| intestinal parasites in patients with diarrhea and human immunodeficiency virus infection in zimbabwe. | to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and risk factors for infection associated with diarrhea in hiv-infected patients in harare, zimbabwe. | 1999 | 10357381 |
| high prevalence of enterocytozoon bieneusi in swine with four genotypes that differ from those identified in humans. | the microsporidial species enterocytozoon bieneusi is found among immunocompromised, particularly hiv-infected, patients with chronic diarrhoea, and rarely also among immunocompetent persons with self-limited diarrhoea. only recently, e. bieneusi was detected in 4 pigs in switzerland raising the question of a potential zoonotic nature of this parasite. we examined faecal samples of 109 pigs, 24 cows, horses and red foxes each for the presence of e. bieneusi by pcr and compared these isolates wit ... | 1999 | 10363277 |
| close genotypic relationship between enterocytozoon bieneusi from humans and pigs and first detection in cattle. | the reservoirs and the routes of transmission of enterocytozoon bieneusi are still unknown. in humans, it is the most commonly found microsporidial species. it has also been found repeatedly in pigs, too. the first detection of e. bieneusi in cattle is reported herein. two distinct genotypes were characterized and compared with 4 other genotypes from humans, 6 from pigs, and 1 from a cat. from these 13 e. bieneusi genotypes known to date, 25 polymorphic sites could be identified in the internal ... | 2000 | 10701590 |
| zoonotic potential of enterocytozoon bieneusi. | the reservoirs and the modes of transmission of the most frequent microsporidial species in humans, enterocytozoon bieneusi, are still unknown. we have examined fecal samples of 26 humans and 350 animals from 37 species to find 18 samples containing this parasite from humans, cats, pigs, cattle, and a llama. genotypic characterization of the internal transcribed spacer of the rrna gene resulted in 14 different genotypes, 6 of them previously undescribed. phylogenetic analysis revealed the lack o ... | 2001 | 11724868 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi (microsporidia) in faecal samples from domestic animals from galicia, spain. | in this survey we examined 87 domestic animal stool samples in order to detect the possible presence of microsporidia in animals in close contact with humans in galicia (nw, spain). the detection of enterocytozoon bieneusi spores was confirmed in faecal samples from two dogs and one goat by polymerase chain reaction. none of the positive samples for microsporidia in the staining method were amplified with species-specific primers for encephalitozoon intestinalis, e. hellem and e. cuniculi. four ... | 2002 | 12471418 |
| first detection of microsporidia in dairy calves in north america. | fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 413 dairy calves from farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. after removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, specimens were examined by fluorescence microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and dna sequencing analysis for the presence of microsporidia. microscopic examination revealed no spores. pcr using generic primers for microsporidia revealed 70 positive calves ... | 2003 | 12739131 |
| molecular characterization of enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle indicates that only some isolates have zoonotic potential. | in this study, 338 fecal samples were analyzed for enterocytozoon bieneusi from cattle farms in florida, maryland, michigan, new york, north carolina, pennsylvania, virginia, and portugal. the internal transcribed spacer region (392 bp) of the rrna gene of e. bieneusi was amplified using a nested pcr protocol. thirty-two e. bieneusi-pcr positive samples were sequenced. a high degree of genetic polymorphism, represented by five distinct genotypes (beb1-beb5), was found among the e. bieneusi isola ... | 2004 | 14727187 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in dairy cattle in the eastern united states. | fecal specimens were obtained from 12-24-month-old dairy heifers on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. pcr positive specimens for enterocytozoon bieneusi were found in 131 of 571 heifers examined (23%) and on all the farms visited. the prevalence of e. bieneusi varied considerably across farms, with the lowest prevalence (4.7%) on md-2 and the highest prevalence (37.8%) on ny-2. all pcr positive specimens that amplified the its region as we ... | 2005 | 16167161 |
| prevalence and molecular characteristics of enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle in korea. | enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidium associated with aids patients. moreover, its detection in increasing numbers of immunocompetent patients has made it an emerging pathogen. this organism was also identified in a wide range of animals, and the zoonotic potential of human infections is of particular interest. in this study, 538 fecal samples from cattle in korea were analyzed for the presence of e. bieneusi by pcr. approximately 15% were found to be positive, with higher ra ... | 2007 | 17323141 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi in mature dairy cattle on farms in the eastern united states. | fecal specimens were obtained from mature milking cows on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-positive specimens for enterocytozoon bieneusi were found in 24 of 541 cows examined (4.4%) and on 12 of 14 farms. the prevalence of e. bieneusi varied considerably from farm to farm, with the lowest prevalence (2.3%) on fl-2 and the highest prevalence (12.5%) on vt-2. none of the cows exhibited signs of diarrhea. all ... | 2007 | 17899197 |
| prevalence of enterocytozoon bieneusi in post-weaned dairy calves in the eastern united states. | fecal specimens were obtained from 3- to 8-month-old post-weaned dairy calves on farms in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. after removal of fecal debris by sieving and density gradient centrifugation, 59 of 452 calves (13%) from 11 farms in six states were found positive for enterocytozoon bieneusi by pcr and dna sequence analysis. based on gene sequence data this genotype of e. bieneusi found in post-weaned calves was 100% identical to that found ... | 2004 | 15170566 |
| a zoonotic genotype of enterocytozoon bieneusi in horses. | this is the first report of enterocytozoon bieneusi in an equid species. feces from 195 horses from 4 locations in colombia were examined for e. bieneusi by polymerase chain reaction. of these, 21 horses (10.8%) were found positive for e. bieneusi . the prevalence of e. bieneusi in horses <1 yr of age was significantly higher (23.7%) than in horses >1 yr of age (2.5%). no significant differences in prevalence were observed between male (13.7%) and female horses (9%). sequencing of the internal t ... | 2010 | 19799490 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype nomenclature based on the internal transcribed spacer sequence: a consensus. | the standard method for determining the genotypes of enterocytozoon bieneusi is based on the dna sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the rrna gene. there are 81 genotypes with 111 genotype names: 26 genotypes have been identified exclusively in humans, eight have been identified in humans and in other hosts, 27 have been identified exclusively in cattle and pigs, six have been identified exclusively in cats and dogs, and 14 have been identified in miscellaneous hosts. bec ... | 2009 | 19335772 |
| a longitudinal study of enterocytozoon bieneusi in dairy cattle. | feces from each of 30 holstein cattle on a maryland dairy farm were examined at weekly, bimonthly, and then monthly intervals from 1 week to 24 months of age for the presence of enterocytozoon bieneusi. dna was extracted from spores cleaned of fecal debris, and a two-step nested pcr protocol was used to amplify a fragment of the internal transcriber spacer region of the rrna gene. all pcr-positive specimens were sequenced to determine the genotype of e. bieneusi. the overall prevalence was 24% ( ... | 2009 | 19259701 |
| microsporidiosis: enterocytozoon bieneusi in domesticated and wild animals. | microsporidia are a ubiquitous group of obligate intracellular parasites that infect all major animal groups. enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most commonly identified microsporidia in humans and has also been reported worldwide in animals with importance in veterinary medicine (e.g. cats, dogs, horses, cattle and pigs). the identification of e. bieneusi in animals has raised the question of the importance of animal reservoirs in the epidemiology of this pathogen, and the implications of the infec ... | 2011 | 20699192 |
| [first isolate of encephalitozoon intestinalis from stools of a colombian patient with aids]. | microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that are recognized as important opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised and transplanted patients. enterocytozoon bieneusi and, less frequently, encephalitozoon intestinalis are the most prevalent species in humans; both of them are associated with enteric infections. cell cultures have been useful in the study of microsporidia biology. in colombia, however, no isolates of microsporidia from patients with aids have been obtained. | 2008 | 19034367 |
| prevalence and genotypes of enterocytozoon bieneusi in weaned beef calves on cow-calf operations in the usa. | to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of enterocytozoon bieneusi in weaned beef calves in the usa, fecal samples were collected from 819 calves (6-18 months of age) from 49 operations. feces were sieved and subjected to density gradient centrifugation to remove fecal debris and to concentrate spores. dna extracted from each sample was subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify the complete internal transcriber spacer (its). all pcr-positive specimens were sequenc ... | 2011 | 22146995 |
| host-specific segregation of ribosomal nucleotide sequence diversity in the microsporidian enterocytozoon bieneusi. | enterocytozoon bieneusi is a unicellular enteric fungal pathogen and the most common cause of human microsporidiosis. the frequent detection of this organism in animals, including companion animals, livestock and wildlife, has raised the question of the importance of animal reservoirs in the epidemiology of this pathogen. a partial sequence of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its) has been widely used as a genetic marker for studying the molecular epidemiology of e. bieneusi. with the ... | 2010 | 19931647 |
| phylogenetic approach to the variability of the microsporidian enterocytozoon bieneusi and its implications for inter- and intrahost transmission. | enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian parasite that infects many vertebrate animals, including humans. the rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) shows a hypervariable sequence; however, so far no clear information has been inferred about strain evolution in this species. we reviewed all the sequences described and performed a phylogenetic study. four groups of sequences strongly differentiated from each other were detected, although most of the isolates (94%) corresponded to group i. the ... | 2010 | 20228101 |
| identification and genotyping of enterocytozoon bieneusi in china. | in this study, the prevalence of enterocytozoon bieneusi in china was investigated. twelve genotypes of e. bieneusi were identified, of which 10 were novel genotypes. further, 41.6% of the genotypes were found in both humans and animals. this is the first report of e. bieneusi in china. | 2011 | 21389159 |