| oral focal epithelial hyperplasia in a howler monkey (alouatta fusca). | oral focal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare and seldom reported disease in animals and humans induced by a papillomavirus. the present report is the first description of this disease in a neotropical primate, a howler monkey (alouatta fusca). the diagnosis was based on gross and microscopic findings. the generic papillomavirus antigen was identified by immunohistochemistry and was found not to be related to any human papillomavirus dna tested by in situ hybridization. this virus is probably a sp ... | 2000 | 11055880 |
| a newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease. | from 28 young children in the netherlands, we isolated a paramyxovirus that was identified as a tentative new member of the metapneumovirus genus based on virological data, sequence homology and gene constellation. previously, avian pneumovirus was the sole member of this recently assigned genus, hence the provisional name for the newly discovered virus: human metapneumovirus. the clinical symptoms of the children from whom the virus was isolated were similar to those caused by human respiratory ... | 2001 | 11385510 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in young and elderly adults. | human metapneumovirus virus (hmpv) is a newly discovered respiratory pathogen with limited epidemiological data available. cohorts of young and older adults were prospectively evaluated for hmpv infection during 2 winter seasons. patients hospitalized for cardiopulmonary conditions during that period were also studied. overall, 44 (4.5%) of 984 illnesses were associated with hmpv infection, and 9 (4.1%) of 217 asymptomatic subjects were infected. there was a significant difference in rates of hm ... | 2003 | 12599052 |
| asthma exacerbations in children associated with rhinovirus but not human metapneumovirus infection. | children with asthma were studied during the southern hemisphere winter and summer of 2001-2002. human rhinovirus (hrv) was significantly associated (p=.0001) with asthma exacerbations in winter and spring/summer, but not in intervening asymptomatic periods. although hrv was also found in children with upper respiratory tract infection (urti) who underwent sampling at the same time, it was present in significantly higher numbers of children with symptomatic asthma (p<.0001). human metapneumoviru ... | 2003 | 12696012 |
| seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus in japan. | a new human pneumovirus, provisionally designated human metapneumovirus, was discovered by dutch researchers. we examined 142 serum samples from the general population aged from 1 month to 35 years in japan for human metapneumovirus antibody by indirect immunofluorescence assays using human metapneumovirus-infected monkey kidney cells. the overall prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection was 72.5%. the seropositive rate was lowest in the age group of 6 months to 1 year and gradually increas ... | 2003 | 12696118 |
| epidemiology, clinical presentation and laboratory investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in canada, march 2003. | as of 23 march, 2003, 11 cases of sars have been reported in canada. three patients had travelled to china, including hong kong sar. the remaining eight had a history of close contact with cases. there have been three deaths. to date, evidence for human metapneumovirus has been found in six cases; further studies are ongoing to determine whether this virus is the causative agent of the sars or whether other, so far undetected, pathogens are responsible. public health measures are being implement ... | 2003 | 12710251 |
| the classification of viruses infecting the respiratory tract. | following the boom in respiratory virology in the 1960s, species of rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus were added to influenza and measles viruses as causes of respiratory tract infection. in restricted patient groups, such as the immunocompromised, members of the family of herpesviruses including herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, epstein-barr virus and human herpes virus 6 have also been associat ... | 2003 | 12758044 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized children. | we evaluated the percentage of hospitalizations for acute respiratory tract infections in children < or =3 years of age attributable to human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and other respiratory viruses in a prospective study during winter and spring 2002. we used real-time polymerase chain assays and other conventional diagnostic methods to detect hmpv, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), and influenza viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates of children. hmpv was detected in 12 (6%) of the 208 childr ... | 2003 | 12781001 |
| lung pathology of fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is a novel infectious disease with global impact. a virus from the family coronaviridae has been identified as the cause, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. | 2003 | 12781536 |
| [detection of human metapneumovirus from wheezing children in japan]. | | 2003 | 12872699 |
| [human metapneumovirus: a new agent in the differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infection]. | | 2003 | 12882740 |
| newly discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. | the worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is associated with a newly discovered coronavirus, sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). we did clinical and experimental studies to assess the role of this virus in the cause of sars. | 2003 | 12892955 |
| comparative evaluation of real-time pcr assays for detection of the human metapneumovirus. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a new member of the paramyxoviridae family associated with acute respiratory tract infections in humans. the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity of real-time rt-pcr assays performed in a lightcycler instrument and designed to amplify the viral nucleoprotein (n), matrix (m), fusion (f), phosphoprotein (p), and polymerase (l) genes. in a first evaluation of 20 viral cultures with characteristics compatible with hmpv cytopathic effect, the pcr ... | 2003 | 12904367 |
| comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin and immune serum globulin in vitro. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly recognized pathogen that like its better-known relative, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), appears to be ubiquitous and an important cause of respiratory disease in diverse subpopulations. no antivirals or vaccines are currently approved for the treatment or prevention of hmpv infections. however, ribavirin is licensed to treat serious hrsv-induced infections in children and immune globulin designed for intravenous administration (i.v.ig) and paliv ... | 2003 | 14516921 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in the canadian population. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered paramyxovirus, has been associated with acute respiratory tract infections (aris) ranging from upper aris to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. important questions remain on the contribution of hmpv to aris and its impact on public health. during the 2001-2002 season, we conducted a collaborative study with four provincial public health laboratories to study the prevalence of this new virus in the canadian population. a total of 445 specimens wer ... | 2003 | 14532196 |
| influenza-related hospitalizations among young children in leicestershire. | population-based data on influenza hospitalizations are unavailable in the united kingdom, but they represent an essential component of health economic analyses that could support the use of vaccines and antiinfluenza drugs in healthy children. we collected data on hospitalizations for influenza infections among young children in leicester, uk. | 2003 | 14551481 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in thai children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) associated with clinical respiratory tract infection (rti) in children was first isolated in the netherlands. of 120 thai paediatric patients with rti examined, 5 cases (4.2%) showed detectable hmpv based on n-gene-specific rt-pcr. all of them were negative for hrsv infection. aligning the sequences with a reference strain revealed some nucleotide differences, which necessitates future investigation to evaluate clinical significance and genotype variation. | 2003 | 14606616 |
| national disease burden of respiratory viruses detected in children by polymerase chain reaction. | the epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory viruses at the children's hospital of wisconsin between 1996 and 1998 was examined with molecular [multiplex (m) pcr] and standard virologic methods. | 2004 | 14730265 |
| [sars-associated coronavirus gene fragments were detected from a suspected pediatric sars patient]. | a special "fever and cough" clinic was set up at the children's hospital affiliated to capital institute of pediatrics for children with symptoms of fever and cough in late april when the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) epidemic was at its peak in beijing to separate the children with fever from others during their visit to the outpatient department. | 2003 | 14733796 |
| human metapneumovirus: a not so new virus. | | 2004 | 14743038 |
| human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in otherwise healthy infants and children. | we sought to determine the role of human metapneumovirus in lower respiratory tract illness in previously healthy infants and children. | 2004 | 14749452 |
| sequence polymorphism of the predicted human metapneumovirus g glycoprotein. | the putative g glycoprotein genes of 25 human metapneumovirus (hmpv) field isolates obtained during five consecutive epidemic seasons (1997 to 2002) were sequenced. sequence alignments identified two major genetic groups, designated groups 1 and 2, and two minor genetic clusters within each major group, designated subgroups a and b. extensive nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence variability was observed, consisting of high rates of nucleotide substitutions, use of alternative transcription ... | 2004 | 14993653 |
| real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay for detection of human metapneumoviruses from all known genetic lineages. | the discovery of human metapneumovirus and its implications for respiratory tract disease have emphasized the need for a sensitive, specific, and rapid assay to detect this virus in a clinical setting. it recently became clear that human metapneumovirus can be grouped into at least four genetic lineages. previously described assays for the detection of human metapneumovirus were developed by using limited sequence information and failed to detect viruses from all four genetic lineages with compa ... | 2004 | 15004041 |
| recovery of human metapneumovirus from cdna: optimization of growth in vitro and expression of additional genes. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently recognized causative agent of respiratory tract disease in individuals of all ages and especially young infants. hmpv remains poorly characterized and has been reported to replicate inefficiently in vitro. complete consensus sequences were recently determined for two isolates representing the two proposed hmpv genetic subgroups. we have developed a reverse genetic system to produce one of these isolates, can97-83, entirely from cdna. we also recovered a ... | 2004 | 15051385 |
| animal pneumoviruses: molecular genetics and pathogenesis. | pneumoviruses are single-stranded, negative-sense, nonsegmented rna viruses of the family paramyxoviridae, subfamily pneumovirinae, and include pathogens that infect humans (respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus), domestic mammals (bovine, ovine, and caprine respiratory syncytial viruses), rodents (pneumonia virus of mice), and birds (avian metapneumovirus). among the topics considered in this review are recent studies focused on the roles of the individual virus-encoded componen ... | 2004 | 15084507 |
| human metapneumovirus and lower respiratory tract disease in children. | | 2004 | 15103007 |
| experimental human metapneumovirus infection of cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) results in virus replication in ciliated epithelial cells and pneumocytes with associated lesions throughout the respiratory tract. | a substantial proportion of hitherto unexplained respiratory tract illnesses is associated with human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection. this virus also was found in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars). to determine the dynamics and associated lesions of hmpv infection, six cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) were inoculated with hmpv and examined by pathological and virological assays. they were euthanized at 5 (n = 2) or 9 (n = 2) days post-infection (dpi), or monitored ... | 2004 | 15161626 |
| [clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis caused by human metapneumovirus in infants]. | the fact that the acute lower respiratory infections (alri) are associated with a newly discovered virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), has been shown in several studies. the authors conducted this study to understand the etiological and clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis, one of the most common alri in infants, caused by hmpv. | 2004 | 15189701 |
| sars and common viral infections. | in california, molecular testing was useful in decreasing suspicion for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), by detecting common respiratory pathogens (influenza a/b, human metapneumovirus, picornavirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia spp., parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus) in 23 (45%) of 51 patients with suspected sars and 9 (47%) of 19 patients with probable sars. | 2004 | 15207072 |
| global genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus fusion gene. | we analyzed 64 human metapneumovirus strains from eight countries. phylogenetic analysis identified two groups (a and b, amino acid identity 93%-96%) and four subgroups. although group a strains predominated, accounting for 69% of all strains, as many b as a strains were found in persons >3 years of age. | 2004 | 15207075 |
| human metapneumovirus and severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | we screened 23 children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and 23 children with mild rsv disease for human metapneumovirus (hmpv). although hmpv was circulating in connecticut, none of the 46 rsv-infected patients tested positive for hmpv. in our study population, hmpv did not contribute to the severity of rsv disease. | 2004 | 15324559 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus in two tunisian children. | | 2004 | 15479580 |
| early reinfection with human metapneumovirus in an infant. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the major pathogens of respiratory illness. reinfection with hmpv occurs frequently throughout life. we describe an infant who was infected with two different hmpv strains during a period of only 1 month. | 2004 | 15583349 |
| dual infection of infants by human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus is strongly associated with severe bronchiolitis. | the association between severe bronchiolitis and dual infection by human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) was investigated in <2-year-old infants with bronchiolitis who were admitted to the hospital during the 2001-2002 winter season. hmpv in nasopharyngeal aspirate and/or cells and fluid collected by nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). hrsv was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate and ... | 2004 | 15633097 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions by an immunofluorescent-antibody test. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen associated with respiratory tract infections, primarily in young children, immunocompromised individuals, and elderly individuals. reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) has been reported to be a more sensitive method for the diagnosis of hmpv infections than virus isolation by culture and serological study. however, there has been no report on rapid methods, such as an immunofluorescent-antibody test or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent as ... | 2005 | 15750074 |
| seroepidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) on the basis of a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing hmpv fusion protein expressed in recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified human respiratory virus now recognized as a major respiratory pathogen of infants and children. to define the seroepidemiology of hmpv, we developed a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on expression of the fusion protein of hmpv (hmpv f) in recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). western blot analysis using an hmpv f-specific antiserum confirmed the expression of hmpv in recombinant vsv. the elisa is specific for hmpv f ... | 2005 | 15750086 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus rna sequences in nasopharyngeal aspirates of young french children with acute bronchiolitis by real-time reverse transcriptase pcr and phylogenetic analysis. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was the unique viral pathogen detected by a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) assay in 6 (6.4%) of 94 consecutive french children hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis from september 2001 to june 2002. this virus was identified as the third etiological cause of bronchiolitis, after respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus (35 [37%] and 21 [22%] of 94 cases, respectively). phylogenetic analysis of f-gene sequences demonstrated the cocirculation of distinct ... | 2005 | 15750120 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: high-resolution computed tomography findings. | to review the high-resolution computed tomography (ct) findings in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hct) recipients who had proven human metapneumovirus (hmpv) pneumonia. | 2005 | 15772541 |
| frequency of human metapneumovirus in the upper respiratory tract of children with symptoms of an acute otitis media. | | 2005 | 15772811 |
| development of a cotton rat-human metapneumovirus (hmpv) model for identifying and evaluating potential hmpv antivirals and vaccines. | hispid cotton rats were inoculated with two different human metapneumovirus (hmpv) subtype a strains and one subtype b hmpv. although no overt disease was seen in any virus-inoculated animal, following an eclipse phase, significant pulmonary virus titers were observed in every hmpv-inoculated animal through day 7 post virus inoculation (p.i.) and in most through day 10. peak virus titers occurred four days p.i., while virus-induced histopathology was most evident in lung sections obtained from a ... | 2005 | 15781133 |
| human metapneumovirus: an important cause of respiratory disease in children and adults. | human metapneumovirus is a paramyxovirus that was discovered in 2001 in the netherlands. epidemiologic studies have shown it to be a major cause of acute respiratory tract disease in normal infants and children worldwide, with a seasonal occurrence and spectrum of clinical illness most similar to the closely related respiratory syncytial virus. the greatest prevalence of severe disease requiring hospitalization in otherwise healthy children appears to be in those aged between 6 and 12 months, ol ... | 2005 | 15847723 |
| development of three multiplex rt-pcr assays for the detection of 12 respiratory rna viruses. | three multiplex hemi-nested rt-pcr assays were developed to detect simultaneously 12 rna respiratory viruses: influenza viruses a, b and c, human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), parainfluenza virus types 1-4 (piv-1, -2, -3 and -4), human coronavirus oc43 and 229e (hcov) and rhinovirus (hrv). an internal amplification control was included in one of the rt-pcr assays. the rt-pcr multiplex 1 and the hemi-nested multiplex 1 detected 1 and 0.1 tcid50 of rsv a, respec ... | 2005 | 15847919 |
| the immune response to human metapneumovirus is associated with aberrant immunity and impaired virus clearance in balb/c mice. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), recently identified in isolates from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract illness, is associated with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, asthma exacerbation, and acute bronchiolitis in young children. hmpv has been shown to cocirculate with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and mediate clinical disease features similarly to rsv. little is known regarding the pathophysiology or immune response associated with hmpv infection; thus, animal models are needed ... | 2005 | 15857983 |
| [epidemiology of human metapneumovirus in respiratory tract diseases of children: preliminary results]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified agent responsible for respiratory tract infections in children, especially before one year of age. a prospective epidemiological study is underway to better define the spectrum of the disease in france. | 2005 | 15893242 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in adults with and without respiratory illness. | reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) is a powerful tool that allows the detection of minute quantities of viral rna. because of the sensitivity of these assays it is possible that the finding of viral rna indicates not only active infection but also transient colonization or residual nucleic acid from a distant infection. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two viruses for which rt-pcr is now frequently used for diagnosis in adult disease. | 2006 | 15919236 |
| [human metapneumovirus respiratory infections]. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently decribed virus, belonging to the family paramyxoviridae, isolated from the respiratory tract of patients of all ages, but mostly in young children. epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapy of infections from hmpv are briefly discussed. | 2005 | 15929610 |
| diagnosis of human metapneumovirus and rhinovirus in patients with respiratory tract infections by an internally controlled multiplex real-time rna pcr. | adequate laboratory diagnosis of human rhinoviruses (hrv) and human metapneumoviruses (h mpv) requires molecular methods as viral culture lacks sensitivity. however, setting up individual pcrs for all respiratory viruses is not practical so preferentially multiplex pcrs are used. | 2005 | 15994117 |
| clinical impact of community-acquired respiratory viruses on bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant. | community-acquired viral respiratory tract infections (rti) in lung transplant recipients may have a high rate of progression to pneumonia and can be a trigger for immunologically mediated detrimental effects on lung function. a cohort of 100 patients was enrolled from 2001 to 2003 in which 50 patients had clinically diagnosed viral rti and 50 were asymptomatic. all patients had nasopharyngeal and throat swabs taken for respiratory virus antigen detection, culture and rt-pcr. all patients had pu ... | 2005 | 15996256 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in adults with community-acquired pneumonia and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | we tested nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction assays and paired serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. acute human metapneumovirus infections were identified in 6 (4.1%) of 145 adult patients who presented to the emergency department for pneumonia or acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during 2 winter/spring seasons in quebec, canada. | 2005 | 16028158 |
| the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus) is a permissive small animal model of human metapneumovirus infection, pathogenesis, and protective immunity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly described paramyxovirus that is an important cause of acute respiratory tract disease. we undertook to develop a small animal model of hmpv infection, pathogenesis, and protection. hamsters, guinea pigs, cotton rats, and nine inbred strains of mice were inoculated intranasally with hmpv. the animals were sacrificed, and nasal and lung tissue virus yields were determined by plaque titration. none of the animals exhibited respiratory symptoms. the quantity o ... | 2005 | 16103146 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in mexico: epidemiological and clinical characteristics. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described respiratory rna virus that mainly affects children. to date there has not been a report that describes the detection of this virus in mexico. this study was performed to detect hmpv in hospitalized mexican children with respiratory infections, and describe their epidemiological and clinical characteristics. nasal wash samples from 558 children younger than 3 years of age with the admission diagnosis of a respiratory tract infection were ev ... | 2005 | 16157552 |
| infection of nonhuman primates with recombinant human metapneumovirus lacking the sh, g, or m2-2 protein categorizes each as a nonessential accessory protein and identifies vaccine candidates. | recombinant human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in which the sh, g, or m2 gene or open reading frame was deleted by reverse genetics was evaluated for replication and vaccine efficacy following topical administration to the respiratory tract of african green monkeys, a permissive primate host. replication of the deltash virus was only marginally less efficient than that of wild-type hmpv, whereas the deltag and deltam2-2 viruses were reduced sixfold and 160-fold in the upper respiratory tract and 3,200 ... | 2005 | 16160190 |
| [human metapneumovirus]. | | 2005 | 16238929 |
| [human metapneumovirus--occurrence and clinical significance]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was isolated for the first time in 2001 from young children with acute respiratory tract infection. | 2005 | 16244677 |
| epidemiological survey of human metapneumovirus infection in a large pediatric tertiary care center. | the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was recently identified and linked to acute respiratory tract infections (arti). to assess the clinical importance of this virus in infants and children, we developed a rapid and efficient reverse transcription-pcr-based screening method for a large volume of samples and tested retrospectively a collection of 1,132 respiratory specimens submitted over a full year period to the virology laboratory of a large tertiary care pediatric center in montreal, canada. a to ... | 2005 | 16272480 |
| pneumonia in older adults. new categories add complexity to diagnosis and care. | the microbiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in older adults, particularly in residents of long-term care facilities, differs from that in the general us population. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are important, newly appreciated causes of pneumonia and triggers of comorbid disease exacerbations that often lead to hospitalization of high-risk elderly patients with underlying heart or lung disease. here, dr high examines the diagnostic and treatment s ... | 2005 | 16296261 |
| individual contributions of the human metapneumovirus f, g, and sh surface glycoproteins to the induction of neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. | we evaluated the individual contributions of the three surface glycoproteins of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), namely the fusion f, attachment g, and small hydrophobic sh proteins, to the induction of serum hmpv-binding antibodies, serum hmpv-neutralizing antibodies, and protective immunity. using reverse genetics, each hmpv protein was expressed individually from an added gene in recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 1 (rhpiv1) and used to infect hamsters once or twice by the intranasal rou ... | 2006 | 16300813 |
| emerging viral infections after hematopoietic cell transplantation. | this overview summarizes recent data on emerging viruses after hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct), including adenovirus, bk virus, human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human herpesvirus (hhv) 6. the increased recognition of these infections is due to improved molecular detection methods, increased surveillance and more profound immunosuppression in the host. adenovirus can cause serious disease especially in t-cell depleted transplant recipients. adenovirus viremia is an important risk factor ... | 2005 | 16305617 |
| human metapneumovirus: a ubiquitous and long-standing respiratory pathogen. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described human pathogen first identified in respiratory specimens of young children suffering from respiratory syndromes ranging from mild to severe. | 2005 | 16378047 |
| the role of human metapneumovirus in upper respiratory tract infections in children: a 20-year experience. | the role that human metapneumovirus (hmpv) plays in the etiology of upper respiratory tract infections (uris) in children over a period of many years has not been evaluated previously. | 2006 | 16388486 |
| [seroprevalence of antibody against human metapneumovirus in beijing]. | to understand the seroprevalence of antibody against the newly identified human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in beijing. | 2005 | 16412351 |
| association of human metapneumovirus with acute otitis media. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus that has been associated with acute upper and lower respiratory infection (lri) in infants and children worldwide. we previously observed that one-third of the children with hmpv-associated lri had been diagnosed with a concomitant acute otitis media (aom). in the current study, we sought to investigate an association between hmpv and children presenting with aom as a primary diagnosis. | 2006 | 16427144 |
| novel human metapneumovirus sublineage. | in a pediatric surveillance network, 287 (5.1%) of 5,580 specimens from patients with acute respiratory infections tested positive for human metapneumovirus (hmpv). phylogenetic analysis of n- and f-gene sequences of identified hmpv showed that 30% belonged to a novel phylogenetic cluster. | 2006 | 16494734 |
| brief communication: fatal human metapneumovirus infection in stem-cell transplant recipients. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a recently discovered respiratory virus, is associated with clinical disease in young and elderly persons. | 2006 | 16520475 |
| developments in antiviral drug design, discovery and development in 2004. | this article summarizes key aspects of progress made during 2004 toward the design, discovery and development of antiviral agents for clinical use. important developments in the identification, characterization and clinical utility of inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus; the hepatitis viruses, hepatitis b, hepatitis c; the herpes family of viruses, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, epstein-barr virus and human cytomegalovirus; the respiratory viruses, influenza, resp ... | 2005 | 16535860 |
| enhanced identification of viral and atypical bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract samples with nucleic acid amplification tests. | the advantages of nucleic acid amplification tests (nat) over conventional methods for the detection of pathogens in lower respiratory tract samples have not been established. nat for respiratory pathogens were performed on 439 endotracheal tube (ett) and bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) samples. a potential pathogen was detected in 87 samples. of 22 samples that tested positive by conventional methods, 15 tested positive for the same pathogen by nat, 1 tested positive for a different pathogen, 2 ha ... | 2006 | 16555283 |
| human metapneumovirus infections cause similar symptoms and clinical severity as respiratory syncytial virus infections. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered pathogen in respiratory tract infection. the published literature suggests milder illness severity in hmpv compared with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. in two consecutive seasons, 637 nasopharyngeal aspirates from pediatric patients were tested by hmpv polymerase chain reaction, and risk factors and clinical and laboratory items were analyzed. the hmpv patients were compared with hmpv-negative but rsv-positive patients by matche ... | 2006 | 16607540 |
| human metapneumovirus elicits weak ifn-gamma memory responses compared with respiratory syncytial virus. | human metapneumovirus (mpv) is a recently discovered pathogen that causes repeated lower respiratory tract infections beginning in infancy. the prevalence, nature and control of human regulatory responses to mpv are unknown. in this study, we develop and optimize systems to evaluate mpv-driven cytokine responses. using primary culture of human pbmc from previously exposed adults, mpv-stimulated responses were directly compared with those elicited by genetically and clinically similar respiratory ... | 2006 | 16670291 |
| genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus over 4 consecutive years in australia. | the molecular epidemiologic profile of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection has likely been skewed toward certain genetic subtypes because of assay-design issues, and no comprehensive studies have been conducted to date. here, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to screen 10,319 specimens from patients presenting to hospitals with suspected respiratory tract infections during 2001-2004. after analysis of 727 australian hmpv strains, 640 were assigned to 1 of 4 previously d ... | 2006 | 16703505 |
| recovery of avian metapneumovirus subgroup c from cdna: cross-recognition of avian and human metapneumovirus support proteins. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv) causes an acute respiratory disease in turkeys and is associated with "swollen head syndrome" in chickens, contributing to significant economic losses for the u.s. poultry industry. with a long-term goal of developing a better vaccine for controlling ampv in the united states, we established a reverse genetics system to produce infectious ampv of subgroup c entirely from cdna. a cdna clone encoding the entire 14,150-nucleotide genome of ampv subgroup c strain colorad ... | 2006 | 16731918 |
| comparison of real-time pcr assays with fluorescent-antibody assays for diagnosis of respiratory virus infections in children. | conventional fluorescent-antibody (fa) methods were compared to real-time pcr assays for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus type a (flua), parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 (piv1, piv2, and piv3), human metapneumovirus (mpv), and adenovirus (adv) in 1,138 specimens from children with respiratory illnesses collected over a 1-year period. at least one virus was detected in 436 (38.3%) specimens by fa and in 608 (53.4%) specimens by pcr (p<0.001). specimen quality w ... | 2006 | 16825353 |
| persistent symptomless human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | sequential nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients without respiratory symptoms undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) were tested for genomic rna of human metapneumovirus (hmpv). persistent hmpv infection was documented in most of them and confirmed by virus isolation. hmpv infection etiology was also evaluated during the same period in samples from pediatric patients with acute respiratory diseases (ards). sequence analysis of hmpv in hsct recipients documented infection by h ... | 2006 | 16845630 |
| epidemiology of human metapneumovirus. | since the discovery of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in 2001, the virus has been identified worldwide. hmpv is a common respiratory pathogen, particularly in infants and young children. the virus is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections and may be a trigger for asthma. at least two major genotypes of hmpv circulate during community outbreaks. whether these genotypes represent distinct serotypes remains controversial. the major challenges faced by the medical and scient ... | 2006 | 16847085 |
| frequent detection of human rhinoviruses, paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses, and bocavirus during acute respiratory tract infections. | viruses are the major cause of pediatric acute respiratory tract infection (arti) and yet many suspected cases of infection remain uncharacterized. we employed 17 pcr assays and retrospectively screened 315 specimens selected by season from a predominantly pediatric hospital-based population. before the brisbane respiratory virus research study commenced, one or more predominantly viral pathogens had been detected in 15.2% (n = 48) of all specimens. the brisbane study made an additional 206 vira ... | 2006 | 16847968 |
| isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies which neutralize human metapneumovirus in vitro and in vivo. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described member of the paramyxoviridae family/pneumovirinae subfamily and shares many common features with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), another member of the same subfamily. hmpv causes respiratory tract illnesses that, similar to human rsv, occur predominantly during the winter months and have symptoms that range from mild to severe cough, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. like rsv, the hmpv virus can be subdivided into two genetic subgroups, a and ... | 2006 | 16873237 |
| role of metapneumovirus in viral respiratory infections in young children. | the contribution of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) relative to that of other respiratory viruses as a cause of respiratory infections in children less than 1 year old has been evaluated. from october 2003 to april 2004, nasopharyngeal samples from 211 children less than 1 year old were analyzed to detect respiratory viruses. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was the predominant virus isolated (96 children [45.5%]), followed by influenza a virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, an ... | 2006 | 16891486 |
| characterization of human metapneumovirus f protein-promoted membrane fusion: critical roles for proteolytic processing and low ph. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described human pathogen of the pneumovirus subfamily within the paramyxovirus family. hmpv infection is prevalent worldwide and is associated with severe respiratory disease, particularly in infants. the hmpv fusion protein (f) amino acid sequence contains features characteristic of other paramyxovirus f proteins, including a putative cleavage site and potential n-linked glycosylation sites. propagation of hmpv in cell culture requires exogenous trypsi ... | 2006 | 16971452 |
| multi-year study of human metapneumovirus infection at a large us midwestern medical referral center. | because of its recent identification, few multi-year epidemiologic studies of hmpv infection have been reported. | 2006 | 17008122 |
| human metapneumovirus fusion protein vaccines that are immunogenic and protective in cotton rats. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently described paramyxovirus that is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory infection in children and adults worldwide. a safe and effective vaccine could decrease the burden of disease associated with this novel pathogen. we previously reported the development of the cotton rat model of hmpv infection and pathogenesis (j. v. williams et al., j. virol. 79:10944-10951, 2005). we report here the immunogenicity of an hmpv fusion (f) protein in this model. ... | 2007 | 17050599 |
| human metapneumovirus infections among children with acute respiratory infections seen in a large referral hospital in india. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children <5 years of age in developing countries. human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly described respiratory pathogen, has been identified as an important cause of ari in young children. | 2007 | 17085070 |
| serosurvey of human metapneumovirus infection in croatia. | to assess the seroprevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in croatia. | 2006 | 17167860 |
| animal models for human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections. | since its detection in 2001 the human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a member of the paramyxoviridae family, was observed to be a serious pathogen in human respiratory infections during childhood. meanwhile, several animal models have been established to study the virus-host interactions and pathogenic effects. mainly, small laboratory animals like mice and cotton rats have been used, although the usage of these two species for hmpv research is controversially discussed and contradictious results were ... | 2007 | 17181987 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of hmpv, rsv and rvs infections in young children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has recently been isolated from children with acute respiratory tract infections (rtis). the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hmpv infection need further investigation. | 2007 | 17241812 |
| spectrum of viruses and atypical bacteria in intercontinental air travelers with symptoms of acute respiratory infection. | respiratory infections after air travel are frequent, but epidemiological data are incomplete. using sensitive polymerase chain reactions, we studied the spectrum of atypical bacteria and respiratory viruses in travelers fulfilling the case definition of severe acute respiratory syndrome. a pathogen was identified in 67 travelers (43.2%). influenza and parainfluenza viruses were most prevalent, at 14.2% and 15.5%, respectively. prevalences of adenoviruses, human metapneumovirus, coronaviruses, a ... | 2007 | 17262708 |
| clinical findings and unusual epidemiologic characteristics of human metapneumovirus infections in children in the region of basel, switzerland. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) worldwide causes respiratory tract infections with features similar to those of rsv infection. we describe features of hmpv infections in children and compare some of the characteristics with those of rsv infections. from october 2004 to february 2006, 75 patients, 34 hospitalized and 41 outpatients, were diagnosed with hmpv infections by multiplex pcr applied to nasopharyngeal specimens. while hmpv was found rarely in the early phase of the study, a significant incr ... | 2008 | 17297613 |
| frequent frameshift and point mutations in the sh gene of human metapneumovirus passaged in vitro. | during the preparation of recombinant derivatives of the can97-83 clinical isolate of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), consensus nucleotide sequencing of the recovered rna genomes provided evidence of frequent sequence heterogeneity at a number of genome positions. this heterogeneity was suggestive of sizable subpopulations containing mutations. an analysis of molecularly cloned cdnas confirmed the presence of mixed populations. the biologically derived virus on which the recombinant system is base ... | 2007 | 17376897 |
| respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus among elderly patients. | | 2007 | 17407032 |
| severe human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized children. | human metapneumovirus is a recently discovered pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract disease in children. this study describes the course of illness in hospitalized children with this infection. during a 6-month period, 11 children were diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. oxygen supplementation was required for 82% of patients. severe disease developed in 45%, and mechanical ventilation was required. an apparent life ... | 2007 | 17416883 |
| human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly discovered paramyxovirus associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections most commonly in young children, elderly subjects, and immunocompromised patients. hmpv can cause severe infections such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia and is responsible for 5 to 10% of hospitalizations of children suffering from acute respiratory tract infections. such infections are indistinguishable from those caused by human respiratory syncytial virus. the first hmp ... | 2007 | 17458775 |
| outbreak of human metapneumovirus detected by use of the vero e6 cell line in isolates collected in yamagata, japan, in 2004 and 2005. | a number of epidemiological studies have shown human metapneumovirus (hmpv) to be one of the most important viral agents associated with acute respiratory infections in humans. however, due to the difficulty in growing the virus, all epidemiological studies of hmpv infection have been performed on the basis of the molecular method. thus, the development of a cell line suitable for the isolation of hmpv from clinical specimens is a crucial step for further research. using the vero e6 cell line, w ... | 2007 | 17460056 |
| diagnosis of a critical respiratory illness caused by human metapneumovirus by use of a pan-virus microarray. | a pan-virus dna microarray (virochip) was used to detect a human metapneumovirus (hmpv) strain associated with a critical respiratory tract infection in an elderly adult with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. this infection had previously eluded diagnosis despite extensive microbiological testing for possible etiologic agents. the patient's hmpv strain did not grow in viral culture, and only one of five specific reverse transcription-pcr assays for hmpv was positive. | 2007 | 17494722 |
| impact of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus co-infection in severe bronchiolitis. | we have previously shown high rates of co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in infants with severe bronchiolitis at our institution in 2000-2002, and that co-infection was associated with increased disease severity. in this study, we have attempted to identify differences in intubated infants with severe rsv infection with and without hmpv co-infection. here we show that rsv+/hmpv+ were clinically symptomatic for longer than rsv+/hmpv- infants, but ... | 2007 | 17588245 |
| cytokine profiles in the respiratory tract during primary infection with human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, or influenza virus in infants. | we characterized the t helper cytokine profiles in the respiratory tract of infants infected with influenza virus, human metapneumovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus to examine whether these agents elicit similar cytokine responses and whether t helper type 2 polarization is associated with wheezing and severe disease. | 2007 | 17671045 |
| newly discovered respiratory viruses: significance and implications. | with the recent advances in molecular biology and the ability to amplify viral genomes in a non-sequence-dependent manner, several previously unidentified human respiratory viruses have been discovered. there are accumulating data that some of these new pathogens are responsible for a substantial proportion of respiratory tract diseases, particularly in children. this review will focus on several of these newly identified pathogens for which there are clinical data implicating a role of these vi ... | 2007 | 17689145 |
| seasonality, incidence, and repeat human metapneumovirus lower respiratory tract infections in an area with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection. | there is limited information regarding the epidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) from africa, despite it being identified as a common pathogen in children with pneumonia. | 2007 | 17848880 |
| immunization of syrian golden hamsters with f subunit vaccine of human metapneumovirus induces protection against challenge with homologous or heterologous strains. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered paramyxovirus, is associated with acute respiratory-tract illness, primarily in young children, individuals with underlying disease and the elderly. two genetic lineages of hmpv circulate around the world, and viruses from these two lineages demonstrate antigenic differences. the clinical impact of hmpv warrants the development of vaccines. recombinant soluble fusion (f) proteins of prototype viruses of the two main lineages of hmpv that can be pr ... | 2007 | 17872522 |
| [analysis of neutralizing activity of sera from 0 to 6 years old children in chongqing area against human metapneumovirus]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been identified as one of the most important viral pathogens for acute respiratory tract infections in children. this study was to observe neutralizing activity to hmpv in sera collected from children without respiratory illnesses aged 0 to 6 years and to investigate the correlation between the level of hmpv igg antibody and neutralizing activity in the same serum. | 2007 | 17880789 |
| a fatal case of encephalopathy possibly associated with human metapneumovirus infection. | | 2007 | 17881883 |
| most human metapneumovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus in infant nasal secretions is cell free. | nasopharyngeal secretions aspirated from infants with bronchiolitis (npa) are a valuable resource for the study of virus dynamics and local inflammatory responses, however samples are small and difficult to manipulate. | 2007 | 17920332 |
| positive natural selection in the evolution of human metapneumovirus attachment glycoprotein. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a newly discovered virus of the family paramyxoviridae, has been associated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections in different age groups in many countries. the putative attachment (g) glycoprotein of this virus was previously reported to have shown more extensive nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence polymorphism than any other genomic regions of this virus, leading to four sub-lineages. using a maximum likelihood-based codon substitution model of ... | 2008 | 17931731 |