| historical note on loa loa: a reinterpretation. | loa loa, also known as the african eye worm, is a common parasite in the central part of west africa. as chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata, the only important vectors of loaiasis, are found exclusively in the tropical rain forests of west africa, the parasite's transmission is confined to this region. references by early writers to the extraction of loa loa from the eye of a man on the island of ormus (today known as hormuz or hormus) in the persian gulf apparently were based on a misinterpretat ... | 1977 | 329697 |
| the improvement of maintenance conditions for wild-caught chrysops silacea and the production of infective larvae of loa loa. | previous reports have shown that chyrsops silacea survive poorly in captivity. only 5% survive for more than 12 days, which is the time required for loa loa microfilariae to develop into infective larvae. improved maintenance conditions for c. silacea for the production of infective larvae were studied. wild-caught female c. silacea were allowed to feed to repletion on mandrills, (mandrillus sphinx), which were microfilaremic with human l. loa or on uninfected laboratory rats. under optimal cond ... | 1991 | 1684264 |
| chrysops silacea and c.dimidiata seasonality and loiasis prevalence in the chaillu mountains, congo. | seasonal activity of the loiasis vectors chrysops dimidiata wulp and chrysops silacea austen (diptera: tabanidae) was studied during 1987-89 in villages and surrounding forest of the chaillu mountains, congo. chrysops were captured mainly in the hot rainy season (november-may) and densities of both species were higher in the forest than in villages. c.silacea predominated at all sites and c.dimidiata was rarely found in villages. in the rain forest, between 07.00 and 18.00 hours, 12 times more c ... | 1991 | 1773119 |
| effect of attraction factors on the sampling of chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata (diptera: tabanidae), vectors of loa loa (filaroidea: onchocercidae) filariasis. | the effects of fire and human host density on chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata abundance and age structure was evaluated at sites of loa loa filariasis transmission in the congo rain forest. fire increased the catch of c. silacea 8.5-fold at ground level and 5-fold in the canopy, but did not modify the catch size of c. dimidiata. catch size increased 2-fold when a pygmy camp located near the collecting station was inhabited. the presence of fire did not alter the parity and loa loa infection ra ... | 1991 | 2056508 |
| transmission indices of loa loa in the chaillu mountains, congo. | a longitudinal entomological survey of the vectors of loiasis was conducted in the missama area (lekoumou region) in the congo from september 1987 to august 1989. the principal catching site was a palm grove surrounded by forest 3 km from the village. landing/biting densities of chrysops were measured by standardized fly catches lasting 11 hr carried out twice a month. vector landing densities were also assessed in the bantu and pygmy villages and in the fields. populations of chrysops from the ... | 1990 | 2221224 |
| chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata: fly densities and infection rates with loa loa in the chaillu mountains, congo republic. | the densities, infection rates with loa loa, and parous rates of chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata were studied in various ecological zones throughout the chaillu mountains in the people's republic of the congo. in the rainy season, c. dimidiata was the major vector in the forest, whereas c. silacea was predominant in the cleared forest zones. fly densities were higher in the forest (natural forest or palmgrove) than in the villages. parous and infection rates varied according to the ecological ... | 1990 | 2345921 |
| the host preferences of chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata (diptera: tabanidae) in an endemic area of loa loa in the congo. | the analysis of 404 blood meals from chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata which had been collected in the forests of the chaillu mountains (people's republic of the congo) has demonstrated for the first time that both species also feed on non-human hosts. for both species the feeding patterns are fairly similar. however, man remains the main host in 89-90% of the cases. c. silacea and c. dimidiata took 6 and 4% respectively of their blood meals from hippopotamuses, 2 and 0% from rodents, 2 and 4% f ... | 1989 | 2604456 |
| development and larval morphology of loa loa in experimental primate hosts. | experimental infections with loa loa were established in laboratory primates by inoculation of third-stage larvae recovered from either chrysops silacea infected after engorging on a human volunteer with loiasis, or chrysops atlanticus infected after blood feeding on experimentally infected primates. the third molt occurred at 16 to 20 days postinoculation of infective larvae, and the fourth at about 50 days. early larval development was characterized by rapid growth and marked differentiation o ... | 1981 | 7196445 |
| large scale collection of viable infective larvae of loa loa. | a simple method to obtain large numbers of viable infective larvae (l3) of the human filarial parasite loa loa in an endemic country is described: wild vector flies (chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata) were caught in large numbers, sealed into pockets of mosquito netting, gently crushed on a glass plate and incubated in a funnel with medium ("baermann technique"). 91-94% of the l3 actively left the crushed flies and accumulated in the funnel tip after 15 (80%) to 45 minutes (95%). during 111 catc ... | 1995 | 8533026 |
| density and dispersal of the loaiasis vector chrysops dimidiata in southern cameroon. | by mark-release-recapture experiments, we assessed the density of loaisis vectors, chrysops dimidiata wulp plus some chrysops silacea austen (diptera: tabanidae) and estimated their range of flight in the secondary forest of southern cameroon. in 1993, the release point was at the centre of the study area and recapture points were at 1,100 m radius. in 1994, releases were on the periphery of the study area and recapture sites were 400-8,000 m from the release points. results were concordant and ... | 2000 | 11016443 |
| chrysops silacea biting densities and transmission potential in an endemic area of human loiasis in south-west cameroon. | we studied the biting densities of chrysops silacea and the transmission of loiasis over 1 year in a regenerated forest in the south-west province of cameroon. a total of 3015 flies caught near a wood fire at ground level during rainy and dry seasons were identified morphologically and 1975 caught during the rainy season were dissected to determine their physiological age and infection rate. the prevalence of microfilaraemia in the human population in the study area was determined using the thic ... | 2002 | 11952954 |
| the deposition of the infective stage of loa loa by chrysops silacea, and the early stages of its migration to the deeper tissues of the mammalian host. | | 1953 | 13041134 |
| the effect of light on the biting activity of chrysops silacea in the forest at kumba, british cameroons. | | 1953 | 13125264 |
| studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. v. the survival of loa loa in chrysops silacea under laboratory conditions. | | 1954 | 13208163 |
| studies on the biting habits of chrysops. i. the biting-cycle of chrysops silacea at various heights above the ground in the rain-forest at kumba, british cameroons. | | 1955 | 13239082 |
| studies on the biting habits of chrysops. ii. the effect of wood fires on the biting density of chrysops silacea in the rain-forest at kumba, british cameroons. | | 1955 | 13259439 |
| studies on the biting habits of chrysops. iii. the effect of groups of persons, stationary and moving, on the biting density of chrysops silacea at ground level in the rain-forest at kumba, british cameroons. | | 1955 | 13283505 |
| studies on the biting habits of chrysops. iv. the dispersal of chrysops silacea over cleared areas from the rain-forest at kumba, british cameroons. | | 1955 | 13283506 |
| studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. viii. the size and pattern of the bloodmeals taken in by groups of chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata when feeding to repletion in natural conditions on a rubber estate in the niger delta. | | 1956 | 13303107 |
| the relationship between the size of the blood-meal taken in by chrysops silacea, the development of the fly's ovaries, and the development of the microfilariae of loa loa taken in with the blood-meal. | | 1956 | 13363292 |
| studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. ix. the pattern of the frequency of the blood-meals taken in by chrysops silacea and of the survival of the fly in natural conditions in the rain-forest of the british cameroons and on a rubber estate in the niger delta. | | 1957 | 13425314 |
| studies on the hostparasite relationships of filarial nematodes and their arthropod hosts. i. the sites of development and the migration of loa loa in chrysops silacea, the escape of the infective forms from the head of the fly, and the effect of the worm on its insect host. | | 1958 | 13521711 |
| the rate of development of larvae of loa loa in chrysops silacea at kumba, and the effect of temperature upon it. | | 1961 | 13696449 |
| studies on ethiopian chrysops as possible vectors of loiasis. ii. chrysops silacea austen and human loiasis. | | 1960 | 13785485 |
| studies on ethiopian chrysops as possible vectors of loiasis. ii. chrysops silacea austen and human loiasis. | | 1961 | 13785486 |
| the life-history of chrysops silacea austen, 1907. i. introduction and outlines of the life-history, with a note on the taxonomic status of c. dimidiata and c. silacea. | | 1961 | 13882182 |
| the life-history of chrysops silacea austen, 1907. i. introduction and outlines of the life-history. | | 1961 | 13882185 |
| the bionomics of chrysops silacea austen, 1907. i. the longevity and food requirements of the adult fly. | | 1963 | 14023837 |
| the bionomics of chrysops silacea austen, 1907. ii. the bitingrhythm and dispersal in rain-forest. | | 1963 | 14042650 |
| studies on the intake of microfilariae by their insect vectors, their survival, and their effect on the survival of their vectors. vi. further observations on the intake of the microfilariae of loa loa and acanthocheilonema perstans by chrysops silacea in laboratory conditions: the pattern of the intake of a group of flies. | | 1955 | 14362424 |
| observations on chrysops silacea and c. dimidiata at benin, southern nigeria. part iii. | | 1951 | 14878391 |
| failed attempts at experimental transplantation and transmission of nocturnally-periodic simian loa from monkey to man. | this paper describes unsuccessful attempts to induce a nocturnally-periodic infection with simian loa in a human volunteer (the author of this paper) by means of 1. transplanting adult simian loa worms from a wild drill (mandrillus leucophaeus) to man; and 2. infecting the same volunteer by sub-cutaneous inoculation with infective larvae of simian loa from a laboratory-bred, experimentally infected chrysops silacea. | 2004 | 15283865 |
| the breeding places of chrysops silacea. | | 1948 | 18891455 |