| the cathode bound group antigen of dysentery-provoking escherichieae (author's transl). | antigens from disrupted cells of dysentery-provoking and of non-enteropathogenic escherichieae were submitted to immunoelectrophoresis on cellulose acetate stripes at ph 8.0. among 6 immune sera produced for this purpose by immunizing rabbits against desintegrated dysentery bacteria, only one contained a precipitine reacting with an antigen similar to the "generic antigen" of belaya. this - at ph 8.0 - cathode-bound group antigen (kga) could not only be found in virulent but also in 5 attenuated ... | 1975 | 873 |
| escherichia coli strains that cause diarrhoea but do not produce heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins and are non-invasive. | three enteropathogenic escherichia coli (e.p.e.c.) strains (o127:k63:h6, o128:k67:h2, and o142:k86:h6) isolated from outbreaks of infantile diarrhoea and one strain from the "normal" colonic flora (e. coli hs) of a healthy adult were fed in doses of 10(6), 10(8), and 10(10) organisms in nahco3 to adult volunteers. the strains, which had been stored for 7--9 years, gave negative results in sensitive tests for heat-labile (l.t.) enterotoxin (y-1 adrenal-cell test), heat-stable (s.t.) enterotoxin ( ... | 1978 | 77415 |
| isolation and characterization of homogeneous heat-labile enterotoxins with high specific activity from escherichia coli cultures. | the heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) has been isolated in homogeneous form with high specific activity from three sources: cell-free supernatant, nacl extract, and whole-cell lysates of an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain. in vitro immunological assays were used in lieu of tedious and highly variable bioassays to recognize fractions with activity. this revealed that the major portion of the lt remained adherent to columns containing agarose, from which it could be eluted quantitatively in pra ... | 1979 | 89088 |
| [pathogenesis of coli enteritis (author's transl)]. | the pathogenic mechanisms of e. coli in diarrheal diseases were largely obscure up to now. the discovery of an enterotoxin which corresponded with the cholera enterotoxin in its mode of action and is also largely identical with this molecule immunologically provided essentially new aspects of the pathogenic importance of e. coli in diarrheal diseases. the detection of enterotoxin formation depends on the biological test model and presently it is still expensive and unsuitable for routine laborat ... | 1979 | 106243 |
| efficient conjugation of rabbit fab' with beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli. | an efficient procedure for the conjugation of rabbit fab' with beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli using n,n-o-phenylenedimaleimide is described. thiol groups of fab' were stabilized by the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and malemide groups were shown to be stable at ph 5 at 4 degrees c. the stability of thiol and maleimide groups enabled an efficient introduction of maleimide groups into fab' and the average number of maleimide groups introduced into fab' was 0.76 (range 0.73-0 ... | 1979 | 112675 |
| experimental syphilis in the rabbit: passive transfer of immunity with immunoglobulin g from immune serum. | a preparation of immunoglobulin g isolated from a pool of immune sera derived from rabbits with long-term syphilis was shown to possess a high degree of purity as judged by immunodiffusion and protein electrophoresis. the antitreponemal power of the preparation of immunoglobulin g and that of the immune serum pool from which it was derived were found to be equivalent in both the skin protection and the systemic protection test. the observation that neither normal serum nor a pool of serum derive ... | 1979 | 120386 |
| histopathological effect of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in the rabbit ileum. | highly purified enterotoxin from clostridium perfringens was found to have histopathological activity in the rabbit ileum. unlike the action of cholera, escherichia coli, and shigella enterotoxins, epithelium was denuded from the tips of ileal villi at concentrations of the enterotoxin necessary to induce fluid accumulation in the rabbit. whether or not this observed histopathology is essential for the diarrheal syndrome associated with clostridium perfringens food poisoning remains unclear. | 1975 | 172454 |
| an epidemic of diarrhoea in human neonates involving a reovirus-like agent and 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli. | during december 1974, an epidemic of diarrhoea occurred in the royal children's hospital, melbourne, in a ward caring for neonates with acute or chronic medical and surgical problems. electron microscopy of diarrhoeal faeces revealed a reovirus-like particle ('duovirus' or 'rotavirus') known to cause acute enteritis in older children. this virus is considered to have been primarily involved in the aetiology of the epidemic. in addition, three 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli were ... | 1976 | 175099 |
| the role of cyclic amp in the chemotactic responsiveness and spontaneous motility of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. the inhibition of neutrophil movement and the elevation of cyclic amp levels by catecholamines, prostaglandins, theophylline and cholera toxin. | agents known to affect intracellular levels of cyclic amp in many diverse systems have been tested for their effect on the chemotaxis induced by escherichia coli culture filtrates, spontaneous motility and cyclic amp levels of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. prostaglandin e1 and a1 but not prostaglandin f2alpha increased neutrophil cyclic amp levels and, correspondingly, only the former two prostaglandins inhibited chemotaxis. nevertheless, a quantitative relationship between prostaglandin stimul ... | 1975 | 170335 |
| adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in rabbit cerebrospinal fluid during fever induced by e. coli-endotoxin. | in rabbit cerebrospinal fluid during fever induced by e. coli-endotoxin adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate concentrations are about 2-fold higher in comparison to normal values. in addition to prostaglandins of the e series adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate might act as another mediator in the genesis of fever during infectious diseases. | 1975 | 165391 |
| modulation of in vivo antibody responses by cholera toxin. | treatment of mice with an exotoxin (0.01 mug to 1.0 mug) purified from vibrio cholerae culture filtrates markedly influenced the immune response to sheep erythrocytes (srbc) and the escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps). simultaneous administration of the toxin (ct) with antigen resulted in a delayed appearance of antibody plaque-forming cells (pfc) during the first few days after immunization, followed by a marked enhancement of both igm and igg pfc. the secondary immune response to srbc wa ... | 1975 | 163279 |
| study of the in vitro pharmacological effects of gram-negative endotoxins in parallel with toxicity testing in normal adult guinea-pigs. | | 1978 | 206397 |
| immunodeficiency in down's syndrome. titres of "natural" antibodies to e. coli and rabbit erythrocytes at different ages. | "natural" antibody titres to e. coli o antigens of different serotypes and to rabbit red blood cells were determined in 86 subjects with down's syndrome and 79 mentally retarded but chromosomally normal controls ranging in age from 10 months to 52 years. subjects in the two groups were matched for sex, age and socio-environmental conditions. titres of both antibodies, assessed by haemagglutination, were significantly lower in subjects with ds in the 1 to 5 year old group. e. coli antibodies tran ... | 1978 | 152559 |
| glycoproteins of natural origin with an affinity for hepatitis b surface antigen. | sera from certain animal species contain a substance(s) which binds hepatitis b surface antigen. the hepatitis b binding substance found in animals is not antibody, but appears to be a glycoprotein which reacted with antigen-coated beads and produced a "false positive" test for antibody. this glycoprotein could be selectively and quantitatively removed by reaction with purified hepatitis b surface antigen and centrifugation. pili fractions isolated from neisseria gonorrhoeae and escherichia coli ... | 1978 | 213390 |
| antigens in penicillin allergy. iii. antigen and antibody levels in mice treated with pure and contaminated penicillins. | using a radioimmunoassay, it was shown that commercially available ampicillin preparations often contain penicilloylated high molecular weight impurities. these possess immunological activities and stimulate penicilloyl-specific antibody formation in mice treated according to a therapeutic schedule. using purified and experimentally contaminated preparations it was also found that exposure of the animals to escherichia coli and bordetella pertussis bacteria could increase the antibody formation ... | 1979 | 217840 |
| a lipopolysaccharide-binding cell-surface protein from salmonella minnesota. isolation, partial characterization and occurrence in different enterobacteriaceae. | 1. protein extracts obtained from salmonella minnesota re mutant cells by treatment with edta/nac1 solution contain a protein which exhibits high affinity to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. the isolation and partial characterization of this lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is described. 2. the protein was purified from edta extracts by a two-step procedure consisting of ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 9.5. the yield of the tota ... | 1979 | 111933 |
| long-term antibody synthesis in vitro. vi. anti-allotype sera as probes of clonal products in affinity maturation. | a new experimental system is described for measuring the allotypic product of rabbit b cells during long-lasting in vitro antibody responses. the immunoenzymatic assays described allow determination of several parameters mapping in different regions of the same molecule, which can be measured and combined to yield a multidimensional picture of the time-course dynamics of antibody synthesis. the rabbit immune system responding to escherichia coli beta-d-galactosidase was sample and disassembled b ... | 1978 | 108201 |
| isolation and characterization of a guanine insertion enzyme, a specific trna transglycosylase, from escherichia coli. | a guanine insertion enzyme (trna transglycosylase) was purified to a homogeneous state from escherichia coli b by ammonium sulfate fractionation and deae-cellulose, deae-sephadex a-50, phosphocellulose, and sephadex g-200 column chromatographies. the molecular weight of the enzyme, which appeared to be a single polypeptide, was 4.6 x 10(4) by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. the enzyme catalyzes exchange of guanine with guanine located in the first position of the anticodon of trnatyr ... | 1979 | 107167 |
| an efficient procedure for serial nucleic acid hybridizations by titration analysis. | a simplified and efficient procedure has been developed for performing hybridization reactions and analyses of the percentage of hybridization on glass plates. this method is as accurate as conventional methods, while considerably reducing the time and costs to perform the hybridization in titration hybridization experiments. | 1979 | 95241 |
| new surface-associated heat-labile colonization factor antigen (cfa/ii) produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of serogroups o6 and o8. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) belonging to serogroups o6 and o8 do not possess the h-10407-type colonization factor antigen (cfa/i). however, these frequently isolated etec were found to possess a second and distinct heat-labile surface-associated colonization factor antigen, termed cfa/ii. whereas cfa/i mediates mannose-resistant hemagglutination of human group a erythrocytes, cfa/ii does not. cfa/ii mediates mannose-resistant hemagglutination of bovine erythrocytes, and mannose-resis ... | 1978 | 80383 |
| protective capacity of antibodies against escherichia coli and k antigens. | antibodies to escherichia coli o and k antigens were raised in rabbits by repeated immunizations with whole, formalin-killed and, later, liver bacteria. the serum antibody levels were determined with the ammonium sulfate precipitation technique after radioiodinating the antigens. the k antigens had to be conjugated to proteins before labeling. such conjugations were performed using cyanogen bromide for the k1 antigen and bisdiazobenzidine for the k13 antigen. the protective capacities of the rab ... | 1977 | 70410 |
| analysis of the diversity of murine antibodies to dextran b1355. i. generation of a larger, pauci-clonal response by a bacterial vaccine. | mice immunized with a combination of dextran b1355 in adjuvant followed by three injections of 2 x 10(9) escherichia coli b organisms produced an average of 14.5 mg/ml of anti-dextran antibodies. it was demonstrated that the stimulating effect of e. coli b was due to antigenic determinants cross-reactive with b1355 and not solely because of adjuvant properties of the organism. the anti-dextran antibodies were distributed among both 7s and 19s components. isoelectric focusing of the 7s antibodies ... | 1976 | 59782 |
| importance of full size complementary dna in nucleic acid hybridization. | the size of the dna product synthesized by rna-directed dna polymerase (isolated from avian myeloblastosis virus) was found to be important for complementary dna (cdna)-mrna hybridization reactions. incomplete cdna to rabbit reticulocyte globin mrna formed poor hybrids and presumably lacked sequences needed for hybridization. the size of the cdna synthesized was influenced by the reaction conditions used. the complementary dna product contained 10 s material when synthesis was done at high deoxy ... | 1976 | 58864 |
| nucleotide sequences from the rabbit beta globin gene inserted into escherichia coli plasmids. | a 169-nucleotide region from the rabbit beta globin gene has been sequenced by analysis of complementary dna's cloned in bacterial plasmids. comparison of these sequences with those established for this gene by other techniques provides evidence of a high degree of fidelity and allows the unambiguous establishment that these plasmids do not contain harmful sequences. | 1977 | 318762 |
| modulation of regulatory mechanisms operative in the cyclical production of antibody. | modulation of the cyclical response in rabbits to aggregated human gamma globulin (ahuigg) was investigated in order to study some of the parameters involved in self-regulation of the immune response. several mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [lps], phytohemagglutinin [pha], and concanavalin a [con a]), when injected simultaneously with antigen, have been shown to modulate the normal splenic plaque-forming cell (pfc) response in rabbits to a single intravenous injection of ahuigg. this response to ah ... | 1976 | 55457 |
| mucosal adherence of human enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | an in-vitro assay system has been developed to measure bacterial adhesion to the mucosa of human fetal small intestine. two strains of escherichia coli that are proven human enteropathogens (e.p.e.c.) have been shown to adhere in large numbers, compared with control organisms. the attachment mechanism is species specific and is not caused by common fimbriae. mucosal adhesion may be as important as enterotoxin production or invasiveness in determining the virulence of some strains of human e.p.e. ... | 1975 | 53431 |
| evidence of an autoimmune mechanism in pyelonephritis. | | 1975 | 53317 |
| evolution of biosynthetic pathways: immunological approach. | through the use of specific immunoadsorbent columns, it is shown that escherichia coli aspartokinase i-homoserine dehydrogenase i, aspartokinase ii-homoserine dehydrogenase ii, aspartokinase iii, and homoserine kinase, enzymes involved in the same complex biosynthetic pathway, share antigenic determinants. this raises the question of a common origin for the four cibtenoirart kinases. (aspartate kinase or atp:l aspartate 4-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.2.4; homoserine dehydrogenase or lhomoserine:na ... | 1975 | 48255 |
| the threonine-sensitive homoserine dehydrogenase and aspartokinase activities of escherichia coli k12. distribution and accessibility to antibodies of some epitopes of the bifunctional enzyme. | in the presence of l-threonine, the allosteric effector, most of the antigenic determinants situated in the aspartokinase region of the wild-type enzyme become unavailable to the antibodies raised against a fragment of the enzyme containing this region and devoid of homoserine dehydrogenase activity. the cross-reactivities of the antibodies raised against this fragment (extracted from a nonsense mutant) and a fragment endowed with homoserine dehydrogenase activity but devoid of aspartokinase act ... | 1975 | 47808 |
| comparison of the ocular effects of circulating endotoxin and immune complexes: role of vasoactive amines. | both bacterial endotoxin and soluble immune complexes (bgg-anti bgg) injected i.v. in rabbits produce an alteration in ocular vascular permeability confined primarily to the vessels of the iridial portion of the ciliary processes. these effects have been measured by the ocular accumulation of 125i-albumin relative to cardiac plasma. ten micrograms per kilogram of escherichia coli bacterial endotoxin (055:b5) produce a consistent alteration in ocular vascular permeability over a 90-min period aft ... | 1975 | 46248 |
| quantitation of the adherence of an enteropathogenic escherichia coli to isolated rabbit intestinal brush borders. | two assays were developed to quantitate the adherence of an escherichia coli strain (rdec-1) known to colonize the mucosal surface of the small intestine of rabbits to brush borders isolated from rabbit intestinal epithelial cells. in the first assay, the mean adherence per rabbit brush border was determined by counting the number of organisms adhering to each of 40 brush borders under phase microscopy. the mean adherence of rdec-1 (11.5 +/- 0.7 per rabbit brush border) was significantly greater ... | 1979 | 44705 |
| antibacterial activity of bladder surface mucin duplicated by exogenous glycosaminoglycan (heparin). | we have previously shown that the transitional cells lining the urinary bladder are capable of producing glycosaminoglycan (gag). by use of a quantitative in vivo method of measuring bacterial adherence, we demonstrated that bacterial adherence to the mucosal cells is diminished in the presence of this gag, rises when it is removed (by acid), and returns to normal when the gag is resynthesized (in less than 24 h). we also found that this much layer could be removed (with a corresponding rise in ... | 1979 | 37168 |
| localization of the site of adenylylation of glutamine synthetase by electron microscopy of an enzyme-antibody complex. | antibodies to the nucleosidel,n(6)-ethenoadenosine have been used to localize the site of adenylylation of the glutamine synthetase [l-glutamate:ammonia ligase (adp-forming), ec 6.3.1.2] of escherichia coli. antibodies were induced in rabbits by injection of a bovine albumin-ethenoadenosine conjugate. the resulting antisera strongly bound ethenoadenosine, its 5'-nucleotide, or protein conjugates of the nucleoside; little or no crossreaction was seen to adenosine, amp, or the protein carrier. eth ... | 1978 | 32536 |
| experimental e. coli arthritis in the rabbit. a model of infectious and post-infectious inflammatory synovitis. | rabbit knee joints challenged with e. coli 06 underwent a self-limited infection lasting several weeks followed by a prolonged post-infectious inflammatory arthritis. the e. coli used did not possess collagenolytic activity nor did a variety of common aerobic clinical isolates. articular cartilage destruction occurred by two basically different mechanisms: u) direct invasion of pannus at the juxtaarticular margins, and 2) fibrillation in cartilage to cartilage contact areas. weekly measurement o ... | 1977 | 18606 |
| separation of low molecular weight rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | | 1975 | 925 |
| transfer of trnas to somatic cells mediated by sendai-virus-induced fusion. | trnas from yeast (trnaphe and 4s rna) and escherichia coli (suiii+ trnaityr) have been transferred to mouse cells by means of a two-step transfer procedure [loyter, zakai, and kulka (1975) j. cell biol. 66, 292-304; schlegel and rechsteiner (1975) cell 5, 371-379]. in the first stage of the transfer trnas were incorporated into rabbit red blood cells (rbcs). thereafter, the loaded erythrocytes were fused with recipient mouse cells by means of sendai virus. at least 0.3-0.4% of the total input of ... | 1976 | 183211 |
| mechanism of fever induction in rabbits. | three exogenous pyrogens (escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, synthetic double-stranded ribonucleic acid. newcastle disease virus) were compared with respect to their mechanisms of fever induction in rabbits. all inducers stimulated the production of an endogenous pyrogen demonstrated in the blood as well as prostaglandins of the e group, and of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in the cerebrospinal fluid. the concentrations of these compounds were elevated approximately twofold as compared ... | 1976 | 185148 |
| mitogenic response of mouse spleen cells and gelation of limulus lysate by lipopolysaccharide of yersinia pestis and evidence for neutralization of lipopolysaccharide by polymyxin b. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) extracted with phenol and water from yersinia pestis was compared with lps of escherichia coli for stimulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in mouse spleen cells (lymphocyte mitogenesis), gelation of limulus lysate, pyrogenicity in the rabbit, and susceptibility to inhibition of these activities by polymyxin b sulfate (pbs). lps of y. pestis stimulated deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in mouse spleen cell cultures over the same quantitative range as lps of e. coli. ... | 1977 | 200563 |
| the isolation and partial characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factors from escherichia coli. | heat-stable, chemotactically active peptides have been obtained from escherichia coli culture filtrates. they range in size between 150 and 1500 daltons and are anionic at neutral ph. free carboxyl groups but not free amino groups appear to be required for activity. the n-terminal group may be blocked. there do not appear to be internal aromatic or basic residues in the chemotactically active fractions. a highly purified, not completely characterized, fraction was found to contain aspartic acid, ... | 1975 | 165239 |
| the effect of cholera toxin and heat labile and heat stable escherichia coli enterotoxin on cyclic amp concentrations in small intestinal mucosa of pig and rabbit. | the effect of cholera toxin, heat labile and heat stable escherichia coli enterotoxin on mucosal cyclic amp concentrations was determined on the proximal jejunum of weanling pigs and young rabbits. ligated loops were injected with solutions containing no enterotoxin for control and either cholera toxin, heat labile or heat stable e. coli enterotoxin. the loops were drained after either two, four or six hours incubation at which time accumulated fluid was recorded and mucosal samples removed for ... | 1978 | 210913 |
| [action of cyclic adenosine monophosphate on the spleen antibody--forming cells of rabbits immunized with escherichia coli]. | cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) parenterally injected to rabbits (immunized intraperitoneally with thymus-independent antigen of killed e. coli 0127/545) during january--april inhibited production of antibody-forming cells (afc) in the spleen of these animals, and during may--june it increased the afc count. both the stimulating and inhibitory effect of camp was associated with the administration of the same doses of 25--250 microgram/kg. the nature of the camp effect on the production of ... | 1978 | 218404 |
| studies on human trna. i. the rapid, large scale isolation and partial fractionation of placenta and liver trna. | a procedure for the large scale isolation of mammalian trna has been applied to the isolation of several grams of human liver, human placenta, rabbit liver and rat liver trna. this procedure entails an initial grinding of the tissue in phenol-sodium acetate at acidic ph, followed by deae cellulose chromatography. procedures are also described for analysis of the purified trna on the basis of size, using controlled pore glass bean columns. in addition, the acceptor activity of isolated trnas has ... | 1975 | 236551 |
| the structure of klebsiella serotype ii capsular polysaccharide. | using periodate oxidation, methylation analysis, the characterization of oligosaccharides obtained by partial acid hydrolysis, p.m.r. spectroscopy, and analytical ultracentrifugation, the structure of the (mildly alkali-treated) klebsiella serotype 11 capusular polysaccharide has been elucidated. the tetrasaccharide repeating-unit comprises the sequence yields 3)-beta-d-glcp-(1 yields 3)-beta-d-glcuap-(1 yields 3)-alpha-d-galp-(1 yields with a 4,6-o-(1-carboxyethylidene)-alpha-d-galactosyl resid ... | 1975 | 236829 |
| hemagglutination of human group a erythrocytes by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from adults with diarrhea: correlation with colonization factor. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) of several different serotypes isolated from adults with diarrhea and known to possess the colonization factor antigen (cfa) were found to cause mannose-resistant hemagglutination (ha) of human group a erythrocytes. cfa-negative e. coli isolated during the same study did not possess the mannose-resistant hemagglutinin, although some non-etec, cfa-negative isolates did exhibit mannose-sensitive ha activity. the mannoseresistant hemagglutinin of etec was fou ... | 1977 | 336541 |
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malic enzyme of rat liver. purification, properties, and immunochemical studies. | rat liver malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.40) was purified from livers of rats fasted and refed a high sucrose diet containing 1% desiccated thyroid powder. the purification was accomplished by a six-step procedure. the specific activity of the purified enzyme was increased 181-fold above that of the initial high speed supernatant of liver extracts. slight additional purification of malic enzyme was achieved with preparative disc electrophoresis. the specific activities of the purified rat liver malic en ... | 1975 | 237885 |
| cross-neutralization reactions of escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae enterotoxins as studied by rabbit skin inoculation test. | neutralization of enterotoxins of vibrio cholerae 569 b and escherichia coli 10407 by antitoxins to v. cholerae 569 b, e. coli 334, 408-3 and 10407 was studies by intradermal inoculation test in the rabbit. neutralization of v. cholerae enterotoxin by homologous as well as heterologous antisera of e. coli was observed, except that there was no neutralization of the enterotoxin by antiserum to e. coli 408-3 enterotoxin. neutralization of e. coli enterotoxin to a varied extent by homologous as wel ... | 1977 | 337760 |
| corneal rings with gram-negative bacteria. | corneal rings have been described with corneal ulcerations caused by gram-negative bacteria. corneal rings were produced by intracorneal injections of viable pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as heat-inactivated suspensions of gram-negative bacteria (p aeruginosa and escherichia coli) but not gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus) or freund's adjuvant. it is suggested that endotoxin is the factor responsible for their production since purified endotoxin produced corneal rings after intracor ... | 1977 | 337946 |
| purification and properties of citrate lyase from streptococcus diacetilactis. | citrate lyase from streptococcus diacetilactis has been purified to yield a protein that was homogeneous as judged by sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium experiments. the enzyme's sedimentation coefficient is 16.8 s and its molecular weight is around 585,000. it contains three nonidentical subunits of about 53,000, 34,000, and 10,000 daltons. the enzyme in its active form contains an acetyl group which turns over during the citrate cleavage reaction. removal of the acetyl group ... | 1975 | 238987 |
| characteristics of pyrogen production by isolated rabbit kupffer cells in vitro. | | 1977 | 338897 |
| [highly specific agglutinating o- and ok-immunoglobulins for identification of escherichia in the agglutination test on glass]. | escherichia agglutinating o- and ok-immunoglobulins of class g were obtained by the method of ion exchange chromatography; in studying with live and heated o- and k- cultures of the test strains from the international escherichia collection these immunoglobulins proved to be diagnostically highly specific and useful for the identification of escherichia strains in the express agglutination reaction on glass. | 1977 | 339625 |
| studies on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. i. superoxide anion as substrate. | indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase purified to apparent homogeneity from rabbit intestine was inhibited by scavengers for superoxide anion such as superoxide dismutase and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid (tiron). on the other hand, beta-carotene and 1,4-diazobicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane, scavengers for singlet oxygen, did not affect the enzyme activity significantly. the degree of inhibition of the dioxygenase by superoxide dismutase preparations from bovine erythrocytes, green peas, spinach leaves, ... | 1975 | 238993 |
| [toxin production by enteropathogenic colibacilli in adult persons (author's transl)]. | culture filtrates of enteropathogenic strains of e. coli from adult patients with cholera-like diarrhoea produced a rhythm-disturbing effect when injected into isolated sacklets of rabbit ileum. this action was shown to be medium-dependant. it could not be elicited by cultures grown in synthetic medium. meat extract cultures gave variable results, but the gut movements could be irritated regularly when cultures were grown in a casamino acids - yeast extract medium (table, figure). this activity ... | 1975 | 241179 |
| detection and characterization of colonization factor of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from adults with diarrhea. | the fimbriate colonization factor antigen (cea) of escherichia coli strain h-1047 was isolated and used to prepare anti-cfa antiserum. enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) isolated from 29 adults with diarrhea acquired in mexico were examined for cfa by using this serum. retrospectively, it was found that etec possessing the h-10407-type cfa were isolated from 25 (86%) of these diarrhea cases as compared with 2 of 11 (18%) from asymptomatic controls from whom etec had been isolated. cfa was found one. ... | 1978 | 344221 |
| escherichia coli enterotoxin. purification and partial characterization. | enterotoxin, a diarrheagenic protein elaborated by pathogenic escherichia coli strains has been isolated from the supernatant of fermenter cultures of e. coli strain p263, a porcine enteropathogen. purification steps involving bio-gel agarose a-5m, sephadex g-75 chromatography, and preparative isotachophoresis were used in the isolation. the resulting product appears to be pure according to immunoelectrophoretic, disc electrophoretic, ultracentrifugal, and immunologic criteria. the entertoxin ha ... | 1975 | 241754 |
| killing of escherichia coli by a granulocyte fraction occurs without recognizable ultrastructural alterations in the bacterial envelope, as studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. | concentrations of a highly purified rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte fraction that rapidly caused irreversible loss of viability of escherichia coli (s15) but reversible envelope alterations produced no recognizable morphological changes as studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. these findings support previous evidence that the killing of certain gram-negative microorganisms by granulocyte fractions occurs with minimal structural or functional disorganization of cytoplasmic and outer ... | 1977 | 321355 |
| study of chemical sympathectomy in endotoxin-induced lethality and fibrin depostion. | shock and the generalized shwartzman reaction are well known features of endotoxin which have been shown to involve the sympathetic nervous system. the mechanism of sympathetic nervous system involvement with endotoxin injection was studied in rabbits chemically sympathectomized with 6-hydroxydopamine. endotoxin, in doses producing a spectrum of morbidity and mortality in normal rabbits, was administered i.v. to chemically sympathectomized, normal, and unilateral renal surgically sympathectomize ... | 1978 | 349239 |
| ecophylaxis: preventive treatment with gentamicin of rabbit lincomycin-associated diarrhea. | in rabbits the oral or parenteral administration of lincomycin result in a severe and usually fatal form of diarrhea. the rabbits treated simultaneously with lincomycin and gentamicin do not present any sign of disease and behave exactly, therefore, as the control subjects. the same occurs in subjects treated with gentamicin alone. in all the subjects which died with diarrhea there was a marked alteration of the intestinal bacterial flora. among the aerobic bacteria there was an overgrowth of co ... | 1977 | 350739 |
| cloning and amplification of rabbit alpha- and beta-globin gene sequences into escherichia coli plasmids. | cdna, synthesized from rabbit globin mrna, was used in a self-priming reaction, with avian myeloblastosis virus dna polymerase, for the synthesis of double-stranded dna. globin dna ranging from about 400 to 650 base pairs was elongated with dg tails using deoxypolynucleotide transferase and was annealed to linear escherichia coli plasmic pcr1, elongated with dc tails. preparation of the plasmid dna involved an enzymatic reconstruction of one ecori-specific site on each side of the molecule. afte ... | 1977 | 321453 |
| studies of lymphocyte activating factor from alveolar macrophages. | | 1977 | 321778 |
| eukaryote ribosomes possess a binding site for concanavalin a. | ribosomes prepared from chicken liver or rabbit reticulocytes bound concanavalin a in a molar ratio of approximately 1:1. this binding is to the large subunit of the eukaryote ribosomes with a dissociation constant of 5 x 10(-7) m (0 degrees). the binding of concanavalin a to escherichia coli ribosomes was much less. binding to the rna or to possible membrane contaminants was ruled out in control experiments. chicken liver ribosomes were labeled in vivo with 3h-labeled amino acids, purified, and ... | 1977 | 322153 |
| membrane lipid metabolism of bacillus calmette-guerin-induced rabbit alveolar macrophages. | we examined the uptake of radiolabeled lysophospholipids and oleic acid by bacillus calmette-guerin-induced rabbit alveolar macrophages either in the presence or absence of challenge particles. there was no difference in the uptake and metabolism of lysophospholipids by control or challenged cells for incubation periods up to 5 h. when incubated with [3h]oleic acid, challenged cells consistently exhibited a slightly greater uptake of radioactivity. extraction of the whole cells revealed that the ... | 1977 | 322724 |
| the role of chemotaxis in the ecology of bacterial pathogens of mucosal surfaces. | | 1977 | 323724 |
| [initiation of mrna translation in eukaryotes]. | | 1977 | 323833 |
| washing macrophage suspensions inhibits protein synthesis. | | 1977 | 323870 |
| biological evaluation of a methanol-soluble, heat-stable escherichia coli enterotoxin in infant mice, pigs, rabbits, and calves. | escherichia coli p16 was shown to produce two heat-stable toxins (st) with differing biological activity. the toxins were separated by methanol extraction, and the first, sta, was methanol soluble, partially heat stable, active in neonatal piglets (1 to 3 days old) and infant mice, but inactive in weaned pigs (7 to 9 weeks old); the second, stb, was methanol insoluble, active in weaned pigs and rabbit ligated loops, but inactive in infant mice. it is therefore suggested that use of suckling mice ... | 1978 | 357288 |
| commentary: escherichia coli enterotoxin. | | 1977 | 329844 |
| [natural antibodies (isohemagglutinins, heterophilic, antierythrocytic and antibacterial) in children with congenital immunologic deficiency syndromes]. | examination of 30 patients with immunodeficient diseases showed that the system of natural antibodies was considerably changed depending on the form and the extent of deficiency of the immune system: in agammaglobuinemia the antibodies under study were almost completely absent, and in immunological insufficiency with ataxia-teleangiectasis the production of antibacterial antibodies proved to be sharply decreased. the data obtained can be used both for the diagnosis of immunodeficiencies and for ... | 1978 | 358690 |
| haematologic effect and shwartzman reactivity of radiodetoxified endotoxin. | comparative experiments were made in rabbits with escherichia coli o89 endotoxin and endotoxin detoxified by ionizing radiation (60co-gamma, 5 mrad). radiation significantly weakened the leukopenia and thrombocytopenia provoking effect of endotoxin. radiodetoxified endotoxin decreased the fibrinogen level only slightly and caused insignificant changes in reptilase time. the complement level was decreased less by the detoxified than by the parent endotoxin. even the local shwartzman phenomenon in ... | 1978 | 358768 |
| unique features of heat-stable enterotoxin of shigella flexneri. | sephadex g-100 fractions of ultrasonic lysate of shigella felxneri were compared to the fractions of escherichia coli lysates of ent- , lt+ st+, lt+ and st+ strains. the range of molecular weight of s. flexneri st fractions was the same as that of e. coli lt fractions. rapid pf activity was associated with the st peak in the case of s. flexneri, and followed the lt activity in the e. coli (lt+ st+) fractions, and appeared in the same molecular weight range in the case of ent- e. coli lysate. cro ... | 1978 | 358771 |
| enterotoxigenic escheria coli: detection and importance in diarrheal disease of children. | | 1978 | 359518 |
| endotoxic shock in the rabbit: the effects of prostaglandin and arachidonic acid administration. | a rabbit model was used to determine the effects of prostaglandins and arachidonic acid on cellular integrity and survival during endotoxic shock. prostaglandins a2, e1 and f2alpha were infused intravenously at a rate of 1.0 microgram/kg/min for 105 min beginning 15 min after the administration of an ld60 dose of escherichia coli endotoxin. while each of the prostaglandins tested significantly attenuated the accumulation of lactic acid dehydrogenase in the plasma of shocked animals, none were ab ... | 1978 | 359777 |
| adsorption protein of the bacteriophage fd: isolation, molecular properties, and location in the virus. | the adsorption (minor coat) protein of the bacteriophage fd has been implicated to function in several steps of viral morphogenesis. the protein has been purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel filtration after dissociation of the virus. the adsorption protein preparation was estimated to have less than 5% contamination by analysis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels and by the results of semiquantitative dansyl-edman degradation. the amino-terminal sequence of the adsorption protein is ... | 1977 | 329863 |
| antibody to cell wall glycolipid of gram-negative bacteria: induction of immunity to bacteremia and endotoxemia. | antiserum to the core glycolipid of gram-negative bacteria was prepared by immunization of rabbits with vaccine composed of killed cells of the uridine diphosphate galactose-deficient mutant (j5) of escherichia coli o:111. antiserum to j5 not only prevented death of animals from endotoxin but also prevented the local and generalized shwartzman reactions. antiserum to endotoxin also prevented renal cortical necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation during the evolution of the generalize ... | 1977 | 330776 |
| interaction of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes with bacteriophage f1 mrna and of escherichia coli ribosomes with rabbit globin mrna. | we have compared the behavior of a prokaryotic mrna in a eukaryotic ribosome binding system and of a eukaryotic mrna in a prokaryotic ribosome binding system. using (32)p- and (125)i-labeled bacteriophage f1 mrna, we have shown that rabbit reticulocyte 80s ribosomes can protect specific sequences from pancreatic rnase digestion, including those sequences protected by escherichia coli ribosomes. we have also found that e. coli ribosomes fail to protect any region of (125)i-labeled globin mrna. io ... | 1977 | 331312 |
| the problems of oral immunisation. | | 1977 | 332136 |
| production of colicin v in vitro and in vivo and observations on its effects in experimental animals. | in recent years, a possible relationship between pathogenicity and colicinogeny in some escherichia coli strains responsible for gastrointestinal infection and bacteremia in man and animals has been inferred. using enterotoxigen-negative, colicin v-producing e. coli strains, we have (i) elaborated a simple in vitro method for producing greater yields of colicin v free of bacterial cells and large, non-dialyzable molecules; (ii) detected the presence of the bacteriocin in peritoneal fluids of mor ... | 1977 | 332624 |
| bismuth subsalicylate inhibits activity of crude toxins of escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae. | the inhibition of the activity of enterotoxins by bismuth salts was assessed in laboratory models. in the y-1 adrenal cell tissue culture system, a commercial preparation containing bismuth subsalicylate reduced the activity of crude toxin from vibrio cholerae by 10(4)-fold as compared with the activity of controls. similar results were obtained with use of the adult rabbit ligated intestinal loop model. the preparation failed to affect crude escherichia coli or cholera toxin activity once these ... | 1977 | 335003 |
| [the physical map and biological characteristics of mitochondrial dna (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 337400 |
| demonstration of enterobacterial common antigen by bacterial agglutination. | potent antisera against the enterobacterial common antigen (eca) agglutinate r bacteria of the enterobacteriaceae family that possess unimpaired r-core structures of the escherichia coli r1 or e. coli r4 core type. in these strains, known to be eca immunogenic, eca is most probably linked to the lipopolysaccharide r core. r mutants of other core types (e.g., salmonella ra, e. coli r2 or r3) or r mutants with incomplete core structures of the e. coli r1 type, as well as an rfal mutant deficient i ... | 1977 | 338482 |
| immunserum against enteropathogenic "escherichia coli": protective potency and immunochemical analysis, in comparison. | | 1977 | 341820 |
| the efficiency of methionine incorporation from isoaccepting species of trnamet into rabbit globin in an homologous reticulocyte lysate system. | rabbit globin alpha and beta chains were labeled with [3h]leucine, and with [35s] -methionine from reticulocyte trnamet isoacceptors using a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free synthesis system. [35s]methionine from the three trnamet species isolated by rpc-5 chromatography was incorporated into internal positions of both alpha and beta globin. the initiator trna, trnaimet, exhibited very low efficiency for incorporating methionine internally, while trnaiimet was four times more efficient than trnaiii ... | 1978 | 341980 |
| effect of endotoxemia on contrast media reactions. | since complement activation is sharply temperature-dependent, we have examined the effects of fever produced by a very small dose of endotoxin on contrast media lethality in rabbits. after the injection of 8.2 ml/kg of 52% methylglucamine iodipamide, a group of rabbits exhibiting an average temperature elevation of 1.5 degrees c had a 100% mortality rate. this was contrasted to a 30% mortality in control rabbits receiving contrast alone, and no mortality in rabbits receiving endotoxin alone. the ... | 1978 | 344264 |
| bacterial enterocolitis. | | 1977 | 347258 |
| structure of extracellular polysaccharides of escherichia coli strains 36m, 72m, and 29m isolated from coligranuloma of chick intestine. i. polysaccharide from e. coli 36m. | an extracellular polysaccharide was isolated from culture broth of escherichia coli 36m, and fractionated on a column of sephadex g-150 into two fractions; the high molecular weight portion (85% of the total polysaccharide) contained pyruvic acid, and showed a positive immune reaction with anti-ps-i-serum obtained from a rabbit. the low molecular weight portion (15% of the total polysaccharide) showed a negative immune reaction. the methylation, smith's degradation, partial acid hydrolysis and m ... | 1978 | 350862 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies on cefuroxime in children (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 393846 |
| liver damage in rabbits from administration of a single dose of gram-negative endotoxin. | | 1978 | 351534 |
| escherichia coli and diarrhoea in the rabbit. | an outbreak of severe diarrhoea and death in young rabbits was associated with many nonenterotoxigenic escherichia coli in the caecum. the severe clinical, pathological and bacteriological features of the diesase, acute diarrhoea associated with typhlitis and many e. coli in the caecum, could be reproduced either by the intraintestinal inoculation of many bacteria recovered aerobically or anaerobically from the caecum of these rabbits or by the intestinal inoculation of large numbers of a serogr ... | 1978 | 351924 |
| ideal target organism for quantitative bactericidal assays. | we have developed a target organism which permits quantitative bactericidal assays. the organism is an escherichia coli mutant which cannot grow at the temperature of the assay (37 degrees c), but retains full colony-forming potential for subsequent quantitation at 25 degrees c. we show that quantitative data on the bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages can be obtained when this mutant is used as a target. the procedure used to generate the strain is desc ... | 1978 | 352943 |
| antigenic similarity of morphologic type ciii1 bacteriophages. | | 1979 | 397728 |
| age-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to endotoxin in rabbits. | e. coli endotoxin evokes fever in rabbits immediately after birth. in 0--3 day-old rabbits the fever is monophasic and brown fat thermogenesis is mainly responsible for the reaction. in 6--10 day-old animals the fever is usually biphasic and increased heat conservation also contributes to the response. an inverse relationship exists between the endotoxin dose and the latent period before the onset of fever, while the height of the fever is independent of the endotoxin dose. the response is simil ... | 1979 | 398664 |
| reduction of reactivity of escherichia coli enterotoxins by intestinal mucosal components. | incubation studies involving rabbit and piglet small intestinal mucosal components and escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae enterotoxins were conducted at 37 and 4 degrees c. mucosal homogenate cytosol from rabbits did not significantly alter the reactivities of either cholera enterotoxin (ct) or e. coli labile enterotoxin (lt). however, mucosal homogenate cytosol from piglets was capable of neutralizing lt, though it had no effect on e. coli stable enterotoxin. lt became bound to piglet and rab ... | 1977 | 326677 |
| pyrogenic specificity of endotoxin and exotoxin a. | | 1977 | 327119 |
| biological activities of shwartzman-active substance from yoshida sarcoma cells. | | 1977 | 327121 |
| immunogenic cross-reactivity between human tissues and the enterobacterial common antigen. | sterile tissues of human subjects free from infection and malignancy were assessed for an antigen that cross-reacts with the enterobacterial common antigen (eca). extracts of heated homogenates (he) and ethanol-soluble (es) fractions of liver, kidney, muscle, and heart tissues were examined for their capacities to react with eca antibodies, as measured by hemagglutination procedures, and to elicit eca humoral antibodies in rabbits. both he and es extracts of human liver and kidney tissues specif ... | 1977 | 328395 |
| septic shock in obstetrics and gynecology. pathophysiology. | | 1977 | 407404 |
| vesical defense: assessment of adsorption potential with live, dead, and metabolically inhibited escherichia coli and 99mtc-labeled sulfur colloid particles. | | 1977 | 364743 |
| difference in rna-binding ability between eukaryotic and prokaryotic elongation factors of translation. | | 1978 | 365573 |
| antigenic cross-reactivity of major outer membrane proteins in enterobacteriaceae species. | the protein constituents in the outer membrane (om) of several serotypes of escherichia coli and some other enterobacteriaceae cross-reacted antigenically. solubilized om preparations of these bacteria were applied in interfacial precipitin tests to antisera elicited in rabbits against whole bacterial cells, absorbed with their appropriate lipopolysaccharide before testing. the resulting immunecomplexes were analysed on polyacrylamide gels. protein profiles of the immunoprecipitates showed a con ... | 1979 | 479830 |
| the pyrogenicity of the synthetic adjuvant muramyl dipeptide and two structural analogues. | the pyrogenic efect of the synthetic adjuvant n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine-d-isoglutamine, also known as muramyl dipeptide (mdp), was studied in rabbits. mdp induced biphasic fevers in rabbits, but two structural analogues, n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine-d-glutamic acid (mdpa) and the dimethylester of mdpa, were 10 times less pyrogenic. this finding was supported by studies in which mdp and its analogues released leukocytic pyrogen (lp) from rabbit phagocytic cells in vitro. in addition, mdp released lp ... | 1978 | 368262 |
| production of enterotoxin by yersinia enterocolitica. | forty-three strains of yersinia enterocolitica isolated from children with gastroenteritis and 18 laboratory strains were examined for enterotoxin production by using the infant mouse, y1 adrenal cell, and rabbit ileal loop assay systems. all clinical isolates and seven laboratory strains were found enterotoxigenic in the infant mouse model, but none of the strains produced toxin in the y1 adrenal cell system. one enterotoxin-producing strain was also tested by the rabbit ileal loop assay, confi ... | 1978 | 640737 |