382 coagulase-positive and 290 coagullase-negative staphylococcus strains isolated from birds during their post-slaughter handling, from the vats for water cooling as well as from the women working on the slaughter-house conveyor. studied were the phage behaviour, fibrinolysine production, the crystal-violet test and the type of hemolysines. it was established that the coagulase positive staphylococci were lysed slightly by the human and the bovine set of phages. the main sources of ... | 1976 | 1025836 |
| [characteristics of the staphylococci isolated from the udder of cows with mastitis]. | a total of 175 strains of staphylococcus aureus and 67 strains of staphylococcus epidermidis were studied, isolated from 486 samples of milk secretion taken aceptically from the individual quarters of the udder of cows affected with subclinical and purulent (clinical) mastitis. the staphylococci were referred to as the causative agent of mastitis in case they were the only microflora in the seedings of the investigated material. tests were applied as given in fig. 1 to characterize the strains. ... | 1976 | 960547 |
| chlorinating ability of human phagocytosing leucocytes. | the course of chlorination in neutrophilic granulocytes has been shown. the process of 36cl incorporation occurs during and after the engulfment of bacteria by granulocytes. incorported radioactivity was found in insoluble fractions. the myeloperoxidase obtained from neutrophils catalyzes chlorination of protein (bovine serum albumin) and bacteria (staphylococcus epidermidis) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and chloride. the products of chlorination are insoluble. chlorination in neutrophil ... | 1975 | 170101 |
| repair of aortic false aneurysm using deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. | aortic false aneurysms are a rare complication of surgery of the aorta that can occur several months to years after the initial operation. we reviewed our results with false aneurysm repair using deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. | 2004 | 15223414 |
| first cases of animal diseases published since 2000. 1. dogs. | in this first article of a series of papers listing first case reports of animal diseases published since 2000, the following 19 cases of dog diseases are discussed: blastomycotic granuloma involving the cranial vena cava. congenital myocardial hamartoma. discospondylitis: three cases caused respectively by pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus epidermidis. dystrophin deficient muscular dystrophy in a labrador retriever. emphysematous prostatitis. erythema multiforme m ... | 2003 | 14535581 |
| the inhibitory activity of serum to prevent bacterial adhesion is mainly due to apo-transferrin. | a marked, up to 5-fold, reduction in bacterial adhesion to tecoflex polyurethane (pu) surfaces was observed in the presence of bovine/human serum or plasma at 0.5% or higher concentrations in the medium. further investigation of the phenomenon resulted in identification, isolation, and characterization of the serum component with the ability to significantly reduce bacterial adhesion. upon fractionation of bovine serum by an anion exchange chromatography, protein pools were made and analyzed by ... | 2003 | 12833427 |
| isolation and characterization of a highly specific serine endopeptidase from an oral strain of staphylococcus epidermidis. | infection by staphylococcus epidermidis, an opportunistic pathogen, has become a major problem due to the increased use of implanted medical devices and the growing number of patients who are therapeutically or infectiously immunosuppressed. these infections appear to proceed via modulation of the coagulation and complement systems. in this communication we describe the purification and characterization of a novel extracellular proteinase from an oral strain of s. epidermidis that can degrade fi ... | 2001 | 11530942 |
| pheno- and genotyping of staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from bovine milk and human skin. | the purpose of this study was to improve our knowledge concerning the epidemiology and strain diversity of staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from bovine milk in commercial dairy herds. a total of 341 s. epidermidis isolates obtained from cows' milk (317), farmers (17) and patients (7) were characterized. of these 105 isolates were from cows' milk in two farms, where also 17 isolates were sampled from farmers. the remaining 212 isolates from cows' milk were from 170 farms. all isolates were exa ... | 2006 | 16530988 |
| effect of surface proteins on staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion and colonization on silicone. | shunt infections are one of the most serious complications in shunt implant surgery. previous studies have suggested that cerebrospinal fluid (csf) proteins could affect bacterial adhesion and subsequent shunt infection. a systematic study using immobilized protein on the surface of silane-modified silicone was conducted to determine how these modifications influenced staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion and colonization. a comparison was also made with silicone having physically adsorbed protein ... | 2006 | 16806854 |
| an alternative infrared spectroscopy assay for the quantification of polysaccharides in bacterial samples. | the ability of bacteria to produce extracellular polysaccharides has been regarded as an indication of biofilm-forming capacity. therefore, the determination of the sugar content in bacterial samples becomes a significant parameter. the colorimetric methods currently used are rather sensitive to the nature of the sugars and therefore require knowledge of the sugar types present in the samples. unfortunately, the types of sugars present in bacteria are generally unknown and often composed of a co ... | 2007 | 17169320 |
| synergistic effect between different milk-derived peptides and proteins. | antimicrobial peptides derived from food proteins constitute a new field in the combined use of antimicrobial agents in food. the best examples of milk-derived peptides are those constituted by bovine lactoferricin [lactoferrin f(17-41)] (lfcin-b) and bovine alpha(s2)-casein f(183-207). the aim of this work was to study if the antimicrobial activity of a natural compound employed in food preservation, nisin, could be enhanced by combination with the aforementioned milk-derived peptides. furtherm ... | 2008 | 18487640 |
| bacteriocin st91km, produced by streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus st91km, is a narrow-spectrum peptide active against bacteria associated with mastitis in dairy cattle. | streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus st91km produces a bacteriocin (macedocin st91km) active against streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis. macedocin st91km is, according to tricine-sds page, between 2.0 and 2.5 kda in size. antimicrobial activity remained unchanged after 2 h of incubation at ph 2.0-10.0 and after 100 min at 100 degrees c. the peptide was inactivated after 20 ... | 2008 | 18641698 |
| adhesion forces between staphylococcus epidermidis and surfaces bearing self-assembled monolayers in the presence of model proteins. | self-assembled monolayers (sams) are being developed into coatings to reduce microbial biofilm formation on biomaterials. to test anti-adhesion properties, sams can be easily constructed on gold, and used to represent a coated biomaterial. however, coatings that prevent bacterial adhesion must also resist protein adsorption. we explored the competitive effects of bacteria and protein for adsorption to sams, choosing fetal bovine serum (fbs) to represent protein non-specific binding, and fibronec ... | 2008 | 18760835 |
| lytic activity of the recombinant staphylococcal bacteriophage phih5 endolysin active against staphylococcus aureus in milk. | the endolysin gene (lysh5) from the genome of the staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage phih5 was cloned in escherichia coli and characterized. the lysh5 gene encoded a protein (lysh5) whose calculated molecular mass and pi were 53.7 kda and 8.7, respectively. comparative analysis revealed that lysh5 significantly resembled other murein hydrolases encoded by staphylococcal phages. the modular organization of lysh5 comprised three putative domains, namely, chap (cysteine, histidine-dependent amidoh ... | 2008 | 18809219 |
| performance of api staph id 32 and staph-zym for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk samples. | in this study, the accuracy of two phenotypic tests, api staph id 32 and staph-zym, was determined for identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) from bovine milk samples in comparison with identification based on dna-sequencing. a total of 172 cns isolated from bovine milk were classified into 17 species. the most frequently isolated species based on rpob sequencing were staphylococcus chromogenes and staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by staphylococcus xylosus, staphylococcus w ... | 2009 | 19110383 |
| staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus haemolyticus: methicillin-resistant isolates are detected directly in blood cultures by multiplex pcr. | in this study, we standardized and evaluated a multiplex-pcr methodology using specific primers to identify staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus haemolyticus and their methicillin-resistance directly from blood cultures. staphylococci clinical isolates (149) and control strains (16) previously identified by conventional methods were used to establish the multiplex pcr protocol. subsequently, this methodology was evaluated using a fast and cheap dna extraction prot ... | 2010 | 19616418 |
| bovine subclinical mastitis caused by different types of coagulase-negative staphylococci. | subclinical mastitis caused by intramammary infections (imi) with coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) is common in dairy cows and may cause herd problems. control of cns mastitis is complicated by the fact that cns contain a large number of different species. the aim of the study was to investigate the epidemiology of different cns species in dairy herds with problems caused by subclinical cns mastitis. in 11 herds, udder quarter samples were taken twice 1 mo apart, and cns isolates were iden ... | 2009 | 19762813 |
| epidemiology and characterization of staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from humans, raw bovine milk and a dairy plant. | geographically related staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from human patients (n=30), dairy farms (farmers and individual raw milk from cattle, n=36) and a dairy plant (n=55) were examined for epidemiological relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and, using in vitro methods, for the ability to produce biofilm and antimicrobial resistance. methicillin-resistant isolates (mrse) were also identified and characterized. isolates from farmers and dairy cattle were found to be genetically re ... | 2010 | 19845994 |
| treatment of whole blood (wb) and red blood cells (rbc) with s-303 inactivates pathogens and retains in vitro quality of stored rbc. | a pathogen inactivation (pi) process has been developed using the frangible anchor linker effector (frale) compound s-303. a series of experiments were performed in whole blood (wb) to measure the level of viral and bacterial inactivation. the results showed that 0.2mm s-303 and 2mm glutathione (gsh) inactivated >6.5 logs of hiv, >5.7 logs of bluetongue virus, >7.0 logs of yersinia enterocolitica, 4.2 logs of serratia marcescens, and 7.5 logs of staphylococcus epidermidis. recent development for ... | 2010 | 19995680 |
| inhibition of sodium hypochlorite antimicrobial activity in the presence of bovine serum albumin. | this study investigated the inhibition of the antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite (naocl) by bovine serum albumin (bsa). the killing of enterococcus faecalis, candida albicans, staphylococcus epidermidis, and escherichia coli by naocl in concentrations from 2% to 0.03% was measured in the presence of bsa in concentrations between 6.7% and 0.1%. | 2010 | 20113787 |
| reversal of virus-induced alveolar macrophage bactericidal dysfunction by cyclooxygenase inhibition in vitro. | virus infection of alveolar macrophages (am) both in vivo and in vitro has been associated with a decreased ability of these cells to kill bacteria, together with enhanced production of metabolites of arachidonic acid. these metabolites, especially pge2, may be inhibitory to some phagocyte functions. primary cultures of bovine am obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of normal cattle were infected in vitro with parainfluenza-3 (pi3 virus) virus. killing of staphylococcus epidermidis by am was deter ... | 1989 | 2539425 |
| potential airborne microbial hazards for workers on dairy and beef cattle farms in egypt. | this study was conducted to determine the concentration and frequency distribution of certain airborne micro-organisms on cattle farms and their potential health hazards to farm workers. the samples (60 air samples and 240 hand and nasal swabs from cattle farm workers) were collected from ten cattle farms (five dairy barns and five beef sheds) located in the sharkia governorate of egypt. air samples were collected for microbiological examination in liquid media using an all-glass impinger wherea ... | 2009 | 20391378 |
| proteomic evaluation of biological nanoparticles isolated from human kidney stones and calcified arteries. | calcifying biological nanoparticles (nps) develop under cell culture conditions from homogenates of diverse tissue samples displaying extraosseous mineralization, including kidney stones and calcified aneurysms. probes to definitively identify nps in biological systems are lacking. therefore, the aim of this study was to begin to establish a proteomic biosignature of nps in order to facilitate more definitive investigation of their contribution to disease. biological nps derived from human kidne ... | 2010 | 20466084 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk samples. | the aim of this study was to examine whether antimicrobial resistance profiles of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (cns) species isolated from milk of dairy cows differed between bacterial species, and to compare results obtained by phenotypic and genotypic profiling of resistance to penicillin, oxacillin and macrolide-lincosamide (ml) antibiotics. of 170 cns isolates, 83 (48.8%) were phenotypically susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested in minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) assays, ... | 2011 | 21333468 |
| milk microbiome signatures of subclinical mastitis-affected cattle analysed by shotgun sequencing. | metagenomic analysis of milk samples collected from kankrej, gir (bos indicus) and crossbred (bos taurus × b. indicus) cattle harbouring subclinical mastitis was carried out by next-generation sequencing 454 gs-flx technology to elucidate the microbial community structure of cattle milk. | 2012 | 22277077 |
| effect on quarter milk somatic cell count and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus rostri causing intramammary infection in dairy water buffaloes. | in many parts of the world, coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) are the predominant cause of intramammary infections (imi) in dairy cows and in water buffaloes, as well. a longitudinal field study was carried out on one well-managed dairy water buffalo herd to determine the prevalence and distribution of cns and a recently described cns-species, staphylococcus rostri, in milk samples to explore its relevance for buffaloes' udder health throughout lactation, and to gain insight into the suscep ... | 2013 | 23548306 |
| phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility and occurrence of selected resistance genes in gram-positive mastitis pathogens isolated from wisconsin dairy cows. | in the united states, few intramammary antimicrobials exist that are approved for treatment of bovine mastitis; thus, ensuring judicious use of these products is a priority. the objectives of this study were to determine phenotypic susceptibility and presence of selected antimicrobial resistance genes from staphylococci, streptococci, and streptococcal-like organisms recovered from cases of clinical mastitis occurring in cows on large wisconsin farms. staphylococcus aureus (n=35 from 19 herds), ... | 2015 | 25912858 |
| identification of abc transporter genes conferring combined pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin a resistance in bovine methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. | the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic basis of combined pleuromutilin-lincosamide-streptogramin a resistance in 26 unrelated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) from dairy cows suffering from mastitis. the 26 pleuromutilin-resistant staphylococcal isolates were screened for the presence of the genes vga(a), vga(b), vga(c), vga(e), vga(e) variant, sal(a), vmlr, cfr, lsa(a), lsa(b), lsa(c), and lsa(e) by pcr. none of the 26 ... | 2015 | 25891423 |
| potential of berberine to enhance antimicrobial activity of commonly used antibiotics for dairy cow mastitis caused by multiple drug-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis infection. | berberine is a plant alkaloid with antimicrobial activity against a variety of microorganisms. in this study, the antimicrobial properties of berberine against multi-drug resistant field isolates of staphylococcus epidermidis were investigated using berberine alone or in combination with a commonly used antibiotics in veterinary clinics, including penicillin, lincomycin, and amoxicillin. the results indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentrations of berberine, penicillin, lincomycin, and am ... | 2015 | 26345901 |
| co-infection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and extended spectrum β-lactamase producing escherichia coli in bovine mastitis--three cases reported from india. | emergence of antimicrobial resistance among bovine mastitis pathogens is the major cause of frequent therapeutic failure and a cause of concern for veterinary practitioners. this study describes intra-mammary infection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (mrse), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and extended spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) producing escherichia coli in two holstein friesian crossbred cows with subclinical mastitis and one non-descript cow with clinic ... | 2015 | 25444074 |
| co-expression of two heterologous lactate dehydrogenases genes in kluyveromyces marxianus for l-lactic acid production. | lactic acid (la) is a versatile compound used in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, leather, and chemical industries. biological production of la is possible by yeast strains expressing a bacterial gene encoding l-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh). kluyveromyces marxianus is an emerging non-conventional yeast with various phenotypes of industrial interest. however, it has not been extensively studied for la production. in this study, k. marxianus was engineered to express and co-express various hetero ... | 2017 | 27867078 |
| characterization of methicillin-resistant non-staphylococcus aureus staphylococci carriage isolates from different bovine populations. | this study aimed at investigating bovine non-staphylococcus aureus staphylococci for their role as a potential reservoir for methicillin resistance. | 2013 | 23090977 |
| persistence of staphylococcal species and genotypes in the bovine udder. | staphylococci are a major cause of intramammary infections (imi) in ruminants. the main aim of this study was to investigate staphylococcal imi in dairy cattle with emphasis on persistence and distribution of staphylococcal species and genotypes. with a sampling interval of 4-8 weeks, over a year, 4030 samples from 206 cows in 4 herds were collected. coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) and staphylococcus aureus were detected in 13.2% and 4.2% of the samples, respectively. selected cns isolate ... | 2012 | 22503603 |
| coagulase-negative staphylococcus species in bulk milk: prevalence, distribution, and associated subgroup- and species-specific risk factors. | coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) have become the main pathogens causing bovine mastitis in recent years. a huge variation in species distribution among herds has been observed in several studies, emphasizing the need to identify subgroup- and species-specific herd-level factors to improve our understanding of the differences in ecological and epidemiological nature between species. the use of bulk milk samples enables the inclusion of a large(r) number of herds needed to identify herd-leve ... | 2017 | 27865514 |
| identification, typing, ecology and epidemiology of coagulase negative staphylococci associated with ruminants. | since phenotypic methods to identify coagulase negative staphylococci (cns) from the milk of ruminants often yield unreliable results, methods for molecular identification based on gene sequencing or fingerprinting techniques have been developed. in addition to culture-based detection of isolates, culture-independent methods may be of interest. on the basis of molecular studies, the five cns species commonly causing intramammary infections (imi) are staphylococcus chromogenes, staphylococcus epi ... | 2015 | 25467994 |
| characterization of the ability of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the milk of canadian farms to form biofilms. | mastitis is the most common and detrimental infection of the mammary gland in dairy cows and has a major economic impact on the production of milk and dairy products. bacterial mastitis is caused by several pathogens, and the most frequently isolated bacterial species are coagulase-negative staphylocci (cns). although cns are considered minor mastitis pathogens, the importance of cns has increased over the years. however, the mechanism and factors involved in cns intramammary infection are poorl ... | 2013 | 23141829 |
| characterization of coagulase negative staphylococci from cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in kampala, uganda. | coagulase negative staphylococci (cns) are the most common pathogens leading to subclinical mastitis (scm) in dairy cattle in uganda. coagulase negative staphylococci can vary between bacterial species in how they cause disease. the aim of the study was to characterize cns, from cows with scm in uganda, at the species level. | 2014 | 24917926 |