| characterization of miniature pig kidney cells and their resistance to chlamydial infection. | a miniature pig kidney cell line has been established from porcine fetuses taken aseptically by hysterectomy and maintained for more than 50 passages in eagle's minimal essential medium containing 10% heat-inactivated newborn calf serum. cell transfers were performed each week. primary and serially passaged cells were found to be highly refractory to infection by chlamydia trachomatis strains tw-3, bour, and lgv 440l and chlamydia psittaci strains meningopneumonitis and 6bc and insusceptible to ... | 1976 | 944002 |
| monoclonal antibody based capture elisa/elifa for the detection of chlamydia psittaci in veterinary clinical specimens. | a capture elisa/elifa system based on monoclonal capture and biotinylated monoclonal detection antibody with specificity for an epitope on chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) is described. the assay is fast, specific and detects a minimum dose of approximately 2000 chlamydial particles (c. psittaci). unlike other commercially available test kits, it comprises a proteinase k treatment to exclude non-specific binding of antibodies to fc receptors. in contrast to the sophisticated and cumbersome is ... | 1992 | 1520968 |
| [bacteriologic studies of the occurrence of chlamydia psittaci in organs of swine and in aborted swine fetuses]. | by inoculation of embryonating chicken eggs via the yolk sac route chlamydia psittaci was grown from 11 lungs of 45 pigs with pneumonia (24.4%). from the lungs of 55 pigs with other diseases the organism was isolated in five cases (9.1%). chlamydiae were not detectable by cultural methods in the uterine mucosa of 87 sows, arthritic joints of 30 store pigs and in aborted fetuses. a commercial available enzyme amplified immunoassay indicated the presence of chlamydial antigen in mucosal scrapings ... | 1991 | 1950250 |
| serological investigations for some bacterial and viral pathogens in fallow deer (cervus dama) and wild boar (sus scrofa) of the san rossore preserve, tuscany, italy. | sera of 43 fallow deer (cervus dama) of the san rossore preserve (tuscany, italy) were examined for antibodies against eight pathogens; one proved positive for brucella sp., 21 for listeria monocytogenes, 34 for chlamydia psittaci, three for coxiella burnetii, one for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, 11 for parainfluenza-3 virus, 25 for bovine viral diarrhea virus and six for bovine respiratory syncytial virus. no age and sex difference in the positivity rates and titers was evidenced, w ... | 1988 | 2832622 |
| distribution of plasmid sequences in avian and mammalian strains of chlamydia psittaci. | plasmid dna from an avian strain of chlamydia psittaci was purified and estimated to be 7.9 kb in size using restriction endonuclease analysis. a 5.9 kb fragment of this plasmid was cloned, mapped and used to screen a range of chlamydial strains. hybridizing dna was absent from ovine abortion and arthritis isolates and also from the cal 10 strain but related sequences were detected in c. psittaci strains of feline pneumonitis, guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis, ovine conjunctivitis and c. trac ... | 1988 | 3183616 |
| [epidemiologic significance of the immunofluorescence typing of chlamydia psittaci]. | a group of 39 strains isolated from pigeons, parakeets, parrots, sheep, goats, cats, guinea-pigs, mice and humans were immunotyped by a one-way or two-way cross-reaction micro-immunofluorescence test. eight immunotypes were found. among them, two new immunotypes were characterized: a cat conjunctivitis strain and a mouse inapparent respiratory infection strain. the immunotypes of feline pneumonitis and guinea-pig conjunctivitis, recently described by perez-martinez and storz, were confirmed. thr ... | 1986 | 3324944 |
| [the occurrence of latent intestinal chlamydia psittaci infection in cattle]. | | 1987 | 3426536 |
| electron microscopic observations concerning the in vivo uptake and release of the agent of guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (chlamydia psittaci) in guinea-pig exocervix. | this report details electron-microscopical observations concerning c. psittaci infection in vivo. the model employed was that of the guinea-pig infected at the exocervical region with the agent of guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic). our observations indicate that chlamydial particles gain access to their target cells by the mechanism of endocytosis. single gpic elementary bodies were seen to be positioned within individual endosomes. the observations reported here provide evidence that c ... | 1985 | 4031129 |
| [chlamydial infection in pericarditis in pigs]. | an etiologic study was carried out for the presence of chlamydia in the case of pericarditis in pigs on a large swine-breeding complex. investigated were some clinical, epizootiologic, and morphologic aspects of the disease. a strain of chlamydia psittaci was isolated in chick embryos from pericardial liquids of affected animals. it was identified through electron-microscopic and antigenic studies. elementary and initial bodies of chlamydia were seen in ultrathin sections of the infected yolk sa ... | 1985 | 4082488 |
| indirect hemagglutination test for chlamydial antibodies. | an indirect hemagglutination (iha) test is described for chlamydial antibodies in psittacosis diagnostic sera; for this test tanned sheep erythrocytes sensitized with a deoxycholate extract of chlamydia psittaci grown in vero cell monolayers were used. adaptation of the iha test to the microtiter system decreased sensitivity; nevertheless, the microtiter-iha test was more sensitive than the complement fixation test. lymphogranuloma venereum antibodies also were detected by using antigen extracte ... | 1972 | 4626906 |
| [chlamydiosis in animals]. | in this brief review, the authors summarize the state of knowledge on chlamydial infections in birds and mammals, in particular those occurring in domestic animals. chlamydia psittaci is responsible for a variety of syndromes in veterinary medicine, some of which may be of great interest in comparative pathology (polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, . . .). the frequency of latent infections, the difficulties involved in the diagnosis and control of chlamydial infections and the transmissibility of c. ... | 1983 | 6364314 |
| growth of chlamydia in pig lung alveolar macrophages; preparation of macrophages and demonstration of growth. | the harvesting, storing and utilisation in tissue culture of lung alveolar macrophages from 2-3 weeks old piglets were investigated. an average yield of 4 x 10(8) cells was obtained, which in culture usually remained healthy for at least 8 days. in liquid nitrogen at -173 degrees c about 50% of the cells were still viable after 3 months. pig cells sustained the growth of ovine chlamydia psittaci and a rising titre was demonstrated over 4 passages. | 1984 | 6719825 |
| experimental chlamydial pneumonia in pigs. | naturally occurring disease in pigs associated with chlamydial infections has not been reported in britain, though evidence of chlamydial challenge has been demonstrated in two separate serological surveys. an isolate of chlamydia psittaci (28/68) from an ovine pneumonia produced pneumonia in pigs following intratracheal inoculation. transient pyrexia at 24 hr was followed by increased respiratory rates and inappetance which lasted for a further 48 hr in challenged pigs. histologically acute exu ... | 1984 | 6744810 |
| cloning and characterization of a chlamydia psittaci gene coding for a protein localized in the inclusion membrane of infected cells. | chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria which occupy a non-acidified vacuole (the inclusion) throughout their developmental cycle. little is known about events leading to the establishment and maintenance of the chlamydial inclusion membrane. to identify chlamydial proteins which are unique to the intracellular phase of the life cycle, an expression library of chlamydia psittaci dna was screened with convalescent antisera from infected animals and hyperimmune antisera generated against fo ... | 1995 | 7783634 |
| analyses of the genomes of chlamydial isolates from ruminants and pigs support the adoption of the new species chlamydia pecorum. | analysis of the genomic dnas of chlamydial isolates from sheep, cattle, and pigs was performed by southern blot hybridization and by restriction endonuclease (re) profiling of dna amplified by pcr. the hybridization probes were derived from whole genomic dna, the major outer membrane protein (momp) gene, the 16s rrna gene, and an avian chlamydia psittaci isolate plasmid. the pcr analysis used targets in the momp gene, the 16s rrna gene, and the 60-kda cysteine-rich protein gene. together, the re ... | 1996 | 8573503 |
| [immunohistochemical determination of chlamydia psittaci/pecorum and c.trachomatis in the piglet gut]. | the jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon of 200 piglets were investigated immunohistochemically for the presence of chlamydia psittaci and c. trachomatis using a vitelline igy. positive samples were later labelled using a commercial c. trachomatis polyclonal antiserum. chlamydia were present in 33 (16.4%) of the animals, and 30 out of 33 were labelled by c. trachomatis polyclonal antiserum. inclusions occurred predominantly (67%) in the large intestine. the serological results (cft, elisa) did not c ... | 1995 | 8592901 |
| a 28 kda major immunogen of chlamydia psittaci shares identity with mip proteins of legionella spp. and chlamydia trachomatis-cloning and characterization of the c. psittaci mip-like gene. | chlamydia psittaci strain guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) produces a self-limiting ocular infection of guinea-pigs, and this condition is a representative animal model of ocular chlamydial disease. convalescent guinea-pigs, which are resistant to reinfection, produce antibodies to several elementary-body proteins, including an uncharacterized antigen of 28 kda. convalescent guinea-pig sera were used to identify, from a lambda expression library, two overlapping gpic genomic clones tha ... | 1996 | 8936321 |
| experimental infections of pregnant sows with ovine chlamydia psittaci strains. | four sows were experimentally inoculated at 42 days pregnancy, with the bs isolate of chlamydia psittaci from aborted ewes. their body temperature and health were monitored until 30 days after farrowing. the sows seroconverted but their reproductive performance was not impaired. chlamydiae were identified in the afterbirths from two sows with normal litters using stained smears, "clearview" and "ideia" elisa antigen detection tests. the presence of inclusion bodies was detected in sections of th ... | 1994 | 9133063 |
| polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection of porcine chlamydia trachomatis and ruminant chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 dna in formalin-fixed intestinal specimens from swine. | in previous studies chlamydiae were detected immunohistologically in the gut of 66 out of 311 pigs. the aim of the present investigation was the classification of these intestinal porcine chlamydiae. for the study, dna extracted from 52 paraffin-embedded intestinal tissues was amplified in nested polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) with chlamydia omp1 genus- and species-specific primers. some of the amplification products were cloned and sequenced. in 45 cases dna could be amplified with genus-spe ... | 1997 | 9197211 |
| comparison of the omp i gene of chlamydia psittaci between isolates in victorian koalas and other animal species. | the objective of this study is to compare the strain of chlamydia causing genital infection in koalas from victoria with isolates from other animal species. | 1997 | 9293340 |
| experimental studies of chlamydiosis in japanese quails. | two-week-old japanese quails were infected intratracheally with six strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from calf pneumonia, swine pneumonia, goat abortion, sheep abortion, kid enteritis, and calf conjunctivitis, respectively. the japanese quails from infected and control groups were closely observed for clinical symptoms. in order to examine the gross and microscopic lesions, quails in each group were sacrificed at 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 30 days post infection. alterations induced by pneumo ... | 1999 | 10096166 |
| experimental enteric infection of gnotobiotic piglets with a chlamydia psittaci strain of avian origin. | the pathogenicity of a chlamydia psittaci isolate of pigeon origin was assessed using a litter of gnotobiotic piglets. at 3 days of age, six piglets were inoculated intragastrically with egg-grown chlamydiae, the remaining six pigs were sham-inoculated. the animals were observed for clinical signs, and they were killed and necropsied sequentially between 4 and 15 days of age. clinical manifestations consisted of slight softening of the faeces between 6 and 10 days post-inoculation (dpi). immunoh ... | 2000 | 11075544 |
| pcr-based detection of chlamydial infection in swine and subsequent pcr-coupled genotyping of chlamydial omp1-gene amplicons by dna-hybridization, rflp-analysis, and nucleotide sequence analysis. | lung and intestine of 49 pigs with respiratory diseases and endocervical swabs from 205 sows with reproductive disorders were investigated for chlamydial infection by polymerase chain reaction. pcr primers targeted dna sequences on the chlamydial omp1 or omp2 genes. pcr amplicons were generated from 49.0% of pigs with respiratory disease, from 60.0% of sows with reproductive disorders, from 24.5% of respiratory healthy controls, but from no endocervical swabs from fertile sows. by dna hybridizat ... | 2000 | 11117968 |
| [chlamydial diseases of domestic animals--zoonotic potential of the agents and diagnostic issues]. | the role of chlamydiae as agents of a number of important animal and human diseases is still the subject of intensive research. recently, a proposal for taxonomic reclassification of this group of obligate intracellular bacteria was published, which was based on a large amount of new data on genetic relatedness. according to this proposal, the family chlamydiaceae now comprises two genera (chlamydia and chlamydophila) with 9 largely host-related species. the previously accepted classification sc ... | 2002 | 11998363 |
| missing links in the divergence of chlamydophila abortus from chlamydophila psittaci. | pathological and serological evidence and dna-dna reassociation data indicate that chlamydophila psittaci and chlamydophila abortus are separate species. c. psittaci causes avian systemic disease and c. abortus causes abortion. both previously belonged to chlamydia psittaci are associated with zoonotic and enzootic outbreaks. genetic studies suggest that they are closely related and because of the recent availability of diverse c. psittaci strains and comparative data for several genes, it was p ... | 2003 | 12807198 |
| occurrence of chlamydiae in the genital tracts of sows at slaughter and their possible significance for reproductive failure. | the aim of this study was to investigate further the role of chlamydiae as pathogens in the genital tracts of sows at slaughter. genital tracts of 101 randomly selected sows were collected and specimens of genital tract localizations were systematically examined for chlamydiae using immunohistochemistry and pcr. in the genital tracts of 10 sows, chlamydia psittaci dna was detected by pcr, and was further typed as 'serotype 1' in nine cases and as avian strain 6 bc in one animal. however, all spe ... | 2000 | 11014069 |
| identification of an antigen localized to an apparent septum within dividing chlamydiae. | the process of chlamydial cell division has not been thoroughly investigated. the lack of detectable peptidoglycan and the absence of an ftsz homolog within chlamydiae suggest an unusual mechanism for the division process. our laboratory has identified an antigen (sep antigen) localized to a ring-like structure at the apparent septum within dividing chlamydial reticulate bodies (rb). antisera directed against sep show similar patterns of antigen distribution in chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydi ... | 2000 | 10639437 |
| immunopathology of chlamydophila abortus infection in sheep and mice. | chlamydophila abortus targets the placenta, causing tissue damage, inflammation and abortion (enzootic abortion of ewes). it is one of the main infectious causes of abortion in ewes, resulting in major economic losses to agricultural industries worldwide. although ruminants and pigs are the principal hosts, humans are also susceptible to infection. control of disease requires a host inflammatory response, which is likely to contribute to pathology and abortion. mouse models have been widely used ... | 2005 | 15500832 |
| expression of chlamydia psittaci- and human immunodeficiency virus-derived antigens on the cell surface of lactobacillus fermentum br11 as fusions to bspa. | the basic surface protein, bspa, has been used as a fusion partner to direct peptide antigens from the human immunodeficiency virus gp41 protein and the chlamydia psittaci ompa protein to the cell surface of lactobacillus fermentum br11. bspa has potential utility in the construction of live vaccines and diagnostic reagents. | 1999 | 10496936 |
| genomic relatedness of chlamydia isolates determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the genomic relatedness of 19 chlamydia pneumoniae isolates (17 from respiratory origin and 2 from atherosclerotic origin), 21 chlamydia trachomatis isolates (all serovars from the human biovar, an isolate from the mouse biovar, and a porcine isolate), 6 chlamydia psittaci isolates (5 avian isolates and 1 feline isolate), and 1 chlamydia pecorum isolate was studied by analyzing genomic amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprints. the aflp procedure was adapted from a previously de ... | 1999 | 10419941 |
| discovering and differentiating new and emerging clonal populations of chlamydia trachomatis with a novel shotgun cell culture harvest assay. | chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of preventable blindness and bacterial sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. plaque assays have been used to clonally segregate laboratory-adapted c. trachomatis strains from mixed infections, but no assays have been reported to segregate clones from recent clinical samples. we developed a novel shotgun cell culture harvest assay for this purpose because we found that recent clinical samples do not form plaques. clones were strain-typed by using oute ... | 2008 | 18325260 |
| experimental chlamydia psittaci serotype 1 enteric infection in gnotobiotic piglets: histopathological, immunohistochemical and microbiological findings. | the enteric pathogenicity of the ovine c. psittaci serotype 1 isolate s26/3 was assessed using a litter of gnotobiotic piglets. in one group, eight piglets were inoculated at 3 days of age; at 10 days, two of these were re-inoculated. in a second group, six animals were mock-inoculated at 3 days of age as negative controls; subsequently, at 10 days, three of these piglets were inoculated with c. psittaci. the animals were observed for clinical signs, killed and necropsied sequentially between 4 ... | 1998 | 9791872 |
| internalization of chlamydia by dendritic cells and stimulation of chlamydia-specific t cells. | chlamydia species are the causative agents of trachoma, various forms of pneumonia, and the most common sexually transmitted diseases. although the infection cycle has been extensively characterized in epithelial cells, where the chlamydia entry-vacuoles avoid fusion with host-cell lysosomes, the cellular immune response has received less attention. moreover, despite the abundant presence of dendritic cells (dc) in the sites of infection, the interaction between chlamydia and dc has never been s ... | 1998 | 9570547 |
| high prevalence of antibodies against chlamydiaceae and chlamydophila abortus in wild ungulates using two "in house" blocking-elisa tests. | few data are available on the prevalence and relevance of chlamydiae in wild mammals, and even fewer studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of chlamydophila abortus in wildlife hosts, most probably due to the absence of suitable species-specific serological assays for testing sera from wild animals. in light of this, we have developed two in-house blocking-elisa tests for detection of antibodies against chlamydiaceae and c. abortus in wild ungulates, and analyzed the relationshi ... | 2009 | 19010612 |
| genotyping of chlamydophila psittaci strains derived from avian and mammalian species. | eleven chlamydophila (formerly chlamydia) psittaci strains derived from avian and mammalian species (two from dairy cows, one from duck, three from sheep, three from wild birds, and two from pigs) were identified as genotype c by outer membrane protein a gene sequencing. genotype c had been preferentially associated with waterfowl. this paper suggests that mammals may represent an underestimated source for genotype c strains and for human psittacosis cases. | 2009 | 19140022 |
| possible pathogenic interplay between chlamydia suis, chlamydophila abortus and pcv-2 on a pig production farm. | a concurrent outbreak of chlamydial disease in boars, sows and gilts and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in weaned piglets was investigated on a large pig production farm in estonia. chlamydia suis dna was detected in conjunctival swabs from boars, sows and gilts, but also in the faeces of boars and sows. chlamydophila abortus dna was found in semen, and in conjunctival swabs from sows; dna was demonstrated by microarrays. serum samples from boars were examined using a chlamydi ... | 2010 | 20228367 |
| chlamydophila abortus as a cause of bovine abortion. | | 2010 | 20852245 |
| mixed infections with porcine chlamydia trachomatis/pecorum and infections with ruminant chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 associated with abortions in swine. | in a previous immunohistological study, chlamydiae were detected in 5 out of 139 cases of swine abortion, and a possible implication of c. psittaci serovar 1 was suggested. the present study sought to classify the chlamydiae found in the fetal organs of these abortions. dna extracted from 15 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens (10 livers and 5 lungs, obtained from 10 fetuses from 9 cases of abortion) was amplified in a nested pcr with chlamydia omp1 genus-specific primers. chlamydia dna was ampli ... | 1997 | 9453135 |
| chlamydiaceae infections in pig. | abstract: chlamydiaceae are gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria. they are responsible for a broad range of diseases in animals and humans. in pigs, chlamydia suis, chlamydia abortus, chlamydia pecorum and chlamydia psittaci have been isolated. chlamydiaceae infections in pigs are associated with different pathologies such as conjunctivitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, polyarthritis, polyserositis, pseudo-membranous or necrotizing enteritis, periparturient dysgalactiae syndrome, vaginal di ... | 2011 | 21314912 |
| complete genome sequences of four mammalian isolates of chlamydophila psittaci. | chlamydia psittaci is an obligate intracellular zoonotic pathogen primarily of birds, but it is also known to infect a variety of mammalian species. here we report the genomes of four strains isolated from sheep (c19/98), pigs (01dc11), cattle (02dc15), and humans (08dc60). | 2011 | 21705611 |
| chlamydiae in porcine abortion. | formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded fetal livers and lungs from 139 cases of swine abortion were investigated retrospectively for chlamydiae by means of immunohistochemistry. using a genus-specific antibody, chlamydial antigen was found in eight livers obtained from five (3.6%) abortion cases from different herds. all lung sections were negative. chlamydiae were also labeled in five of the eight positive livers using a monoclonal antibody against immunotype 1 of chlamydia psittaci; the remaining t ... | 1997 | 9381659 |
| distribution of endosomal, lysosomal, and major histocompatability complex markers in a monocytic cell line infected with chlamydia psittaci. | the intracellular fate of chlamydia psittaci during infection of a monocytic cell line, thp1, was characterized. cytochalasin d inhibited phagocytosis of latex beads but had no effect on infection by c. psittaci, and vacuoles expressed the transferrin receptor, suggesting accessibility to the endocytic pathway. early chlamydia-containing vacuoles expressed major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules, and most vacuoles fused with host cell lysosomes, since they expressed lamp-1 and h ... | 1997 | 9169786 |
| heparin-mediated inhibition of chlamydia psittaci adherence to hela cells. | the adherence of human strains of chlamydia trachomatis has been recently shown to be inhibitable by heparin and heparitinase, leading to the proposal that chlamydia binding to host cells may be mediated by a glycosaminoglycan (gag)-dependent mechanism. we here describe the adherence of the guinea-pig pathogen, chlamydia psittaci gpic, to hela cells, which was measured by cytofluorometry with chlamydiae whose dna was fluorescently labelled. adherence could be inhibited by heat or trypsin pretrea ... | 1997 | 9032762 |
| [pets as permanent excretors of zoonoses pathogens]. | when scrutinizing zoonoses with regard to risks for human beings, the spectrum of pathogens with dogs, cats and birds leading to persistent infections and consequently to the fact that the animals become carriers and permanent excretors is relatively small. most of the zoonoses cause clinical symptoms and will be taken care of correspondingly. with regard to dogs there is a multitude of persistent infections that are transferred from the pet to the human being and vice versa. in reality, however ... | 1993 | 8333899 |
| expression and translocation of the chlamydial major outer membrane protein in escherichia coli. | the entire gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) from chlamydia psittaci strain gpic has been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. a tightly regulated t7 promoter is used to control expression of the protein in escherichia coli. upon induction of expression, the precursor (pre-momp) is synthesized in the cell. this is followed by the appearance of a lower molecular weight protein that comigrates with mature momp from chlamydial elementary bodies by both one-dimensional sodiu ... | 1993 | 7911969 |
| ocular and dermal delayed hypersensitivity reactions in guinea-pigs following infection with guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent (chlamydia psittaci). | guinea-pigs which had been sensitized to guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent by ocular infection, were given ocular and dermal challenges with a range of doses of agent. ocular delayed-type hypersensitivity responses were elicited by a wide range of doses. such responses were associated with the presence of chlamydial inclusions and inflammatory cells. the eid50 for ocular reinfection was only slightly higher than that for primary ocular infection. dermal delayed-type hypersensitivity reac ... | 1981 | 7261478 |
| interaction of chlamydiae with host cells and mucous surfaces. | for chlamydiae, as obligate intracellular parasites, attachment to and ingestion by host cells are essential steps in reproduction. their attachment site appears to be heat-sensitive; it has not been correlated with any morphological entity. antibody blocks chlamydial attachment to cells and, for certain chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis strains which are highly infective for cell cultures, n-acetylglucosamine appears to contribute to cell receptor specificity. sialic acid residues ha ... | 1981 | 6911075 |
| serotyping of chlamydia psittaci by the micro-immunofluorescence test: isolates of ovine origin. | the micro-immunofluorescence test was successfully applied to seven ovine isolates which could be separated into two distinct immunotypes. the pattern of reactivity was similar to that elucidated by the plaque reduction test and confirmed by growth characteristics and biotyping. | 1982 | 6752025 |
| estimation of endpoints in biological systems. | a program, written in basic, has been developed to estimate rapidly endpoints from a small number of experimental data. the computational method is based on the work of reed and muench (am. j. hyg. 27, 493 1938). several endpoints may be estimated in the same run. a subroutine allows the saving of experimental data in disk file and a printout subroutine permits different types of printout (tabular or graphical). estimation of several infectious doses (id) of a guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis ... | 1984 | 6548942 |
| a rapid method for staining inclusions of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis. | a new staining method was developed for the detection of inclusions of chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia trachomatis inclusions in cell cultures. using a combination of methyl green and neutral red stains and washing at ph 5.0, inclusions were stained red while cell cytoplasm was pale pink and cell nuclei were pale green. the method was significantly better than giemsa staining and comparable to immunofluorescence for detecting c psittaci inclusions. its sensitivity for detection c trachomatis in ... | 1982 | 6177720 |
| role of cell-mediated immunity in chlamydial infection: implications for ocular immunity. | cellular immunity to chlamydia trachomatis is not well understood. studies with the mouse pneumonitis agent in a mouse pneumonia model suggest a strong thymic component to immunity and a role for the macrophage as an effector cell in cell-mediated immunity to c. trachomatis. experiments with chlamydia psittaci indicate that cellular cytotoxic mechanisms and biostatic or cytotoxic mechanisms involving cytokines may also play a role in host defense against chlamydiae. interferon has been shown to ... | 1985 | 4070909 |
| [detection of chlamydia psittaci in the feces of swine]. | | 1988 | 3390133 |
| guineapig inclusion conjunctivitis (gpic) in a commercial colony. | serological findings in a commercial colony of hartley guineapigs revealed that about 70% had antibodies to chlamydia psittaci as detected by the microimmunofluorescence method. conjunctivitis was evident in 14% of 86 guineapigs examined. chlamydial antigen was detected in conjunctival scrapings by a direct immunofluorescence test using chlamydia-specific monoclonal antibody; however, c. psittaci was not demonstrated by other methods. | 1989 | 2651796 |
| plasmid diversity within the genus chlamydia. | examination of 12 chlamydia psittaci strains recovered from nine different host species (three avian and six mammalian) revealed the presence of a 7.5 kb plasmid in all isolates except two ovine abortion strains, the human strain iol207 and the cal 10 strain. restriction mapping analysis distinguished four different plasmids that were associated with avian, feline, equine and guinea-pig c. psittaci isolates, respectively. the restriction maps of these four c. psittaci plasmid types all differed ... | 1989 | 2621449 |
| chlamydial infection and perinatal mortality in a swine herd. | chlamydia psittaci was believed responsible for an episode of high perinatal death loss in a swine herd in which 8.5 pigs per litter normally were weaned. in this episode, 18 sows produced 186 pigs, with 50 survivors. chlamydia was found in tissue samples, and other bacterial or viral pathogens could not be identified. chlamydia was diagnosed by isolation (elisa), histologic examination using immunoperoxidase staining techniques, and electron microscopy. previously, c psittaci has not been consi ... | 1990 | 2211307 |
| biological properties and genetic analysis of the ompa locus in chlamydiae isolated from swine. | eight strains of chlamydia psittaci isolated from swine with pneumonia, pleuritis, pericarditis, and enteritis were characterized through analysis of the major outer membrane protein gene ompa by a two-step polymerase chain reaction, by their interactions with cells in culture, and by the morphologic features and ultrastructure of intracellular inclusions. amplified chlamydial ompa dna fragments were differentiated by restriction endonuclease digestion. chlamydial isolates were separated into 2 ... | 1992 | 1358014 |
| recombinant major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydophila abortus, chlamydophila pecorum, and chlamydia suis as antigens to distinguish chlamydial species-specific antibodies in animal sera. | recombinant major outer membrane proteins (rmomp) of chlamydophila (ch.) abortus, ch. pecorum, and chlamydia (c.) suis were used as antigens to distinguish chlamydial species-specific antibodies in (i) immune sera from six rabbits and three pigs raised against native purified elementary bodies, (ii) serum samples from 25 sows vaccinated with ch. abortus, and (iii) 40 serum samples from four heifers experimentally infected with ch. abortus. all post-exposition sera contained chlamydial antibodies ... | 2004 | 15381270 |
| [humoral immune response in breeding sows after vaccination with a herd-specific chlamydophila abortus vaccine]. | a chlamydial vaccine efficacy trial with assessment of the clinical acceptability and serum antibody responses was performed in breeding sows. a bgm cell culture derived vaccine containing 10(8)/ml formalin-inactivated purified elementary bodies (eb.) in sterile 0.15 m saline was prepared from chlamydophila (ch.) abortus strain ochl03/99 which has been isolated in the herd from a sample of vaginal discharge. vaccination was performed as a randomised trial with parallel treatment of a vaccinated ... | 2003 | 14560444 |
| occurrence of chlamydiaceae spp. in a wild boar (sus scrofa l.) population in thuringia (germany). | tissue samples from lungs, pulmonary lymph nodes, large intestine, and uteri of 14 wild boar bagged at a seasonal hunt were examined for the presence of chlamydiae, mycobacteria and mycoplasmas. nested pcr detected chlamydial dna in 57.1% of the animals, predominantly in the lung. dna sequencing identified chlamydophila psittaci as the predominant species, but chlamydophila abortus and chlamydia suis were also encountered. immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections confirmed the presence of ... | 2004 | 15381275 |
| evaluation of different laboratory methods for diagnosis of pig chlamydiosis in lithuania. | pig chlamydiosis is antrophozoonosis caused by chlamydophila abortus. chlamydias (c type) are widely found in nature and can infect humans, domestic and wild mammals, and 139 types of birds. the peculiar feature of chlamydias is the tropism to different tissues, organs and organisms. in 2502 pig blood sera tests from lithuanian farms, anti-chlamydia complement binding (cb) antibodies were detected in 192 cases (7.7%). serological tests showed the following (c type) chlamydia bearing regions: 22. ... | 2005 | 15794474 |
| the chlamydophila abortus genome sequence reveals an array of variable proteins that contribute to interspecies variation. | the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen chlamydophila abortus strain s26/3 (formerly the abortion subtype of chlamydia psittaci) is an important cause of late gestation abortions in ruminants and pigs. furthermore, although relatively rare, zoonotic infection can result in acute illness and miscarriage in pregnant women. the complete genome sequence was determined and shows a high level of conservation in both sequence and overall gene content in comparison to other chlamydiaceae. the 1,14 ... | 2005 | 15837807 |
| induction of a protective immune response against swine chlamydophila abortus infection in mice following co-vaccination of omp-1 dna with recombinant momp. | chlamydophila abortus is the causative agent of abortion in pigs and pregnant women. seroconversion rates were arranged from 11% to 80% in piglets and sows in china. these very high rates illustrate the scale of the problem in china and highlight the urgent need for the development of a c. abortus vaccine. an efficacious anti-chlamydial vaccine should induce not only strong mucosal and systemic t-helper type 1 (th1) immune response but also give a humoral response that enhances th1 activation fo ... | 2009 | 18721226 |
| aberrant chlamydial developmental forms in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs spontaneously and experimentally infected with chlamydia suis. | the phenomenon of persistence is well known from in vitro studies, where it is associated with the production of aberrant bodies, but its occurrence in vivo is less well documented. the objective of this study was to search for aberrant bodies in intestinal tissues from pigs, describe their ultrastructure, and investigate the suitability of immunohistochemical staining for chlamydial heat shock protein 60 (chsp60) to detect such forms. intestinal tissues derived from pigs naturally and experimen ... | 2009 | 18950970 |
| co-administration of the polysaccharide of lycium barbarum with dna vaccine of chlamydophila abortus augments protection. | lycium barbarum polysaccharides (lbp) can stimulate moderate immune responses therefore could potentially be used as a substitute for oil adjuvants in veterinary vaccines. in the present study, it was shown that the isolated active component of lbp3a, combined with a dna vaccine encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp) of chlamydophila abortus, induced protection in mice against challenge. sixty balb/c mice were randomly assigned to 5 groups. sub-fractions of polysaccharide lbp3a, at 12. ... | 2010 | 20942772 |
| seroepidemiologic survey for chlamydia suis in wild boar (sus scrofa) populations in italy. | we used serology to estimate the prevalence of exposure to chlamydiae in italian populations of wild boars (sus scrofa). sera from 173 hunter-killed wild boars harvested during the 2006-2009 hunting seasons in three italian regions were tested for antibodies to chlamydia suis, chlamydophila pecorum, chlamydophila abortus, and chlamydophila psittaci by the microimmunofluorescence test. antibody titers to chlamydiae ôëñ 1:32 were detected in 110 of the 173 samples tested (63.6%). specific reactivi ... | 2011 | 21719838 |
| a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the differential identification of three zooanthroponotic chlamydial strains in porcine swab samples. | porcine chlamydial infection is an enzootic infectious disease caused by multiple members of the family chlamydiaceae (e.g. chlamydophila abortus, chlamydia suis, and chlamydophila pneumoniae). rapid and accurate differentiation of these pathogens is critical in the control and prevention of disease. the aim of the current study was to develop a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (nmpcr) assay to simultaneously detect the 3 chlamydial pathogens in clinical samples. in the first round of ... | 2011 | 21908308 |