| nutritional requirements for synthesis of heat-labile enterotoxin by enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli. | optimal growth conditions have been established for production of heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) by both porcine and human strains of enterotoxigenic (ent(+)) escherichia coli. there were no unusual growth factor requirements, and some strains produced fairly high levels of lt in a basal salts medium containing 0.5% glucose if the ph was carefully controlled. several amino acids markedly stimulated lt synthesis when added to the basal salts-glucose medium. methionine and lysine were the most stimu ... | 1979 | 33900 |
| inosiplex, a stimulating agent for normal human t cells and human leukocytes. | the influence of inosiplex upon various in vitro leucocyte assays was studied in normal individuals. it was found that the drug increases the response of bidirectional and unidirectional mixed lymphocyte cultures at concentrations of 200, 300, and 500 microgram/ml. it also significantly increases the percentage of active t rosettes (concentration range: 50 to 500 microgram/ml) and the percentage of autologous red cell t rosettes (concentration: 100 microgram/ml). in contrast, inosiplex did not m ... | 1978 | 80429 |
| atypical legionella-like organisms: fastidious water-associated bacteria pathogenic for man. | a group of related bacteria designated atypical legionella-like organisms (allo) has been identified. allo, like l. pneumophila, are fastidious gram-negative rods that grow well on charcoal yeast extract (cye) agar and produce ground glass colonies and browning of modified yeast extract agar. unlike l. pneumophila, allo do not grow well on feeley-gorman (fg) agar, and on cye agar they fluoresce under longwave ultraviolet light. allo and l. pneumophila have a similar predominance of branched-chai ... | 1979 | 91024 |
| investigation of the chemiluminescence associated with phagocytic and intracellular killing activity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes. | the chemiluminescence associated with phagocytic and intracellular killing activity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes was investigated. a significant, opsonization-dependent increase in photon emission of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes was observed induced by engulfment of opsonized, heat-killed and living fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae), aggregated gamma globulin, latex and india ink particles. mononuclear cells displayed only minimal enhancement of photon emissio ... | 1978 | 94028 |
| absence of mutagenicity of praziquantel, a new, effective, anti-schistosomal drug, in bacteria, yeasts, insects and mammalian cells. | praziquantel (embay 8440, droncit) a new, effective anti-schistosomal drug, was tested in various short-term assays that have shown a predictive value for the detection of potential carcinogens. indicator organisms s. typhimurium strains, s. pombe, s. cerevisiae, cultured v79 chinese hamster cells or human heteroploid cells and drosophila melanogaster were treated with praziquantel. the induction of reverse and forward mutations, mitotic gene conversions, x-linked recessive lethals, sister-chrom ... | 1978 | 106268 |
| effects of hyperbaric oxygen upon s. aureus, ps. aeruginosa and c. albicans. | numerous in vitro investigations have reported that prolonged, continuous hyperbaric oxygen (ohp) exposure to certain bacteria and yeast is bacteriostatic. while it is tempting to attribute the lower infection rates reported in ohp-treated patients to this bacteriostatic effect, the duration and intensity of ohp exposure in these experimental studies exceeds that of normal therapeutic use. this study was designed to investigate the effects of human ohp treatment protocols upon the in vitro growt ... | 1979 | 114160 |
| the occurrence of candida albicans in lake ontario bathing beaches. | there are inherent weaknesses associated with currently used bacterial fecal pollution indicator systems. fecal pollution indicator data would be more meaningful if supplemented with information relating to the occurrence of pathogens in recreational water. through surveys of four bathing beaches on lake ontario, it was established that the opportunistically pathogenic yeast candida albicans occurs in near shore waters. the beaches surveyed could be differentiated on the basis of bacterial fecal ... | 1979 | 120220 |
| the influence of amino acid substitutions on the conformational energy of cytochrome c. | conformational energies have been evaluated for each of the staggered side-chain conformations associated with the 261 amino acid substitutions known to occur among 60 eucaryotic species. at least 86% of these substitutions can be sterically accommodated (one at a time) within the structure of horse-heart cytochrome c resulting from conformational energy refinement. simultaneous incorporation of all pertinent amino acid substitutions found in eight representative species into the refined horse-h ... | 1975 | 169879 |
| the distribution of pyrophosphatidic acid in nature. | the occurrence of a novel phospholipid, pyrophosphatidic acid, in the lipid extracts of yeasts (23 species), bacteria (e. coli), algae (chlorella), mammalia (human, rabbit, guinea pig, and mouse), insect (cockroach), fish (carp), mollusc (clam), and spermatophyta (spinach) was investigated. pyrophosphatidic acid was found exclusively in the lipid extracts of several kinds of yeast species, but not in other normal living species (animals, plants, and microorganisms) so far investigated. all of th ... | 1975 | 175047 |
| a spin-label study of biological membranes with special emphasis on calcium-induced lateral phase separation. | | 1976 | 176878 |
| transfer of trnas to somatic cells mediated by sendai-virus-induced fusion. | trnas from yeast (trnaphe and 4s rna) and escherichia coli (suiii+ trnaityr) have been transferred to mouse cells by means of a two-step transfer procedure [loyter, zakai, and kulka (1975) j. cell biol. 66, 292-304; schlegel and rechsteiner (1975) cell 5, 371-379]. in the first stage of the transfer trnas were incorporated into rabbit red blood cells (rbcs). thereafter, the loaded erythrocytes were fused with recipient mouse cells by means of sendai virus. at least 0.3-0.4% of the total input of ... | 1976 | 183211 |
| characterization of a regulatory mutant of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in saccharomyces carlsbergensis. | the fdp mutation has been localized on the genome of saccharomyces carlsbergensis, on chromosome ii, between lys2 and tyr1, at a man distance of 31 centimorgan from lys2. since the fdp mutant does not grow on glucose, fructose, mannose and sucrose, hexose transport and a number of enzymes of carbon metabolism were tested, but no significant differences could be found between the wild type and the mutant. only the regulatory properties of glycogen synthetase are changed in the mutant, but it is d ... | 1977 | 197389 |
| the extracellular release of granulocyte collagenase and elastase during phagocytosis and inflammatory processes. | human granulocytes release 25-30% of the granular neutral proteases, collagenase and elastase, to the exterior of the cell during phagocytosis of yeast cells or immune complexes. similar amounts of myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin are released. crossed immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated that collagenase and elastase released extracellularly formed complexes with serum alpha1-antitrypsin. the presence of alpha1-antitrypsin complexes with granulocyte collagenase and elastase were also demonstrated ... | 1977 | 197589 |
| identification of amber and ochre mutants of the human virus ad2+nd1. | although human adenoviruses grow poorly in monkey cells, this defect can be overcome either by coinfection of cells with simian virus 40 (sv40) or by insertion of the relevant portion of the sv40 genome into the adenovirus genome to form an adenovirus-sv40 hybrid virus. the nondefective adenovirus-2-sv40 hybrid virus, ad2+nd1, contains an insertion of 17% of the sv40 genome, which codes for at least part of a 30,000 dalton protein. a set of ad2+nd1 host-range mutants that have lost the ability t ... | 1977 | 200921 |
| five tga "stop" codons occur within the translated sequence of the yeast mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase subunit ii. | a mitochondrial mutation that genetically maps in the middle of the gene coding cytochrome c oxidase subunit ii has been found to be a single-base-pair deletion. three independently isolated spontaneous revertants of this mutant have different single-base-pair insertions within 15 nucleotides of the mutation. these findings clearly identify the location of the gene and suggest that the mutation causes a frame-shift. the sequence of about 900 base pairs surrounding the mutation has been determine ... | 1979 | 230513 |
| demonstration of specific c5a receptor on intact human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | human c5a, a complement-derived anaphylatoxin, is a potent mediator of human leukocyte chemotaxis. using a homogeneous preparation of c5a that was 125i-labeled, we have demonstrated the presence of a specific cellular receptor for this glycoprotein on intact human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. cellular uptake of the radiolabeled ligand occurred rapidly and the rate of dissociation was extremely slow. cellular binding was saturable with respect to 125i-labeled c5a, and half-saturation occurred at ... | 1978 | 279010 |
| development of resistance to amphotericin b in candida lusitaniae infecting a human. | candida lusitaniae associated with infection in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia developed resistance to amphotericin b during systemic treatment of the patient. the organism, when isolated initially, was inhibited by 0.31 mug of amphotericin b per ml in yeast nitrogen base agar, but when isolated (20 days later) just antemortem and postmortem, required 100 and 50 mug/ml, respectively, for complete inhibition at 48 h. | 1979 | 290351 |
| studies on the mechanism of action of halofenate. | this paper reviews most of the clinical studies on the mode of action of halofenate, an established hypolipidemichypouricemic agent in man. in yeast cutlures and in isolated rat adipocytes, halofenate was found to inhibit the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coa. while pyruvate dehydrogenase was inhibited in vitro, halofenate also inhibited the activety of various other isolated enzymes. in rats maintained on halofenate in the diet (0.02-0.10%) for 2-14 days, there were 20-40% decreases in plasm ... | 1977 | 319318 |
| serum complement-like opsonic activities in human, animal, vegetable, and proprietary milks. | human, animal, proprietary, and soy milks are comparable to human serum c5 in opsonization of baker's yeast. bovine milk and human serum opsonically reconstitute c5-deficient mouse serum. such reconstitution is selectively inhibited by antiserum to human c5. further characterization suggests that bovine milk contains material structurally and functionally similar, but not identical, to human c5. | 1977 | 323975 |
| characteristics of the phagocytic process assessed by coulter counter. | the phagocytosis in suspensions of heat-killed yeast cells, saccharomyces cerevisiae, by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes was studied in vitro by means of an electronic particle counter, the coulter counter, and a 100-channel pulse-height analyzer, the channelyzer. the two cell populations were separated from each other electronically by the channelyzer. phagocytosis was recorded as disappearence of yeast cells. concomitantly, aggregation and swelling of the pmn-cells were observed, which incr ... | 1977 | 327754 |
| kinetics of phagocytosis and intracellular killing of candida albicans by human granulocytes and monocytes. | the study of the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of candida albicans by granulocytes and monocytes has been hampered by the budding and pseudomycelium formation of this yeast during a relatively short incubation period at 37 degrees c and by the similar density of candida cells and phagocytes, which makes differential centrifugation impossible. in the present study, c. albicans was used after 5 days of preculture at 30 degrees c, after which the number of candida cells remained constant d ... | 1977 | 330404 |
| hemagglutination of human group a erythrocytes by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from adults with diarrhea: correlation with colonization factor. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) of several different serotypes isolated from adults with diarrhea and known to possess the colonization factor antigen (cfa) were found to cause mannose-resistant hemagglutination (ha) of human group a erythrocytes. cfa-negative e. coli isolated during the same study did not possess the mannose-resistant hemagglutinin, although some non-etec, cfa-negative isolates did exhibit mannose-sensitive ha activity. the mannoseresistant hemagglutinin of etec was fou ... | 1977 | 336541 |
| [diagnosis of candida albicans mycosis in gynaecology by the germ tube test (author's transl)]. | experience with the germ tube test for the diagnosis of candida mycosis in gynaecology and dermatology is reported. candida albicans forms germ tubes in human serum and other culture media at 37 degrees c within 2 to 3 hours. if the initial culture grows yeast, the germ tube test permits the exact identification of the yeast as candida albicans within three to five hours. the specificity of the test is approximately 99%. of 3270 samples 934 grew yeast and 742 were candida albicans by the germ tu ... | 1978 | 342332 |
| [antibody monstration in blastomyces infections]. | the evidence of humoral antibodies against yeasts can be a valuable help in the diagnosis of such infections. it is however necessary to use several sensitive methods, which complete one another in the detection of the different immunoglobulins. in the interpretation of the results the titer dynamic is decisive, especially in those patients whose antibody answer is suppressed by their disease and/or their therapeutic treatment. in most of the yeast infections candida albicans can be used as anti ... | 1978 | 342449 |
| [phagocytosis of saccharomyces cerevisiae in man: technics and characteristics]. | | 1978 | 349623 |
| adherence of candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells. | the adherence of candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells after 2 h at 37 degrees c was significantly greater in human saliva than in phosphate-buffered saline. in saliva, viable fungi adhered much better than did nonviable fungi, and this adherence was greater at 37 than at 25 degrees c. viable yeasts, preincubated in saliva for 90 min at 37 degrees c before being washed and mixed with epithelial cells in phosphate-buffered saline, adhered better than nonviable yeasts or yeasts preincu ... | 1978 | 361571 |
| implications of rna-rna splicing in evolution of eukaryotic cells. | the differences in the biochemistry of messenger rna formation in eukaryotes compared to prokaryotes are so profound as to suggest that sequential prokaryotic to eukaryotic cell evolution seems unlikely. the recently discovered noncontiguous sequences in eukaryotic dna that encode messenger rna may reflect an ancient, rather than a new, distribution of information in dna and that eukaryotes evolved independently of prokaryotes. | 1978 | 364651 |
| mutagenicity of industrial compounds. vii. styrene and styrene oxide: ii. point mutations, chromosome aberrations and dna repair induction analyses. | the possible genetic effects produced by styrene have been investigated by means of different methodologies in several biological organisms: (a) the induction of point mutation has been investigated in salmonella typhimurium (reverse mutation), in the yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe (forward mutation), both in vitro and in vivo, in the host-mediated assay of mice, and in the chinese hamster cell line grown in vitro (v-79) (forward mutation); (b) the induction of chromosome mutation has been inve ... | 1978 | 366743 |
| energy-related pollutants in the environment: use of short-term tests for mutagenicity in the isolation and identification of biohazards. | in an effort to gather information on the potential genetic hazards of existing or proposed energy-generating or -conversion systems, we have begun a correlated analytical and genetic analysis of a number of technologies. the work is divided into two phases: one deals with known compounds expected to occur in the environment through energy production, conversion, or use; the other deals with actual samples from existing or experimental processes. to approach the problems of coping with and testi ... | 1978 | 367762 |
| on the incidence of yeast species from human sources in finland. ii. yeasts from vaginal discharge. | | 1978 | 368625 |
| factors affecting isolation and identification of haemophilus vaginalis (corynebacterium vaginale). | the rate of isolation of organisms resembling haemophilus vaginalis (corynebacterium vaginale) from vaginal specimens was not significantly affected by anaerobic versus carbon dioxide incubation atmospheres or whether specimens were inoculated on isolation media immediately after collection or after a delay of 6 h. forty-one clinically isolated strains were provisionally divided into 30 h. vaginalis strains and 11 h. vaginalis-like (hvl) strains based on morphological and growth characteristics. ... | 1979 | 372217 |
| characteristics of individual polymorphonuclear leucocyte motility obtained with a new opto-electronic method. | an opto-electronic device has been used for a quantitative assessment of the motility of individual polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl) adhering to a glass cover slip. one of the oculars in a phase contrast microscope is provided with a mini-array of 32 x 32 light-sensitive elements. these are connected to an electronic unit, capable of recording the number of light-intensity changes on each element and of visualizing the path of a cell on an oscilloscope screen, as a pattern of dots. the result ... | 1979 | 379979 |
| phagocytosis and intracellular killing of pathogenic yeasts by human monocytes and neutrophils. | the kinetics of phagocytosis and killing of four fungal forms with varying virulence by two types of phagocytic cells was examined. human monocytes ingested saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, and the blastospores of candida albicans more rapidly than did human neutrophils. there was no difference in the rate of phagocytosis of c. albicans pseudohyphae by these two cell types. intracellular killing of each of the four fungal forms was consistently and significantly more rapid by monocy ... | 1979 | 381207 |
| rapid in vitro capsule production by cryptococci. | four agar media (blood, corn meal, chocolate, and sabouraud's) and four liquid media (brain-heart infusion broth, one percent peptone broth, pooled human serum, and lyophilized rabbit coagulase plasma) were evaluated for their ability to enhance the production of capsules from four strains of cryptococcus yeast within 48 hours at 25c and 35c. the yeast in serum and plasma was washed with distilled water prior to india ink preparation in order to prevent precipitation of the ink. the rabbit coagu ... | 1979 | 382848 |
| opsonization of cryptococcus neoformans by human immunoglobulin g: role of immunoglobulin g in phagocytosis by macrophages. | the role of immunoglobulin g (igg) as an opsonin in phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages was investigated. labeling with 125i showed that igg isolated from normal human serum bound to non-encapsulated c. neoformans. furthermore, igg-opsonized cryptococci were agglutinated by anti-serum to igg heavy chains, indicating that normal human serum contains antibody that will bind to the yeast surface. the igg isolated from normal serum accounted for all opsonizing activity found in no ... | 1979 | 383614 |
| identification of a neutrophil chemotactic inhibitor in a patient with recurrent pyoderma. | host defense mechanisms were studied in a patient with recurrent pyoderma of the scalp. evaluation of the patient's inflammatory response demonstrated normal yeast phagocytosis, normal capillary tube migration, normal results from a nitroblue tetrazolium dye test, and significantly decreased neutrophil chemotactic response (nc). the impaired nc was associated with a heat labile plasma inhibitor. chromatography of the patient's and of normal human plasma demonstrated three distinct protein peaks. ... | 1979 | 434868 |
| [methods of identifying carcinogenic factors in medication, food and cosmetics]. | the removal of carconogenic factors would be a most efficient measure to prevent cancer. as far as known chemicals are concerned, every effort is made to avert them, or at least to reduce the exposure to such compounds, but is necessary to detect unknown chemicals, especially those, drugs and foodstuffs for example, to which large populations are exposed. giving suspected chemicals to laboratory animals is a standard carcinogenicity test. studies of the carcinogenicity of unknown chemicals in an ... | 1979 | 495385 |
| assay for free and total choline activity in biological fluids and tissues of rats and man with torulopsis pintolopessi. | the sensitive, specific growth response to choline activity of the thermophilic enteric yeast torulopsis pintolopessi enables estimation of free and bound choline activity in rat and human fluids and tissues- as little as 10 ng/ml of choline is measurable. unlike other microbial assays, estimation of unbound (free) choline activity is not influenced by methionine or phospholipids. the method also distinguishes differences in choline activity of fluids and tissues from choline-deficient and choli ... | 1978 | 564602 |
| identification of an antibiotic-producing bacterium from the human intestinal tract and characterization of its antimicrobial product. | an antibiotic-producing bacterium repeatedly isolated from human feces was characterized by standard bacteriological methods. the bacterium is a gram-positive bacillus possessing morphological and physiological features similar to those of bacillus subtilis, except that it lacks temperature-resistant spore formation and has peritrichous flagella. the cell-free antibiotic produced by the organism in vitro was effective against some gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and yeast in minimum inh ... | 1978 | 626495 |
| the determination of thiamin pyrophosphate in blood and other tissues, and its correlation with erythrocyte transketolase activity. | a sensitive method for the specific measurement of thiamin pyrophosphate (tpp) has been developed using the apoenzyme recombination concept. yeast pyruvic decarboxylase apoenzyme can be reconstituted by the addition of tpp or samples containing tpp, yielding the holoenzyme with activity proportionate to the amount of tpp added. using this technique, reaction mixtures containing 0.2 to 1.5 ng tpp can be assayed. normal human erythrocyte tpp ranges from 50 to 150 ng per ml packed cells. when rats ... | 1978 | 627916 |
| transfer of bovine j-blood-group determinant onto erythrocytes: isolation and identification of a blocker. | the bovine j-blood-group determinant is transferred from a serum glycoprotein to an erythrocyte membrane lipid by incubation in vitro. this transfer is inhibited by a lipid (called 'blocker') occurring in bovine and human serum, in other bovine and human tissues, yeast and plant tissues. the blocker was isolated from bovine spleen and identified as phosphatidylserine. moreover, phosphatidylinositol acts as a blocker, while a variety of other phospholipids, glycosphingolipids and neutral lipids h ... | 1978 | 631135 |
| [acute pulmonary histoplasomis. 1st findings in czechoslovakia]. | a 57-year-old man, who for many years was treated for a pleomorphic lymphoma with cytotoxic drugs and x-ray therapy, died from the generalized tumor process. at autopsy, an extraordinary finding was found in form of acute pulmonary mycosts, which histologically appears to be histoplasmosis. culture was not attempted, but the diagnosis is based on morphology, both of the organism proper and its intracellular location, and on results obtained by immunofluorescence studies. in numerous pulmonary ve ... | 1978 | 699107 |
| evaluation of mannich bases and related compounds as inhibitors of mitochondrial function in yeast and inhibition of blood platelet aggregation, blood clotting, and in vitro metabolism of 5-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1-penten-3-one hydrochloride. | dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1-penten-3-one hydrochloride (ia) and 32 analogs were tested for inhibition of respiratory-dependent growth in saccharomyces cerevisiae. thirteen of the 33 compounds tested appeared to affect mitochondrial function, since the inhibition of respiratory-dependent growth was statistically greater than the inhibition of growth on fermentable energy sources. inhibition of mitochondrial function in yeast and growth inhibition of an in vitro culture of human epidermoid carcinoma ... | 1976 | 775052 |
| interactions between econazole, a broad-spectrum antimicrobic substance, and topically active glucocorticoids. | econazole is a broad-spectrum antimicrobic substance which acts by permeabilizing the cell membranes. glucocorticoids by their surface activity may counteract this effect by protecting the cell membranes. in fact, a protective action of glucocorticoids in high concentrations against econazole nitrate could be demonstrated in yeasts, not in staphylococci. the techniques applied were the warburg assays (resting yeasts, resting and proliferating bacteria). the elicitation of a blanching reaction on ... | 1976 | 791715 |
| freeze-fracture ultrastructural alterations induced by filipin, pimaricin, nystatin and amphotericin b in the plasmia membranes of epidermophyton, saccharomyces and red complex-induced membrane lesions. | the effects of chemically different polyenes on fungal membranes (epidermaphyton floccosum, a human pathogenic fungus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human red blood cell membranes were studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy in order to elucidate the interaction of these antibiotics with ergosterol. each type of neutral, small amphoteric and large amphoteric polyenes produces a distinct morphoneutral, small amphoteric and large amphoteric polyenes produces a distinct morphological eff ... | 1976 | 793632 |
| a simplified hyaluronic acid based culture medium for mycobacteria isolated from human lepromata. | acid-fast bacilli multiplied in liquid culture media containing hyaluronic acid when inoculated with mycobacteria from a lepromatous leprosy nodule. the culture was readily subcultured at ten day intervals in the homologue media, but failed to grow in the dubos, middlebrook and lowenstein media. these findings confirm the results of skinsnes et al (1975). identification of this culture is not yet available, however it gives positive immunofluorescence with authentic anti-m. leprae serum. the obt ... | 1976 | 798728 |
| immunochemical studies on l-rhamno-d-mannans of sporothrix schenckii and related fungi by use of rabbit and human antisera. | antisera were prepared in rabbits against the human pathogenic yeast sporothrix schenckii (strain 1099.12) grown at two different temperatures (25 degrees and 37 degrees). precipitation and inhibition data showed that the former serum had a specificity directed against alpha-l-rhap-(1 yields 2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1 yields 3)-d-man-(1 yields determinants, whereas the latter had a broad specificity in which alpha-l-rhamnosyl or alpha-l-rhap-(1 yields 3)-d-man- was the immunodominant structure. these re ... | 1975 | 804993 |
| general criteria for assessing the evidence for carcinogenicity of chemical substances: report of the subcommittee on environmental carcinogenesis, national cancer advisory board. | the evaluation of the potential human hazards of a given agent must be individualized in terms of the chemical and metabolic aspects of the agent, its intended use, and the data available at the time. an agent is carcinogenic in man if it increases the incidence of malignant neoplasms, or a combination of benign and malignant neoplasms in humans to levels that are significantly higher than those in a comparable group not exposed to the agent. types of evidence suggesting that an agent is carci ... | 1977 | 851453 |
| severe generalized glutathione reductase deficiency after antitumor chemotherapy with bcnu" [1,3-bis(chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea]. | patients receiving bcnu [1,3-bis(2 chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea] acquire a profound deficiency of erythrocytic oxidized glutathione reductase (gssg-r) within minutes after the first intravenous injection of a single therapeutic dose (75 mg/m.2) of the drug. this effect is not accompanied by changes in the activites of 19 additional erythrocytic enzymes tested, is reproducible in vitro in a dose-related manner, and is not caused by the antitumor agents administered concurrently with the nitrosourea ... | 1977 | 870569 |
| affinity labeling of human serum prealbumin with n-bromoacetyl-l-thyroxine. | affinity labeling of human serum prealbumin with n-bromoacetyl-l-thyroxine (bract4) was used to investigate the binding domain for l-thyroxine (t4) on prealbumin. fluorescence titration with 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate revealed a strong and a weak binding site for bract4 (k1 = 1 x 10(8) m-1; k2 = 1 x 10(6) m-1). the reaction of bract4 with prealbumin to form a covalent bond was inhibited in the presence of t4 and binding of t4 to prealbumin was nearly abolished after affinity labeling with ... | 1977 | 893396 |
| crystalline 3-phospho-d-glycerate kinase from horse muscle. | phosphoglycerate kinase has been isolated in crystalline form from horse muscle. a convenient isolation procedure is described that yields homogeneous enzyme of specific activity 700 units/mg (30 degrees c). the enzyme is monomeric, and has a molecular weight 47 000. of the eight cysteine residues in the protein, two react rapidly with nbs21 with the concomitant loss of the catalytic activity. since the isolation of phosphoglycerate kinase from yeast (bücher, 1955) there have been several report ... | 1976 | 985698 |
| effect of sodium-salicylate on the function of cultured, human mononuclear cells. | the in vitro effect of na-salicylate on some functions of human mononuclear cells was studied. in therapeutical concentrations the drug was found to interfere both the function of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. na-salicylate in concentrations of 400-800 mug/ml slightly inhibited the digestion of yeast particles. when the drug was present in the culture medium in doses above 160 mug/ml during the cell differentiation period from 90 minutes to the 8th day of culture, a reduction in the num ... | 1976 | 998271 |
| [temperature dependence of the sedimentation velocity of human erythrocytes]. | the sedimentation velocity of yeast cells and human erythrocytes as a function of temperature was studied in a range from 6 degrees c to 40 degrees c. whereas this function for yeast cells can be described by an exponential function the measurements with erythorcytes show minima at 10 degrees c and 20 degrees c, respectively, and maxima at 13 degrees c and 38 degrees c. changes of the density or the shape of the cells cannot be the reason for these effects. viscosity measurements on erythrocyte ... | 1976 | 1020570 |
| isolation of blastomyces dermatitidis from pigeon manure. | we recently diagnosed and treated a 45-year-old white male horticulturist with acute progressive blastomycosis. epidemiologic studies revealed that the patient used a load of pigeon manure as fertilizer approximately 6 weeks before becoming ill. he used the pigeon manure only once, resealed the remainder, and stored it in his hothouse. samples of the pigeon guano were digested with 10 per cent koh, and the characteristic yeast forms of blastomyces dermatitidis were seen in large numbers. the fun ... | 1976 | 1034455 |
| hereditary deficiency of the seventh component of complement. | deficiency of the seventh component of complement has been found in the serum of a 42-yr-old caucasian woman who has raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia. partial deficiency was found in the serum of the patient's parents and children, indicating a pattern of inheritance of autosomal codominance. transfusion experiments indicated that exogenous c7 had a 91-h halk-life in the patient. there was no evidence for c7 synthesis after transfusion. no c7 inhibitors were detected in th ... | 1975 | 1099121 |
| [newer antimycotics. i. derivatives of phenyl-hydrazine (author's transl)]. | the author produced a number of derivatives of phenyl-hydrazine and its analogues, investigated their antimicrobial efficiency in vitro, and discussed the association of chemical structure with the fungistatic effect in the series of phenyl-hydrazine-derivatives. from the author's results it can be concluded that the halogen-substituted phenyl-hydrazines and their n-(acetyl)-derivatives exert a moderate fungistatic effect (tab. 1). in the series of n-aryl-sulphonyl-n'-phenyl-hydrazines only the ... | 1975 | 1099848 |
| wound infection by prototheca wickerhamii, a saprophytic alga pathogenic for man. | biopsy of a wound infection of the palmar fascia in a young diabetic woman revealed characteristic periodic acid-schiff-positive prototheca species cells with a rosette configuration and internal septation. prototheca wickerhamii was cultured repeatedly from the wound drainage and the biopsy tissue. several diagnostic features distinguishing prototheca species, saprophytic algae, from yeasts are: the formation of endospores by mitosis; greater variation in cell size (2 to 15 mum); the presence o ... | 1975 | 1225929 |
| the influence of d-penicillamine on enzymatic activities: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. correlation with serum levels measured in humans. | the influence of d-penicillamine on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of yeast (pure enzyme), human hemolysate, and human skin homogenate were determined. in high concentrations, d-penicillamine inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (concentrations above 6.7 mmol/l, i. e. l g/l). in low concentrations, d-penicilliamine exerts an indirect influence by removing some inhibiting metal ions, such as zinc. in human skin homogenates, an activating action of d-penicillamine on glucose-6-ph ... | 1976 | 1271018 |
| saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a homolog of human fkbp-13, a membrane-associated fk506/rapamycin binding protein. | fkb2 encodes a homolog of human fkbp-13, a membrane-associated binding protein for the immunosuppressants fk506 and rapamycin. fkb2 is located on the right arm of chromosome iv and contains an open reading frame of 135 amino acids, of which the first 17 residues comprise a putative hydrophobic leader peptide. yeast fkbp-13 is homologous to human fkbp-13 (52% amino acid identity) and to fkbp-12, the major cytosolic receptor for fk506. in the alignment of fkbp-13 and fkbp-12 sequences, there are 2 ... | 1992 | 1279908 |
| properties of a recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis b surface antigen containing s, pres2 and pres1 antigenic domains. | yeast cells have been engineered to express mixed hbsag particles containing the s and a modified large (l*) protein. their construction resulted in reduced protease sensitivity, reduced glycosylation and complete inactivation of the polymerized human albumin binding site. the particles exposed the s, pres1 and pres2 antigenic determinants and induced an immune response against the three domains. highly purified preparations have been obtained and are presently being tested in human volunteers. | 1992 | 1280502 |
| expression of antisense or sense rna of an ankyrin repeat-containing gene blocks chloroplast differentiation in arabidopsis. | the arabidopsis akr gene that encodes a protein with four ankyrin repeats (a 33-amino acid motif that appears in the 89k domain of the human protein ankyrin) was isolated and characterized. a short sequence outside the ankyrin repeats is similar to that of the protein of the drosophila muscle segment homeobox (msh) gene. the expression of the akr gene is light dependent, and transgenic arabidopsis plants with two or more copies of an antisense or sense akr construct became chlorotic in a develop ... | 1992 | 1281700 |
| identification of region-specific yeast artificial chromosomes using pools of alu element-mediated polymerase chain reaction probes labeled via linear amplification. | the ability to identify large numbers of yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) specific to any given genomic region rapidly and efficiently enhances both the construction of clone maps and the isolation of region-specific landmarks (e.g., polymorphic markers). we describe a method of preparing region-specific single-stranded hybridization probes from alu element-mediated polymerase chain reaction (alu-pcr) products of somatic cell hybrids for yac library screening. pools of up to 50 cloned alu-pcr ... | 1992 | 1285809 |
| activation of human complement system paracoccidioides brasiliensis and its deposition on the yeast form cell surface. | the yeast form of paracoccidioides brasiliensis strain pb18 was able to activate c3 of normal human serum diluted in phosphate-buffered saline or egta-mgcl2 in vitro. c3 convertase was also permissive when pb18 cells were pre-treated with a pool of immune serum from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and incubated in serum diluted in edta-cacl2. the components c3, and fragments c3c, c3d, c3g, factor h, factor b, c4 and c5b-9 were demonstrated on the pb18 cell surface by immunofluorescence alth ... | 1992 | 1287168 |
| [expression of recombinant human hemoglobin]. | the well recognized prevalence of infectious agents in products derived from human whole blood and the increasing number of transfusion-transmitted diseases has made urgent the search for a safe alternative to conventional blood transfusion. sources of hemoglobin (hb) different from outdated human bank blood are under active scrutiny in several laboratories. different approaches have been proposed to produce recombinant human hb in bacteria (e. coli), yeast (s. cerevisiae) and transgenic mammals ... | 1992 | 1288539 |
| reconstruction of the 2.4 mb human dmd-gene by homologous yac recombination. | the human dystrophin gene, mutations of which cause duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy, measures 2.4 mb. this size seriously limits its cloning as a single dna fragment and subsequent in-vitro expression studies. we have used stepwise in-vivo recombination between overlapping yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) to reconstruct the dystrophin gene. the recombinant yacs are mitotically stable upon propagation in haploid yeast cells. in contrast, specific combinations of yacs display a remarkabl ... | 1992 | 1301131 |
| beginning or end? telomere structure, genetics and biology. | the word telomere derives from the greek word telos meaning 'end', roughly translating as 'the thing at the end' when the end is that of a chromosome. telomeres belie their apparent simplicity of structure by being involved in a wide range of diverse biological phenomena. much of our understanding of telomere behaviour comes from studies in lower eukaryotes such as ciliates and yeast, the subject of many recent reviews. here we concentrate on the mammalian telomere, recent progress in its study, ... | 1992 | 1301133 |
| a yac contig in xp21 containing the adrenal hypoplasia congenita and glycerol kinase deficiency genes. | the gene loci for adrenal hypoplasia congenita (ahc) and glycerol kinase deficiency (gk) map in xp21 distal to duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd), and proximal to dxs28 (c7), by analysis of patient deletions. we have constructed a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) contig encompassing a 1.2 mb region extending distally from dmd, and containing dxs708 (jc-1), the distal junction clone of a patient with gk and dmd. a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis map of the yac contig identified 3 potential cpg i ... | 1992 | 1301166 |
| pathogenic fungi in human dwellings. | airborne invasive fungal infections in various risk groups of people suffering from immunodeficiencies are an increasing problem for modern medicine. because of the acute and rapid course of invasive infections, prevention is of principal significance. such prevention mainly concerns the control of fungal spores in indoor air. in this connection the immediate environment offering ecological niches for growth and morphogenesis of infective particles of aspergillus spp., mucoraceae, cryptococcus n ... | 1992 | 1302800 |
| characterization of a yeast artificial chromosome contig spanning the huntington's disease gene candidate region. | the huntington's disease (hd) gene has been localized by recombination events to a region covering 2.2 megabases (mb) dna within chromosome 4p16.3. we have screened three yeast artificial chromosome (yac) libraries in order to isolate and characterize 44 yac clones mapping to this region. approximately 50% of the yacs were chimaeric. unstable yacs were identified across the whole region, but were particularly prevalent around the d4s183 and d4s43 loci. the yacs have been assembled into a contig ... | 1992 | 1303232 |
| isolation of chromosome 21-specific yeast artificial chromosomes from a total human genome library. | a new approach for the isolation of chromosome-specific subsets from a human genomic yeast artificial chromosome (yac) library is described. it is based on the hybridization with an alu polymerase chain reaction (pcr) probe. we screened a 1.5 genome equivalent yac library of megabase insert size with alu pcr products amplified from hybrid cell lines containing human chromosome 21, and identified a subset of 63 clones representative of this chromosome. the majority of clones were assigned to chro ... | 1992 | 1303240 |
| coexpression of human camp-specific phosphodiesterase activity and high affinity rolipram binding in yeast. | studies by various investigators have demonstrated that the low km, camp-specific phosphodiesterase (pde iv) is selectively inhibited by a group of compounds typified by rolipram and ro 20-1724. in addition to inhibiting the catalytic activity of pde iv, rolipram binds to a high affinity binding site present in brain homogenates. although it has been assumed that the high affinity rolipram-binding site is pde iv, no direct evidence has been produced to support this assumption. the present studie ... | 1992 | 1309798 |
| a major palmitoylated membrane protein of human erythrocytes shows homology to yeast guanylate kinase and to the product of a drosophila tumor suppressor gene. | | 1992 | 1310897 |
| a mouse cdc25 homolog is differentially and developmentally expressed. | the timing and activation of the p34cdc2 kinase in mammals is associated with dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine and phosphothreonine residues on the p34cdc2 kinase. for fission yeast, the timing of mitosis is regulated by cyclic accumulation of cdc25, which promotes dephosphorylation of p34cdc2 and concomitant protein kinase activation. we report the identification and characterization of a structural and functional mouse homolog, cdc25m2, of the cdc25 phosphatase. cdc25m2 shows high sequence ... | 1992 | 1313771 |
| ssl2, a suppressor of a stem-loop mutation in the his4 leader encodes the yeast homolog of human ercc-3. | reversion of haploid, his4- yeast containing a stem-loop mutation in the 5' utr that blocks his4 translation initiation identified four unlinked suppressor genes, ssl1-ssl4, which restore his4+ expression. the ssl2 gene encodes an essential 95 kd protein with atp-dependent helicase motifs. ssl2 protein is 54% identical to the protein encoded by the human gene, ercc-3, for which a defective form causes xeroderma pigmentosum and cockayne's syndrome. an ssl2 allele made to resemble the defective er ... | 1992 | 1318786 |
| polymerase chain reactions using saccharomyces, drosophila and human dna predict a large family of protein serine/threonine phosphatases. | using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to examine the protein serine/threonine phosphatase (pp) family which includes pp1, pp2a and pp2b, we have identified two, seven, and four novel protein phosphatase genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae, drosophila melanogaster and homo sapiens, respectively. consequently, the genes in the pp1/pp2a/pp2b family now number 11, 15 and 12 in these species respectively, and the data predicts still more unidentified phosphatases in higher eukaryotes. the pcr analy ... | 1992 | 1321058 |
| human chromosomal localization of genes encoding the gamma 1 and gamma 2 subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor indicates that members of this gene family are often clustered in the genome. | the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptors are the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the brain and the site of action of a number of important pharmacological agents including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and ethanol. the gamma 1 and gamma 2 subunits have been shown to be important in mediating responses to benzodiazepines, and a splicing variant of the gamma 2 subunit, gamma 2l, has been shown to be necessary for ethanol actions on the receptor, raising the possibility that the ... | 1992 | 1321425 |
| vaccinia virus encodes four putative dna and/or rna helicases distantly related to each other. | computer-assisted analysis of the amino acid sequences of vaccinia virus proteins containing the purine ntp-binding pattern revealed the seven motifs typical of the dna (rna) helicase superfamily ii in the proteins i8r and a18r. together with the previously described putative helicases d6r and d11l, the number of putative helicases of this superfamily encoded by the genome of vaccinia virus now reaches four. aside from the helicase motifs, the sequences of i8r and a18r showed no strong similarit ... | 1992 | 1321883 |
| isolation and characterization of cox12, the nuclear gene for a previously unrecognized subunit of saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome c oxidase. | we have cloned and sequenced cox12, the nuclear gene for subunit vib of saccharomyces cerevisiae cytochrome c oxidase. this subunit, which was previously not found in cytochrome c oxidase purified from s. cerevisiae, has a deduced amino acid sequence which is 41% identical to the sequences of subunits vib of bovine and human cytochrome c oxidases. the chromosomal copy of cox12 was replaced with a plasmid-derived copy of cox12, in which the coding region for the suspected cytochrome oxidase subun ... | 1992 | 1331057 |
| isolation and characterization of goldfish cdk2, a cognate variant of the cell cycle regulator cdc2. | this paper reports the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the goldfish cdk2, a cognate variant of the cell cycle regulator cdc2. the predicted protein sequence shows strong homology to the other known cdk2 (88% for xenopus and 90% for human). a monoclonal antibody against the c-terminal sequence of goldfish cdk2 recognized a 34-kda protein in extracts from various goldfish tissues. the protein level was high in such tissues as testis and ovary containing actively dividing cells. pr ... | 1992 | 1339336 |
| cloning and analysis of a candida maltosa gene which confers resistance to formaldehyde in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a gene (fdh1) of candida maltosa which confers resistance to formaldehyde in saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. the gene has a single intron which possesses the highly conserved splicing signals found in s. cerevisiae introns. we demonstrated that processing of the pre-mrna of the cloned gene occurred identically in both s. cerevisiae and c. maltosa. the predicted amino acid sequence from the cloned gene showed 65.5% identity to human alcohol dehydrogenas ... | 1992 | 1339376 |
| molecular cloning and functional expression of cdna encoding a mammalian inorganic pyrophosphatase. | extracts of soluble proteins from bovine retina contain multiple species of inorganic pyrophosphatase (ppase) that can be resolved by hydroxylapatite or ion exchange chromatography. we have purified one of these isoforms by a combination of chromatography and electrophoresis under denaturing conditions and have partially sequenced four peptides generated from it by cnbr digestion. this sequence information was used to clone ppase cdna from a retinal cdna library. of five cdna inserts, three were ... | 1992 | 1339444 |
| ssl1, a suppressor of a his4 5'-utr stem-loop mutation, is essential for translation initiation and affects uv resistance in yeast. | the ssl1 locus was identified as a trans-acting suppressor that restores his4 expression despite a stem-loop structure in the 5'-utr. ssl1 encodes an essential protein of 52 kd with features characteristic of a protein with multiple zinc fingers. the mechanism of ssl1 suppression is not related to altering his4 transcription or removing the stem-loop sequence from the 5'-utr; rather, 3- to 5-fold increases in his4 translational expression are observed indicating a post-transcriptional mechanism ... | 1992 | 1340463 |
| convergence in ascospore discharge mechanism among pyrenomycete fungi based on 18s ribosomal rna gene sequence. | fungi of the class pyrenomycetes (ascomycotina) form a morphological series ranging from those that shoot ascospores (sexual spores) forcibly from the ascus (spore sac) to fungi that ooze ascospores or have no obvious mechanism for ascospore release. did forcible ascospore discharge evolve within these pyrenomycetes, or has it been lost in the group? we determined the sequences of the 18s ribosomal rna gene from three fungi and used these, along with six sequences from our previous work and thre ... | 1992 | 1342925 |
| o-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides from peptidorhamnomannans of sporothrix schenckii. | beta-elimination of peptidorhamnomannans purified from yeast-like and mycelial phases of sporothrix schenckii released neutral and acidic reduced oligosaccharides that were o linked to serine and/or threonine. man-(alpha 1-2)man-ol, rha(alpha 1-3)man(alpha 1-2)man-ol, rha(alpha 1-4)glca(alpha 1-2)man(alpha 1-2)man-ol, and rha(alpha 1-4)[rha(alpha 1-2)] glca(alpha 1-2)man(alpha 1-2)man-ol were characterized based on methylation analysis, proton magnetic resonance and fast atom bombardment mass sp ... | 1992 | 1344711 |
| identification of replication factor c from saccharomyces cerevisiae: a component of the leading-strand dna replication complex. | a number of proteins have been isolated from human cells on the basis of their ability to support dna replication in vitro of the simian virus 40 (sv40) origin of dna replication. one such protein, replication factor c (rfc), functions with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna), replication protein a (rpa), and dna polymerase delta to synthesize the leading strand at a replication fork. to determine whether these proteins perform similar roles during replication of dna from origins in ce ... | 1992 | 1346062 |
| brahma: a regulator of drosophila homeotic genes structurally related to the yeast transcriptional activator snf2/swi2. | the brahma (brm) gene is required for the activation of multiple homeotic genes in drosophila. loss-of-function brm mutations suppress mutations in polycomb, a repressor of homeotic genes, and cause developmental defects similar to those arising from insufficient expression of the homeotic genes of the antennapedia and bithorax complexes. the brm gene encodes a 1638 residue protein that is similar to snf2/swi2, a protein involved in transcriptional activation in yeast, suggesting possible models ... | 1992 | 1346755 |
| anonymous markers located on chromosome 6 in the hla-a class i region: allelic distribution in genetic haemochromatosis. | two yeast artificial chromosomes of the hla class i region were subcloned. four of the subclones studied displayed restriction polymorphisms that corresponded to six bi-allelic series. allelic distribution of the anonymous markers was then studied by comparing a control population with a group of patients with familial haemochromatosis. only one marker presents an unequivocal association with the haemochromatosis gene and is 100 kb centromeric to hla-a. this association however is not as strong ... | 1992 | 1349563 |
| the bromodomain: a conserved sequence found in human, drosophila and yeast proteins. | | 1992 | 1350857 |
| identification of a processed protein related to the human chaperonins (hsp 60) protein in mammalian kidney. | the chaperonin family of proteins, which includes groel protein of e. coli, yeast heat shock protein (hsp-60) and the ribulose-1-5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubis co.) subunit binding protein of plant chloroplasts, shows strong sequence homology to the chinese hamster ovary (cho) mitochondrial p1 protein. we have identified a 60 kda protein from bovine kidney which by n-terminal sequencing gives the amino acid sequence akdvkfgadarallmlqgvdllada. bovine whole kidney membranes were delipidated, so ... | 1992 | 1351721 |
| new mechanisms of hormone secretion: mdr-like gene products as extrusion pumps for hormones? | p-glycoprotein, the product of the multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene, is an atp-driven transmembrane pump that increases the resistance of cells by actively exporting toxic chemicals. in addition to transporting anticancer drugs, p-glycoprotein has been reported to extrude a variety of lipophilic drugs, such as calcium channel blockers, phenothiazines, cyclosporines etc. interestingly, recent experiments suggest that steroid hormones may be physiologic substrates for p-glycoprotein. in addition, ... | 1992 | 1356900 |
| secretion of human blood coagulation factor xiiia by the yeast yarrowia lipolytica. | the industrial yeast, yarrowia lipolytica, secretes high yields of an alkaline extracellular protease (aep), which is synthesized as a preproprotein encoded by the xpr2 gene. we investigated the possibility of using this system for the secretion of human coagulation factor xiii subunit a (fxiiia). this protein is naturally secreted in the plasma by an unknown, signal peptide-independent mechanism and has so far been found to be nonsecretable in yeast. we have designed six hybrid genes encoding f ... | 1992 | 1358760 |
| the topology of the glutamine and atp binding sites of human asparagine synthetase. | human asparagine synthetase was examined using a combination of chemical modifiers and specific monoclonal antibodies. the studies were designed to determine the topological relation between the nucleotide binding site and the glutamine binding site of the human asparagine synthetase. the purified recombinant enzyme was chemically modified at the glutamine binding site by 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (don), and at the atp binding site by 8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate (8-n3atp). the effects of c ... | 1992 | 1359839 |
| isolation and analysis of the fission yeast gene encoding polymerase delta accessory protein pcna. | five monoclonal antibodies raised against rat pcna cross-reacted with a similar protein in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. one of these was used to screen an s.pombe cdna expression library. an incomplete cdna was isolated and used to screen a genomic library, identifying a single gene, designated pcn1+ (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). the gene encodes a protein of 260 amino acids, with a deduced sequence 52% identical to human and rat pcnas, which are 98.5% identical to each o ... | 1992 | 1361173 |
| localization of the gene for men 2a. | the search for the gene that causes the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a (men 2a) syndrome is entering a new phase. genetic linkage studies have localized the gene to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10. the statistical portion of mapping the gene for men 2a is nearly complete and now classical molecular biological/gene mapping techniques will be employed. we have used fluorescence in situ hybridization to estimate the size of the men2a region to be about 2 to 5 mb, using some libera ... | 1992 | 1362405 |
| isolation of yac clones from the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10 and development of new genetic markers linked to the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a gene. | genetic linkage mapping and contig assembly using yeast artificial chromosome (yac) technology form the basis of our strategy to clone and define the genomic structure of the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10 containing the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a gene. thus far yac walks have been initiated from five chromosome 10 pericentromeric loci including rbp3, d10s94, ret, d10z1, and fnrb. long range pulsed-field gel electrophoresis maps are constructed from the yacs isolated to define ... | 1992 | 1362407 |
| mapping psychiatric disease genes: impact of new molecular strategies. | genetic mapping of genes which predispose to psychiatric illness is discussed in relation to recent developments in molecular genetic technology. among the psychiatric disorders, the mechanism by which genetic factors contribute to illness is poorly understood, and the classification of phenotype (ill-status) is extremely complicated. these uncertainties, together with other complicating factors, tend to undermine the effectiveness of genetic linkage analysis. two very powerful new molecular str ... | 1992 | 1362776 |
| molecular dissection of the prader-willi/angelman syndrome region (15q11-13) by yac cloning and fish analysis. | prader-willi syndrome (pws) and angelman syndrome (as) are distinct mental retardation disorders associated with deletions of proximal 15q (q11-q13) of different parental origin. yeast artificial chromosome (yac) clones were isolated for 9 previously mapped dna probes from this region, and for one newly derived marker, ls6-1 (d15s113). a yac contig of 1-1.5 mb encompassing four markers (ml34, ir4-3r, pw71, and td189-1) was constructed. multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) analys ... | 1992 | 1363801 |
| physical and chemical cell disruption for the recovery of intracellular proteins. | there are many ways to disrupt microorganisms and plant and animal tissue. selecting the best cell disruption method depends on the factors listed in table 6. the kind or type of cells is an important consideration. for example, some disruption methods which work well for animal tissue do not work at all for microorganisms. a guideline for the suitabiity of a given disruption method for some cell types is given in table 7. the ratings in this table are not incontestable and, as mentioned earlier ... | 1991 | 1367090 |
| production of human interleukin-3 using industrial microorganisms. | we expressed a cdna encoding the multicolony stimulating factor interleukin-3 in a variety of cell types, including bacteria, yeast and mammalian cells. after evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of each potential system, we designed a production and purification scheme using bacillus licheniformis. the purification consists of hydrophobic interaction chromatography, two steps of ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. the purified and formulated product entered clinical trials ... | 1991 | 1367211 |
| synthesis of wild type and mutant human hemoglobins in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have expressed human alpha and beta-globin cdna clones from separate, synthetic galactose-regulated hybrid promoters contained on a single plasmid in saccharomyces cerevisiae. co-expression of the alpha and beta-globin chains in s. cerevisiae results in the assembly of these proteins into soluble tetrameric hemoglobin that accumulates to 3-5 percent of the total cell protein. endogenously produced heme is incorporated into the tetramer and the protein produced is functionally and structurally ... | 1991 | 1367213 |