| enzymic polyadenylation of 5s ribosomal ribonucleic acid and synthesis of a complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. | the 5s ribosomal rna has been isolated, pure and intact, from rat liver (5 mg of 5s rna from 150g of liver). the 5s rna serves as a primer for calf thymus poly(a) polymerase with 20% of the efficiency of (ap)3a. bacterial 5s rna and transfer rna also serve as primers; rat liver 18s and 28s ribosomal rnas support poly(a) synthesis poorly. neither the 5s rna primer nor the appended poly(a) tract is nicked or degraded by poly(a) polymerase, and initiation of poly(a) tracts on 5s rna primers continu ... | 1979 | 88957 |
| effects of bacterial endotoxin and corticosteroids on plasma concentrations of alpha 2 macroglobulin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen in rats. | bacterial endotoxin injected into rats resulted in increased plasma concentration of alpha 2 macroglobulin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen. cortisone acetate injected i.m. by itself was sufficient to increase the plasma concentration of haptoglobin by 54% and to a lesser extent the concentrations of the other two proteins. when cortisone acetate and/or cortisol succinate were injected simultaneously with varying doses of endotoxin, the effects of the corticosteroid differed for each plasma protein. ... | 1979 | 92334 |
| mutagenicity assays on fluorescent whitening agents using microorganisms. | six fluorescent whitening agents (fwas) have been re-examined for their activity as inducers of cytoplasmic petite mutants and mitotic gene conversion in diploid yeast saccharomyces cerebisiae and reversion from auxotrophy to prototrophy in neurospora crassa, escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium. the results provide no indication that the fwas examinded produce mutagenic changes or any other alterations in the gene material. in a recent re-examination with salmonella using the method of a ... | 1975 | 132347 |
| construction and analysis of recombinant lambda phages containing mitochondrial dna fragments. | rat mtdna has a molecular length of about 16 kilobase (kb) pairs and is cleaved into seven fragments by restriction endonuclease ecori. these fragments were cloned in escherichia coli k-12 host using lambda gtwes.lambda b' (lambda gtwes.lambda b, for short, in this paper) as a vector. recombinant dnas containing one or a few fragments of the mtdna were transfected to cacl2-treated e. coli, and the plaques containing specific recombinant phages were selected. dna amplified in the recombinanat pha ... | 1979 | 157910 |
| [microbiological characteristics in rats given cariogenic diet following the application of fluoride containing toothpastes]. | the paper deals with experimental research work carried out on wistar rats, regarding the effect of fluoride tooth-pastes in varying compounds on microflora in the oral cavity. the findings show that the most favourable effect on the microbial situation in the cavum oris is exerted by fluoride tooth-pastes prepared on a calcium-free basis. | 1975 | 126614 |
| inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease h. | fourteen mycotoxins were tested for inhibitory effects on ribonucleic acid polymerase of rat liver and escherichia coli and nuclear ribonuclease h of rat liver and tetrahymena pyriformis. these enzymes were strongly inhibited by (-)-luteoskyrin, (+)-rugulosin, patulin, and pr toxin. | 1979 | 117749 |
| synthesis and biological studies of 3-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-2,3,-dihydro-6h-1,3-oxazine-2,6-dione, a new pyrimidine nucleoside analog related to uridine. | reaction of the trimethylsilyl derivative of 2,3-dihydro-6h-1,3-oxazine-2,6-dione (2, "uracil anhydride") with protected 1-o-acetylribofuranoses in the presence of stannic chloride gave the corresponding block nucleosides. 3-(2,3-5-tri-o-2',2',2'-trichloroethoxycarbonyl-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-2,3-dihydro-6h-1,3-oxazine-2,6-dione (4c) thus prepared from the protected sugar 3c, 1-o-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-o-(2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl)ribofuranose, gave, on removal of the protecting groups with zinc du ... | 1976 | 178870 |
| [cefaclor and its pathogen reducing effect in experimental acute pyelonephritis]. | | 1979 | 105286 |
| effect of a staphylococcin on neisseria gonorrhoeae. | phage group 2 staphylococcal strain ut0002 contains a large 56s virulence plasmid with genes that code for both exfoliative toxin and a specific staphylococcin termed bac r(1). four penicillinase-producing strains and three penicillin-susceptible strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae were killed by bac r(1). after 30 min of growth of the penicillin-resistant tr1 strain in 62.5 arbitrary units of bac r(1) per ml, loss of viability was approximately 90%, and, after 5 h, an approximately 99.99% loss of ... | 1978 | 100049 |
| suggestive evidence for relationship between sensitivity and repair capability in rat ascites hepatoma cells treated with the antitumor agent, 1-(gamma-chloropropyl)-2-chloromethylpiperidine hydrobromide. | antitumor activity of 1-(gamma-chloropropyl)-2-chloromethylpiperidine hydrobromide (cap-2) was studied in vivo and in vitro, using various rat ascites hepatoma cell lines. among eight ascites hepatoma cell lines, ah-13 was extremely sensitive both to in vivo antitumor and to in vitro lethal action of the agent, whereas ah-44 was resistant in both cases. the sensitivity of ascites hepatoma cell lines to cap-2, nitrogen mustard n-oxide, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, and ultraviolet ray in vitro was wi ... | 1977 | 196969 |
| [the activation of membrane bound adenylate cyclases by culture filtrates of certain escherichia coli strains]. | | 1978 | 99264 |
| studies on transfer rna from mycobacteria. | active preparations of trna and aminoacyl-trna synthetases have been isolated from exponentially growing cells of mycobacterium smegmatis and mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. though the aminoacyl-trna synthetases of older cells retain their activity, the trnas seem to undergo modification and show poorer activity. the mycobacterial enzyme preparations catalyse homologous and heterologous aminoacylation between trna from the two species (m. smegmatis and m. tuberculosis h37rv) or from escherichi ... | 1978 | 96929 |
| mechanisms of immunity in bacterial infections. | | 1979 | 95156 |
| binding of trna to reverse transcriptase of rna tumor viruses. | the interaction of trna with the reverse transcriptase (rna-dependent dna polymerase) of mammalian rna viruses, such as moloney murine leukemia virus and simian sarcoma virus, has been studied. whereas the purified reverse transcriptase of mammalian viruses sedimented in glycerol gradients as a globular protein with a molecular weight of 70,000, after interaction with trna the enzyme cosedimented with a protein of 150,000 molecular weight. the twofold increase in molecular weight could be a resu ... | 1978 | 77907 |
| actions of bleomycin on dna ligase and polymerases. | bleomycin inhibited the ligase, which was partially purified from rat ascites hepatoma, ah-130, even at a concentration as low as 0.01-1 mug/ml. the dna degraded by bleomycin was not repaired by ligase. therefore, it was suggested that bleomycin at higher concentration produced strand scission of dna, which could not be repaired by the ligase, and at lower concentration inhibited the ligase reaction presumably by binding to dna strand or to ligase. also, the specificity of inhibition by bleomyci ... | 1976 | 63970 |
| selective separation procedure for determination of ribosomal proteins l7 and l12. | | 1975 | 49154 |
| degradation of lindane by escherichia coli. | lindane was degraded by escherichia coli isolated from rat feces. about 10% of the added lindane was metabolized by the bacterium in trypticase soy broth containing the pesticide. a single metabolite, 2,3,4,5,6-pentachloro-1-cyclohexene, was detected and identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. | 1975 | 47737 |
| effects of extracts of rat tissues on the action of bleomycin. | the cell sap (105 000 times g supernatant) of various tissues of rats caused dna degradation in the presence of bleomycin. the activity was fractionated into two peaks by column chromatography on sephadex g-25. the activity in peak a (excluded fraction) appeared to be due to some proteinaceous entity, while that recovered in peak b (retarded fraction), constituting about 90% of the total activity, seemed to be due to ascorbic acid, judging by results of further gel filtration and the effect of t ... | 1975 | 46758 |
| the effect of methylprednisolone on hepatic oxygen supply and plasma lactate and glucose in endotoxemia. | this study was designed to determine the effect of methylprednisolone on the profile of hepatic oxygen supply and selected blood parameters in fasted, male rats administered an ld85 dosage of e coli endotoxin intraperitoneally. mortality rates within 24 hours were 85% in rats receiving endotoxin only, 9% in rats receiving a 30 mg/kg dosage of methylprednisolone intraarterially one hour subsequent to endotoxin insult, and 0% in methylprednisolone controls. beginning with the fourth hour, untreate ... | 1979 | 40707 |
| cellular applications of 31p and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance. | high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) studies of cells and purified mitochondria are discussed to show the kind of information that can be obtained in vivo. in suspensions of escherichia coli both phosphorus-31 and carbon-13 nmr studies of glycolysis and bioenergetics are presented. in rat liver cells the pathways of gluconeogenesis from carbon-13-labeled glycerol are followed by carbon-13 nmr. in the intact liver cells cytosolic and mitochondrial ph's were separately measured by phos ... | 1979 | 36664 |
| construction and cloning of rat albumin structural gene sequences. | a recombinant plasmid containing a dna segment complementary to rat liver albumin mrna has been constructed, cloned, and used to examine the organization of albumin gene. the 18s fraction of total liver poly(a)-containing rna was copied into a double-stranded cdna by avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase and escherichia coli dna polymerase i. the cdna was inserted into the hindiii site of the plasmid pbr322 via the addition of specific oligonucleotide linkers. recombinant plasmids wer ... | 1979 | 291970 |
| improved methods for determination of guanylyl cyclase activity and synthesis of [alpha-32p]gtp. | | 1979 | 35036 |
| kinetics and inhibition of rat and avian alkaline phosphatases. | | 1976 | 9334 |
| separation of low molecular weight rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | | 1975 | 925 |
| therapy for experimental intraabdominal sepsis: comparison of four cephalosporins with clindamycin plus gentamicin. | an experimental model of intraabdominal sepsis in rats was used for evaluation of treatment with four cephalosporins: cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, and cefamandole. doses were 115 mg of each of the cephalosporins/kg and, in additional experiments, 350 mg of cephalothin or cefazolin/kg. response to treatment was evaluated by mortality rate and the incidence of intraabdominal abscess. all four cephalosporins and gentamicin produced a similar reduction in mortality rates. there was a marked va ... | 1977 | 321707 |
| rna sulfurtransferase activity in rat liver and chemically induced hepatomas. | rna sulfurtransferase activity has been detected in rat liver and in hepatomas from rats fed a diet containing 0.06% 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene for 14 to 18 weeks. the reaction measured was the transfer of sulfur from cysteine to acceptor sites in escherichia coli b transfer rna (trna). specific activities of the enzymes in liver and hepatoma supernatant fractions were similar, as were the rates and extents of sulfur transfer to trna. deae-cellulose chromatography of digests of the [35s ... | 1975 | 172228 |
| pathogenesis of pyelonephritis. escherichia coli-induced renal ultrastructural changes. | escherichia coli-induced renal ultrastructural changes were observed 4 hr after the intravenous injection of 2 times 10-minus 6 bacteria. the initial changes consisted of mitochondrial swelling followed by intracellular vacuolation, nuclear membrane dilation, and increased lysosomal phagocytic activity. alterations in the appearance of proximal tubular lysosomes included a loss of osmiophilic staining properties. many of the involved cells showed necrosis and can presumably act as a nidus for ba ... | 1975 | 166961 |
| the structure of animal mitochondrial dna (base composition, pyrimidine clusters, character of methylation). | base composition, content of pyrimidine isopliths and the degree of methylation of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and nuclear dna (ndna) from various vertebrates and protozoon crithidia oncopelti have been studied. mtdnas from mammals (ox, rat) do not differ in fact in the gc content from the respective ndna. the gc content in mtdna from fishes (sheat fish) and birds (duck, chicken) is 1.5-2.5 mole % higher than in the respective ndna. kinetoplast dna (kdna) from crithidia oncopelti (gc = 42.9 mole % ... | 1977 | 323687 |
| fever produced in the rat by intracerebral e. coli endotoxin. | e. coli endotoxin introduced into the brain ventricles or into various brain areas raises the body temperature of conscious rats. endotoxin-sensitive sites were found within the anterior hypothalamus and the lower brainstem. the increase in temperature (delta t) after microinjection of endotoxin into the anterior hypothalamic nucleus was dose-dependent. endotoxin injected into the ventricles produced monophasic hyperthermia, but microinjections into the anterior hypothalamus produced monophasic ... | 1977 | 323816 |
| a new method for the assay of poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) glycohydrolase activity. | | 1975 | 166570 |
| interactions of radio-detoxified escherichia coli endotoxin preparations with the complement system. | escherichia coli o89 lipopolysaccharide (lps) was treated with different doses of gamma irradiation (5, 10, 15, and 20 mrad). various biological activities such as lethal effect, decrease in arterial blood pressure in dogs, and interaction with the complement system were determined for the parent and irradiated preparations. irradiation of lps significantly and in a dose-dependent manner decreased its lethal and blood pressure-depressing effects along with its ability to activate the complement ... | 1977 | 326671 |
| experimentally induced malakoplakia. | malakoplakia was induced experimentally by introducing large amounts of crude endotoxin-antigen comples of 075 escherichia coli (e. coli 12797 cdc 0 group 75) into the kidneys and testes of rats. first leukocytes, then granulation tissue composed mainly of characteristic macrophages, the so-called hansemann cells, appeared around the endotoxin-antigen mass. on the eighth day following the injection, deposition of calcium phosphate into the cytosegresomes of macrophages began and acused the forma ... | 1975 | 166563 |
| stimulation of dna polymerase by factors isolated from novikoff hepatoma. | extracts of novikoff hepatoma cells contain factors capable of stimulating in vitro dna synthesis several fold. the activity can be resolved into three separate protein peaks on deae-sephadex. two of these, factors ii and iii, have been purified and partially characterized. both factors increase the initial rate of dna synthesis and allow synthesis to proceed much longer. if either factor is added after synthesis by the dna polymerase has reached a plateau, resumption of synthesis occurs. the fa ... | 1975 | 165486 |
| dna-binding proteins from novikoff hepatoma cells. | in 0.05 m nacl, 6-8% of the total soluble proteins from novikoff hepatoma cells bind rapidly and reversibly to columns containing either heterologous or homologous dna adsorbed to cellulose. these proteins can be eluted by buffer containing 2.0 m nacl. 0.5-1% of the total protein exhibits a 7-17-fold preference for rat dna over escherichia coli dna. 1-1.5% of the proteins bind dna so strongly that elution cannot be effected by 4.0 m nacl but can be accomplished by deoxyribonuclease i treatment o ... | 1975 | 163652 |
| effect of neonatal gastrointestinal colonization with cross reacting escherichia coli on anticapsular antibody production and bacteremia in experimental haemophilus influenzae type b disease of rats. | neonatal gastrointestinal colonization of newborn rats with escherichia coli 075:k100:h5, cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of haemophilus influenzae type b, was harmless but failed to stimulated detectable ( greater than 200 ng/ml) serum anticapsular antibodies. neonatally colonized rats, when challenged at age 13 weeks by intraperitoneal inoculation of h. influenzae b, showed no difference in the frequency, magnitude, or duration of bacteremia or in the postinfection anticapsular ... | 1977 | 328398 |
| immunobiologic factors in the pathogenesis of renal infection. | | 1979 | 161989 |
| human growth hormone active site for membrane cooperative enzymes. | | 1978 | 154327 |
| base composition studies on mitochondrial 4 s rna from rat liver and morris hepatomas 5123d and 7777. | the major and modified base composition of mitochondrial 4 s rna from rat liver and from morris hepatomas 5123d and 7777 has been determined for 16 constituents using a chemical tritium-derivative method. the base composition of these mitochondrial 4 s rna preparations was compared with the base composition of cytoplasmic and bacterial (escherichia coli b and bacillus subtilis) 4-s rnas. the results of these studies are: 1. when compared with cytoplasmic 4 s rna, the liver and hepatoma mitochond ... | 1976 | 174749 |
| poly(adp-ribose) and adp-ribosylation of proteins. | | 1976 | 185679 |
| reticuloendothelial phagocytic response to bacterial challenge after traumatic shock. | resistance to intravenous (iv) and intraperitoneal (ip) bacterial challenge during periods of reticuloendothelial (re) depression following trauma as well as the influence of bacteremia on re phagocytosis were studied. the experimental shock model utilized was the anesthetized (2 mg/100 g sodium pentobarbital) male rat subjected to nonlethal noble-collip drum trauma. during post-traumatic re depression (60 min after injury) rats were challenged iv or ip with escherichia coli (1.02 x 10(10)). the ... | 1977 | 336234 |
| a phospholipid derivative of cytosine arabinoside and its conversion to phosphatidylinositol by animal tissue. | we have synthesized an analog (ara-cdp-dl-dipalmitin) of cytidine diphosphate diglyceride (cdp-diglyceride) in which the antitumor drug, cytosine arabinoside, is substituted for the cytidine moiety. enzymes in rat and human liver convert this analog to phosphatidylinositol, thereby releasing cytosine arabinoside-5'-monophosphate, an obligatory intermediate in the activation of cytosine arabinoside. unlike cytidine diphosphate diglyceride, however, ara-cdp-dl-diapalmitin is not an efficient subst ... | 1977 | 191910 |
| [comparative study of the mutagenic activity of smoking preparations from the all-union research institute of the meat industry and of vakhtol']. | | 1977 | 337672 |
| findings of yersinia in rats and sewer rats. | survey of first methodical experiences in the microbiological examination of sewer rats rattus norvegicus and rats rattus rattus for yersiniae. from total of 178 cadavers 30 yersinia cultures were isolated, including 4 yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype iii strains. yersinia enterocolitica serotype o3 was isolated only from rats rattus rattus in pig houses. importance of suitable treatment of cadavers (at best in frozen state) and their quick delivery to the laboratory is being discussed. | 1977 | 337734 |
| transduction of a bacterial gene into mammalian cells. | the transduction of an escherichia coli gene into mammalian cells is described. a supressor trna gene was linked to a simian virus 40 (sv40) vector in vitro and the recombinant was used to transfect rat embryo cells and monkey kidney cells. the hybrid sv40 genome, sv40-su+ iii, retained genetic information required for autonomous replication and cellular transformation and had a 1300-base-pair dna segment in the late gene region (between the restriction endonuclease sits hpa ii at 0.735 and ecor ... | 1978 | 209451 |
| evidence that the hypothalamus mediates endotoxin stimulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. | the site of action of escherichia coli endotoxin in inducing acth secretion was studied in vivo and in vitro. hypophysectomized rats, bearing two to three transplanted pituitaries under the kidney capsule and "primed" with exogenous acth, responded to 2.0-7.5 microgram/100 g bw ip or iv endotoxin with a several-fold increase of plasma corticosterone. this response was markedly reduced by hypothalamic lesions and completely abolished by removing the entire forebrain. endotoxin added directly to c ... | 1978 | 217611 |
| enhanced activity of trna-pseudouridine synthetase in yoshida ascites sarcoma. | | 1977 | 339913 |
| mechanisms of the adjuvant effect of hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis. i. in vivo inhibition of peritoneal leukocytosis. | | 1978 | 341387 |
| [the fine structure of sinusoidal lining cells in rat liver in the early stage of endotoxic shock. a tem and sem study (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 218384 |
| the glucocorticoid domain of response: measurement of pleiotropic cellular responses by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. | in this article, we have provided two examples of pleiotropic regulation by specific effector molecules as assayed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. in one case, catabolite repression in the bacterium escherichia coli was examined by measuring the response to cyclic camp. in the other, the effect of dexamethasone on the rate of synthesis of over a thousand cell proteins was analyzed in htc cells. it was found that in e. coli, camp regulates the synthesis of about 10 percent of the cell's p ... | 1979 | 226869 |
| effect of o-sulphate groups in lactose and n-acetylneuraminyl-lactose on their enzymic hydrolysis. | 1. lactose 6'-o-sulphate, n-acetylneuraminyl-(alpha 2 leads to 3)-d-lactose 6'-o-sulphate, n-acetylneuraminyl ?-o-sulphate-(alpha 2 leads to 3)-d-lactose 6'0-o-sulphate, n-acetylneuraminyl ?-o-sulphate-(alpha 2 leads to 6)-d-lactose and n-acetylneuraminyl-(alpha 2 leads to 3)- and -(alpha 2 leads to 6))-lactose 6'-o-sulphate were prepared by chemical sulphation of lactose, n-acetylneuraminyl-lactose and tis isomers by using pyridine-so3 reagent. 2. significant kinetic differences were observed i ... | 1979 | 227364 |
| revival of pathogenicity of axenically grown entamoeba histolytica for the rat. | | 1979 | 231423 |
| studies on human trna. i. the rapid, large scale isolation and partial fractionation of placenta and liver trna. | a procedure for the large scale isolation of mammalian trna has been applied to the isolation of several grams of human liver, human placenta, rabbit liver and rat liver trna. this procedure entails an initial grinding of the tissue in phenol-sodium acetate at acidic ph, followed by deae cellulose chromatography. procedures are also described for analysis of the purified trna on the basis of size, using controlled pore glass bean columns. in addition, the acceptor activity of isolated trnas has ... | 1975 | 236551 |
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malic enzyme of rat liver. purification, properties, and immunochemical studies. | rat liver malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.40) was purified from livers of rats fasted and refed a high sucrose diet containing 1% desiccated thyroid powder. the purification was accomplished by a six-step procedure. the specific activity of the purified enzyme was increased 181-fold above that of the initial high speed supernatant of liver extracts. slight additional purification of malic enzyme was achieved with preparative disc electrophoresis. the specific activities of the purified rat liver malic en ... | 1975 | 237885 |
| degradation of dna by nucleases in intestinal tract of rats. | strains of escherichia coli k12 have been constructed as safer hosts for use in recombinant dna research, these strains are unable to survive passage through the intestinal tracts of rats because of a constellation of mutations conferring bile sensitivity and requirements for diaminopimelic acid and thymine. since death caused by diaminopimelic acid deprivation could release recombinant dna before dna is degraded because of thymine starvation, it is important to determine the "survival potential ... | 1977 | 322286 |
| the predisposition to infection following hemorrhagic shock. | subsequent life threatening gram-negative infection in patients successfully resuscitated from hemorrhagic shock is becoming increasingly common. following hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, sprague-dawley rats were given escherichia coli intraperitoneally to simulate the clinical setting in which peritoneal contamination and hypovolemic shock occur concurrently. a sublethal dosage of bacteria resulted in a 100 per cent mortality. this suggests that hemorrhagic shock, even when treated promptl ... | 1977 | 324005 |
| biological activities of shwartzman-active substance from yoshida sarcoma cells. | | 1977 | 327121 |
| transcription of rat dna fractions reassociated to various cot values. | two fractions of rat liver dna: "intermediate" (reassociated to cot = 1 - 10(2), molexsecx1(-1)) and "slow" (cot = 10(2) - 10(5) showed differences in template activity on transcription with e. coli rna-polymerase. the "intermediate" fraction both in double- and single-stranded form was a better template than the "slow" one. the efficiency of transcription dropped progressively for the template obtained at cot values increasing from 10(2) to 10(6). no differences in the template activity of the ... | 1977 | 327734 |
| [variation of intestinal bacteria during administration of immunosuppressive drugs and anticancer drugs (i) (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 351240 |
| [barrier-fixing function in germ-free animals]. | the state of barrier-fixative function was studied in germfree and conventional guinea pigs and rats. under conditions of conventional animals contamination with e. coli 055 (in doses of 500 million and 10 milliard microbial bodies for subcutaneous and oral inoculation, respectively) only an early transitory bacteremia developed at the early postinfection periods. as to bacteriemia in gnotobiotes, it increased progressively leading to the animal death in the course of 2 to 3 days. a decreased fi ... | 1977 | 328080 |
| effect of proteolysis of transcriptional fidelity of reconstituted chromatin. | the effect of proteolysis on the transcriptional properties of reconstituted rat liver chromatin was studied. within the sensitivity of currently available methods, proteolysis of chromosomal proteins by chromatin-bound protease during chromatin reconstitution has no apparent effect on: (1) number of initiation sites, (2) proportion of reiterating and unique sequences of dna transcribed, (3) size of the rna transcribed, and (4) transcription of dna sequences complementary to poly(a) containing m ... | 1977 | 329873 |
| the infant rat as a model of bacterial meningitis. | the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis was studied in infant rats. intranasal intoculation of greater than 10(3) haemophilus influenzae type b resulted in an incidence of bacteremia that was directly related to the size of hte challenge inoculum. the temporal and quantitative relationship of bacteremia to meningitis indicated that bacteria spread to the meninges by the hematogenous route and that the magnitude of bacteremia was a primary determinant in the development of meningitis. in a spara ... | 1977 | 330777 |
| restriction endonuclease cleavage maps of rat and mouse mitochondrial dnas. | mitochondrial dna from an old world mouse, mus musculus, and from an old world rat, rattus norvegicus, contain 19 and 22 distinct sites, respectively, for the 8 restriction endonucleases, bamhi, ecori, haeii, hhai, hincii, hindiii, hpai and psti. the relative positions of the sites have been mapped by the study of partial and double enzyme digests. some sites may been conserverd between the mouse and rat mitochondrial genomes. | 1977 | 331254 |
| immunization against retrograde pyelonephritis. iii. vaccination against chronic pyelonephritis due to escherichia coli. | vaccination with formalin-treated cells of escherichia coli serotype o6 protected against unilateral retrograde pyelonephritis due to e. coli o6 in rats with partial ureteral obstruction. this protection was manifested not only by less parenchymal destruction and shrinkage of the pyelonephritic left kidney, but also by less secondary pyelonephritis and compensatory hypertrophy in the opposite right kidney. vaccinated rats eliminated e. coli from the kidney more rapidly, but even when infection p ... | 1977 | 335001 |
| [the physical map and biological characteristics of mitochondrial dna (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 337400 |
| polyamine prevention of inhibition of rat liver isoleucyl-trna formation by poly(g), poly(i) or ribosomes. | | 1978 | 358977 |
| reduction of population levels of some indigenous bacteria by lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic rats. | effects of each of three indigenous lactobacillus groups on other bacterial populations were separately investigated in gnotobiotic rats. in the wall of the non-glandular part of the stomach, contents of the stomach and contents of the upper part of the small intestine, some pre-associated indigenous bacteria were reduced to conventional population levels by introducing three groups of lactobacilli: group i (lactobacillus acidophilus and related strains), group ii (l. fermentum) and the groups m ... | 1977 | 339040 |
| mutagenicity of fume particles from stainless steel welding. | welding fume particles collected from different welding procedures were tested for mutagenicity in escherichia coli, with the inhibition zone in pol a- as compared to pol a+, and in salmonella typhimurium, ta 100 strain. while no mutagenicity was found with mild steel welding, a mutagenic effect was established with samples from stainless steel welding. this mutagenicity was particularly associated with manual metal arc (mma) welding, and less so with metal inert-gas welding. a decrease in or an ... | 1977 | 339336 |
| streptothricin f, an inhibitor of protein synthesis with miscoding activity. | the effect of streptothricin f on macromolecular syntheses in intact cells and cell-free protein synthesis of e. coli was studied. the results indicate that protein synthesis is the primary site of inhibition by streptothricin f in growing e. coli cells. cell-free polypeptide synthesis from e. coli directed by poly (u) was inhibited, while poly (a) and poly (c) directed polypeptide syntheses were both stimulated by the drug. furthermore, streptothricin f caused misreading of translation of poly ... | 1978 | 363671 |
| interstitial nephritis in rats produced by e. coli in adjuvant: immunological findings. | an increased incidence and severity of interstitial nephritis was produced in f344/fmai rats immunized with e. coli 022 in pertussis vaccine for 12-15 months. migration of peritoneal exudate cells from immunized animals was inhibited by syngeneic kidney antigens. one out of twenty-eight immunized animals developed anti-tbm antibodies. in this model, interstitial nephritis develops in association with cell-mediated immunity to kidney tissue. | 1977 | 342152 |
| proliferative response of clonal acute myelogenous leukemia cells in localized grafts of normal bone marrow stroma to in vivo stimulation of myelopoiesis. | bone marrow from inbred wistar/furth (w/fu) rats, normal and 90% replaced by acute myelogenous leukemia (aml), was transplanted, respectively, to the left and right kidneys of adult w/fu rats. after a transient period of hypocellularity, aml grafts repopulated to pre-transplant cellularity by day 9, whereas normal bone marrow (nbm) grafts required 25 days for repopulation to pre-transplant cellularity. grafted leukemia cells remained localized to the kidney for 17 days. in nbm grafts phlebotomy ... | 1978 | 342263 |
| trna isopentenyltransferase from zea mays l. characterization of the isopentenylation reaction of trna, oligo (a) and other nucleic acids. | the extraction and purification of the trna isopentenyltransferase from maize root tips and kernels are reported. the relative amounts of this enzyme in different organs of maize have been determined. root tips have the highest enzyme activities, followed by kernels and young leaves. old leaves exhibit very low activity. the molecular mass of the monomeric enzyme was determined to be 57000 - 63000 dalton. ph and mg2 optima are in full agreement with the data reported for the enzymes from yeast a ... | 1978 | 342386 |
| alternatives to aspirin, derived from biological sources. | | 1977 | 343554 |
| evaluation of wound irrigation by pulsatile jet and conventional methods. | irrigation of wounds to remove bacteria and foreign material is an essential of wound management along with debridement. the effectiveness of saline lavage by high pressure (50 psi) pulsatile jet irrigation has been compared with conventional gravity flow and bulb syringe procedures. experimental paravertebral incisional surface wounds in 234 randomized rats were either clean or traumatized and soiled. wounds in 200 of the rats were seeded with e. coli (log 8.80). swab specimens of each wound we ... | 1978 | 343735 |
| studies on the immune response of congenitally athymic (nude) mice. | the central role of the thymus in immunity was assessed in nude mice. nudes failed to reject allografts and xenografts and to respond to foreign erythrocytes but responded normally to endotoxin and pneumococcal polysaccharide. thymus reconstitution was demonstrated in vivo and in vitro whereas reconstitution with thymic humoral factors or polyanions was not detected. coliform overgrowth and depressed iga levels in nudes appeared to contribute to wasting. these data emphasize the need for thymus ... | 1975 | 238688 |
| subcellular distribution and properties of progesterone (delta4-steroid) 5alpha-reductase in rat medial basal hypothalamus. | the subcellular distribution and properties of rat hypothalamic progesterone 5 alpha-reductase, which accelerates the conversion of progesterone to 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione, have been investigated by utilizing 3h-labeled substrate and a reverse isotopic dilution assay system. the enxymic activity was associated primarily with a cell debris-membranes fraction deribed from the 100 x g pellet. this fraction contained mainly membrane-like particulates and was free of nuclei. little or no activity ... | 1975 | 240847 |
| preventing wound infection from distant endogenous sources in the rat. | | 1977 | 319296 |
| [various aspects of resistance to bacterial infection associated with endotoxin tolerance: preliminary observations]. | | 1978 | 369573 |
| toxicity studies with decamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. | decamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that has been under investigation by the world health organization for use in some vector control programs. decamethrin proved to be a highly toxic pyrethroid ester. the acute ld50 for adult female rats was 31 mg/kg by the oral route and 4 mg/kg by the intravenous route of administration. the ld50 was observed to be sex and age dependent, with higher values recorded for weanlings and males. initial signs of decamethrin poisoning include profuse s ... | 1979 | 370325 |
| studies on the effects of c. coli endotoxin on canalicular bile formation in the isolated perfused rat liver. | the impairment of biliary excretory function induced by e. coli endotoxin in the isolated perfused rat liver was studied by investigating its effects on canalicular bile formation. in experiments where no bile salt was infused, endotoxin administration resulted in significant decreases in bile salt-independent bile flow (bsif) and sulfobromophthalein (bsp) excretion. it also caused dose-dependent decreases in the transport maximum of bsp but did not alter the ability of the liver to concentrate ... | 1977 | 320281 |
| endotoxin in germfree, gnotobiotic, or conventional-flora sprague-dawley rats. | the limulus assay for bacterial endotoxin was performed on serum and (or) plasma from animals monoassociated with clostridium species, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, enterobacter agglomerans, bacteroides fragilis, klebsiella pneumoniae, or candida albicans. plasma from animals monoassociated with the gram-negative bacteria or c. albicans consistently showed a positive limulus test while conventional-flora controls, germfree rats, and gnotobiotic animals monoassociate ... | 1978 | 371771 |
| activity of metronidazole against escherichia coli in experimental intra-abdominal sepsis. | | 1979 | 372171 |
| the effect of eight antibacterial agents on the phagocytosis of 32p-labelled escherichia coli by rat polymorphonuclear cells. | using 32p-labelled escherichia coli, the effect of 8 antibacterial agents on the ability of rat polymorphonuclear cells to ingest the labelled bacteria was studied with and without serum present during the ingestion phase. no impairment of ingestion was observed when testing gentamicin, cephalothin and trimethoprim. high doses of oxytetracycline, doxycycline, colistin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol seemed to impair ingestion. the effect was most pronounced when applying 100 mug/ml of doxycycl ... | 1977 | 320656 |
| studies of lymphocyte activating factor from alveolar macrophages. | | 1977 | 321778 |
| [relationship between the formation of antibody to common enterobacterial antigen and suppression of carcinogenesis]. | | 1978 | 347361 |
| inhibition of granulocyte chemotaxis by hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis. | we have shown in in vivo experiments that hemoglobin interferes with the attraction of polymorphonuclear granulocytes into the peritoneal cavity of rats in response to a bacterial inoculum and thus permits bacterial growth. these findings are proportional to the intraperitoneal concentration of hemoglobin. in in vitro experiments the chemotactic response of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes to zymosan activated serum as well as e. coli bacterial factor is inhibited by hemoglobin. while hemogl ... | 1977 | 376246 |
| the effects of 1,4-diaminobutanone on polyamine metabolism in bacteria, a cellular slime mould and rat tissues [proceedings]. | | 1978 | 348526 |
| [animal tissue polynucleotide phosphorylase]. | localization, physico-chemical and catalytic properties and possible biological functions of polynucleotide phosphorylase (pnpase) from animal tissues are discussed. in animal tissue cells pnpase has multiple localization; the major amount of the enzyme is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes. in the nuclei pnpase, similar to other endo- and exo-rnases participates in the processing of precursor molecules of mature forms of rna, whereas in the cytoplasm it is involved in the destruct ... | 1978 | 350293 |
| the role of lysophosphatides in cell injury. | | 1979 | 379438 |
| an emphysema-like reaction in lungs of adjuvant arthritic rats. | | 1979 | 379879 |
| construction and identification by positive hybridization-translation of a bacterial plasmid containing a rat growth hormone structural gene sequence. | the construction, identification, and use of a recombinant dna clone containing a growth hormone structural gene sequence is described. a cdna copy of partially purified pregrowth hormone mrna from cultured rat pituitary tumor (gc) cells was employed in the construction of a hybrid plasmid, designated pbr322-gh1. the cloned dna sequence was positively identified by a hybridization-translation procedure which should be applicable to any cloned structural gene sequence. this procedure involved hyb ... | 1978 | 353736 |
| a review. lessons from an animal model of intra-abdominal sepsis. | intra-abdominal sepsis that involves multiple aerobic and anaerobic bacteria derived from the colonic flora was studied in wistar rats to determine the relative roles of various microbial species. the rats challenged with pooled colonic contents showed a biphasic disease. initially, there was acute peritonitis, escherichia coli bacteremia, and high mortality. in rats that survived this acute peritonitis stage, intra-abdominal abscesses developed, and anaerobic bacteria were the preponderant orga ... | 1978 | 354591 |
| metronidazole (flagyl) and misonidazole (ro-07-0582): reduction by facultative anaerobes and cytotoxic action on hypoxic bacteria and mammalian cells in vivo. | the toxic actions of the "nitro" radiosensitizers, metronidazole and misonidazole on the bacteria e. coli b/r and serratia marcescens have been investigated under anareobic and aerobic conditions. the rates of reduction of the drugs by suspensions of these bacteria as well as by suspensions microorganisms from the rat caecum have been measured. both drugs were reduced or were toxic only under anaerobic conditions. in all instances misonidazole was reduced more rapidly than metronidazole but metr ... | 1978 | 354677 |
| [bile secretion in white rats following endotoxin effect]. | | 1979 | 384696 |
| investigations on the effectiveness of cefazedone in experimental e. coli pyelonephritis. | the therapeutic effectiveness of (6r,7r)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4h)-pyridyl]-acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, refosporen), cephazolin, cephacetrile and cephalothin was compared in the test model of estradiol-induced e. coli pyelonephritis in the rat. cefazedone and cephazolin were similar in effect. the relations between results of treatment and microbiological and pharmacokinetic characteris ... | 1979 | 385009 |
| naloxone reversal of endotoxin hypotension suggests role of endorphins in shock. | | 1978 | 357994 |
| experimental hydronephrosis. influence of infection on the histological picture. | the present paper is concerned with a histological examination of 110 pairs of rat kidneys from an experimental investigation on unilateral hydronephrosis previously published. urine sampled by puncture of the obstructed pelvis remained sterile in cultures from most of the cases, though in 22 of a total of 184 cases growth of bacteria occurred. intravenous injection of e. coli resulted in substantial growth of the bacteria in similar samples. in 2 cases the untreated control kidney displayed his ... | 1978 | 358383 |
| [primary pyelonephritis (the focal problem)]. | on different experimental models of pyelonephritis in dogs and rabbits an experiment for the classification of the pathogenesis of this disease with the special questioning of the possible development of the so-called primary pyelonephritis was performed. a series of experiments consisted of 3 groups: 1. injection of an e.-coli-suspension into the musculature of the urinary bladder of dogs and rabbits. 2. injection of an e.-coli-suspension into the testicles of rabbits. 3. injection of an e.-col ... | 1979 | 388921 |
| [natural antibodies (isohemagglutinins, heterophilic, antierythrocytic and antibacterial) in children with congenital immunologic deficiency syndromes]. | examination of 30 patients with immunodeficient diseases showed that the system of natural antibodies was considerably changed depending on the form and the extent of deficiency of the immune system: in agammaglobuinemia the antibodies under study were almost completely absent, and in immunological insufficiency with ataxia-teleangiectasis the production of antibacterial antibodies proved to be sharply decreased. the data obtained can be used both for the diagnosis of immunodeficiencies and for ... | 1978 | 358690 |
| efficacy of two trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations in experimental pyelonephritis in the rat. | co-trimazine, a new combination of trimethoprim and sulphadiazine intended for treatment of urinary tract infections, was tested and compared to co-trimoxazole in an experimental model of acute, obstructive pyelonephritis in the rat. the tests were carried out at four dose levels corresponding to the clinically recommended doses and to 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of the latter. the drugs were administered orally. co-trimazine was found to have a greater antibacterial activity than co-trimoxazole and its u ... | 1979 | 389811 |
| pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in the treatment of renal infection: a therapeutic anomaly explained. | | 1979 | 390210 |