| development and utilization of complement-fixation and immune adherence tests for human hepatitis a virus and antibody. | the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assay were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. patients with hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis ... | 1975 | 53013 |
| transmission of non-a, non-b hepatitis from man to chimpanzee. | non-a, non-b hepatitis was transmitted to four colony-born chimpanzees by intravenous inoculation of human sera. two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from a patient with a clinical and serological diagnosis of chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis whose blood appeared to transmit this disease to a nurse following accidental needle-stick, and the other two chimpanzees were inoculated with serum from either of two former blood-donors whose hbsag-negative blood appeared to transmit clinically recogn ... | 1978 | 76018 |
| transfusion-associated hepatitis not due to viral hepatitis type a or b. | twenty-two patients who had an episode of transfusion-associated hepatitis not positive for hepatitis b antigen were examined for development of antibody to heaptitis a and b antigens, cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus. antibody response to the 27-nm virus-like hepatitis a antigen was measured by immune electron microscopy. in none of the 22 patients studied did serologic evidence of infection with hepatitis a virus develop during the study period. nine of the 22 patients had antibody respo ... | 1975 | 163436 |
| physical, chemical and morphologic dimensions of human hepatitis a virus strain cr326 (38578). | cr326 human hepatitis a virus purified by isopycnic banding from infected marmoset sera was shown to consist of 27 nm spherical particles on electron microscopic examination. the particles were identified as hepatitis a virus by tests for infectivity and by specific neutralization of infectivity with convalescent human hepatitis a serum. also, indentical 27 nm viruses in liver extracts gave specific reactions with hepatitis a antisera when tested by immune electron microscopy. the bouyant den ... | 1975 | 164674 |
| specific immune adherence assay for human hepatitis a antibody application to diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations. | a specific immune adherence (ia) test for hepatitis a antibody in human serum was described employing liver extract of marmosets infected with cr326 strain human hepatitis a virus. persons with hepatitis a, but not hepatitis b, developed hepatitis a ia antibody soon after onset of the acute illness and this persisted thereafter. there was very close agreement in the tests for human hepatitis a immune adherence, complement fixing (cf) and neutralizing antibodies. ia antibodies appeared to develop ... | 1975 | 167376 |
| infectivity studies of hepatitis a and b in non-human primates. | we have induced hepatitis a in marmosets of the subspecies saguinus mystax following primary inoculation with human serum containing the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus (hav) and in 3 further marmoset subpassages using infective marmoset serum from each preceding passage. in each passage acquisition of serum antibody against 17 nm virus-like particles recovered from acute illness stools of human volunteers who developed hepatitis following inoculation with the ms-1 strain of hav, as well as fro ... | 1975 | 173599 |
| immune adherence and complement-fixation tests for human hepatitis a. diagnostic and epidemiologic investigations. | the reliable propagation of cr326 strain of human hepatitis a virus in saguinus mystax marmosets has permitted the development of specific serum neutralization, complement-fixation (cf), and immune adherence (ia) assays for hepatitis a antigen and antibody. the cf and ia assays were made possible by the use of livers of cr326-infected marmosets as a source of hepatitis a antigen. all assays were shown to be specific for hepatitis a. cases of hepatitis b did not show development of hepatitis a an ... | 1975 | 173600 |
| nonhuman primate-associated viral hepatitis type a. serologic evidence of hepatitis a virus infection. | since 1961, viral hepatitis has been recognized as an occupational hazard among handlers of newly imported chimpanzees and other nonhuman primates. to determine whether previously reported cases were caused by human viral hepatitis type a, we tested paired serum samples from two outbreaks for antibody to hepatitis a antigen (anti-ha) by immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha), recently available test. in both outbreaks, one of hepatitis transmitted from chimpanzee to man (michigan, 1964), the s ... | 1976 | 180303 |
| hepatitis a antigen isolated from liver and stool: immunologic comparison of antisera prepared in guinea pigs. | morphologically similar hepatitis a antigen particles (ha ag)3 have been detected in the stools of patients with type a hepatitis and in the livers of marmosets experimentally infected with hepatitis a virus. to investigate the humoral antibody responses to these antigens and to compare the immunologic properties of ha ag from these two sources, we immunized guinea pigs with either marmoset liver-derived ha ag or with human stool-derived ha ag in complete freund's adjuvant and measured their ant ... | 1976 | 182882 |
| serologic comparison of hepatitis a antigen to echovirus 25 isolate cr69(076) recovered from a patient with viral hepatitis. | a serologic comparison was performed by immune electron microscopy between hepatitis a antigen (related to the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus) and a viral isolate, cr69(076), from the stool of a patient in costa rica with viral hepatitis. cr69(076) was not antigenically related to hepatitis a antigen but was related to echovirus 25. thus, it is unrelated to the ms-1 strain of hepatitis a virus. | 1975 | 186440 |
| fecal excretion of hepatitis a virus in humans. | to define more completely the period of fecal excretion of virus during hepatitis a virus infection, we studied 24 fecal samples from six children with clinical illness during an epidemic of type a hepatitis. as determined by immune electron microscopy, the six patients had detectable viral excretion before or by the time of the first abnormality in serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (alanine aminotransferase). viral excretion reached a peak early and declined to undetectable levels before leve ... | 1977 | 193999 |
| viral hepatitis: enzyme assays and serologic procedures in the study of an epidemic. | an epidemic of viral hepatitis beginning in late 1975 in a residence for multiply handicapped children, recognized very early in its course, was investigated prospectively to permit comparison of enzymatic and serologic tests. thirty-three residents of the institution and 46 full- and part-time employees were studied by the immune adherence hemagglutination procedure for antibody (anti-hav) to hepatitis a virus (hav). of these, 31 residents and 37 staff members were susceptible at the beginning ... | 1977 | 201170 |
| experimental infection of marmosets with hepatitis a virus. | saguinus mystax marmosets were experimentally infected with two strains of human hepatitis a virus. one of these strains of hav was successfully subpassaged in this species of marmosets. in another experiment, the 1.32 and 1.41 g/cm3 buoyant density species of hav derived from an infected chimpanzee stool were shown to be infectious in three species of marmosets. the value of the marmoset as an experimental model for hepatitis a infection was demonstrated by these studies. | 1978 | 205859 |
| solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis a virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of hepatitis a virus in human fecal specimens. investigations with 88 fecal specimens from 77 patients with suspected viral hepatitis and 8 of their household contacts showed that elisa was as specific and sensitive as radioimmunoassay and almost as sensitive as immune electron microscopy. the elisa is quick and simple to perform, does not require sophisticated technical equipment, and can be read with the naked eye, ma ... | 1978 | 212452 |
| isolation of single stranded dna from purified hepatitis a-virus. | hepatitis a-virus was purified from human stools by three purification steps. virus was identified by radioimmunoassay and purity monitored with immune electron microscopy. virus particles, serologically and morphologically identical, banded in cscl in two density ranges at 1.31-1.34 g/cm3 and at 1.41-1.43 g/cm3. virions of density 1.31-1.34 g/cm3 were shown to contain single-stranded dna of different size classes. class i 1.33 kb, class ii 4.61 kb in addition a small amount of molecules was det ... | 1978 | 212889 |
| studies on the outbreak of hepatitis a in an institute for mentally retarded children. | the authors encountered an outbreak of acute hepatitis in a public institute for mentally retarded children in aomori prefecture, japan. studies revealed that the probable vehicles of transmission of infection were contaminated water, contaminated meals, and close contact. from the clinical manifestations and epidemiological investigations of 41 affected children and staff members, an outbreak of hepatitis a was strongly suspected. immune electron microscopy disclosed hepatitis a virus antigen p ... | 1978 | 215486 |
| isolation and characterization of hepatitis a virus. | this paper presents current isolation technics of hepatitis a virus (hav) from human and chimpanzee stool, liver, and bile specimens, as well as comparative characterizations of hav buoyant density properties of human and chimpanzee stool-derived particles. in addition, methods designed for the extraction and purification of hav from large samples of stool and liver tissues, including agar gel filtration, are discussed in detail. | 1976 | 218442 |
| immunofluorescence studies for hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b surface and core antigen in liver biopsies from patients with acute viral hepatitis. | immunofluorescence studies for hepatitis a virus and hepatitis b surface and core antigen were performed on liver biopsies from 48 patients with acute viral hepatitis. hepatitis a virus was detected in 11 out of 17 patients with type a hepatitis and was not found in patients with type b or non-a non-b hepatitis. hepatitis b surface and core antigens were detected in 2, hepatitis b core antigen alone in 1, and hepatitis b surface antigen alone in 4 out of 24 patients with type b hepatitis. neithe ... | 1979 | 223938 |
| [viral hepatitis]. | viral hepatitis is one of the most frequent infectious diseases of our time. it is of great concern to the epidemiological risk groups such as research laboratories, dialysis units and other public health agencies. the result of epidemiological, immunological, morphological and biochemical studies have demonstrated, that this disease is caused by at least two different viruses. the hepatitis a virus (hav) induces the type a hepatitis and the hepatitis b virus (hbv) the type b hepatitis. two anti ... | 1978 | 697524 |
| a case report of fowl plague keratoconjunctivitis. | a case of human fowl plague keratoconjunctivitis occurred after accidental laboratory exposure. the conjunctivitis was characterised by follicle formation and a mucopurulent discharge, and ran a self-limiting course over two weeks. the keratitis was of an unusual type and consisted of small intraepithelial opacities, which appeared after one week and resolved completely over the next three weeks. the infection, confirmed by viral culture, was produced by dutch strain (hav 1 neq 1) of fowl plague ... | 1977 | 843515 |
| methisoprinol-effect on the replication cycle of human hepatitis a virus. | the antiviral activity of methisoprinol was investigated under different conditions using a strain of hepatitis a virus (hav), that shows a strong cytopathic effect on the frp/3 cell line 7-9 days post-infection. treatment of frp/3 at a dose range of 125-1200 micrograms/ml had no toxic effect and showed a dose dependent inhibition of the hav replication cycle. at the methisoprinol dose of 500 micrograms/ml the cytopathic effect was completely abolished and hav antigen production reduced by 50% a ... | 1992 | 1279362 |
| [an etiological study on fulminant viral hepatitis]. | viral markers were studied in 79 cases of viral hepatitis with hepatic failure. the results were shown as follows: 8 cases were positive for anti-hav igm (10.12%); 76 cases positive for hbsag or anti-hbc igm (96.20%) and 41 cases positive for anti-hcv antibodies (51.89%). among those with anti-hcv positive, 35 cases were co-infected with hbv, 5 cases with hav and/or hcv, only one was infected with hcv alone 2 cases were hd-ag positive (2.52%) and one not identified (1.27%). with the reference of ... | 1992 | 1284878 |
| the epidemiology and control of hepatitis a. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is endemic in developing countries and remains a public health problem elsewhere. a total of 7430 cases was notified in england and wales in 1991. children and young adults were most frequently affected. risk factors include travel to countries of high endemicity, contact with an infected person and shellfish consumption. person-to-person spread is common within families, closely knit communities and schools (especially nurseries). the provision of safe water an ... | 1992 | 1284926 |
| multiple enlargements in the right inverted terminal repeat of the dna of canine adenovirus type 2. | the manhattan strain of canine adenovirus type 2 (cav 2) was examined. restriction endonuclease analysis and blot hybridization experiments revealed the heterogeneity of the viral dna. at least 9 unequally expanded species of the viral genome have been recognized. this diversity is caused by different enlargements in the right inverted terminal repeat (itr) of the virus. the differences between the individual enlargements were shown to be the different multiples of 150 base pairs. relatedness of ... | 1992 | 1307439 |
| host antibody response to viral structural and nonstructural proteins after hepatitis a virus infection. | subgenomic hepatitis a virus (hav) rna sequences were translated in vitro to produce proteins representing the structural (p1) and nonstructural (p2 and p3) domains of the viral polyprotein. these proteins were used as antigens to detect the presence of antibodies in sera from acute and convalescent humans and an experimentally infected chimpanzee. all infected individuals tested had antibodies that recognized uncleaved p1 proteins as well as nonstructural proteins. antibodies in sera from infec ... | 1992 | 1309847 |
| survival of hepatitis a virus on human hands and its transfer on contact with animate and inanimate surfaces. | the survival of hepatitis a virus (hav; strain hm175) on the hands of five volunteers was determined by depositing 10 microliters of fecally suspended virus on each fingerpad and eluting the inoculum after 0, 20, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min. the amount of virus recovered from each fingerpad at 0 min was approximately 6.0 x 10(4) pfu. at the end of 4 h, 16 to 30% of the initially recoverable virus remained detectable on the fingerpads. hav inocula (10 microliters; approximately 1.0 x 10(4) pfu) pla ... | 1992 | 1315331 |
| clinical evaluation of oral fluid samples for diagnosis of viral hepatitis. | oral fluid samples were compared with serum samples as a specimen source for hepatitis a, b, and c virus markers. oral fluid was obtained with a treated absorbent pad and tested by using existing commercial enzyme immunoassays with only minor modifications. compared with serum sampling the sensitivity and specificity of oral sampling were 100% (51 of 51 samples) and 98% (46 of 47 samples) for hepatitis a virus immunoglobulin m, 100% (29 of 29 samples) and 100% (29 of 29 samples) for hepatitis b ... | 1992 | 1316364 |
| natural hosts of hepatitis a virus. | the host range for hepatitis a virus (hav) is limited to man and several species of non-human primates, and involvement of vertebrates other than primates in hav circulation is unlikely. spontaneous hepatitis a infection has been reported to occur in captive non-human primates including the great apes (chimpanzee) as well as old world (cynomolgus, african vervet, stump-tailed) and new world (aotus) monkeys. the presence of anti-hav antibody in the sera of newly captured monkeys of these species ... | 1992 | 1335654 |
| genetic, antigenic and biological differences between strains of hepatitis a virus. | recent studies have documented a considerable degree of genetic divergence among wild-type hepatitis a virus (hav) strains recovered from different geographical locations. human hav strains can be grouped into four genotypes (i, ii, iii and vii) and unique simian strains belong to three additional genotypes (iv, v and vi). between each of these genotypes, the nucleotide sequence varies at 15-25% of base positions in the p1 region. despite this, there is good evidence that most, if not all, human ... | 1992 | 1335657 |
| why do human hepatitis viruses replicate so poorly in cell cultures? | the five viruses which classically cause hepatitis in man represent diverse families of viruses and share in common only a striking hepatotropism and substantial restrictions to replication in conventional cell cultures. hepatitis a virus is unique among these viruses in that it is amenable to propagation in cell culture, but replication of this virus is much slower and less efficient than replication of other picornaviruses. this probably reflects less efficient cap-independent viral translatio ... | 1992 | 1335949 |
| expression of a hepatitis e virus (hev)-trpe fusion protein containing epitopes recognized by antibodies in sera from human cases and experimentally infected primates. | a 1700 base cdna fragment coding for the putative structural gene(s) of hepatitis e virus (hev) was inserted into the path 10 expression vector. the fusion protein (c2) expressed by this plasmid was found to contain epitopes recognized by anti-hev antibodies. c2 protein was used in a western blot format to examine its usefulness in detecting anti-hev antibodies in well documented human cases of hev and non-human primates infected with hev. both igm and igg anti-hev could be detected in our weste ... | 1992 | 1373282 |
| [hepatitis serology: use and interpretation]. | presently five viruses causing hepatitis are known, the hepatitis viruses a (hav), b (hbv), c (hcv), d (hdv) and e (hev). the genomic structure is known of most of all these viruses as well as some of their structural and regulatory gene products. using radio- and enzyme immunoassays viral antigens can be detected for hbv and hdv as well as specific antibodies against all the five viruses. the results of these tests are the basis for the diagnosis and the follow-up of these infections but differ ... | 1992 | 1377839 |
| viral hepatitis in the 1990s, part i: current principles of management. | recent years have brought major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitis. treatment of acute uncomplicated hepatitis is supportive rather than curative. treatment of fulminant hepatic necrosis is directed towards preventing and treating complications while preparing suitable patients for liver transplantation. corticosteroids do not improve survival rates in patients with fulminant hepatic necrosis and should be avoided in nearly all patients with hepatitis a. although liver hi ... | 1992 | 1516219 |
| acute sporadic viral hepatitis in ethiopia: causes, risk factors, and effects on pregnancy. | one hundred and ten consecutive cases of acute sporadic hepatitis among ethiopian patients were studied to define viral causes, identify risk factors, and analyze demographic and clinical data. igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus were found in nine patients (8%), and hepatitis b surface antigen and igm antibodies to hepatitis b core antigen were found in 22 (20%); these findings were considered evidence of acute hepatitis a and hepatitis b, respectively. sera from the remaining 79 patients were ... | 1992 | 1576296 |
| [the chronic course of spontaneous and experimental hepatitis a in rhesus monkeys with viral persistence]. | the prolonged (up to 2 years) complex observation of 11 rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) with spontaneous hepatitis a and 14 rhesus macaques with experimental hepatitis a developing after their intravenous and/or oral infection with human hepatitis a virus (hav). both natural and experimental infection took a chronic course (15-18 months). in 13 monkeys showing morphological changes in the liver during the whole period of the disease elevated enzyme levels in the blood and virus shedding in fece ... | 1991 | 1653510 |
| biological and molecular comparisons of human (hm-175) and simian (agm-27) hepatitis a viruses. | comparisons of hm-175, the prototype human strain of hepatitis a virus, and agm-27, a simian isolate, indicate that the two hav viruses differ substantially in sequence and in biological characteristics. the extent of the differences suggests that hepatitis a viruses have a greater potential for diversity than previously assumed. | 1991 | 1668325 |
| severe herpes simplex virus hepatitis following autologous bone marrow transplantation: successful treatment with high dose intravenous acyclovir. | a 17-year-old male patient with t-cell type lymphoblastic lymphoma in complete remission underwent high dose chemotherapy (busulfan 16 mg/kg and cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). the patient had been taking oral acyclovir (200 mg x 5) daily from seven days prior to the abmt (day -7). on day +24, he complained of epigastralgia and general malaise, and the next day his got and gpt rose to 570 u/l and 397 u/l, respectively. although he had no muc ... | 1991 | 1753418 |
| the role of secretory immunity in hepatitis a virus infection. | because the role of intestinal immunity remains uncertain in hepatitis a, samples of feces and saliva from infected primates and humans were tested for virus neutralizing activity. only two of eight owl monkeys infected by the intragastric route developed neutralizing antibody detectable in extracts of feces collected up to 88 days after viral challenge, although serum neutralizing antibody was present in all monkeys by day 33. similarly, neutralizing antibody was detected in fecal extracts from ... | 1991 | 1845810 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus and other enteroviruses in water by ssrna probes. | sensitive and specific methods are needed to detect hepatitis a virus (hav) and other human enteroviruses in environmental samples such as drinking water and foods. clones of cdna encoding the 5'-most 1 kb of the hav and coxsackievirus b3 (cb3) genomes were subcloned into t7/sp6 rna transcription vectors. in vitro transcribed rna from the t7 promoter detected their respective hav or cb3 genomic rna. conversely, sp6 transcripts detected viral negative-stranded rna but not the genome. when both ss ... | 1991 | 1849914 |
| [acute viral hepatitis in children]. | in children with acute hepatitis the main concern is to identify the cause since prognosis and therefore management largely depend on the specific causative agent. since hav is the most frequent in children, it should be investigated first. if there are no igm anti-hav antibodies, hepatitis b should be investigated. the value of anti-hcv antibodies, during acute hepatitis is not clear. whatever the virus, severe evolution may occur, and symptoms of poor significance must be detected early. there ... | 1990 | 2115203 |
| viral hepatitis. the new abc's. | hepatitis may be caused by hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus (classic non-a non-b viral hepatitis), hepatitis d virus (delta agent), and hepatitis e virus (epidemic non-a non-b viral hepatitis). cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and herpes simplex virus may also occasionally cause hepatitis. some forms of hepatitis carry the risks of chronic infection, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. treatment options for viral hepatitis are limited and, in many cases, still unde ... | 1990 | 2120686 |
| [cultivation of hepatitis a virus in various cell lines and isolation of dna sequences]. | using the mbb/11/5 strain originally adapted to the plc/prf/5 cell line, reproduction of the virus in diploid cells of human embryo fibroblasts, continuous primate lines (ramt, frhk-4) and human urinary bladder tumor (t-24) lines was studied. we obtained hav dna sequences (about 99% from vrna) for the mbb/11/5 strain which were used as a probe for demonstration of vrna synthesis in the infected cells. | 1990 | 2163567 |
| [the sensitivity of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques to the human hepatitis a virus]. | hepatitis a infection characterized by virus excretion in feces, synthesis of specific igm antibody, increased activity of alanine aminotransferase in the blood serum, and a complex of morphological lesions in the liver typical of acute hepatitis was reproduced in m. fascicularis (m. f.) and macaca rhesus (m. r.) using 2 strains of hepatitis a virus (hav) isolated from human patients. the incubation period varying from 9 to 23 (mean 16) days in m. f. and from 12 to 35 (mean 18) days in m. r. in ... | 1990 | 2175064 |
| toxoplasmic chorioretinitis and hepatic granulomas. | a 71-yr-old male presented with a 2-month history of fever, malaise, and weight loss. physical exam revealed chorioretinitis. laboratory studies were notable for elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. immunoglobulin g antibody to toxoplasma gondii was positive to a dilution of 1:4096, whereas serologic studies for hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, human immunodeficiency vir ... | 1990 | 2220741 |
| [susceptibility of macaca rhesus to infection with hepatitis a virus strains isolated from man and monkeys]. | the results of infection of macaca rhesus monkeys with hepatitis a virus (hav) strains isolated from monkeys and man are presented. after inoculation of monkeys with human nav strains the infection could not be reproduced whereas simian hav strains were found to be pathogenic for m. rhesus monkeys both on experimental inoculation and during natural contacts with infected monkeys in the animal house. | 1990 | 2363273 |
| identification of an immunodominant antigenic site involving the capsid protein vp3 of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus, an hepatotropic picornavirus, is a common cause of acute hepatitis in man for which there is no available vaccine. competitive binding studies carried out in solid phase suggest that neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis a virus recognize a limited number of epitopes on the capsid surface, although the polypeptide locations of these epitopes are not well defined. neutralization-escape mutants, selected for resistance to monoclonal antibodies, demonstrate broad cross- ... | 1988 | 2460866 |
| interferon treatment in acute progressive and fulminant hepatitis. | a small proportion of patients with acute viral hepatitis run a progressive fulminant course ending in acute liver failure with encephalopathy, and with a mortality rate of 75-80%. in small children and pregnant women mortality is even higher. we have treated 32 patients of all ages with acute progressive and fulminant hepatitis over the last 7 years in an uncontrolled trial with human interferon-alpha (hulfn-alpha), with i.m. doses of 3 x 10(6) u/day (70,000 u/kg per day for infants) for 8 +/- ... | 1989 | 2474521 |
| etiologic spectrum of acute sporadic viral hepatitis in children in india. | the relative magnitude by hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis non-a, non-b virus (hnanbv) was determined in 496 children from three different parts of india suffering from acute viral hepatitis by tests for specific igm class anti-hav and anti-hbv antibodies in the serum. hav, hbv and nanb infections accounted for 55.8 per cent, 20.2 per cent and 23.2 per cent of cases respectively. hepatitis a largely (59.5%) affected younger children of 1-5 yr. nearly a third of chil ... | 1989 | 2508281 |
| [study of human and simian hepatitis a virus isolated by an immunoenzyme method using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies]. | hepatitis a viruses (hav) isolated from man and old world monkeys varied in their interaction with monoclonal antibodies (mca) in enzyme immunoassay. all human hav isolates reacted with the mca under study (hic19, h7c27, and k3-4c8), whereas the viruses isolated directly from monkeys did not react with h7c27 mca and some of them also with h1c19 mca. simian hav strains became capable of reacting with h7c27 mca and h1c19 mca after adaptation to cell culture. in tests with human and simian immune s ... | 1989 | 2543140 |
| [serological proof of the existence of a variety of non-a, non-b hepatitis with a fecal-oral transmission mechanism]. | an outbreak of hepatitis in one of siberian regions mainly among adults of 19-35 years of age was studied. the epidemiological studies showed the infection to spread by the fecal-oral mechanism of transmission. in 90% of the patients the disease was mild, in 10% of moderate severity; no severe forms or fatal outcomes were observed. this refers also to pregnant women irrespective of the term of pregnancy. among 78 subjects examined, antibody to hepatitis a virus of the igm class (anti-hav-igm) we ... | 1989 | 2548344 |
| characteristics of different solid-phase immunoassay formats for the measurement of bk virus immunoglobulin m in sera of patients on renal dialysis or with kidney allografts. | solid-phase immunoglobulin m (igm) antigen capture enzyme immunoassay (agceia) and antibody capture enzyme immunoassay (abceia) were developed for the diagnosis of bk virus (bkv) infections. of 37 serum samples from renal allograft recipients, 15 were positive for bkv igm antibody by either agceia, abceia, or antigen capture radioimmunoassay. false-positive igm results were observed in the agceia in the presence of high levels of bkv igg antibody (titers greater than or equal to 1:51,200), when ... | 1989 | 2549091 |
| [the territorial and age-related characteristics of the distribution of patients with non-a, non-b viral hepatitis infected via the fecal-oral mechanism in foci of elevated viral hepatitis morbidity in the uzbek ssr]. | the study of patients from 10 foci of acute viral hepatitides for the presence of hbsag (in the passive reverse hemagglutination test) and anti-hepatitis a virus igm (in the radioimmunoassay) has shown high frequency and variability in the spread of hepatitis non-a, non-b, the prevalence of adults aged 20-29 years and children aged 2-4 years among persons involved into the epidemic process and the tendency towards an increase in the proportion of hepatitis non-a, non-b in the total number of cas ... | 1989 | 2551112 |
| investigation of an outbreak of hepatitis a simplified by salivary antibody testing. | in march 1988 a general practitioner notified two cases of hepatitis a in a private boarding school. epidemiological investigation, including testing for salivary antibodies revealed a further five cases and established immunity to, and recent infection with, hepatitis a virus (hav). the pattern of the outbreak was described. a number of practices which would encourage cross-infection were corrected. normal human immunoglobulin was given to contacts. repeat salivary testing 10 weeks later reveal ... | 1989 | 2553465 |
| [fulminant hepatic failure due to hepatitis a]. | fulminant hepatic failure accompanied by encephalopathy is a rare complication of acute liver disease, especially infection due to hepatitis a virus. we describe a 24-year-old woman and a 27-year-old man who developed this complication. one case presented with loss of consciousness and ended fatally. in the other the presenting symptoms were mental confusion and transient asterixis. although hepatitis due to virus a is usually mild and the course favorable, one should be aware of the possibility ... | 1989 | 2707677 |
| viral diseases involving the liver. | even though hav, hbv and hnanb viruses are responsible for most of the viral hepatitis cases, many other viruses have been reported to cause hepatic injury. these viruses may involve the liver, either as part of a systemic illness (e.g. ebv, cmv, hsv) or as the primary target organ (e.g. yellow fever virus, lassa fever virus, ebola virus). clinically overt hepatocellular dysfunction is rare in such viral infections. biochemical disturbance of hepatic functions shown, for example, by rises in ast ... | 1987 | 2822180 |
| the entire nucleotide sequence of the genome of human hepatitis a virus (isolate mbb). | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an important human pathogen causing hepatitis, with high incidence in developed as well as in developing countries. no vaccines are available. in order to determine the primary structure of the hav genome, we have prepared cdnas from viral rna and cloned these into plasmid pbr322. these clones were used to determine the entire nucleotide sequence of the hav rna by rapid sequencing methods. we have compared this sequence of 7470 bases to known partial sequences, and one ... | 1987 | 2823500 |
| an electron microscopical investigation of faecal small round viruses. | a retrospective study of small round featureless viruses (srvs) initially identified by negative-staining electron microscopy of stool samples was performed. a variety of technique, including immunoelectron microscopy and caesium chloride gradient centrifugation, was applied in an attempt to classify further these viruses. over a four-year period, 64 srv-positive samples were reported (1.8% of the stool samples sent for electron microscopy and 6.2% of the total number of positive samples), of wh ... | 1988 | 2832539 |
| [spontaneous hepatitis similar to hepatitis a in african green monkeys]. | circulation of a virus similar to human hepatitis a virus by antigenic and some other properties was observed among african green monkeys imported from their natural habitats. in some of the monkeys this virus caused a disease similar to hepatitis a in many features. | 1987 | 2833034 |
| adaptation of hepatitis a virus to high titre growth in diploid and permanent cell cultures. | a hepatitis a virus isolate originally obtained from the feces of a clinically ill patient and passaged in diploid human embryonic kidney and lung cells was adapted to grow in mrc-5, cercopithecus aethiops muscle and in vero cells. three different adaptation methods were applied. either method proved to be suitable to finally give high virus titres of cell-bound as well as cell-free virus in the supernatant of infected cultures during 10 to 15 passages. an easily performable immunoperoxidase sta ... | 1988 | 2834626 |
| research of enterovirus, hepatitis a virus in a bathing area over a six month period and their salubrity impact. | cell-culturable enterovirus and hav levels in the effluent of a treatment plant were compared with those near the effluent outfall and in a neighbouring bathing area over a period of six months. enteroviruses were found in all effluent samples, whereas only three contained hav. no viruses were detected near the outfall nor in the bathing area. despite the low impact of this scenario on human health, the view is expressed that the potential risk posed by the discharge of viruses from treatment pl ... | 1988 | 2837025 |
| the prevalence of serological markers to hepatitis a and hepatitis b in drug abuse personnel. | a seroepidemiologic survey was conducted in 25 clinical and 31 nonclinical personnel engaged in substance abuse research and treatment. the antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) was identified in 16 percent of the clinical employees and 39 percent of the nonclinical personnel, for a total prevalence of 29 percent. the prevalence of anti-hav was age related, and the overall frequency was not greater than expected attack rates. hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were present in 16 percent of the c ... | 1986 | 2839211 |
| development of an antibody-capture igm-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of acute epstein-barr virus infections. | an anti-ebv igm-elisa was developed using the antibody-capture principle, to be used for the diagnosis of acute infectious mononucleosis (im). the test was based on anti-human igm-coated microtiter plates; nuclei of ebv producer cells were used for antigen; conjugate was prepared by labeling sheep anti-ebv igg with horseradish peroxidase. the specificity of the anti-ebv igm-elisa was studied with a panel of sera from acute infections with hepatitis a virus, rubella virus, toxoplasma gondii and c ... | 1988 | 2846605 |
| a technology of preparing hepatitis a virus (hav) from human stools. | two-step differential centrifugation through 40% and 20% sucrose of 20% water extracts of hav-positive stools yielded specific defined antigens for hepatitis a serological diagnosis by 3rd-generation methods. the antigens would be suitable also for other purposes. products of comparable quality were obtained from hav-positive stools yielding different amounts of virus. optimal were incubation-period stools, where the loss in hav yield was minimal; these preparations displayed the highest antigen ... | 1988 | 2848884 |
| sensitive assays for viral antibodies in saliva: an alternative to tests on serum. | paired serum and saliva specimens were tested by conventional assays and by igg-capture radioimmunoassays (gacria) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (gacelisa) for antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav, 100 pairs), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv, 53), hepatitis b virus core (hbc, 62), and rubella virus (30). conventional assays failed to detect viral antibodies in the saliva of 93 of 119 seropositive subjects. however, gacria detected the antibodies in both serum and saliva of all subjects ... | 1987 | 2885575 |
| review of hepatitis non-a, non-b: the potential hazards in dental care. | several of the common viral agents that can cause hepatitis have been detected in body fluids, including saliva and blood, which may both form important routes for transmission of disease. the viruses most commonly implicated include hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus. hepatitis delta virus (hdv) can be found in persons positive for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and presumably follows the same routes of transmission as hbv. herpe ... | 1988 | 2963986 |
| [simultaneous detection of igm antibodies against the hepatitis a virus and the viral capsid antigen of epstein-barr virus in acute hepatitis]. | the simultaneous detection of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav igm) and igm antibodies to viral capsid antigen (anti-vca igm) of epstein-barr virus (ebv) in patients with acute viral hepatitis has led us to systematically study serological markers of ebv in patients with anti-hav igm positive acute hepatitis and to test for anti-hav igm in sera of patients with acute hepatitis associated with serological evidence of current primary ebv infection. all patients studied were hbsag nega ... | 1985 | 2984075 |
| primary structure and gene organization of human hepatitis a virus. | the rna genome of human hepatitis a virus (hav) was molecularly cloned. recombinant dna clones representing the entire hav rna were used to determine the primary structure of the viral genome. the length of the viral genome is 7478 nucleotides. an open reading frame starting at nucleotide 734 and terminating at nucleotide 7415 encodes a polyprotein of mr 251,940. comparison of the hav nucleotide sequence with that of other picornaviruses has failed to reveal detectable areas of homology. however ... | 1985 | 2986127 |
| human and chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibody-secreting cell lines were isolated after transformation of peripheral blood leukocytes with epstein-barr virus. blood samples were obtained from human donors having circulating antibodies against hepatitis viruses (hab, hbv), rubella, or rabies virus and from a chimpanzee infected with hav. dextran-isolated leukocytes were submitted to epstein-barr virus infection at low cell concentrations (1 x 10(4) cells x ml-1). proliferating clones could be observed in 50-100% of the cul ... | 1985 | 2989374 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus and antibody by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (k3-2f2 and k3-4c8) raised against hepatitis a virus were used to develop a solid-phase radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of hepatitis a virus and antibody. assays with this pair of monoclonal antibodies were compared in parallel with similarly constructed solid-phase radioimmunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in which human polyclonal serum was used. the monoclonal antibody assay proved to be more sensitive for the detec ... | 1985 | 2991329 |
| adsorption, purification, and growth characteristics of hepatitis a virus strain has-15 propagated in fetal rhesus monkey kidney cells. | a human fecal isolate of hepatitis a virus strain has-15 was adapted to rapid growth in frhk-4 cells by more than 20 7-day passages. a cell culture-derived inoculum of strain has-15 was used at a multiplicity of infection of 80 radioimmunofocus-forming units per cell, and a one-step growth curve was determined. both intracellular production and supernatant release of infectious virions were evaluated. detection of virus release into the medium directly corresponded to intracellular production of ... | 1986 | 3007565 |
| immunoassays for the diagnosis of viral enteric pathogens. | the accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases is important for the optimal management of infected patients as well as for the prevention of disease transmission to susceptible individuals. because viral gastroenteritis constitutes an important cause of morbidity in children living in developed countries and of mortality in children living in developing countries, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of effective methods for the diagnosis and study of this disease. while the ... | 1986 | 3009084 |
| an inactivated hepatitis a viral vaccine of cell culture origin. | hepatitis a virus (hav) strain cr326, adapted to grow in llc-mk2 cells, was highly purified, inactivated with formalin, adsorbed to alum, and tested for capacity to induce antibody to hav in both mice and marmosets. the minimum dose of hav antigen necessary to produce antibody in 50% of mice was 10 ng. as little as three doses of 1 ng each produced antibody in 50% of marmosets. further, all marmosets with any detectable antibody to hav, as a result of vaccination, were protected against virulent ... | 1986 | 3009703 |
| prevalence of antibodies to enteroviruses and varicella-zoster virus among residents and overseas volunteers at agricultural settlements in israel. | within the framework of a comprehensive study of the correlation between enteric diseases and wastewater utilization in agricultural settlements (kibbutzim) the prevalence of several viral antibodies was examined among kibbutz residents and overseas volunteers. the latter were assumed to be a group highly susceptible to local pathogens. for the purpose of this study the presence of antibodies against eight enteroviruses [coxsackieviruses (cox) types a9, b1, b3, and b4, echoviruses (echo) types 4 ... | 1986 | 3021900 |
| kaposi's sarcoma and htlv-iii: a study in nigerian adult males. | sera from 37 adult nigerian men with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), 30 contemporaneous controls bearing primary cell carcinoma of the liver (pcl), and 150 healthy non-tumour-bearing negative controls were tested for antibody to human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii/lymphadenopathy associated virus (htlv-iii/lav) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). certain immunocellular functions were also measured: the chemotactic locomotion of peripheral blood monocytes towards casein, delayed-type cutan ... | 1986 | 3021963 |
| epidemiological features of acute viral hepatitis among the israeli defence forces, 1977-83. | high morbidity rates of non-b hepatitis in the israeli defence forces has stimulated efforts towards its prevention. this paper analyses morbidity over a period of 7 years since a programme of pre-exposure prophylaxis with human normal immunoglobulin began. among 1480 cases studied, about 5% were of hepatitis b. in 360 patients further investigated 11% of illnesses were caused by hepatitis non-a non-b viruses; the remainder by hepatitis a virus. females comprised about 15% of all three groups. e ... | 1987 | 3108411 |
| [hepatitis non-a, non-b: epidemiological significance in acute viral hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis of hepatological consultation]. | 157 acute viral hepatitis and 60 chronic active ones have been analyzed focusing on nanb etiology. hav was implicated in 36.3% of the hole acute viral hepatitis sample, hbv in 29.3%, and hnanbv was presumed as etiology in 31.2%, 5 patients (3.2%) had acute infection by hav, on previous one by hbv, except for epstein-barr virus, no other test for viruses were determined (cmv, hsv, etc.). male/female ratio was 1.4:1, 1.9:1, and 1.4:1 for hav, hbv and hnanbv acute hepatitis respectively; hav was th ... | 1987 | 3126619 |
| spontaneous and experimental hepatitis a in old world monkeys. | virologic, serologic, biochemical, and morphological data characterizing spontaneous hepatitis a (ha) in cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) and green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) are reported. experimental ha was induced in macaques as a result of infection with human hepatitis a virus (hav-h). disease similar to human ha was induced in cynomolgus macaques by hav isolates from spontaneously sick rhesus (m. mulatta) and green monkeys. this experimental model of ha in macaques can be us ... | 1988 | 3193448 |
| diagnostic usefulness of anti-hbc-igm and anti-hd antibodies in acute viral hepatitis. | to evaluate diagnostic improvement achieved with the determination of antibody to hepatitis core antigen of igm type (anti-hbc-igm) and antibody to delta antigen (anti-hd) in acute type b hepatitis, 155 patients (of whom 100 were drug addicts) were studied, using these markers in association with the classical markers of viral hepatitis (anti-hbc, anti-hbs, anti-hav-igm and anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies). with classical diagnostic criteria, 121 patients would have been diagnosed as having b he ... | 1986 | 3803810 |
| reactivation of chronic type b hepatitis presenting as acute viral hepatitis. | three asymptomatic chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen, who had normal serum aminotransferase levels and no detectable hepatitis b e antigen in serum, developed icteric, symptomatic acute hepatitis. serologic evidence of acute infection with hepatitis a virus, delta hepatitis virus, cytomegalovirus, or epstein-barr virus was absent. however, hepatitis b virus dna and dna polymerase activity, which were not detectable before the exacerbation, appeared in the serum of all three patient ... | 1985 | 3994187 |
| etiologic relationship of marmoset-propagated cr326 hepatitis a virus to hepatitis in man. | | 1973 | 4632938 |
| virus-binding activity of fibronectin: masking of hepatitis a virus. | human plasma fibronectin interacts with viruses. when fibronectin-containing human sera negative for antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) were added to suspensions of hav, radioimmunological detection of hav was reduced. this masking effect seemed to depend on the fibronectin concentration of the sera: plasma fibronectin purified by cryoprecipitation and affinity chromatography showed a masking effect on purified hav which was dependent on the concentrations of fibronectin and hav. fibronectin ... | 1984 | 6088567 |
| prevalence of markers of hepatotrophic viruses in alcoholics with symptomatic liver cirrhosis or pancreatitis. | the reason why similar amounts of alcohol consumption cause different types of organ damage in alcoholics is obscure. recent studies indicate that hepatitis b virus infection may influence the development of liver cirrhosis in alcoholics. we investigated the prevalence of markers of viruses known to cause hepatitis (hav, hbv, ebv, cmv) in two groups of patients, one with alcoholic pancreatitis without known liver cirrhosis and one with alcoholic liver cirrhosis without known pancreatitis. we fou ... | 1984 | 6089303 |
| a "reverse" solid-phase radio-immuno-assay for igm-antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | a "reverse"solid-phase radio-immuno-assay for igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) was developed. anti-human igm immunoglobulins were bound on the wells of polyvinylchloride microtiter plates. serum specimens were incubated in the anti-human igm coated wells and bound igm antibodies were then assayed for antigen specificity by subsequent incubations with hav antigen and 125i-labelled human anti-hav igg. the test showed a high sensitivity and specificity for anti-hav igm antibodies. no false ... | 1981 | 6270954 |
| studies on the transmission of human hepatitis a virus to stump-tailed monkey. | the newly-caught stump-tailed monkeys (macaca speciosa) with negative antibody to hepatitis a were inoculated with human hepatitis a virus. the following findings were observed in the monkeys after inoculation: (i) the elevation of activities of the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme (ldh5), (ii) the seroconversion of antibody to hepatitis a virus. (iii) the shedding of hepatitis a antigen in feces. these findings show that the stump-tailed monkey (macac ... | 1981 | 6272388 |
| hepatitis a virus in cell culture. iii. propagation of hepatitis a virus in human embryo kidney cells and human embryo fibroblast strains. | the propagation and adaptation of hepatitis a virus (hav) in human embryo kidney cells (hkc) is shown. the growth curve of hav in the first passage through hkc is compared to the growth curve in the tenth passage through hkc. it is shown that in the course of 18 passages through hkc, hav adapted to these cells causing the virus to grow much more rapidly. the cell-bound hav is compared to the hav released in the cell-culture supernatant during the ninth passage through hkc. the hav from the tenth ... | 1981 | 6275251 |
| [purification of hepatitis a virus from human feces]. | hepatitis a virus was purified from on early acute phase human stool by a procedure using 10% polyethylene glycol precipitation, sepharose 2b gel filtration, isopycnic banding in cesium chloride, rate zonal separation in sucrose - 99,5% of the 280 nm absorbing fecal impurities were removed. | 1981 | 6279252 |
| failure of guanidine and 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole to inhibit replication of hepatitis a virus in vitro. | replication of hepatitis a virus (hav) in the human hepatoma-derived plc/prf/5 cell line was neither inhibited in the presence of various concentrations of guanidine or d-2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)benzimidazole (d-hbb), nor were the two chemicals effective in combination. under identical conditions, however, replication of poliovirus type 1 was inhibited. tracer experiments with radiolabelled guanidine and d-hbb also furnished no evidence that the two antiviral substances were metabolized gradually ... | 1982 | 6288846 |
| hepatitis virus vaccines: present status. | during the past decade there has been extraordinary progress toward the development of vaccines for the prevention of type a and type b hepatitis. the successful propagation of hepatitis a virus in cell culture in 1979 was followed by the preparation of experimental live attenuated hepatitis a vaccines that have been shown to induce antibody in marmosets and chimpanzees and protect immunized marmosets against challenge with hepatitis a virus. the first human immunization trials will begin in mid ... | 1982 | 6295013 |
| hepatitis a-virus in cell culture. iv. comparison of cell-culture-produced hav with stool-derived hav in diagnostic test systems. | hepatitis a-virus produced in frhk-4/r cells is used and compared with stool-derived hav as an antigen in diagnostic test systems. it is shown that the two antigens react identically in the anti-hav test with anti-hav-igg positive human sera. in the anti-hav-igm test, too, stool-derived hav and cell-culture-produced hav react very similarly. the titres of anti-hav-igg and anti-hav-igm positive sera, obtained with stool and cell-culture hav in quantitative antibody determinations, are shown to be ... | 1984 | 6325856 |
| unrelatedness of factor viii-derived non-a/non-b hepatitis and hepatitis b virus. | a dna hybridization assay was used to detect hepatitis b virus (hbv)-specific dna sequences in extracted sera obtained from chimpanzees infected with hbv, hepatitis a virus (hav), and a factor viii-derived non-a/non-b (nanb) agent. the results did not reveal any hbv-dna homology with sera obtained from animals infected with hav or factor viii-derived nanb. sera obtained from two hbv-infected chimpanzees demonstrated that hbv-specific dna could be detected during the acute phase of the disease. i ... | 1983 | 6403666 |
| viral hepatitis and the anaesthetist. | viral hepatitis is a constant hazard to all operating room personnel. the anaesthetist should avoid contact with patients' blood and saliva as much as is possible. hepatitis a (hav) is spread mainly by faecal/oral contact. carriers are almost non-existent in this disease and the main importance to the anaesthetist is that he may contact a patient who is acutely infected or one who is incubating hav. diagnosis of postoperative hepatic dysfunction may then be a problem. prophylaxis with gamma glob ... | 1984 | 6426756 |
| a sero-epidemiologic study of a water-borne epidemic of viral hepatitis in kolhapur city, india. | between february and march 1981 an epidemic of hepatitis occurred in kolhapur city, maharashtra state, india. approximately 1200 cases of jaundice were reported; more than 300 patients were hospitalized and three died. the epidemiological investigations showed a distinct concentration of cases in municipal ward e of the city. investigations of the ward e water supply system disclosed gross contamination of raw water with sewage at source. the serological studies revealed that the aetiological ag ... | 1984 | 6430994 |
| aspects of the ecology of viral hepatitis. | human viral hepatitis, a major public health problem throughout the world, is caused by several different viruses. hepatitis a virus is a member of the enterovirus genus. hepatitis b is as yet an unclassified dna virus. a number of unidentified viruses cause at least two different types of non-a, non-b hepatitis. the delta agent, which has been described more recently, is a transmissible agent which is dependent for its replication on a helper function provided by hepatitis b virus. aspects of t ... | 1983 | 6432521 |
| [epidemiology of viral hepatitis in algeria]. | viral hepatitis is endemoepidemic in algeria. recent serologic and epidemiological surveys have specified the importance of a, b and non a non b viruses respectively and brought out some details. -- hepatitis a is very common: 96% of individuals have anti-hav antibodies. patients come into contact with the virus before the age of 10. no symptoms are found in 95% of cases. icteric hepatitis occurs in infants. -- hepatitis b infection includes 40 to 50% of icteric hepatitis in adults. clinical and ... | 1984 | 6438432 |
| hepatitis, epidemiology and liver function in hemophiliacs in sweden. | the epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver function were studied in a retrospective survey of 69 patients with moderate and severe hemophilia a and b, and with severe von willebrand's disease. forty-nine patients were on prophylactic self-therapy and 20 on episodic treatment by medical personnel. serologic markers of viral hepatitis (hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc, anti-hav, and in some cases hbeag and anti-hbe) and liver function tests (asat, alat, igg) were followed for up to 12 years. there was ... | 1984 | 6610281 |
| acquisition of antibodies to various coxsackie and echo viruses and hepatitis a virus in agricultural communal settlements in israel. | a seroepidemiological study was conducted to measure the antibody prevalence for eight different enteric viruses. these include seven "classical" enteroviruses, ie, coxsackie virus types a9, b1, b3, b4 and three echo virus types 4, 7, and 9, as well as hepatitis a virus (hav), recently classified as enterovirus 72. sera samples were obtained from 791 residents living in 29 agricultural settlements (kibbutzim) with a total population of 15,950. the results indicated that the acquisition of antibo ... | 1984 | 6747611 |
| etiological characterization of hepatitis b surface antigen-negative hepatitis among adult patients in athens, greece. | in a 4-month period, 216 cases of acute viral hepatitis were diagnosed in adults at the infectious diseases hospital, athens, greece. twenty-six percent of these were hepatitis b surface antigen negative. a full set of clinical specimens was obtained from 19 of these patients, who were studied in depth for the etiology of their hepatitis. a total of 7 of the 19 patients had serological evidence of hepatitis a virus infection, and 2 had evidence of recent hepatitis b virus infection. the remainin ... | 1980 | 6769949 |
| prevalence of type b and non-a, non-b hepatitis in hemophilia: relationship to chronic liver disease. | to assess the relationship of liver dysfunction and hepatitis markers in hemophilic patients treated with factor viii or ix concentrates, we studied 103 patients with hemophilia a and b for 6-36 mo. elevated serum alanine aminotransferase was noted in 79% of the patients, with 51% of the patients showing persistent elevation for longer than 6 mo. thirteen patients (12%) were hbsag-positive, with 8 patients showing persistence of hbsag and abnormal serum alanine aminotransferase for more than 6 m ... | 1980 | 6777232 |
| [acute non-a non-b viral hepatitis]. | thirty-one patients hbs ag negative seen between january 1978 and june 1980 were studied. twenty-four of them were males and seven females. their age ranged between 13 and 58 years. all of them were anti-hav igm negative. six patients presented simultaneously anti hbc and anti hbs in the two first weeks of the illness. this fact could be imputed to an acquired immunity due to a previous infection with virus b. none of the patients studied had evidence of infectious mononucleosis or cytomegalovir ... | 1980 | 6784431 |
| [prevalence of non a - non b hepatitis in childhood (author's transl)]. | little is known from the literature about the epidemiology of non a - non b hepatitis (nanb/h) in childhood. aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nanb/h in a consecutive series of children with acute viral hepatitis hospitalized over an one year's period. thirty children, 9 females, aged 3-12 years, were studied. serial blood samples were tested for hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc, anti-hav (abbott ria), anti-hav-igm (absorption staph. aureus protein a), anti-ebv (immunofluorescence), ant ... | 1981 | 6806782 |