| attachment of bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus to oral surfaces and its possible role in colonization of the mouth and of periodontal pockets. | this investigation examined the ability of cells of bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus 381 to adhere to surfaces that might be important for its initial colonization of the mouth and its subsequent colonization in periodontal pockets. of 48 asaccharolytic strains of b. melaninogenicus, 47 agglutinated human erythrocytes, whereas none of 20 fermentative strains, which included reference cultures of the subspecies intermedius and melaninogenicus, were active. electron microscopy i ... | 1978 | 24002 |
| immune labeling of certain strains of actinomyces naeslundii and actinomyces viscosus by fluorescence and electron microscopy. | a total of 12 well-characterized strains of actinomyces viscosus and a. naeslundii grown on trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with sheep erythrocytes were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy after treatment with appropriately labeled antisera to homologous and heterologous strains. cells incubated with homologous rabbit antisera followed by fluorescein-isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g (igg) exhibited a completely smooth fluore ... | 1979 | 387589 |
| conservation of an actinomyces viscosus t14v type 1 fimbrial subunit homolog among divergent groups of actinomyces spp. | the type 1 fimbrial subunit gene of the human actinomyces viscosus t14v was used as a dna probe in southern analyses to detect related dna sequences in 16 of 30 strains of actinomyces spp. under conditions of high stringency. the organisms with homology to the dna probe included two human and six nonhuman a. viscosus, three human and three nonhuman a. naeslundii, and two a. bovis isolates. homologous dna sequences were not detected in strains of a. odontolyticus and a. israelii examined in this ... | 1992 | 1347285 |
| antimicrobial activities of thiolactomycin against gram-negative anaerobes associated with periodontal disease. f1. | thiolactomycin (tlm), (4r)-(2e,5e)-2,4,6-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5, 7-octatriene-4-thiolide, purified from a culture filtrate of a strain of the nocardia species, was examined for antimicrobial activities against more than 100 strains of oral and periodontally associated bacteria. nine other commonly used antibiotics were also included for the test. we found that tlm exhibited strong and selective antimicrobial activities against bacteroides gingivalis and other oral black-pigmented bacteroides sp ... | 1990 | 2098714 |
| selective modulation of bacterial attachment to oral epithelial cells by enzyme activities associated with poor oral hygiene. | the present investigation explored the hypothesis that elevated levels of certain enzymes in the gingival crevicular environment of individuals with poor oral hygiene and/or gingival inflammation may modify the surfaces of epithelial cells and thereby modulate the types of bacteria which attach and colonize. buccal epithelial cells treated with neuraminidase and certain proteases were used as a model for study. bacteria studied included streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus mitis which have be ... | 1990 | 2141877 |
| microflora associated with experimental root surface caries in humans. | this study describes the microflora from actively progressing root surface caries lesions, in which mineral loss had been determined by quantitative microradiography. the caries lesions were produced experimentally in root surface specimens from human molars inserted in lower partial dentures carried for 3 months by six elderly individuals. a total of 780 bacterial isolates were identified from 13 plaque samples, collected with a punch technique, and six dentin samples. the composition of the mi ... | 1990 | 2341169 |
| [polyclonal b cell activation induced by actinomyces viscosus t14v. responsiveness of human peripheral blood b cells]. | we have previously reported that the sonicate extrast from actinomyces viscosus t 14 v (av. sup) causes polyclonal b cell activation (pba) in murine splenic b cells without any t cell assistance. however, there are some reports describing t cell dependency of pba induced by a. viscosus in human peripheral blood b cells, and it is still controversial whether or not a. viscosus has the capability of exhibiting pba without the help of t cells. in this report, we examined pba in human peripheral blo ... | 1989 | 2535156 |
| mutants of actinomyces viscosus t14v lacking type 1, type 2, or both types of fimbriae. | mutants of actinomyces viscosus t14v lacking type 1 or type 2 fimbriae or both were selected by their failure to react with rabbit antibodies against either or both fimbrial antigens. immunospecific double labeling with iron dextran and ferritin-conjugated antibodies showed two types of fimbriae on individual cells of the parent organism, a single type on mutant strains with type 1+2- and type 1-2+ fimbriae and no labeled or unlabeled fimbriae on a type 1-2- fimbria-deficient strain. the mutatio ... | 1988 | 2902012 |
| effects of highly concentrated stannous fluoride and chlorhexidine regimes on human dental plaque flora. | the aim of this study was to determine the effect of an intensive antimicrobial treatment on the number of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus/actinomyces naeslundii, and the total colony-forming units (cfu) in plaque. the dentition of human volunteers was treated in a dental office with either chlorhexidine (5%) or stannous fluoride (8%). following the office treatment with chlorhexidine, selected volunteers rinsed daily at home for seven or 49 days with chlorhexid ... | 1986 | 3455699 |
| lectin-dependent attachment of actinomyces naeslundii to receptors on epithelial cells. | the adherence of actinomyces naeslundii wvu45 to monolayer cultures of human epithelial cell lines was mediated by the lactose-sensitive fimbriae (type 2) of strain wvu45. the attachment of actinomyces viscosus t14v, which has both types 1 and 2 fimbriae, was approximately half that of a. naeslundii, and only minimal attachment of a. naeslundii and a. viscosus mutants lacking type 2 fimbriae was detected. the adherence of strain wvu45 was enhanced two- to threefold by neuraminidase treatment of ... | 1984 | 6150008 |
| of human dental plaque bacteria, actinomyces viscosus accelerates immunoglobulin a protease secretion in streptococcus sanguis. | | 1983 | 6347146 |
| interbacterial adherence between actinomyces viscosus and strains of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | interbacterial adherence was sought between strains of actinomyces viscosus indigenous to the human mouth and strains of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. six of nine strains of s. pyogenes, three of five strains of s. agalactiae, and two of four strains of p. aeruginosa were found to coaggregate with each of five strains of a. viscosus tested. some coaggregation reactions were inhibited by 0.05 m lactose and were dependent upon heat- and protease-sens ... | 1984 | 6423545 |
| colonization of the teeth of rats by human and rodent oral strains of the bacterium actinomyces viscosus. | the mouths of rats were infected with human and rodent strains of a. viscosus and streptomycin-rifamycin-resistant (sr) mutants of these strains. the establishment, adherence to the teeth and cell dose required for infection were determined. human and rodent strains established equally well on the teeth and did not differ in their initial adherence to teeth. the cell dose required for infection was much lower for rodent than for human strains (less than 10(5) compared to 10(7) - 10(8) c.f.u.). t ... | 1983 | 6574735 |
| chemical characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by actinomyces viscosus t14v and t14av. | the human isolates actinomyces viscosus t14v and t14av produced extracellular polysaccharides in the absence of sucrose. in contrast to strain t14v, strain t14av produced abundant viscous slime polysaccharide in the culture supernatant fluids when grown in a chemically defined medium containing glucose. after resolution of the t14av polysaccharides into seven fractions, it was demonstrated that two of these exhibited viscous properties and lacked methylpentose and muramic acid. the major slime p ... | 1983 | 6840834 |
| in-vitro evaluation in man of immuno-stimulation by subfractions of actinomyces viscosus. | | 1980 | 6931554 |
| minimum nutritional requirements for cellular growth and extracellular slime polysaccharide production by the human dental plaque bacterial mutant actinomyces viscosus t14av. | the requirements were examined in chemically-defined media. magnesium sulphate, potassium phosphate and adenine were essential for cellular growth and sodium bicarbonate and inositol further stimulated growth. the addition of sodium phosphate to this medium stimulated both cellular growth and slime production. in contrast, ammonium sulphate inhibited slime production. biotin and thiamine stimulated cellular growth and nicotinic acid was essential for slime production. glutamine, alanine and cyst ... | 1982 | 6961899 |
| effect of human saliva on glucose uptake by streptococcus mutans and other oral microorganisms. | we examined the effects of human whole salivary supernatant and parotid fluid on glucose uptake by streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mitis, actinomyces viscosus, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. the following three effects of saliva were observed: (i) inhibition of glucose uptake (s. mutans, s. sanguis), (ii) promotion of a transient, rapid (0 to 30 s) burst of glucose uptake (s. mutans, s. sanguis), and (iii) enhancement of glucose uptake (s. mitis, a. visco ... | 1981 | 7012014 |
| in vitro modulation of oral bacterial adhesion to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads by milk casein derivatives. | bovine caseinate, derivatives of its glycosylated moiety [caseinoglycomacropeptide (cgp)], and caseinophosphopeptides were evaluated as inhibitors of adhesion of oral bacteria to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads (s-ha). all milk casein-derived components behaved as potent inhibitors of streptococcus sanguis omz 9 and streptococcus sobrinus omz 176 adhesion to s-ha, whereas neither bovine serum albumin nor polyethyleneglycol were able to interfere with the adhesion of these strains. by contrast ... | 1994 | 7478758 |
| effects of actinomyces amphiphile on the fluidity of endothelial cells: a spin label study. | actinomyces amphiphile (aca) is an amphipathic molecule produced by actinomyces viscosus that exhibits several biological activities. the effect of aca on the fluidity and permeability of the plasma membrane in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was analyzed by a spin label method with 5- and 16-stearic acid nitroxide labels (sal). these labels help to visualize the fluidity at the shallow (5-sal) and deep (16-sal) portions of the lipid bilayer. cells were incubated with and without aca (con ... | 1996 | 8708128 |
| expression of mhc class ii, cd70, cd80, cd86 and pro-inflammatory cytokines is differentially regulated in oral epithelial cells following bacterial challenge. | oral epithelium may play a regulatory role in local immune responses when interacting with bacteria. the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of selected bacterial pathogens found in periodontal and endodontic infections on oral epithelial cells. expression of cell surface molecules (major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii, cd54, cd70, cd80 and cd86) and secretion of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (il)-1beta, il-6, and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha) in respons ... | 2003 | 14622340 |
| mutanolysin, bacteriolytic agent for cariogenic streptococci: partial purification and properties. | mutanolysin partially purified from the culture filtrate of streptomyces globisporus 1829 consists of two main lytic enzymes with an isoelectric point near ph 8.5 and 10, respectively, and proteolytic enzyme is associated with the latter lytic enzyme. mutanolysin exhibited maximal lytic activity at 60 c in the ph range 6.5 to 7.0 and was stable at 50 c in the acid range. n-bromosuccinimide caused complete inhibition of lytic activity at 1 mm, whereas calcium and magnesium ions at the same concen ... | 1974 | 15828186 |
| different type 1 fimbrial genes and tropisms of commensal and potentially pathogenic actinomyces spp. with different salivary acidic proline-rich protein and statherin ligand specificities. | actinomyces spp. exhibit type 1 fimbria-mediated adhesion to salivary acidic proline-rich proteins (prps) and statherin ligands. actinomyces spp. with different animal and tissue origins belong to three major adhesion types as relates to ligand specificity and type 1 fimbria genes. (i) in preferential acidic-prp binding, strains of actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 from human and monkey mouths displayed at least three ligand specificities characterized by preferential acidic-prp binding ... | 2001 | 11705891 |
| cariogenic actinomyces identified with a beta-glucosidase-dependent green color reaction to gardenia jasminoides extract. | the oral bacteria actinomyces naeslundii and actinomyces viscosus are known to contribute to the initiation and progression of human dental caries, especially root caries. we report that both a. naeslundii and a. viscosus react with a component in the gardenia jasminoides extract to produce a distinct green product. this green color reaction was found to be dependent on the bacterial beta-glucosidase. the reaction is specific for cariogenic actinomyces, and it can detect as few as 10(4) cells of ... | 2001 | 11474036 |
| differences in lymphoproliferative responses to the bacterium actinomyces viscosus in various mammalian species. | a water-soluble extract of actinomyces viscosus (avs) was tested for its capacity to induce dna synthesis in lymphocytes from man, monkeys, mice and guinea pigs. the results indicated that the avs induced an in-vitro lymphoproliferative response, as assessed by tritiated thymidine incorporation, in mouse-spleen cells, in the majority of human peripheral blood samples tested and in macaque monkey spleen cells. the avs also elicited a blastogenic response from spleen, lymph node and peripheral blo ... | 1982 | 6953950 |