| application of immunoperoxidase techniques to formalin-fixed brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies in southern africa. | two immunoperoxidase techniques, viz. avidin-biotin complex (abc) and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (pap) procedures, were applied to paraffin-wax-embedded brain-tissue sections, from brains which had been fixed in 10% formalin, to demonstrate the presence of rabies-virus antigen by light microscopy. these techniques positively identified both "viverrid" and "canid" rabies-virus antigen in tissues sections of species commonly infected with rabies virus in southern africa, viz. the domestic dog (can ... | 1994 | 7541123 |
| a liquid-phase blocking elisa for the detection of antibodies to rabies virus. | a liquid-phase blocking elisa was adapted to the detection and titration of antibodies to principally the nucleoprotein of rabies virus. sera from animals that had either been vaccinated against rabies or inoculated with street rabies viruses, as well as sera from animals that had no recorded contact with rabies, were tested. these included sera from people, cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, laboratory mice, rabbits, yellow mongooses, wild dogs and lions. where possible, the results were compared with ... | 1995 | 7730435 |
| the role of the yellow mongoose (cynictis penicillata) in the epidemiology of rabies in south africa--preliminary results. | ninety-seven yellow mongooses were captured in six different localities in south africa and blood specimens for rabies antibody determination as well as brain and salivary glands for virus isolation were collected. no rabies virus or antibody to it was detected in any of the specimens. parallel to the field study, two experimental infections were undertaken in which yellow mongooses were artificially infected with serial dilutions of two different rabies isolates (one from a dog and the other of ... | 1993 | 7777323 |
| the spread of canine rabies into free state province of south africa: a molecular epidemiological characterization. | the free state (fs) province of the republic of south africa is associated with endemic rabies in the yellow mongoose, cynictis penicillata. historically, this mongoose rabies virus biotype occasionally spilled over into domestic dogs, but the canid rabies virus biotype of southern africa did not occur here, until recently. we report on the recent spread of canine rabies by means of a molecular epidemiological study that was performed on a cohort of 69 rabies viruses collected from dogs in fs pr ... | 2009 | 19428751 |
| rabid epidemiologies: the emergence and resurgence of rabies in twentieth century south africa. | this article discusses the history of rabies in south africa since the early twentieth century. it argues that rabies is a zoonotic disease that traverses rural and urban spaces, that transfers itself between wild and domestic animals and remains a potential threat to human life in the region. scientists discovered an indigenous form of rabies, found primarily in the yellow mongoose, after the first biomedically confirmed human fatalities in 1928. since the 1950s canine rabies, presumed to have ... | 2011 | 20665088 |
| host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals. | the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ... | 2017 | 28636590 |
| comparison of g protein sequences of south african street rabies viruses showing distinct progression of the disease in a mouse model of experimental rabies. | rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease and infections generally lead to a fatal encephalomyelitis in both humans and animals. in south africa, domestic (dogs) and the wildlife (yellow mongoose) host species maintain the canid and mongoose rabies variants respectively. in this study, pathogenicity differences of south african canid and mongoose rabies viruses were investigated in a murine model, by assessing the progression of clinical signs and survivorship. comparison of glycoprotein gene sequences ... | 2017 | 28627433 |
| global mammal parasite database version 2.0. | illuminating the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of parasites is one of the most pressing issues facing modern science, and is critical for basic science, the global economy, and human health. extremely important to this effort are data on the disease-causing organisms of wild animal hosts (including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, helminths, arthropods, and fungi). here we present an updated version of the global mammal parasite database, a database of the parasites of wild ungulates (artioda ... | 2017 | 28273333 |