| cutaneous leishmaniasis in kabul: observations on a 'prolonged epidemic'. | cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in kabul have increased steadily in number since the first report, in 1964. this increase is despite insecticide application in houses and intensive detection and treatment of cases. the age distribution of infection remains as it was in 1972, and approximates that of the afghan population. there is no evidence of accumulating immunity in the population. multiple lesions are infrequent, but commoner on older people, and tend to be located on the arms and legs rather ... | 1992 | 1463356 |
| [leishmania tropica in morocco. iv--intrafocal enzyme diversity]. | ecoepidemiological analysis of a moroccan focus of leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica revealed considerable enzymatic diversity. seven zymodemes belonging to the complex were identified in 149 strains isolated from humans, dogs, and the vector phlebotomus sergenti. three distinct subgroups were identifiable, two of which were in turn, composed of three "small variant" zymodemes. the diversity appears to be related to the age of the focus, which may have allowed colonization by zymodemes ... | 1991 | 1776781 |
| [leishmania tropica in morocco. iii--the vector of phlebotomus sergenti. apropos of 89 isolates]. | in a moroccan focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica, 7,907 female sandflies captured with cdc traps were dissected from summer to autumn 1989. among species of the genus phlebotomus, only p. sergenti harbored promastigotes. eighty-nine strains belonging to the complex l. tropica were isolated. the frequency of vector infection was zero in june, rose to 1.3% in august, and reached 9.9% in october, which indicates that the period of high risk is at the end of the hot season ... | 1991 | 1776784 |
| [the activization of an ashkhabad focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis]. | 6 patients with characteristic clinical symptoms of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) have been revealed in 1987-1988 in the city of ashkhabad (the turkmen ssr). 3 leishmania strains isolated from these patients (mhom/su/87/392, mhom/su/87/393, mhom/su/87/410) were identified as acl causative agents--leishmania tropica--by means of isoenzymatic analysis. the analysis for 12 enzymes (g-6-pdh, pgm, 6-pgdh, acp, alp, pgi, got, me, ldh, ald, hk, fk) was performed by electrophoresis on acet ... | 1989 | 2533319 |
| leishmania infecting man and wild animals in saudi arabia. 6. cutaneous leishmaniasis of man in the south-west. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is common on the high plateaux and foothills of the asir range in the south-west of saudi arabia and yemen. in 1987 1198 and 1104 cases were reported among the saudi populations of asir and al-baha provinces, representing an estimated annual incidence of 12 and 38 per 10,000 respectively. the incidence rises from october to december, then declines to a minimum between may and august. the prevalence of phlebotomus sergenti, a proven local vector in the highlands, is r ... | 1989 | 2617623 |
| phlebotomus sergenti, a vector of leishmania tropica in saudi arabia. | | 1988 | 3232175 |
| anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in kabul, afghanistan: the high susceptibility of phlebotomus sergenti to leishmania tropica. | | 1995 | 8560513 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis in the urban area of sanliurfa (turkey)]. | in the leishmaniasis focus of sanliurfa, south-east turquey, phlebotomine sandflies catches in houses and stables seem to confirm the parasitological data with an urban cycle due to leishmania tropica transmitted by phlebotomus sergenti. the incidence could be reduce drastically by intradomiciliar and stables insecticide pulverisations. | 1996 | 9053048 |
| [the taxonomic status of phlebotomus sergenti parrot, 1917, vector of leishmania tropica (wright, 1903) and phlebotomus similis perfiliev, 1963 (diptera - psychodidae). morphologic and morphometric approaches. biogeographical and epidemiological corollaries]. | a morphological and morphometrical study of the closely related taxa phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) sergenti et p. (paraphlebotomus) similis confirms their specific taxonomic status. differential characters between these two species are discussed. males differ by the aspect of the basal process of the coxite which is curved and narrow in the first species whereas straight and thick for the latter. the p. similis process is bigger and tuffer and its style is longer than those of p. sergenti. femal ... | 1998 | 9846232 |
| an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an afghan refugee settlement in north-west pakistan. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) due to leishmania tropica appears to be an emerging disease in parts of north-east afghanistan and north-west pakistan. timargara, an afghan refugee camp of 17 years' standing, in the district of dir, north west frontier province of pakistan, experienced a major outbreak of cl in 1997 for the first time. as part of the investigation, each section of the camp was surveyed for cl. around 38% of the 9200 inhabitants bore active lesions and a further 13% had scars from e ... | 1999 | 10450434 |
| the vectorial competence of phlebotomus sergenti is specific for leishmania tropica and is controlled by species-specific, lipophosphoglycan-mediated midgut attachment. | the vectorial competence of phlebotomus sergenti for 3 old world species of leishmania, l. tropica, l. major and l. donovani, was investigated in vivo and by in vitro midgut binding assays using living promastigotes and purified lipophosphoglycan (lpg). p. sergenti consistently showed a high specificity for l. tropica strains, which were able to develop mature, potentially transmissible infections. the loss of infection with l. major and l. donovani correlated with the excretion of the digested ... | 2000 | 11085222 |
| new record of phlebotomus sergenti, the vector of leishmania tropica, in the southern nile valley of egypt. | we report the 1st collection of phlebotomus sergenti, a vector of the cutaneous and visceralizing forms of leishmania tropica, from southern egypt. four female and 1 male p. sergenti were collected from unlit centers for disease control light traps placed in a village on the nile river, 6 km north of aswan, egypt, during studies conducted from 1998 to 1999. this extends the known distribution of this species farther south in egypt than previously recorded. | 2001 | 11804468 |
| sand flies (diptera: phlebotominae) in sanliurfa, turkey: relationship of phlebotomus sergenti with the epidemic of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. | sand fly (diptera: phlebotominae) fauna were surveyed in various districts of sanliurfa in southeast turkey for 3 yr immediately after an epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania tropica). sticky papers and cdc light traps collected a total of 10,937 sand flies, of which 10,919 (4,158 females and 6,761 males) were identified as phlebotomus and 18 (11 females and seven males) as sergentomyia (s. theodori parrot; s. adleri theodor). eight phlebotomus spp. were identified: p. sergenti parrot ... | 2002 | 11931243 |
| a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica. | to determine the epidemiological status of the cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the parasite and preparation of a control program in a recently identified focus located in the province of yazd, central iran. | 2002 | 11938418 |
| its 2 sequences heterogeneity in phlebotomus sergenti and phlebotomus similis (diptera, psychodidae): possible consequences in their ability to transmit leishmania tropica. | an intraspecific study on phlebotomus sergenti, the main and only proven vector of leishmania tropica among the members of the subgenus paraphlebotomus was performed. the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequences of 12 populations from 10 countries (cyprus, egypt, italy, lebanon, morocco, pakistan, portugal, spain, syria, and turkey) were compared. samples also included three species closely related to p. sergenti: phlebotomus similis (three populations from greece and malta), phlebotomus j ... | 2002 | 12117495 |
| leishmaniasis in turkey. | leishmaniases are widespread in most countries in the mediterranean basin, including turkey. two forms are observed in turkey; leishmania infantum is responsible from visceral leishmaniasis (vl), and l. tropica causes cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). phlebotomus sergenti, p. papatasi, p. major and p. syriacus are considered to be the probable vectors, and dogs are the main reservoir of l. infantum, while p. sergenti is the main suspected vector of l. tropica.vl is sporadically seen mainly in the ae ... | 2002 | 12387909 |
| leishmania tropica in the black rat (rattus rattus): persistence and transmission from asymptomatic host to sand fly vector phlebotomus sergenti. | black rats (rattus rattus) receiving leishmania tropica injected intradermally into the ear were studied for the persistence of parasites and infectivity to natural sand fly vector. the mammalian host, the parasite, and the vector all originated from the endemic focus of urfa, turkey. rats did not develop lesions or any apparent signs of disease, although at the site of inoculation they harboured live parasites capable of infecting sand flies. the number of l. tropica amastigotes detected in the ... | 2003 | 12737990 |
| experimental transmission of leishmania tropica to hamsters and mice by the bite of phlebotomus sergenti. | phlebotomus sergenti is a natural vector of leishmania tropica. however, the ability of p. sergenti to transmit l. tropica by bite has not been proven experimentally yet. we have transmitted l. tropica to golden hamsters and balb/c mice by the bite of p. sergenti. sand flies and leishmania both originated from an anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in urfa, turkey. p. sergenti females from a laboratory colony were infected by feeding on lesions of needle-inoculated hamsters or mice. grav ... | 2003 | 12758274 |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel. | this study describes a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) due to leishmania tropica, in the galilee region of northern israel. thirty-three cases from 4 villages (northern part) and from the city of tiberias (southern part) have been clinically diagnosed since 1996. parasites from 13 patients and from 6 sand flies were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis, 2 immunological methods, and 3 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods. isolates from the northern part were antigenically ... | 2003 | 14513429 |
| leishmania tropica (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae)--a perplexing parasite. | leishmania tropica is one of the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), a disfiguring parasitic disease that recently was found to be viscerotropic. in urban areas it is transmitted from infected individuals by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies to naïve persons (anthroponotic cl). in rural areas animals are thought to be the reservoir, but the full life cycle is still under investigation (zoonotic cl). for many years l. tropica was either confused or merely grouped with l. major whi ... | 2003 | 14971592 |
| multifarious characterization of leishmania tropica from a judean desert focus, exposing intraspecific diversity and incriminating phlebotomus sergenti as its vector. | the predominant sand fly species collected inside houses in kfar adumim, an israeli village in the judean desert that is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, was phlebotomus papatasi, which was also caught attempting to bite humans. phlebotomus sergenti, which is rarely seen inside houses, constituted the predominant sand fly species in caves near the village. leishmania isolates from ph. sergenti and humans typed as leishmania tropica. sand fly and human isolates produced similar small nodular c ... | 2004 | 15100448 |
| leishmania tropica: intraspecific polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan correlate with transmission by different phlebotomus species. | lipophosphoglycan (lpg) is a dominant surface molecule of leishmania promastigotes which has been shown to be critical for parasite-sand fly vector interactions. to provide additional evidence for its importance in transmission, the lpgs from three leishmania tropica strains that differ in their capability to infect sand flies, were biochemically characterized. one of these strains, iser/il/98/lrc-l747, was isolated from a phlebotomus sergenti female collected in the judean desert close to jerus ... | 2004 | 15208044 |
| regional genetic differentiation of phlebotomus sergenti in three moroccan foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica. | phlebotomus sergenti was identified morphologically in samples from three moroccan foci of leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica in the provinces of azilal, essaouira and taza. three primary mitochondrial dna lineages were identified, and they could be markers for regionally distributed cryptic species. greater mitochondrial diversity in azilal indicated that this central province could have been the origin of dispersal of p. sergenti or the zone of secondary contact. all except one of the ... | 2004 | 15224581 |
| bionomics of phlebotomine sandflies in the galilee focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel. | the bionomics of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) were studied for three years (2001-2003) in the galilee focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern israel, where the causative leishmania tropica (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) is transmitted by phlebotomus (adlerius) arabicus theodor and phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) sergenti parrot, comprising 22% and 8%, respectively, of the local sandfly fauna sampled by light traps. the predominant species overall was phlebotomus (larrouss ... | 2004 | 15642009 |
| detection of species-specific antibody response of humans and mice bitten by sand flies. | sand fly saliva plays an important role in leishmania transmission. we characterized the host antibody response to saliva from 3 sand fly species. specific igg was observed in sera from experimentally bitten mice as well as in sera from individuals living in the endemic area of leishmania tropica in sanliurfa, turkey. sera of sanliurfa inhabitants showed high igg levels against saliva of phlebotomus sergenti and p. papatasi, the 2 most abundant sand fly species in this area, but did not react wi ... | 2005 | 15991492 |
| entomological investigations in chichaoua: an emerging epidemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica wright seems to be an emerging disease in chichaoua, a province located in southwestern morocco. in this study, sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) were collected from 12 stations. sticky traps were placed in domestic, peridomestic, and sylvatic sites. in total, 3,787 specimens consisting of 10 species (seven phlebotomus and three sergentomiya) were identified. phlebotomus perniciosus newstead, the predominant species, was abundant, especially in m ... | 2005 | 16119562 |
| isolation of leishmania tropica from an ethiopian cutaneous leishmaniasis patient. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in the old world is caused mainly by three species of leishmania: l. major, l. tropica and l. aethiopica, and sporadically by l. infantum and l. donovani. in ethiopia, zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by l. aethiopica, is a major public health problem affecting thousands of people in the highlands. by contrast, little is known about the existence and epidemiology of cl due to l. tropica. in this report, we provide the first well-documented case of cl in ethio ... | 2006 | 16154167 |
| nocturnal activity of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in chichaoua, morocco. | the nocturnal activity of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) was studied "at an epidemic focus" on human cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica wright in chichaoua province, in morocco. sandflies were collected using light and sticky-paper traps changed at 2-h intervals, inside and around houses, in august and october 2004. overall, 633 sandflies, belonging to six species of phlebotomus and three of sergentomyia, were collected. sandfly activity was nocturnal and higher at ... | 2006 | 16323026 |
| use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of natural leishmania infections in phlebotomine sand flies from southeastern turkey. | in total, 320 phelebotomine sand flies from alibozlu (osmaniye), kizyusuflu (osmaniye), and sanliurfa in southeastern turkey were tested for the detection and identification of leishmania in vector sand flies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with species-specific monoclonal antibodies. we used monoclonal antibodies that recognize both leishmania tropica and leishmania major, and a monoclonal antibody specific only to l. tropica. phosphate-buffered saline and monoclonal antibody m2 recognizin ... | 2006 | 16619606 |
| distinct transmission cycles of leishmania tropica in 2 adjacent foci, northern israel. | transmission of leishmania tropica was studied in 2 adjacent foci in israel where vector populations differ. only phlebotomus sergenti was found infected with l. tropica in the southern focus; p. arabicus was the main vector in the northern focus. rock hyraxes (procavia capensis) were incriminated as reservoir hosts in both foci. l. tropica strains from the northern focus isolated from sand flies, cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, and rock hyraxes were antigenically similar to l. major, and strains ... | 2006 | 17326936 |
| intraspecific variation within phlebotomus sergenti parrot (1917) (diptera: psychodidae) based on mtdna sequences in islamic republic of iran. | an intraspecific study on the morphological and molecular characteristics of phlebotomus sergenti s.l., the main vector of leishmania tropica, was performed on 28 iranian populations from 11 provinces and a few samples from greece, morocco, lebanon, turkey, pakistan, and syria. three morphotypes were identified as a, b and c, with some intermediate forms in the samples under investigation. based on the number of setae and the width of basal lobe of coxite, differences between a and b morphotypes ... | 2007 | 17451632 |
| il-10 and tgf-beta control the establishment of persistent and transmissible infections produced by leishmania tropica in c57bl/6 mice. | leishmania tropica is the causative agent of old world anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is characterized by lesions that take an extended period of time to heal, often resulting in disfiguring scars, and are more refractory to treatment than leishmaniasis caused by leishmania major. immunologic studies involving experimental animal models of l. tropica infection are virtually nonexistent. in the current study, infectious-stage l. tropica were used to establish dermal infections in c5 ... | 2008 | 18322219 |
| entomological and epidemiological study of a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) due to leishmania tropica wright has become an increasingly important problem in al-haouz province, morocco. the objective of this paper was to undertake a retrospective analysis of cl between 2000 and 2006 and to study the sandfly fauna for the first time in this focus. the consultation of bulletins, registers and monthly and annual reports published by local and national medical services permitted a global synthesis of cl in al-haouz between 2000 and 2006. sandflie ... | 2008 | 18592272 |
| intraspecific variability (rdna its and mtdna cyt b) of phlebotomus sergenti in spain and morocco. | phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica, is widely represented in spain, whilst l. tropica is not an endemic species in this country. nevertheless, the important human migrant flow from regions where l. tropica is endemic, the existence of its vector and the anthroponotic cycle of the parasite could lead to its establishment in our country. the vectorial capacity of p. sergenti could depend on the existence of cryptic species or races, which can only be identified by molecula ... | 2008 | 18703008 |
| faunistic study of the sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in an emerging focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in al haouz province, morocco. | the moroccan province of al haouz is an emerging focus of human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica. in an entomological investigation of three communes in the province (ourika, stti fatma and rhmate), 3440 sandflies were collected on sticky traps in 2005-2007. of the six phlebotomus species caught, phlebotomus papatasi (13.3% of the total collection), p. sergenti (12.8%) and p. perniciosus (12.8%) were predominant, followed by p. longicuspis (7.9%), p. ariasi (2.6%) and p. alex ... | 2009 | 19173778 |
| aspects of the bionomics of phlebotomus sergenti sandflies from an endemic area of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in aleppo governorate, syria. | aspects of the bionomics of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) were studied from june to november 2005 in three foci of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in aleppo governorate, syria, where the agent leishmania tropica (wright) (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) is transmitted by phlebotomus sergenti parrot. syria has been designated by the world health organization as one of four countries in the old world where cutaneous leishmaniasis is hyperendemic, but little is known a ... | 2009 | 19493194 |
| first report of leishmania tropica from a classical focus of l. major in north-sinai, egypt. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is prevalent in the egyptian sinai peninsula and previous research has consistently documented the etiologic agent to be leishmania major. we report the first isolation of leishmania tropica from human cases of cl in a northern sinai community bordering palestine. parasite culturing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), gene sequencing, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses indicate cl cases in this community were caused by either l. majo ... | 2009 | 19635872 |
| [human leishmaniases in morocco: a nosogeographical diversity.] | leishmaniases in morocco are endemic diseases. three forms of leishmaniasis are reported, visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica and cutaneous lesions due to leishmania major. leishmania infantum, a common parasite inducing visceral leishmaniasis, was observed thereafter in cutaneous lesions. the first case of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to l. tropica was isolated since 1987. but, this parasite was shown to be more polymorphic with almost 8 zymodemes. howeve ... | 2009 | 19942371 |
| distribution and seasonality of phlebotomus sand flies in cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, judean desert, israel. | the ecology of phlebotomus sand flies in cutaneous leishmaniasis foci as a result of leishmania tropica in the judean desert was studied. between 2005 and 2007, >265,000 specimens were trapped outdoors and 1,233 specimens were collected indoors. the catches included phlebotomus sergenti parrot, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli), phlebotomus syriacus adler & theodor, and phlebotomus tobbi adler & theodor. p. sergenti, the local vector of leishmania tropica, comprised 90% of outdoor catches, and rela ... | 2010 | 20496578 |
| first report on isolation of leishmania tropica from sandflies of a classical urban cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in southern iran. | shiraz district in south of iran is a classical focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) and previous research has consistently documented the etiologic agent to be leishmania tropica and leishmania major in urban and rural areas, respectively. however, none of the phlebotomus sergenti, a known vector for l. tropica, of the region has been found infected. we report the first isolation of l. tropica from sandflies in urban community of southern part of shiraz city. parasite polymerase chain reaction ... | 2010 | 20570590 |
| intraspecific variability of natural populations of phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica. | an intraspecific study of phlebotomus sergenti was performed on populations from turkey, syria, israel, and uzbekistan by four different approaches: geometric morphometrics, rapd analysis, internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequencing (nuclear marker), and cytochrome b sequencing (mitochondrial marker). in rapd analysis, distinct clades were formed in accordance with the geographical origin of the specimens. there was no distinct grouping according to place of origin within the turkish samples ... | 2011 | 21366780 |
| habitats of the sandfly vectors of leishmania tropica and l. major in a mixed focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeast tunisia. | from 2009 to 2010, 3129 sandflies were caught in cdc light traps placed in various habitats in ghomrassen, tataouine governorate, southeast tunisia, a mixed focus of human cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica and leishmania major. species diversity was quantified in anthropogenic, semi-anthropogenic and semi-natural locations. sandflies were identified according to morphological characters and also by the comparative sequence analysis of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome ... | 2011 | 21605538 |
| an increase of larval rearing temperature does not affect the susceptibility of phlebotomus sergenti to leishmania tropica but effectively eliminates the gregarine psychodiella sergenti. | in mosquitoes, it has previously been shown that rearing conditions of immature stages have an effect on the vector competence of adults. here, we studied the impact of different larval rearing temperatures (27 °c versus 32 °c) on the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti parrot, 1917 and its susceptibility to two parasites: leishmania tropica wright, 1903, a dixenous trypanosomatid transmissible from sand flies to humans, and psychodiella sergenti lantova, volf & votypka, 2010, a monoxenous sand fly gr ... | 2016 | 27756429 |
| salivary gland transcriptomes and proteomes of phlebotomus tobbi and phlebotomus sergenti, vectors of leishmaniasis. | phlebotomus tobbi is a vector of leishmania infantum, and p. sergenti is a vector of leishmania tropica. le. infantum and le. tropica typically cause visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis, respectively, but le. infantum strains transmitted by p. tobbi can cause cutaneous disease. to better understand the components and possible implications of sand fly saliva in leishmaniasis, the transcriptomes of the salivary glands (sgs) of these two sand fly species were sequenced, characterized and compared. | 2012 | 22629480 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in the central provinces of hama and edlib in syria: vector identification and parasite typing. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease transmitted by sand fly bites. this disease is highly prevalent in syria where leishmania major and leishmania tropica are the known aetiological agents. in 2011, more than 58,000 cases were reported in the country by the ministry of health. the central region of the country harbors 20 % of the reported cases. however, the epidemiology of the disease in this area is not well understood. an epidemiological survey was conducted in 2010 to identity the circulati ... | 2015 | 26459055 |
| insecticide susceptibility status of phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) sergenti and phlebotomus (phlebotomus) papatasi in endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in morocco. | in morocco, cutaneous leishmaniasis is transmitted by phlebotomus sergenti and ph. papatasi. vector control is mainly based on environmental management but indoor residual spraying with synthetic pyrethroids is applied in many foci of leishmania tropica. however, the levels and distribution of sandfly susceptibility to insecticides currently used has not been studied yet. hence, this study was undertaken to establish the susceptibility status of ph. sergenti and ph. papatasi to lambdacyhalothrin ... | 2012 | 22429776 |
| molecular detection and identification of leishmania infection in naturally infected sand flies in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by various species of the flagellate protozoan leishmania. during the past 20 years, cutaneous leishmaniasis has emerged as a major public health threat in morocco. the main objective of this study was to study the occurrence of leishmania infection in vectors and to identify sand fly blood meal sources in an endemic locality of cutaneous leishmaniasis within sefrou province, where the vectors of leishmaniasis were still unknown. | 2014 | 24990497 |
| phlebotomus sergenti in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in azilal province (high atlas, morocco): molecular detection and genotyping of leishmania tropica, and feeding behavior. | phlebotomus (paraphlebotomus) sergenti is at least one of the confirmed vectors for the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica and distributed widely in morocco. this form of leishmaniasis is considered largely as anthroponotic, although dogs were found infected with leishmania tropica, suggestive of zoonosis in some rural areas. | 2015 | 25826399 |
| the development of psychodiella sergenti (apicomplexa: eugregarinorida) in phlebotomus sergenti (diptera: psychodidae). | psychodiella sergenti is a recently described specific pathogen of the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica. the aim of this study was to examine the life cycle of ps. sergenti in various developmental stages of the sand fly host. the microscopical methods used include scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy of native preparations and histological sections stained with periodic acid-schiff reaction. psychodiella sergenti ... | 2012 | 22313575 |
| its2-rdna sequence variation of phlebotomus sergenti s.l. (dip: psychodidae) populations in iran. | phlebotomus sergenti s.l. is considered the most likely vector of leishmania tropica in iran. although two morphotypes- p. sergenti sergenti (a) and p. sergenti similis (b)-have been formally described, further morphological and a molecular analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase i (mtdna-coi) gene revealed inconsistencies and suggests that the variation between the morphotypes is intraspecific and the morphotypes might be identical species. | 2016 | 28032098 |
| comparison of leishmania killicki (syn. l. tropica) and leishmania tropica population structure in maghreb by microsatellite typing. | leishmania (l.) killicki (syn. l. tropica), which causes cutaneous leishmaniasis in maghreb, was recently described in this region and identified as a subpopulation of l. tropica. the present genetic analysis was conducted to explore the spatio-temporal distribution of l. killicki (syn. l. tropica) and its transmission dynamics. to better understand the evolution of this parasite, its population structure was then compared with that of l. tropica populations from morocco. in total 198 samples in ... | 2015 | 26645812 |
| the development of leishmania tropica in sand flies (diptera: psychodidae): a comparison of colonies differing in geographical origin and a gregarine coinfection. | phlebotomus sergenti parrot, 1917 is the main vector of leishmania tropica; however, its broad geographical range and molecular heterogeneity suggest possible variability in vector competence. we infected laboratory-reared p. sergenti originating from turkey and israel to compare their susceptibility to l. tropica. in both tested groups, heavy late-stage infections with the presence of metacyclic forms and colonization of the stomodeal valve were observed. the similar development of leishmania i ... | 2015 | 26336272 |
| a comprehensive review of cutaneous leishmaniasis in kerman province, southeastern iran-narrative review article. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) remains a serious public health concern in kerman province, eastern iran. this study was aimed to conduct a comprehensive review and highlights various aspects of cl in the province of kerman. | 0 | 25905072 |
| detection and molecular typing of leishmania tropica from phlebotomus sergenti and lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an emerging focus of morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by flagellate protozoa of the genus leishmania. in morocco, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica is considered as a public health problem, but its epidemiology has not been fully elucidated. the main objective of this study was to detect leishmania infection in the vector, phlebotomus sergenti and in human skin samples, in the el hanchane locality, an emerging focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in central morocco. | 2013 | 23890256 |
| breeding sites of phlebotomus sergenti, the sand fly vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the judean desert. | phlebotomine sand flies transmit leishmania, phlebo-viruses and bartonella to humans. a prominent gap in our knowledge of sand fly biology remains the ecology of their immature stages. sand flies, unlike mosquitoes do not breed in water and only small numbers of larvae have been recovered from diverse habitats that provide stable temperatures, high humidity and decaying organic matter. we describe studies designed to identify and characterize sand fly breeding habitats in a judean desert focus o ... | 2012 | 22802981 |
| differential ecological traits of two phlebotomus sergenti mitochondrial lineages in southwestern europe and their epidemiological implications. | the introduction of leishmaniasis in a new area requires a well-established population of the sandfly vector species of the parasite. no autochthonous cases of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis have been detected in southwestern europe, and leishmania infantum is the only causative agent of leishmaniasis in this area. phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica, is commonly found in the iberian peninsula at sufficient densities to be able to act as a vector. it is characteris ... | 2016 | 26921209 |
| molecular characterization of leishmania infection in sand flies from al-madinah al-munawarah province, western saudi arabia. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is caused by various species of the genus leishmania. the disease is considered a major health problem in different areas of saudi arabia including al-madinah al-munawarah province. we aimed to identify leishmania species isolated from sand fly vectors by molecular analysis. sand fly sampling was carried out from may 2010 to october 2010 in province of al-madinah al-munawarah from four different localities. female sand flies collected were subjected to dna extraction ... | 2013 | 23474205 |
| phylogenetic structure of leishmania tropica in the new endemic focus birjand in east iran in comparison to other iranian endemic regions. | iran has been identified being among the countries with the highest number of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) cases. south khorasan province in east iran is an emerging focus of cl. species identification of sixty clinical samples by its1 pcr-rflp presented evidence for the dominance of leishmania tropica (90%) in this region. analysis of the its1 sequence of 19 l. tropica isolates revealed seven closely related sequence types. in addition, its1 sequences available in genbank from other iranian reg ... | 2016 | 26899681 |
| natural leishmania infection of phlebotomus sergenti (diptera: phlebotominae) in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in şanlıurfa, turkey. | sand flies (diptera: phlebotominae) were surveyed for leishmania in various villages of şanlıurfa in southeast turkey. a total of 474 sand flies were collected by cdc light traps. phlebotomus sergenti parrot (49.6%) and phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) (48.1%) were the most abundant species, followed by phlebotomus alexandri sinton (1.05%), phlebotomus perfiliewi parrot (0.4%), phlebotomus (adlerius) sp. (0.2%) and sergentomyia theodori parrot (0.4%). 196 female sand flies were grouped in 34 pools ... | 2015 | 25997884 |
| phlebotomus sergenti a common vector of leishmania tropica and toscana virus in morocco. | an entomological study using cdc miniature light-traps was performed in el hanchane locality, where cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) was emerging during the summer of 2011. the aim of this study is to identify the vectors of leishmania and of phleboviruses. | 2014 | 24947214 |
| molecular identification of bloodmeals from sand flies and mosquitoes collected in israel. | in israel, sand flies are the vectors of leishmania ross and mosquitoes are the vectors of west nile virus. in the judean desert and tiberias, the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti parrot is the vector of leishmania tropica (wright) and the rock hyrax (procavia capensis pallas) is considered the main reservoir animal. the main vectors of west nile virus are culex pipiens l. and culex perexiguus theobald. bloodmeals of engorged field-caught female sand flies and mosquitoes are an important source for ... | 2014 | 24897862 |
| first report on natural leishmania infection of phlebotomus sergenti due leishmania tropica by high resolution melting curve method in south-eastern iran. | to identify the leishmania species in infected sand flies by real-time pcr coupled with hrm analysis. | 2014 | 24461520 |
| predicting the risk of an endemic focus of leishmania tropica becoming established in south-western europe through the presence of its main vector, phlebotomus sergenti parrot, 1917. | the aim of the study was the construction of risk maps for exposure to phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of leishmania tropica, with a view to identifying hot spots for the potential establishment of this parasite in the southwest of europe. data were collected on the presence/absence of this vector and the ecological and climatic characteristics of 662 sampling sites located in the southeast, centre and northeast of the iberian peninsula (south-western europe). the environmental factors ass ... | 2013 | 23965821 |
| effect of large-scale installation of deltamethrin-impregnated screens and curtains in bam, a major focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran. | installation of deltamethrin-impregnated screens and curtains was assessed as a preventive measure against transmission of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) by phlebotomus sergenti in bam, a well-known focus of acl in iran with a population of nearly 100,000. | 2013 | 23740241 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniases in jenin district, palestine, including characterisation of the causative agents in clinical samples. | during 2002-2009, 466 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) were reported from jenin district, palestine, affecting both genders. the average annual incidence was 23 cases per 100000 inhabitants, increasing with age in children. most cases presented a single lesion, generally on the face. diagnosis and species identification was done by applying internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) rflp analysis to 47 isolates, of which 44 (93.6%) were leishmania tropica and 3 (6.4%) were l. major. rflp analysis ... | 2012 | 22832019 |
| evaluation of thermotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in kabul, afghanistan: a randomized controlled trial. | anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a common cause of ulcerative lesions and disfiguring scarring among children in afghanistan. most lesions occur on the face and are commonly caused by the trypanosome protozoan parasite leishmania tropica, transmitted by the bite of an infected sandfly (phlebotomus sergenti). this study compared the effectiveness of a single localized treatment with thermotherapy to 5 days of intralesional administration of glucantime for the treatment of cl. three h ... | 2012 | 22479925 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in saudi arabia: a comprehensive overview. | despite the great efforts by health authorities in kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa), cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) continues to be a major public health problem in the country. many risk factors make ksa prone to outbreaks and epidemics; among these, rapid urbanization and the huge population movement are the most important. the disease is endemic in many parts of ksa, with the majority of cases concentrated in six regions, including al-qaseem, riyadh, al-hassa, aseer, ha'il, and al-madinah. leishma ... | 2017 | 28806141 |
| first report on natural infection of phlebotomus sergenti with leishmania tropica in a classical focus of leishmania major in tunisia. | in tunisia, chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania tropica is an important health problem. its spreading has not been fully elucidated. information on sandfly vectors, as well as their associated leishmania species, is of paramount importance since vector dispersion is one of the major factors responsible for pathogen dissemination. ninety-seven unfed females belonging to the genera sergentomyia and phlebotomus were collected between june and august 2015 using sticky paper traps. poly ... | 2017 | 28719307 |
| distribution pattern of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica in western afghanistan during 2013-2014. | anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl), caused by leishmania tropica, is the main cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in the herat province, western afghanistan. we investigated the role of environmental factors on acl distribution in herat. epidemiological data from 2457 patients were retrieved from the local who sub-office. shapefile layers of districts, cities, villages, land cover, soil type and digital elevation model (dem) of the herat province were used to assess, by logistic regre ... | 2017 | 28754249 |