| vaccination of adult sheep with reduced doses of brucella melitensis strain rev.1: safety and serological responses. | a trial was made to test the safety of a brucella melitensis strain rev. 1 vaccine when used in various doses on pregnant sheep and a control group of pregnant goats. it was found that local sheep were more susceptible than goats to the effects of this vaccine, and that the accepted dosage rate of 10+5 viable organisms, as recommended for adult goats, should not be used on pregnant sheep. | 1977 | 906093 |
| [the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in young people]. | the article describes an outbreak of brucellosis among the servicemen (age 19-32) which was caused by br. melitensis. 13% of servicemen in the military unit went through this disease. this outbreak was caused by unsatisfactorily treated mutton of sheep which were affected with brucellosis. the illness had acute septic course. the appearance of the focuses of disease in locomotor system took place only when the infectious process had a rather long period (septicometastatic course). the acute sept ... | 1992 | 1292191 |
| control of brucellosis in kuwait by vaccination of cattle, sheep and goats with brucella abortus strain 19 or brucella melitensis strain rev. 1. | in kuwait, approximately 12,000 dairy cows were vaccinated with a reduced dose of 3 x 10(9) brucella abortus strain 19 and approximately 350,000 sexually mature sheep and goats with a reduced dose of 10(7) b. melitensis strain rev. 1. using the criteria of prevaccinal and postvaccinal incidences of antibodies, abortions, and human cases of brucellosis, the programme was very successful. widespread vaccination of adult animals is the most effective method of controlling brucellosis among cattle, ... | 1992 | 1306918 |
| serological and bacteriological study of brucellosis in camels in central saudi arabia. | sera from 2,630 apparently normal adult camels (camelus dromedarius) raised in central saudi arabia (riyadh and al-kharj cities) were examined serologically by the rose bengal and standard united states of america brucella plate agglutination tests. the overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in the restricted populations of tested camels was 8%. the seroprevalence of brucellosis among camels raised in small numbers in the backyards of 24 houses in riyadh and those intensively raised on one large ... | 1992 | 1472730 |
| experimental ovine salmonellosis (salmonella abortusovis): pathogenesis and vaccination. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. abortusovis, a sheep-adapted serotype, causes a contagious disease. abortion is the major symptom and the main source of contamination. research on this ovine disease may aid farmers, but may also contribute to comparative biological knowledge. innate resistance partly controlled by the ity locus, increased resistance to reinfection and humoral and t-cell-mediated immunity were observations gained with a murine model. in ewes, abortion regularly occurs fo ... | 1990 | 2101486 |
| use of hydrophobic cloths as antibody adsorbents for enzyme immunoassay: detection of brucella antigens. | a cloth-elisa (c-elisa) antigen capture assay for the detection of brucella melitensis and b. abortus was developed. segments (6-mm squares) of hydrophobic polyester cloth coated with diluted serum from a b. abortus-infected cow were incubated with saline suspensions of heat-killed brucella cells, or with cultures of bovine or sheep blood or bovine tissue homogenates that had been inoculated with b. abortus or b. melitensis added to trypticase soy broth (tsb) and incubated for 2-3 days. the capt ... | 1989 | 2505434 |
| experimental treatment of brucella melitensis infection in sheep with oxytetracycline alone or combined with streptomycin. | the efficacy of oxytetracycline (otc) alone or combined with streptomycin in the treatment of 118 najdi ewes believed to have been naturally infected with brucella melitensis, was evaluated by culture of selected tissues and organs at slaughter. groups of sheep were given 250, 500 or 1,000 mg of otc intraperitoneally (i/p) daily for six weeks and in the respective groups at necropsy 52, 69 and 100% of sheep were found to be brucella-free. treatment with 250 mg otc (daily for six weeks i/p) combi ... | 1989 | 2799947 |
| [bovine brucellosis caused by brucella melitensis in france]. | each brucella species is known to have a definite host preference. in this respect, brucellosis in cattle is primarily due to b. abortus. as part of an investigation of the species and biovars responsible for bovine brucellosis in france, 312 strains have been examined since 1978 by the methods recommended by the subcommittee on the taxonomy of the genus brucella. of these, 264 (85%) were indeed classified as b. abortus members. however the 48 others (15%) had all the characteristics that define ... | 1989 | 2930137 |
| anti-chlamydial immunity in ewes conferred by vaccination with a combination of three live chlamydia, brucella and salmonella vaccines. | live attenuated vaccines against chlamydia psittaci var ovis, brucella melitensis and salmonella abortus ovis have previously been shown to be compatible in mice by subcutaneous administration. immunity against challenge with virulent chlamydia was, however, slightly decreased in associations including the b melitensis rev 1 vaccine. the chlamydia strain 1b vaccine was administered to four- to five-month-old female lambs, either alone or in combination with the b melitensis rev1 and the s abortu ... | 1988 | 3176252 |
| brucellosis in the upper nile region--melut district, sudan (report). | in the melut district, south sudan human and animal blood samples were investigated for brucella abortus and brucella melitensis. 9.2% of the investigated cattle and 16.2% of the green long-tailed monkies were brucella abortus-positive. school children revealed a 3.7% positivity rate, melut's hospital patients 5.2% and village children and adults 2.2%. however, only a small number of hospital patients was investigated. a small percentage of sheep and goats was investigated for brucella melitensi ... | 1988 | 3275090 |
| [a rare cause of infection in chronic dialysis patients: malta fever (febris undulans melitensis)]. | a 45-years-old greek patient developed septicaemia in his 10th year of hemodialysis treatment. clinical investigation was directed first on bacterial infection of the arteriovenous shunt, on urosepsis or bronchopulmonary infection. then, serologically (widal's reaction and elisa-test) and in different blood-cultures brucella melitensis was detected as causative agent for malta fever (febris undulans). the focus of infection is suspected in unpasteurized sheep-milk cheese of mediterranean origine ... | 1988 | 3172682 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with brucella native hapten polysaccharide and smooth lipopolysaccharide. | brucella melitensis native haptens (nh) are polysaccharides identical to the o-side chain of the smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-lps) (e. moreno, h. mayer, and i. moriyón, infect. immun. 55:2850-2853, 1987) which precipitate with sera from infected cattle but not from strain 19-vaccinated cattle. in the present work, nh was extracted by the hot-water method (r. díaz, j. toyos, m.d. salvo, and m.l. pardo, ann. rech. vet. 12:35-39, 1981) and purified free of s-lps and protein. purified nh lacked the ... | 1988 | 3147993 |
| discrimination between sheep antibodies to brucella melitensis and to brucella ovis. | when preparations containing smooth brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide (lps) were used as antigen in an elisa, strong positive reactions were obtained with sera from sheep infected with brucella melitensis or with brucella ovis. oxidation of the lps with sodium metaperiodate greatly reduced the extent of the cross-reactions with antisera to b. ovis, with little effect on the reactions with antisera to smooth b. melitensis. periodate oxidation of hot saline extract (hsx) antigen of b. ovis marke ... | 1989 | 2800307 |
| survey of brucellosis in goats and sheep in the yemen arab republic: comparison of tests for brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | sera from 538 yemeni goats and 690 yemeni sheep were screened for brucellosis by the rose bengal plate test (rbpt) and reactors confirmed by the complement fixation test (cft) and the serum agglutination test (sat). the prevalence among goats was 0.4% and among sheep 0.6%. the prevalence among 183 imported goats and sheep was 4.4%. the sensitivity and specificity of three serological tests available for the diagnosis of brucellosis -cft, rbpt and sat - were compared using ovine sera obtained thr ... | 1985 | 4024267 |
| isolation of brucella melitensis from sheep in syria. | | 1985 | 4060527 |
| selection of a brucella vaccine strain of low residual virulence by chemical mutagenesis. | following incubation of the oral vaccine brucella suis strain 2 with diethyl sulphate (des), a mutant designated strain s105 was selected by screening surviving bacteria for reduced virulence for mice. strain 105 also showed low residual virulence for guinea-pigs and, unlike the parent strain, did not initiate abortion in pregnant sheep and goats after parenteral administration. nevertheless, it was as effective as the parent strain in stimulating protective immunity to brucella melitensis when ... | 1989 | 2795638 |
| comparative analyses of proteins extracted by hot saline or released spontaneously into outer membrane blebs from field strains of brucella ovis and brucella melitensis. | sheep infected with brucella ovis produce antibody responses to the rough lipopolysaccharide and to proteins present in hot saline (hs) extracts of b. ovis (j. i. riezu-boj, i. moriyón, j. m. blasco, c. m. marín, and r. díaz, j. clin. microbiol. 23:938-942, 1986). the distribution and antigenic relatedness of proteins in hs extracts and in outer membrane blebs were established by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting for 41 strains of b. ovis and 26 strai ... | 1989 | 2651307 |
| serological titres following vaccination of sheep and goats with brucella melitensis rev i vaccine. | | 1973 | 4197921 |
| effect of living rev. 1 vaccine in producing long-term immunity against brucella melitensis infection in sheep in iran. | | 1967 | 5625649 |
| immunological behaviour of a crude brucella melitensis lysate. | | 1968 | 5680413 |
| relative value of the agglutination test complement fixation test and coombs (antigbulin) test in the detection of brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | | 1969 | 5813554 |
| serological response of cattle, sheep and goats in kenya vaccinated with killed brucella melitensis strain h38 adjuvant vaccine. | the antibody responses of cattle, sheep and goats to the brucella melitensis h38 adjuvant vaccine were monitored by serum (tube) agglutination, complement fixation and rose bengal plate tests. high and persisting antibody titres were induced by a single dose of this vaccine in all three species. it would be difficult to classify reactors by commonly used diagnostic tests in a control or an eradication programme using the h38 adjuvant vaccine. | 1983 | 6346660 |
| horizontal transmission in sheep and delayed clearance in guinea pigs and mice of a brucella melitensis rev. i mutant. | virulence assays in guinea-pigs, mice and sheep with a rev. i mutant strain (fsa) demonstrated that the latter had increased virulence in comparison with a reference strain. the mutant showed slower clearance in guinea-pigs and mice when compared with standard rev. i strains and horizontal transmission was achieved in 2 sheep. | 1989 | 2607538 |
| isolation, identification, and characterization in israel of brucella melitensis biovar 1 atypical strains susceptible to dyes and penicillin, indicating the evolution of a new variant. | during characterization by conventional biotyping tests of numerous brucella melitensis isolates obtained in israel in the last 2 years, we identified several strains of the biovar 1 serotype that are atypically susceptible to dyes and penicillin. their coisolation from two brothers in a family that rears sheep and from the milk of one of their sheep and the prevalence of such strains in two distinct geographical zones in israel provide epidemiological support for the notion that a new variant h ... | 1990 | 2191005 |
| brucella suis s2, brucella melitensis rev. 1 and brucella abortus s19 living vaccines: residual virulence and immunity induced against three brucella species challenge strains in mice. | live attenuated brucella suis s2 vaccine was compared to living vaccines b. abortus s19 and b. melitensis rev. 1 in mice. residual virulence was estimated by ability to multiply and persist in spleen and lymph nodes. immunogenicity was estimated by spleen counts of control and vaccinated mice challenged either with the reference b. abortus 544 strain or with virulent b. melitensis h38 and b. suis 1330 strains. s2 vaccine had lower residual virulence; expressed as 50% recovery time, persistence w ... | 1990 | 2123586 |
| the isolation of brucella melitensis biovar 3 from a testicular hygroma of a ram in a nomadic flock of sheep and goats in western sudan. | brucella melitensis biovar 3 was isolated from a testicular hygroma in a ram from a nomadic flock of sheep and goats serologically positive for brucellosis and with a history of occasional abortions. the affected testis was enlarged, extensively damaged and contained fluid. the isolation of this biovar identifies the need for further investigations into the prevalence of brucellosis and the particular biovars involved in nomadic animals. | 1990 | 2079561 |
| comparison of serological tests for brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | a comparative study of the standard tube agglutination test (sat), rose bengal plate agglutination test and counter immuno-electrophoresis (ciep) was made on 647 sera from naturally aborting ewes, orchitic, in-contact and apparently healthy sheep with no history of vaccination against brucellosis. no individual test could detect all the 13 known positive reactors (the foetuses of which yielded brucella melitensis) but by combination of two tests all 13 were positive. the sat detected more reacto ... | 1991 | 2038764 |
| serological response of sheep to brucella melitensis rev. 1 vaccine. | | 1983 | 6650024 |
| [serological survey of small ruminants in 4 districts of niger]. | in 1990, a serosurvey on 1,474 small ruminants was conducted in four districts of niger (maradi, zinder, diffa and dosso). the epidemiology and seroprevalence of eight diseases were studied: brucella melitensis and b. ovis brucellosis, chlamydiosis, coxiellosis, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, type a pasteurellosis, peste des petits ruminants, rift valley fever, crimée-congo haemorragic fever. the main health problem for the development of small ruminants farming, seems to be both pasteurell ... | 1991 | 1843821 |
| comparison between subcutaneous and conjunctival route of vaccination with rev. 1 strain against brucella melitensis infection in ewes. | in areas where the prevalence of brucella melitensis infection in sheep is high, control of the disease cannot be led without the help of vaccination. the use of brucella melitensis strain rev. 1 vaccine affords a very good protection. the drawback is that this vaccine, giving rise to long-lasting antibody titers, may disturb serological screening when a return is made to a test and slaughter policy, after several years of vaccination. there is a great need for another mode of vaccination which ... | 1982 | 7185320 |
| conjunctival vaccination of pregnant ewes and goats with brucella melitensis rev 1 vaccine: safety and serological responses. | when brucella melitensis strain rev 1 vaccine (rev 1) is administered by the standard method (1-2 x 10(9) viable bacteria injected subcutaneously), it may induce long-lasting serological responses and/or cause abortion in pregnant animals. the conjunctival route considerably reduces these drawbacks. in the present experiment a 1 x 10(8) cfu dose for both ewes and goats conjunctivally vaccinated at mid-pregnancy was tested for innocuousness (outcome of pregnancy, contamination of unvaccinated con ... | 1992 | 1610080 |
| protection of rams against brucella ovis infection by brucella melitensis rev. 1 vaccine. | | 1981 | 7324641 |
| an elisa with brucella lipopolysaccharide antigen for the diagnosis of b. melitensis infection in sheep and for the evaluation of serological responses following subcutaneous or conjunctival b. melitensis strain rev 1 vaccination. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with unpurified brucella melitensis smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-lps) as antigen was evaluated for the serological diagnosis of b. melitensis infection in sheep in comparison with the rose bengal (rb), complement fixation (cf), radial immunodiffusion (rid), microplate agglutination (ma) and rivanol agglutination (riv) tests. tests rb and cf detected as positive each of the 77 sera from b. melitensis-infected animals tested, the rid (74), ma ( ... | 1992 | 1557898 |
| comparative evaluation of microagglutination test and serum agglutination test as supplementary diagnostic methods for brucellosis. | the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle and small ruminants requires the use of more than one serological test. the complement fixation test (cft), the rose bengal test (rbt), and the serum agglutination test (sat) are among the most useful tests for routine diagnosis. the microagglutination test (mat) was developed as a simpler and more efficient test than the sat. the relative efficacy of this test compared with that of the sat was evaluated by using brucella-free sheep and goats prior to and a ... | 1995 | 7559970 |
| treatment of brucella melitensis infection in sheep and goats with oxytetracycline combined with streptomycin. | six treatment regimens using oxytetracycline (otc) combined with streptomycin (st) were evaluated for eliminating brucella melitensis from 480 naturally-infected sheep and goats. cessation of shedding brucella from udder secretions and absence of brucella in selected tissues at autopsy were considered criteria for successful treatment. four regimens were equally effective in eliminating brucella in the treated groups of sheep and goats regardless of the source of antibiotics used. these were reg ... | 1992 | 1472731 |
| comparison of the efficacy of brucella suis strain 2 and brucella melitensis rev. 1 live vaccines against a brucella melitensis experimental infection in pregnant ewes. | the comparative efficacy of brucella suis strain 2 (s2) and brucella melitensis strain rev. 1 (rev. 1) live vaccines in protecting sheep against b. melitensis infection was evaluated by clinical and bacteriological examination of ewes vaccinated conjunctivally with a dose of 1 x 10(9) c.f.u. when 4 months old and then challenged with 5 x 10(7) c.f.u. of the b. melitensis virulent strain 53h38 (h38) at the middle of the first or second pregnancy following vaccination. animals were considered to b ... | 1995 | 7625115 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a newly identified brucella abortus gene and serological evaluation of the 17-kilodalton antigen that it encodes. | a thus far unknown gene encoding a brucella abortus protein has been isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library probed with sera from brucella-infected sheep. sequence analysis of the cloned gene revealed the presence of an open reading frame of 158 amino acids encoding a protein of 17.3 kda (calculated molecular mass). the recombinant b. abortus protein, expressed in escherichia coli, and the corresponding brucella melitensis protein migrated at the same apparent molecular masses as shown b ... | 1995 | 7664168 |
| isolation of brucella melitensis from aborting ruminants in jordan. | thirty-four isolates (16.5 per cent) of brucella melitensis were cultured from 206 samples from aborted, still-born or weak full-term animals and vaginal swabs from aborted animals. twenty-six of 31 isolates from sheep were b. melitensis biovar 3. two isolates were biovar 1 and one of these was the vaccine strain rev 1. the three remaining isolates were from vaginal swabs and were not biotyped since b. melitensis biovar 3 had been isolated from the aborted fetuses. one of two isolates from cattl ... | 1992 | 1452817 |
| purification, characterization, and seroactivity of a 20-kilodalton brucella protein antigen. | an internal protein was purified from cell extracts of brucella melitensis b115 by a combination of preparative isoelectric focusing and high-performance size exclusion chromatography. the protein has an apparent molecular mass of 230 kda as determined by size exclusion chromatography. the protein was resolved to a single band of 20 kda after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the native protein had an isoelectric point of 4.9. the n-terminal sequence of the 20-kda protei ... | 1992 | 1400966 |
| brucellosis as a world problem. | brucellosis is one of the most widespread and economically the most ravaging of zoonoses. the occurrence of the acute, often incapacitating infection in man caused by brucella melitensis usually coincides with occurrence of the infection in sheep and goats. well-known foci of this infection have been identified in the mediterranean basin, central asia and latin america. recent investigations in parts of africa and india have shown that the infection is much more widespread than was previously su ... | 1976 | 1261753 |
| efficacy of different rose bengal and complement fixation antigens for the diagnosis of brucella melitensis infection in sheep and goats. | fifteen different rose bengal antigens showed large differences with respect to ph, cell concentration and agglutination with the international standard anti-brucella abortus serum, demonstrating the lack of international standardisation. their sensitivity and specificity, compared with that of the complement fixation test, were evaluated for the diagnosis of b melitensis infection in culture-positive sheep, brucella-free ewes, and sheep and goats belonging to field flocks under different epidem ... | 1994 | 8036772 |
| titration of a brucella protein allergen in sheep sensitized with brucella melitensis. | a protein allergen extracted from a rough strain of b. melitensis was titrated in sheep sensitized by vaccination with the attenuated b. melitensis strain rev. i. single doses of allergen were given per animal by the intradermal or palpebral routes. doses over a 100-fold range produced delayed hypersensitivity reactions of similar magnitude by both routes. the most suitable method for application in the field was a dose of 50 mug given by the palpebral route (0.5 ml subcutaneously in the upper e ... | 1975 | 1163961 |
| [immunization of ewes against experimental brucella melitensis infection: comparison of eleven vaccines]. | a comparative study of 11 antibrucellic vaccines has been carried out in the limousin region of 360 ewe-lambs divided into groups of 30, a 12th group serving as control. after being vaccinated at 8 months, the ewe-lambs were covered between 9 1/2 and 10 1/2 months, then infected at 11 months with br. melitensis strain 53 h 38 by instillation of 4 x 10(6) germs on the conjonctiva. six of these vaccines reduced the number of abortions and the excretion of brucella at parturition: three consisted o ... | 1976 | 944151 |
| efficacy of brucella suis strain 2 vaccine against brucella ovis in rams. | the protective efficacy against brucella ovis of live vaccine brucella suis strain 2 (s2) and brucella melitensis strain rev 1 has been evaluated in rams. fourteen 4-month-old brucella-free aragonesa rams were vaccinated conjunctivally with 2 x 10(9) c.f.u. s2. sixteen rams of the same breed, condition and age were conjunctivally vaccinated the same day with 1.6 x 10(9) rev 1. thirteen rams were unvaccinated controls. eight months after vaccination all rams were challenged with 6 x 10(9) c.f.u. ... | 1993 | 8296481 |
| immunochemical identification of antigens of brucella melitensis by means of crie. | a crude extract of brucella melitensis was obtained by sonication, centrifugation and dialysis, and analyzed by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. cie analysis, using a high titer purified rabbit antibody anti-brucella fraction, showed that the brucella melitensis extract contained at least 22 antigens that all moved towards the anode. the antigens of the crude extract able to interact with igg of patients affected by brucellosis, were identified by means of crie using sheep 125i-anti human igg ... | 1987 | 3587065 |
| brucellosis--cause of abortion in sheep and its public health significance. | present study was undertaken to determine the association of brucellosis with abortions occurring naturally in sheep at an organized local sheep breeding farm. a total of 15 strains of brucella melitensis biovar i were isolated from the abortion material. serologically the aborted ewes were positive for brucellosis by one or more tests. during acute infection (abortion), standard tube agglutination test (sat) detected more positive reactors (70.7%) while counter immunoelectrophoresis (cie) detec ... | 1986 | 3557828 |
| control of brucella melitensis infection in sheep and goats--a review. | | 1987 | 3307078 |
| control of brucella melitensis brucellosis in developing countries. | | 1987 | 3300717 |
| the isolation and serology of the "fsa" brucella melitensis rev. 1 mutant in a flock of sheep. | a flock of sheep, known to be infected with the "fsa" mutant of brucella melitensis rev. 1, was examined serologically and bacteriologically to determine whether any relationship existed which would help in the control of this infection in the field. an attempt was also made to determine whether vertical transmission occurred. twenty-one out of 62 sheep were bacteriologically positive. the best organs for isolation were the udder, supramammary lymphnodes and uterus. no significant relationship c ... | 1988 | 3194120 |
| comparison of two selective media for the isolation of brucella melitensis from naturally infected sheep and goats. | the efficacy of two selective media for the isolation of brucella melitensis from naturally infected sheep and goats was compared. two hundred and eighty sheep and 60 goats belonging to b melitensis-infected flocks were slaughtered and samples of milk (when available) and seven tissues were taken from each animal for bacteriological analyses. a modified thayer-martin's medium was more sensitive than farrell's medium; by the combined use of both media 142 infected sheep and 40 infected goats were ... | 1996 | 8733178 |
| immunization with brucella melitensis rev 1 against brucella ovis infection of rams. | the efficacy of brucella melitensis rev 1 vaccine (rev 1) for the prophylaxis of brucella ovis ram epididymitis was evaluated. twenty-nine 3-month-old rams were vaccinated with 2 x 10(9) rev 1 and 14 were revaccinated with 5 x 10(8) at 14 months of age. six rams remained unvaccinated as a control group. all rams were challenged with 5 x 10(8) b. ovis at 21 months of age. before being slaughtered 8 weeks later, only one vaccinated ram developed epididymitis while four of the six control rams deve ... | 1987 | 3686824 |
| ovine brucellosis: repeated vaccination with rev 1 vaccine and the prevalence of the disease in the winburg district. | the effect of repeated vaccination of ram lambs with brucella melitensis rev 1 vaccine was studied in relation to complement fixation titres. the presence of brucella organisms in semen and changes in neutrophil densities of the semen were also studied. a survey of the incidence of ovine brucellosis in the winburg district on the basis of a clinical examination of rams and the complement fixation test is also reported on. repeated vaccination of ram lambs with rev 1 vaccine resulted in high comp ... | 1985 | 3836306 |
| [persistence of serologic and allergic reactions in ewes after vaccination with the h.38 or rev.1 vaccines in a brucellosis (brucella melitensis) enzootic area]. | in a flock of 2,000 ewes located in an endemic area of brucella melitensis infection, subjected to systematic vaccination of lambs either with killed and adjuvanted b. melitensis h.38 vaccine from 1973 to 1978, or with living b. melitensis rev.1 vaccine since 1979, reactions to allergic intrapalpebral test, complement fixation test and rose bengal plate test were recorded in small groups of animals vaccinated four, three, two or one years ago. four years after h.38 vaccination, 39 ewes out of 40 ... | 1989 | 2930135 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the gene coding for a ribosome releasing factor-homologous protein of brucella melitensis. | the gene coding for a brucella melitensis cytosoluble protein (cp24) that is immunogenic in infected sheep and a major component of brucellin inra was cloned and sequenced. as in brucella cells, cp24 was located in the cytoplasm of recombinant escherichia coli. the amino acid sequence predicted from the cloned gene revealed 48 and 46% identity with the ribosome releasing factor, a protein factor required for release of the 70s ribosome from the mrna, of e. coli and haemophilus influenzae rd, res ... | 1996 | 8890247 |
| vaccination of ewes by a single conjunctival administration of brucella melitensis rev. 1 vaccine. | in a lot of 99 ewes, the efficacy of a single vaccination by the conjunctival route (vc) with either 1.4 x 10(8) or 1.4 x 10(9) cfu brucella melitensis rev. 1 was compared with that of normal subcutaneous (sc) vaccination with 1.6 x 10(9) cfu. the ewes were challenged seven months after vaccination, when 85 days pregnant, with 5 x 10(7) cfu brucella melitensis strain h38 administered by conjunctival route. complement fixation, rose bengal and allergic tests were performed at intervals between va ... | 1985 | 4091489 |
| antibody and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to ochrobactrum anthropi cytosolic and outer membrane antigens in infections by smooth and rough brucella spp. | immunological cross-reactions between brucella spp. and ochrobactrum anthropi were investigated in animals and humans naturally infected by brucella spp. and in experimentally infected rams (brucella ovis infected), rabbits (brucella melitensis infected), and mice (b. melitensis and brucella abortus infected). in the animals tested, o. anthropi cytosolic proteins evoked a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction of a frequency and intensity similar to that observed with b. melitensis brucellin. o. ... | 1997 | 9144364 |
| brucellosis: serological methods compared. | at least 12 persons contracted clinical, and 4 persons subclinical brucella melitensis infection during a brucellosis epidemic in the spring and summer of 1983 in southern germany, a region which had been free of this disease for the past 20 years. all cases of illness were traced to one infected herd of sheep. the presence of antibodies against b. melitensis was examined in 72 sera of infected patients using the following tests: agglutination, coomb's test, two complement fixation tests with di ... | 1985 | 4093607 |
| evaluation of a radial immunodiffusion test for diagnosing brucellosis in sheep and its possible value for differentiating infected from brucella melitensis rev 1 vaccinated sheep. | the efficiency of 4 serological test: rose bengal (rb), complement fixation (cf), gel diffusion (gd) and radial immunodiffusion (rid) for diagnosing brucellosis in sheep was compared. rid and cf were also used to evaluate sheep serological response following rev 1 vaccination. crude smooth lipopolysaccharide (lps-s) and polysaccharide b antigens obtained from b. melitensis 16 m were used in gd and rid tests respectively. in experiment 1, two hundred and sixty five sera from adult unvaccinated sh ... | 1984 | 6436109 |
| brucellosis: an overview. | brucellosis remains a major zoonosis worldwide. although many countries have eradicated brucella abortus from cattle, in some areas brucella melitensis has emerged as a cause of infection in this species as well as in sheep and goats. despite vaccination campaigns with the rev 1 strain, b. melitensis remains the principal cause of human brucellosis. brucella suis is also emerging as an agent of infection in cattle, thus extending its opportunities to infect humans. the recent isolation of distin ... | 1997 | 9204307 |
| [immunization of ewes and she-goats against experimental brucella melitensis infection. a comparison of rev 1 and h 38 vaccines]. | | 1984 | 6489637 |
| control of ovine brucellosis in najdi sheep in saudi arabia. | a practical programme for control of ovine brucellosis in a najdi sheep flock at haradh and protection of sheep handlers from infection was implemented. haradh sheep were serologically tested three times at six-month intervals. of 2,721 sheep subjected to the first tests, 387 (14.2%) were positive reactors. at the second test 2,072 sheep were tested and 31 (1.5%) were positive. the third test was performed on 2,963 sheep and only nine (0.3%) positive reactors were found. of eight sheep handlers ... | 1984 | 6523581 |
| a note on adult sheep vaccination with reduced dose of brucella melitensis rev 1. | this work describes results obtained by vaccinating pregnant ewes from a brucella melitensis-infected flock, with 5 x 10(8) cfu (half dose) rev 1. only five abortions were recorded after vaccinating 600 pregnant ewes. the serological response was followed by rose bengal, complement fixation and radial immunodiffusion tests. a short-termed, low humoral immunoresponse was produced. the radial immunodiffusion test could be more useful than the other tests for differentiating infected from vaccinate ... | 1984 | 6529126 |
| the differentiation of brucella species by substrate specific tetrazolium reduction. | in the development of a tetrazolium reduction assay to replace substrate stimulated oxygen uptake for the identification of brucella species, nine tetrazolium salts were evaluated. only the more readily reduced compounds (mtt and int) detected increased metabolic activity with the more fastidious, slow growing strains and with b. suis strains on l-arginine and dl-ornithine. the assay was optimised with mtt. mtt reduction profiles offered with the medium on which the cells were grown. cells grown ... | 1997 | 9355260 |
| characterization of an immuno-dominant antigen in brucella ovis and evaluation of its use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a panel of 45 brucella ovis serologically positive sera were tested in immunoblots against b. ovis outer membrane proteins omp31 and omp25, purified by preparative sds-gel electrophoresis. forty-three sera reacted with omp31, while only 11 reacted with omp25, suggesting that omp31 is identical to the previously reported immuno-dominant 29-kda protein. attempts to purify omp31 on a larger scale by using procedures such as ion exchange-, reversed phase-, affinity- and gel filtration chromatography ... | 1998 | 9549861 |
| the use of allergic test in the diagnosis of brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | | 1983 | 6626935 |
| efficacy of brucella melitensis rev. 1 vaccine against brucella ovis infection in rams. | the efficacy of brucella melitensis strain rev. 1 vaccine against a brucella ovis experimental infection was judged on 30 rams, 15 of which had received 8.5 x 10(8) rev. 1 at the age of 4 months. all were challenged 9 months later by conjunctival route with 5 x 10(8) b. ovis. the 30 rams were killed three months after challenge and were autopsied. genital and other organs and lymph-nodes were searched for b. ovis. only a few organs and lymph-nodes of three vaccinated rams shed b. ovis, contrary ... | 1982 | 7168540 |
| comparison of polyclonal, monoclonal and protein g peroxidase conjugates in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of brucella ovis in sheep. | the sensitivities of three commercial peroxidase conjugates (polyclonal anti-sheep igg, recombinant protein g and a monoclonal anti-ruminant igg1) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for brucella ovis were evaluated. the monoclonal and protein g conjugates reduced, but did not totally remove, the characteristic background reactivity observed with the sera from brucella-free sheep. the protein g conjugate provided the best sensitivity, similar to that obtained with the classical gel diffusion ... | 1998 | 9802197 |
| efficacy of elisa compared to conventional tests (rbpt and cft) for the diagnosis of brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | an indirect elisa (ielisa) using a b. abortus smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-lps) as coating antigen and a polyclonal anti-sheep igg peroxydase-labeled serum as conjugate was developed. the ielisa was assessed in comparison to the food and agriculture organisation/international atomic energy agency (fao/iaea) standard bovine elisa kit (iaea kit) using an anti-bovine igg conjugate that cross-reacts with sheep antibodies, and with complement fixation test (cft) and rose bengal plate test (rbpt). the ... | 1998 | 9874104 |
| causes of abortion in khorassan province--mashad. | the aim of this paper is to analyse the cause of abortion and postnatal deaths in sheep on the basis of laboratory examinations. for serological examination against brucellosis and salmonellosis 899 blood samples were collected. from all tested sera 411 (45.7%) were positive to brucella melitensis antigen and only 10 (1.11%) to salmonella abortus ovis antigens. bacteriological examination were done with 50 lambs, 143 aborted foetuses and 46 vaginal swabs. brucella melitensis was stated in 7.6% i ... | 1981 | 7301632 |
| brucella melitensis cell envelope protein and lipopolysaccharide epitopes involved in humoral immune responses of naturally and experimentally infected sheep. | cell envelope fraction (cef) of brucella melitensis b115 was used to investigate antibody responses of b. melitensis naturally and strain h38 experimentally infected sheep by immunoblotting, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) (i-elisa), and competitive elisa (c-elisa) with monoclonal antibodies (mabs). mabs used were directed to outer membrane proteins with molecular masses of 10, 16.5, 19, 25 to 27, 31 to 34, 36 to 38, and 89 kda; to the heat shock protein dnak, to o-polysacchar ... | 1994 | 7529242 |
| evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of sheep infected and vaccinated with brucella melitensis. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using the lipopolysaccharide of the cell wall as an antigen, was used to detect brucella melitensis antibodies in ovine serum. the test was carried out on 703 samples of field serums, which were also analyzed by the complement fixation (cf) test and the rose bengal (rb) test. the elisa results were more similar to those of the cf test (kappa = 0.89) than to the results of the rb test (kappa = 0.73). the elisa also had high sensitivity (94.7% ... | 1995 | 7619903 |
| molecular characterization of brucella strains isolated from marine mammals. | recently, gram-negative bacteria isolated from a variety of marine mammals have been identified as brucella species by conventional phenotypic analysis. this study found the 16s rrna gene from one representative isolate was identical to the homologous sequences of brucella abortus, b. melitensis, b. canis, and b. suis. is711-based dna fingerprinting of 23 isolates from marine mammals showed all the isolates differed from the classical brucella species. in general, fingerprint patterns grouped by ... | 2000 | 10699036 |
| identification of sero-reactive brucella melitensis cytosoluble proteins which discriminate between antibodies elicited by infection and rev.1 vaccination in sheep. | distinction between brucella melitensis infected and vaccinated sheep is needed to fully achieve ovine brucellosis eradication in several countries. for this purpose, we probed immunoblots of cytosoluble protein extract (cpe) of the rough (r) b. melitensis strain b115 with sera of brucella-free, naturally infected, b. melitensis h38 experimentally infected and b. melitensis rev.1 vaccinated sheep to identify immunogenic brucella cytosoluble proteins which may lead to the development of more usef ... | 1995 | 7667905 |
| assessment of a monoclonal antibody-based competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) for diagnosis of brucellosis in infected and rev. 1 vaccinated sheep and goats. | in this study a celisa for the diagnosis of brucellosis due to b. melitensis in sheep and goats was evaluated and its capability of discriminating vaccinated from infected animals was assessed. information is provided indicating that the celisa has a diagnostic sensitivity (99.4%) and specificity (98.9%) in sheep and goats comparable to that of many standard indirect elisa methods. in addition, the test proved able to distinguish between vaccinated and infected animals with an accuracy of up to ... | 2000 | 11061628 |
| [meningitis as the first and only manifestation of brucellosis]. | an 8-year-old girl with no previous symptoms was admitted to hospital with aseptic meningitis syndrome. the girls father is a shepherd and there was a familial antecedent of brucellosis, but the patient did not consume unpasteurized goat milk products nor did she take part in the care of the sheep stock. the clinical evolution did not follow the usual development of a viral or partially treated bacterial meningitis. brucella melitensis was isolated in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. specific ... | 2000 | 11083975 |
| brucella abortus rb51 and hot saline extract from brucella ovis as antigens in a complement fixation test used to detect sheep vaccinated with brucella abortus rb51. | the efficacy of brucella abortus rb51 and hot saline extract (hse) from brucella ovis as antigens in complement fixation (cf) tests was comparatively evaluated in detecting immune responses of sheep vaccinated with b. abortus strain rb51. for this study, four 5-month-old sheep were vaccinated subcutaneously with 5 x 10(9) cfu of rb51, and two sheep received saline. serum samples collected at different times after vaccination were tested for the presence of antibodies to rb51 by a cf test with rb ... | 2001 | 11139204 |
| bacterial infections: osteoarticular brucellosis. | osteoarticular brucellosis has been documented extensively from the middle east and spain in the last 5 years, but it has only been reported infrequently from the uk and usa. brucella melitensis from goat and sheep is the most frequently isolated organism. peripheral articular pain, particularly of the large joints, is the commonest osteoarticular manifestation, while effusions that seldom yield organisms on culture, also occur frequently. sacroiliitis which most frequently is unilateral, often ... | 1995 | 7728879 |
| [failure to detect brucella melitensis in 3 hemoculture systems]. | | 2001 | 11256249 |
| evaluation of allergic and serological tests for diagnosing brucella melitensis infection in sheep. | a total of 291 unvaccinated sheep from brucella melitenesis-infected flocks were examined for delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses with brucellergene commercial allergen and with cold saline extract and cytosol from rough b. melitensis 115, and their sera were tested in the rose bengal test (rbt), complement fixation test (cft), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with lipopolysaccharide. dth reactions were maximal after 72 h, with no intensity differences among allergens, ino ... | 1994 | 7989528 |
| antibody response to brucella melitensis outer membrane antigens in naturally infected and rev1 vaccinated sheep. | sera from brucella infected and b. melitensis rev1 vaccinated sheep were analysed by immunoblotting using the cell envelope fraction (cef) of b. melitensis b115. the cef of b. melitensis b115 was analysed using a bank of monoclonal antibodies. the fraction consisted mainly of s-lps like molecules, r-lps and outer membrane proteins (omps) of molecular masses of 10, 16.5, 19, 25-27, 31-34, 36-38, 73 and 89 kda. immunoblot analysis indicates that the antibody response in infected sheep was mainly d ... | 1994 | 8203126 |
| brucellosis among animals and human contacts in eastern sudan. | to study the relative frequency of brucellosis among domestic animals in kassala state, sudan, in the year 1999 and compare the results of previous studies since 1908. also to study the frequency rates of the disease in animal contacts in the area. | 2001 | 11479636 |
| comparative analysis of brucella serotype a and m and yersinia enterocolitica o:9 polysaccharides for serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle, sheep, and goats. | hapten polysaccharides of brucella smooth m and a serotypes were prepared from brucella sp. and yersinia enterocolitica o:9 by previously described hydrolytic (o chain) or nonhydrolytic (native hapten [nh]) procedures. the purified polysaccharides differed only in the presence (o chain) or absence (nh) of lipopolysaccharide core sugars. the polysaccharides were compared by reverse radial immunodiffusion for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle (brucella abortus biotype 1 [a serotype] and bruce ... | 1993 | 8308104 |
| molecular characterization, occurrence, and immunogenicity in infected sheep and cattle of two minor outer membrane proteins of brucella abortus. | screening of a brucella abortus genomic library with two sets of monoclonal antibodies allowed the isolation of the genes corresponding to two minor outer membrane proteins (omp10 and omp19) found in this bacterial species. sequence analysis of the omp10 gene revealed an open reading frame capable of encoding a protein of 126 amino acids. the nucleotide sequence of the insert producing the omp19 protein contains two overlapping open reading frames, the largest of which (177 codons) was shown to ... | 1996 | 8557326 |
| [the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in the region of the northern caucasus]. | at present, the northern caucus region is the most unfavourable brucellosis area of the russian federation where 43.5% of the total russian incidence of this infection was recorded in 1993. over the past years (1988-1993) there was a highly unsteady-state improvement of the epidemiological situation, however, the rates of human morbidity with this infection greatly lag behind those in russia. the active foci of small cattle brucellosis as the leading source of human contamination with brucellosi ... | 1995 | 8587517 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with partially purified cytosoluble 28-kilodalton protein for serological differentiation between brucella melitensis-infected and b. melitensis rev.1-vaccinated sheep. | the problem of differentiating sheep infected with brucella melitensis from those vaccinated or exposed to cross-reaching organisms has not been resolved by conventional serological tests or through the use of the smooth lipopolysaccharide in primary binding assays. we therefore analyzed sera from ewes experimentally infected with b. melitensis h38, from ewes naturally infected with b. melitensis, and from b. melitensis rev.1-vaccinated ewes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with three antige ... | 1996 | 8705674 |
| childhood brucellosis in north-western greece: a retrospective analysis. | fifty-two cases of childhood brucellosis which occurred in north-western greece during the 15-year period 1979-1993, are reviewed. it is believed that they represent very closely the total incidence of the disease in the region which has a population of 100,000 children aged 0-14 years old. brucellosis-affected children were almost exclusively from goat- or shepherd families and of both sexes and all age groups. a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from malaise only to brain absce ... | 1996 | 8750800 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the brucella melitensis bp26 gene coding for a protein immunogenic in infected sheep. | we have previously identified a brucella melitensis 28 kda cytosoluble protein (cp28) which was highly immunogenic in infected sheep and which in addition made possible the serological differentiation between infected and b. melitensis rev. 1 vaccinated sheep. monoclonal antibodies against cp28 were used to screen a b. melitensis 16m genomic library and to clone the corresponding gene. dna sequencing of the gene encoding cp28 of b. melitensis 16m revealed that it was nearly identical to that of ... | 1996 | 8764475 |
| production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to brucella melitensis cytosoluble proteins that are able to differentiate antibody responses of infected sheep from rev. 1 vaccinated sheep. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced to brucella melitensis cytosoluble proteins (cp) with apparent molecular masses of 12, 24 and 28 kda (cp12, cp24 and cp28) which were previously shown by immunoblotting to differentiate antibody responses of infected sheep from those of b. melitensis strain rev. 1 vaccinated sheep. these mabs were derived from mice infected with virulent smooth (s) b. melitensis strain h38. most mabs obtained were directed to cp28, which indicated (as was shown in infec ... | 1996 | 8810948 |
| competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies to the brucella melitensis bp26 protein to evaluate antibody responses in infected and b. melitensis rev.1 vaccinated sheep. | competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) was performed using 15 monoclonal antibodies (mabs), specific for brucella bp26 (previously also called cp28), a periplasmic protein antigen, to investigate antibody responses in naturally and b. melitensis h38 experimentally infected and b. melitensis rev.1 vaccinated sheep. the antigen preparation consisted of cytosoluble protein extract (cpe) of b. melitensis b115. by combining the c-elisa results of several mabs, a high percentage of na ... | 1996 | 9008343 |
| analysis of sampling strategies to substantiate freedom from disease in large areas. | in this paper, we deal with the strategies of surveys to substantiate freedom from disease for a certain territory. infection might not be distributed homogeneously. so, a relatively high within-herd prevalence might be observed while the herd-level prevalence is lower. for this situation, we compare various two-stage sample strategies. the calculation of appropriate sample sizes becomes quite complicated. the theoretical generalization of the hypergeometric distribution by cameron and baldock [ ... | 2002 | 11849726 |
| serological serum protein fraction and responses to brucella melitensis in lambs fed aflatoxins. | twenty-four lambs were given 2 ppm aflatoxins (af) in their diet for 37 d and 12 were kept as a control group. after this time, toxic feed was removed for a further 35 days (clearance period). on day 17 all lambs were vaccinated with b melitensis strain rev-1, and blood samples were taken regularly to determine the levels of antibodies and serum proteins. aflatoxins decreased titers of rose bengal test and optical densities of elisa, both in the intoxicated and clearance periods. complement fixa ... | 1997 | 9167241 |
| transmission of brucella melitensis from sheep to lambs. | forty-one pregnant sheep showing positive immune responses to brucella melitensis in serological or allergic tests were selected from naturally infected flocks and kept in an isolated pen for lambing. the resulting 62 lambs were maintained in the same pen with their dams during lactation. when the lambs were weaned, the dams were slaughtered for bacteriological study and the lambs were reared in a clean pen. fourteen ewes excreted b melitensis during lactation and 17 were found to be infected po ... | 1997 | 9203318 |
| infection of a pacemaker by brucella melitensis. | we report a case that, to the best of our knowledge, is the only published instance of infection of a pacemaker and its leads by brucella melitensis. furthermore, this case suggests that b. melitensis may be able to persist around pacemaker devices despite its having been eliminated from the rest of the body. the patient was a sheep shearer who had just undergone a 45-day course of antibiotic therapy for brucella and had been considered cured on the basis of negative blood cultures. | 1997 | 9205989 |
| an overview of the eradication of brucella melitensis from kwazulu-natal. | brucella melitensis is a gram-negative bacterium whose primary hosts are goats and sheep. like the other brucelia spp., with the exception of brucella ovis, it is not particularly host specific as it is pathogenic for a variety of other mammal species including humans. in humans the disease caused by it is rated as one of the most important zoonoses. three outbreaks have been recorded in goats and sheep in south africa; the first outbreak occurred in sheep in 1965 in the mpumalanga and northern ... | 2002 | 12233997 |
| combined s99/rb51 antigen for complement fixation test for serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle and sheep. | to assess the efficiency of a single antigen for the complement fixation (cf) test, prepared by combining brucella abortus smooth strain 99 (s99) with brucella abortus rough strain rb51(rb51), in detecting cattle and sheep infected or vaccinated with brucella spp. | 2002 | 12392535 |
| incidence and control of brucellosis in the near east region. | in countries of the near east region, brucellosis was reported in almost all domestic animals, particularly cattle, sheep and goats. brucellosis in camels has been reported in saudi arabia, kuwait, oman, iraq, iran, sudan, egypt, libya and somalia. it has been reported even in racing camels in the united arab emirates. in egypt, brucellosis has been reported also in buffaloes, equines and swine. brucella melitensis biovar 3 is the most commonly isolated species from animals in egypt, jordan, isr ... | 2002 | 12414137 |
| a review of the use of b. melitensis rev 1 vaccine in adult sheep and goats. | the live brucella melitensis rev 1 strain is considered the best vaccine available for the prophylaxis of brucellosis in small ruminants. the classically recommended exclusive vaccination of young replacement animals has failed to control brucellosis in some developed countries and is frequently inapplicable in the developing world. accordingly, whole-flock vaccination is the only feasible alternative to control b. melitensis infection in small ruminants under the extensive management conditions ... | 1997 | 9234451 |
| an overview of the epidemiology and epizootology of brucellosis in selected countries of central and southeast europe. | the objective of this paper is to give an overview of the epidemiologic and epizootic status of brucellosis in selected countries of central and southeast europe (balkan region). based on dimension of the disease problem, there is a need to establish collaboration in the eradication and prevention of brucellosis between all countries in the region. although there were no readily accessible data concerning epidemiology and epizootology of brucellosis in these countries, the limited official and p ... | 2002 | 12414140 |
| an epidemiological and surveillance overview of brucellosis in romania. | this article reports epidemiological investigations on the occurrence of brucellosis in romania. like in other former communist countries, data concerning epidemiology of brucellosis and published articles are very few. the epidemiology and control of brucellosis in romania was analyzed using data made available by the office international des epizooties and veterinary service of romania. romania, like many other developed countries, has eradicated brucella abortus from cattle since 1969. brucel ... | 2002 | 12414141 |
| epidemiology and control of brucellosis in china. | the paper describes the history and evolvement of brucellosis in china. it presents the variation of epidemic situation, epidemiological characteristics, application of vaccines and control in brief. before 1980s, human and animal brucellosis was quite severe; during 1980s, the incidence of human and animal brucellosis was relatively low, and seemed to decrease during the decade. during 1990s, there were no obvious changes in the incidence of animal brucellosis, but the incidence of human brucel ... | 2002 | 12414142 |