| survey of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture, japan. | serological tests were performed to investigate extent of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for ehrlichia canis. two of 19 dogs (10.5%) were positive for rickettsia japonica. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for babesia gibsoni. none of these animals were positive for coxiella burnetii or hepatozoon canis. a microfilaria was detected in a drop smear of hemolymph from an engorged femal ... | 1998 | 9673953 |
| hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of rio de janeiro state, brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. manifestation of h. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. the main vector of the infection is the dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. h. canis has been reported previously in brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. th ... | 2001 | 11113545 |
| diagnosis of hepatozoon spp. in amblyomma ovale and its experimental transmission in domestic dogs in brazil. | transmission of hepatozoon spp. to dogs was investigated using four species of ixodid ticks: rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma aureolatum, amblyomma ovale and amblyomma cajennense. we collected completely or partially engorged adult ticks of these species from dogs that were naturally infested and positive for hepatozoon spp. we selected some of these ixodids and inoculated them orally in four negative dogs. the other ticks were dissected and examined for oocysts. of all dogs inoculated orally ... | 2005 | 16081219 |
| molecular and parasitological survey of hepatozoon canis (apicomplexa: hepatozoidae) in dogs from rural area of sao paulo state, brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a protozoan that infects dogs and is transmitted by the ingestion of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. two distinct species of hepatozoon genus can infect dogs, h. canis and h. americanum. routine tests to detect the disease are based on direct examination of gametocytes on giemsa-stained blood smears. the objectives of this study were the investigation of infection prevalence in rural area dogs, the comparison of diagnostics by blood smear examination and polymer ... | 2008 | 18188597 |
| imported and travelling dogs as carriers of canine vector-borne pathogens in germany. | abstract: | 2010 | 20377872 |
| molecular characterization of hepatozoon spp. infection in endangered indian wild felids and canids. | hepatozoon species are parasites that infect a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. the objective of this study was to perform the molecular detection and characterization of hepatozoon spp. in asiatic lion, indian tiger, indian leopard, indian wild dog, indian domestic dog and cat based on partial 18s rrna gene sequences from hepatozoon spp. in the naturally infected animals. hepatozoon spp. could be detected in blood samples of 5 out of 9 asiatic lions, 2 out of 5 indian tigers, 2 out of ... | 2011 | 22154254 |
| failure of combination therapy with imidocarb dipropionate and toltrazuril to clear hepatozoon canis infection in dogs. | current treatments with imidocarb dipropionate for infected dogs with hepatozoon canis do not always provide parasitological cure. the objective of this study is to determine whether concomitant use of toltrazuril may potentiate the effect of imidocarb dipropionate in the management of h. canis infection (hci). twelve dogs were determined to have naturally hci based on clinical signs, identification of the parasite in blood smears, and serologic assay. the animals were allocated randomly to one ... | 2011 | 21472405 |
| molecular investigation of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from luanda, angola. | no molecular data have been available on tick-borne pathogens that infect dogs from angola. the occurrence of agents from the genera anaplasma, babesia, ehrlichia and hepatozoon was assessed in 103 domestic dogs from luanda, by means of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna sequence analysis. | 2016 | 27160839 |
| molecular and histopathological detection of hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | hepatozoon canis is a protozoan tick-borne pathogen of dogs and wild canids. hepatozoon spp. have been reported to infect foxes in different continents and recent studies have mostly used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection and characterization of the infecting species. surveying red foxes (vulpes vulpes) may contribute to better understanding the epidemiology of canine vector-borne diseases, including hepatozoonosis caused by h. canis in domestic dogs. the present study invest ... | 2014 | 24655375 |
| vector-borne pathogens in ticks and edta-blood samples collected from client-owned dogs, kiev, ukraine. | due to the availability of adequate habitats in urban environments, e.g. city parks and recreational green areas, ticks from such settings may also carry pathogens of veterinary and public health concern. thus, tick-borne infections may readily be identified in companion animals residing in urbanised areas. to investigate the presence of vector-borne pathogens in kiev, ukraine, 52 engorged adult ticks, 33 dermacentor reticulatus and 19 ixodes ricinus, were collected from 15 dogs in the spring of ... | 2013 | 23069260 |
| failure of imidocarb dipropionate to eliminate hepatozoon canis in naturally infected dogs based on parasitological and molecular evaluation methods. | the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate for the treatment of hepatozoon canis infection was studied in three naturally infected asymptomatic dogs followed longitudinally over 8 months. response to treatment was followed by monitoring blood counts, parasitemia levels in blood, parasite in concentrated buffy-coat smears and by pcr. the dogs were initially treated with a low dose of 3 mg/kg imidocarb dipropionate twice a month and when parasitemia persisted after five treatments, with the regular do ... | 2010 | 20444549 |
| pcr survey of vectorborne pathogens in dogs living in and around barcelona, an area endemic for leishmaniasis. | blood samples from 153 dogs living in and around barcelona were assayed for leishmania infantum and ehrlichia, anaplasma, rickettsia, bartonella, hepatozoon, babesia and theileria species by pcr amplification of dna, and the amplicons obtained were sequenced. the prevalence of the infectious agents was l infantum (29.4 per cent), ehrlichia and anaplasma species (4.0 per cent), hepatozoon canis (3.3 per cent), babesia canis vogeli (2.0 per cent), babesia gibsoni (2.0 per cent), babesia canis cani ... | 2009 | 19168881 |
| canine inflammatory myopathy associated with leishmania infantum infection. | inflammatory myopathy associated with several infectious diseases occurs in dogs including those caused by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis. however, muscle disease due to leishmania infection has been poorly documented. the aim of this study was to examine the distribution and types of cellular infiltrates and expression of mhc class i and ii in muscle biopsies obtained from 15 male beagle dogs from a breeder group with an established diagnosis of leishm ... | 2009 | 19084398 |
| natural infection of the wild canid lycalopex gymnocercus by the protozoan rangelia vitalii, the agent of canine rangeliosis. | rangelia vitalii is a piroplasmid that causes canine rangeliosis, a severe hemorrhagic disease of domestic dogs in south america. we report about r. vitalii infecting a pampas fox (lycalopex gymnocercus). the fox, which developed a fatal illness, was also infected by hepatozoon canis and capillaria hepatica. | 2015 | 25932667 |
| diversity of hepatozoon species in naturally infected dogs in the southern united states. | hepatozoon americanum is a protozoan that causes american canine hepatozoonosis (ach) in the southern united states; hepatozoon canis, the causative agent of canine hepatozoonosis in africa, asia, europe, and south america, has not previously been definitively identified in dogs in the united states. to characterize the diversity of hepatozoon spp. in domestic dogs from oklahoma, blood samples collected from dogs residing in an endemic area of the state, clinical cases presented to veterinarians ... | 2008 | 18485602 |
| hepatozoon canis infection in slovakia: imported or autochthonous? | tissue samples from nine red foxes (four samples of striated muscle tissue and five samples of heart tissue) that originated from the michalovce district (slovakia), an area with endemic occurrence of canine babesiosis were examined by pcr method using primers amplifying a fragment of the 18s rrna spanning the v4 region of babesia and theileria. an unexpected determination of 450 bp dna fragment of hepatozoon canis was found in four samples. partial sequences of the 18s rrna gene from the h. can ... | 2007 | 17627439 |
| life cycle of hepatozoon canis (apicomplexa: adeleorina: hepatozoidae) in the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus and domestic dog (canis familiaris). | the life cycle of the apicomplexan protozoon hepatozoon canis in its natural hosts rhipicephalus sanguineus (tick) and canis familiaris (domestic dog) was studied in an experimental infection. tick nymphs were fed on a naturally infected dog, or they were infected by percutaneous injection of blood. dogs were inoculated by ingestion of adult ticks containing mature oocysts. gamonts were in syzygy 24 hr after percutaneous injection of ticks. early oocysts were detected 96 hr after nymph repletion ... | 2007 | 17539411 |
| detection of hepatozoon canis in stray dogs and cats in bangkok, thailand. | a rapidly increasing stray animal population in bangkok has caused concern regarding transmission of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases. the purpose of this study was to determine if stray animals in bangkok are a potential reservoir of hepatozoon, a genus of tick-borne parasites that has received little attention in thailand. blood samples were collected from stray companion animals near monasteries in 42 bangkok metropolitan districts. both dogs and cats were sampled from 26 districts, dogs al ... | 2006 | 17135555 |
| clinical hepatozoon canis infection in a dog in turkey. | a five-year-old female dog was presented with a four-week history of inappetence, weight loss, and skin and gait abnormalities. physical examination revealed weakness, depression, incoordination of the posterior limbs, emaciation, skin and hair coat alterations, peripheral lymphadenopathy, pale mucous membranes and fever. laboratory analysis of samples revealed abnormalities which included anaemia, neutrophilic leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia, low serum glucose and albumin concentrations, and inc ... | 2004 | 15600273 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to hepatozoon canis. | canine hepatozoonosis is a tick-borne protozoal disease caused in the old world and south america by hepatozoon canis. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using purified h. canis gamont antigen was applied for the detection of antibodies reactive with h. canis. evaluation of the elisa with sera from naturally infected parasitemic dogs indicated that it was sensitive (86%), specific (97%), and comparable to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) for the detection of h. canis antib ... | 2004 | 15177718 |
| a serosurvey of hepatozoon canis and ehrlichia canis antibodies in wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from israel. | a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis antigens in free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in israel. of 84 fox sera assayed, 36% were seropositive for e. canis by the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test and 24% were positive for h. canis using an enzyme-linked immunosrbent assay (elisa). canine ehrlichiosis and hepatozoonosis appear to be endemic in the wild red fox populations in israel, and ... | 2004 | 15036573 |
| molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in dogs and cats from qatar. | vector-borne diseases (vbds) have been increasingly reported in dogs and cats worldwide. however, no data are currently available regarding canine and feline vbds in qatar and limited information is available from other persian gulf countries. | 2017 | 28633666 |
| molecular studies on babesia, theileria and hepatozoon in southern europe. part i. epizootiological aspects. | molecular epizootiology of piroplasmids (babesia spp., theileria spp.) and hepatozoon canis was studied in mammals from southern europe (mainly from spain, but also from portugal and france). partial amplification and sequencing of the 18s rrna gene was used for molecular diagnosis. in some particular cases (b. ovis and b. bovis) the complete 18s rrna gene was sequenced. blood samples were taken from domestic animals showing clinical symptoms: 10 dogs, 10 horses, 10 cows, 9 sheep and 1 goat. in ... | 2003 | 12719133 |
| analysis of the 18s rrna gene sequence of a hepatozoon detected in two japanese dogs. | partial sequences of the 18s rrna gene (625 bp) from a hepatozoon detected in two canine hepatozoonosis cases, one clinical and one subclinical, in japan were analyzed. both sequences were identical to each other and they were closely related to the hepatozoon canis strain found in israel with 99% (617/625) nucleotide identity. both hepatozoon americanum and hepatozoon catasbianae were distantly related to the japanese hepatozoon with 94% (586/625) and 91% (566/625) identities, respectively. in ... | 2002 | 12062514 |
| phylogenetic relationships of hepatozoon (apicomplexa: adeleorina) based on molecular, morphologic, and life-cycle characters. | to evaluate higher-level affinities of hepatozoon species within apicomplexa, we sequenced the 18s rrna gene from 2 parasites (hepatozoon americanum and hepatozoon canis) of dogs and 1 (hepatozoon catesbianae) of bullfrogs. sequences from other apicomplexans among the sarcocystiidae, eimeriidae, theileriidae, plasmodiidae, cryptosporiidae, and babesiidae, a perkinsus species and 2 dinoflagellates were obtained from genbank. phylogenetic analysis indicated that plasmodium, cryptosporidium, and he ... | 2000 | 10780559 |
| retrospective case-control study of hepatozoonosis in dogs in israel. | signalment, clinical signs, and physical examination and clinicopathologic findings in dogs diagnosed with hepatozoon canis parasitemia (n = 100) were compared with those in hepatozoon-negative dogs (n = 180). a subset (n = 15) of hepatozoon-positive dogs with unusually high (> 800 h canis gametocytes/microl of whole blood) parasitemia was compared with dogs that had low parasitemia (n = 85) and with hepatozoon-negative dogs (n = 180). hepatozoon-positive dogs significantly differed from hepatoz ... | 1997 | 9470163 |
| a new hepatozoon species from dogs: description of the causative agent of canine hepatozoonosis in north america. | a new species of adeleina, hepatozoon americanum, is described from the skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, visceral organs, and blood of dogs (canis familiaris) in the southern united states. the organism was previously identified as hepatozoon canis (james, 1905) wenyon, 1926; however, differences in clinical signs, histopathological and serological findings, gamont size, and ultrastructure define the new species of hepatozoon. attempts to transmit the protozoan from infected dogs to nymphal rhip ... | 1997 | 9406796 |
| hepatozoonosis in dogs: 22 cases (1989-1994). | to document hepatozoonosis in dogs from alabama and georgia and to report associated clinical signs, method of diagnosis, response to treatment, and course of disease. | 1997 | 9096720 |
| hepatozoon canis: the prevalence of antibodies and gametocytes in dogs in israel. | a survey for the prevalence of antibodies to hepatozoon canis and for intraneutrophilic h. canis gametocytes in the peripheral blood neutrophils of dogs in israel showed that 33.1% were seropositive, while only 1% of the dogs sampled had detectable parasites in their blood smears. exposure to h. canis is widespread but it appears that most infected dogs undergo a subclinical infection and only a small proportion develop clinical disease. | 1996 | 8693700 |
| [investigation of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction of neutrophils in the dog infected with hepatozoon canis]. | investigation of nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction of neutrophils was performed in the dog infected with hepatozoon canis. no positive reactions were observed in the parasitized neutrophils by the resting and the stimulated nbt reduction tests. however, results of resting and stimulated nbt reduction tests apparently made no differences between non-parasitized neutrophils of the infected dogs and neutrophils of the non-infected dogs. these findings show that the parasitized neutrophil has no ... | 1994 | 8119329 |
| [pathologic anatomy of hepatozoon canis infection]. | | 1982 | 7178884 |
| hepatozoon sp. in wild carnivores in texas. | twelve coyotes (canis latrans), three bobcats (lynx rufus) and six ocelots (felis pardalis) from the gulf coast of texas were infected with hepatozoon sp. the geographic distribution of infected wild animals coincides with the highest prevalence of hepatozoon canis infection in domestic dogs for which the wild species may act as a reservoir. | 1988 | 3411720 |
| a molecular survey of vector-borne pathogens in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from bosnia and herzegovina. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) have recently been recognized as potential reservoirs of several vector-borne pathogens and a source of infection for domestic dogs and humans, mostly due to their close vicinity to urban areas and frequent exposure to different arthropod vectors. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence and distribution of babesia spp., hepatozoon canis, anaplasma spp., bartonella spp., 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis', ehrlichia canis, rickettsia spp. and blood filaro ... | 2015 | 25889961 |
| epidemiological aspects on vector-borne infections in stray and pet dogs from romania and hungary with focus on babesia spp. | canine arthropod-borne infections are of major interest in small animal practice and have been widely investigated in central and western europe. however, only limited epidemiological data are available from south-eastern european countries, although diseases including babesiosis or dirofilariosis are widely recognised as important canine infections in these countries. a steadily increasing number of dogs imported from south-eastern europe into germany require particular attention by small anima ... | 2011 | 21947342 |
| molecular detection of hepatozoon canis and babesia canis vogeli in domestic dogs from cuiabá, brazil. | the objective of this study was to report for the first time infection by hepatozoon spp. and babesia spp. in 10 dogs from the city of cuiabá, state of mato grosso, central-western brazil. a pair of primers that amplifies a 574 bp fragment of the 18s rrna of hepatozoon spp., and a pair of primers that amplifies a 551 bp fragment of the gene 18s rrna for babesia spp. were used. six dogs were positive for babesia spp., and 9 were positive for hepatozoon spp. co‑infection of babesia spp. and hepato ... | 2011 | 21961759 |
| first detection of tick-borne pathogens of dogs from malta. | the knowledge about the vector-borne infections in domestic dogs has been increasing worldwide. however no studies have been done on hard tick infestation and tick-borne pathogens (tbps) of dogs present in malta. therefore, a total of 99 dogs was selected and inspected between march and july 2013 in 18 urban and 17 rural areas on the islands of malta and gozo. all ticks were removed from the dogs and identified. blood samples were taken and tested for protozoa (babesia spp. and hepatozoon spp.) ... | 2017 | 28143697 |
| a survey of tick-borne pathogens in dogs and their ticks in the pantanal biome, brazil. | tick and blood samples collected from domestic dogs in the brazilian pantanal were tested by molecular methods for the presence of tick-borne protozoa and bacteria. among 320 sampled dogs, 3.13% were infected by babesia vogeli (piroplasmida: babesiidae), 8.75% by hepatozoon canis (eucoccidiorida: hepatozoidae), 7.19% by anaplasma platys (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), and 0.94% by an unclassified anaplasma sp. in three tick species collected from dogs, the following tick-borne agents were dete ... | 2016 | 26467462 |
| canine babesiosis in northern portugal and molecular characterization of vector-borne co-infections. | abstract: | 2010 | 20377861 |
| canine tick-borne diseases in pet dogs from romania. | tick-borne diseases are of substantial concern worldwide for animals as well as humans. dogs have been a human companion for millennia, and their significant impact on human life renders disease in dogs to be of great concern. tick-borne diseases in dogs represent a substantial diagnostic challenge for veterinarians in that clinical signs are often diffuse and overlapping. in addition, co-infections with two or more pathogens enhance this problem further. molecular methods are useful to disentan ... | 2017 | 28335825 |
| molecular detection and treatment of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs in khon kaen, northeastern thailand. | we determined the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques. a total of 303 edta blood samples were collected from domestic dogs in khon kaen province, thailand, in may 2013. microscopic observation of giemsa-stained smears and molecular diagnosis using conventional pcr were performed. infected dogs were treated with imidocarb dipropionate, a combination of imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline, or doxycycline alone. seve ... | 2014 | 25417519 |
| molecular analysis reveals the diversity of hepatozoon species naturally infecting domestic dogs in a northern region of brazil. | this study aimed to optimize molecular methods for detecting dna of hepatozoon spp. as well as identify the phylogenetic relationships of hepatozoon strains naturally infecting domestic dogs in belém, pará, northern brazil. blood samples were collected from 138 dogs, and screened for hepatozoon spp. using a new nested pcr assay. positive samples were subjected to genetic characterization based on amplification and sequencing of approximately 670bp of the hepatozoon spp. 18s rrna. of the positive ... | 2016 | 27665264 |
| hepatozoon spp. infects free-ranging jaguars (panthera onca) in brazil. | this study investigated the presence of hepatozoon spp. in jaguars (panthera onca) and domestic animals in the cerrado, amazon and pantanal biomes of brazil. between february 2000 and january 2010, blood samples were collected from 30 jaguars, 129 domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris) and 22 domestic cats (felis catus) for molecular tests. all of the jaguars from the pantanal (n=22) and cerrado (n=4) and 3 of 4 jaguars from the amazon were positive for hepatozoon spp. domestic dogs (62.8%) and ... | 2017 | 28207298 |
| detection and molecular identification of hepatozoon canis and babesia vogeli from domestic dogs in palestine. | dogs serve as hosts for a great number of parasites, which may affect their health and wellbeing. this study aimed to observe tick borne pathogens in dogs from palestine including hepatozoon canis and babesia species. the prevalence of both h. canis and babesia species infections in apparently healthy dogs, from ten districts of the west bank was surveyed. dna was extracted from blood samples obtained from dogs (n = 362) and ticks (n = 213) collected from dogs (n = 77). a primer set that amplifi ... | 2017 | 27938422 |
| molecular detection and prevalence of hepatozoon canis in dogs from punjab (pakistan) and hematological profile of infected dogs. | the intraleukocytic parasite, hepatozoon canis, causes the sometimes fatal tick borne disease canine hepatozoonosis. in this study, dogs from islamabad, lahore, and multan districts of the punjab region of pakistan were surveyed to investigate the presence and prevalence of h. canis infection and to determine the effects of the parasite on hematological parameters. blood samples were collected from 151 domestic dogs (149 pet, 2 stray) of both sexes and varying ages. data on sex, age, tick infest ... | 2017 | 27841956 |
| a molecular and parasitological survey of hepatozoon canis in domestic dogs in turkey. | in this study, asymptomatic dogs in nine provinces of turkey were surveyed to investigate the prevalence and intensity of hepatozoon canis infection. dna obtained from blood samples collected from 694 domestic dogs (243 stray, 288 shelter, and 163 pets) of both genders and varying ages were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in addition, 285 thin blood smears prepared from these blood samples were also evaluated for microscopic examination. direct microscopy revealed hepatozoon gamont ... | 2015 | 25771934 |
| a survey of canine haemoprotozoan parasites from turkey, including molecular evidence of an unnamed babesia. | canine tick-borne apicomplexan parasites have emerged in recent years, showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global prevalence. a reverse line blot assay was performed on 219 blood samples collected from domestic dogs for simultaneous detection of all named canine piroplasm species as well as hepatozoon canis. ten samples hybridized to the theileria/babesia and babesia catch all probes but did not hybridize to any species-specific probe tested, suggesting the presence of an unrec ... | 2017 | 28673460 |
| acute hepatozoonosis in dogs: a case report. | two male dogs aged between 2 and 3 months belonging to german shepherd and non descript breed were brought to outpatient unit of department of veterinary medicine, veterinary college, bidar with history of anorexia, weakness and going down in body condition since 15 days. clinical examination revealed fever, enlargement of popliteal and submandibular lymph nodes, pale mucous membranes and cachectic body condition in both the cases. haemato-biochemical examination revealed anemia, leukocytosis, t ... | 2017 | 28848272 |
| babesia, theileria, and hepatozoon species in ticks infesting animal hosts in romania. | babesia spp., theileria spp., and hepatozoon spp. are tick-transmitted apicomplexan parasites that cause several important diseases in animals. to increase current knowledge about the diversity of tick-transmitted pathogens in romania, we investigated the occurrence of babesia spp., theileria spp., and hepatozoon spp. in a wide range of tick species infesting animal hosts. we collected 852 ticks from 10 different animal species from 20 counties in romania. the assessment was based on detection o ... | 2017 | 28676905 |