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susceptibility of laboratory and domestic animals to experimental infection with orungo virus.laboratory and domestic animals: mice, hamsters, rabbits, sparrows, chickens and lambs were inoculated with orungo virus to determine their susceptibility as evidenced by clinical response, viraemia and antibody development. mice and hamsters circulated the virus and developed neutralising antibodies; clinical signs of disease included ruffled hair coat, hypersensitivity to sudden noise and hindleg paralysis. there was an age-related susceptibility to infection in these two animals. rabbits and ...197717281
orungo virus, an orbivirus from africa: effects of physical and chemical agents.orungo virus is relatively sensitive to lipid solvents and sodium deoxycholate. it is readily inactivated at 37 degrees c and above, by u.v. irradiation, bp and formalin. orungo virus is ph 3.0 labile, but stable at ph range of 5.0-7.0. multiplication of orungo virus in bhk-21 cell cultures is not affected in the presence of 5-iododeoxyuridine.197724332
orungo virus of the orbivirus taxon. experimental sheep infection and neutralizing antibodies in domestic and wild animals in nigeria. 1978204395
growth of orungo virus in various tissue cultures.monolayer cultures of cell strains derived from cercopithicus kidney (vero), baby hamster kidney (bhk-21), duck embryo (de), new-born rabbit kidney (ma-111), and aedes albopictus were tested for their ability to support the growth of orungo virus. the virus multiplied to high titres with accompanying cytopathic effect (cpe) in vero and bhk-21 cultures, but not in the other three culture systems. the yield of virus from infected vero cell cultures incubated at 37 degrees c was 30 to 100 times gre ...1977413528
orungo virus: transmission studies with aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). 1978633290
[serological survey for the prevalence of certain arboviruses in the human population of the south-east area of central african republic (author's transl)].a serological survey of antibodies to arboviruses was carried out in the human population of the south-east part of central african republic in april 1979. four hundred and fifty nine serum samples were tested using the haemagglutination inhibition test (h. i.) and fifty of them by the complement fixation test (c. f.). only 11% of the population tested had no h. i. antibodies against the following arboviruses: chikungunya, semliki-forest, sindbis, yellow fever, uganda s, west-nile, zika, bunyamw ...19816274526
complement fixing antibodies to orungo virus in food animals of northern nigeria.in 1981 serum samples were collected from 1106 domestic ruminants in seven different locations in kaduna and sokoto states of northern nigeria. these states represent the part of the country where there has been no reports of clinical disease or antibody to orungo virus. orungo virus antibodies were detected in 26.7% of the sheep, 6.8% of the cattle, 30.7% of the goats and 37.5% of the camels tested by the complement fixation method. the antibody titer in the various positive samples were also d ...19846534900
[serological survey for arbovirus antibodies in the human and simian populations of the south-east of gabon (author's transl)].a serological survey for arbovirus antibodies was carried out in human and simian populations of the south-east of gabon. 197 human sera (adults), 34 simian sera (collected in the monkey colony of the centre international de recherches médicales de franceville) and 28 paired sera of mothers and their new-borns (samples collected from the umbilical cord) were tested using haemagglutination inhibition (hi) for all sera and complement fixation test (cf) for some of them. in the human population, 88 ...19826809352
yellow fever in the gambia, 1978--1979: epidemiologic aspects with observations on the occurrence of orungo virus infections.an epidemic of yellow fever (yf) occurred in the gambia between may 1978 and january 1979. retrospective case-finding methods and active surveillance led to the identification of 271 clinically suspected cases. a confirmatory or presumptive laboratory diagnosis was established in 94 cases. the earliest serologically documented case occurred in june 1978, at the extreme east of the gambia. small numbers of cases occurred in august and september. the epidemic peaked in october, and cases continued ...19807435793
full-genome characterisation of orungo, lebombo and changuinola viruses provides evidence for co-evolution of orbiviruses with their arthropod vectors.the complete genomes of orungo virus (oruv), lebombo virus (lebv) and changuinola virus (cglv) were sequenced, confirming that they each encode 11 distinct proteins (vp1-vp7 and ns1-ns4). phylogenetic analyses of cell-attachment protein 'outer-capsid protein 1' (oc1), show that orbiviruses fall into three large groups, identified as: vp2(oc1), in which oc1 is the 2nd largest protein, including the culicoides transmitted orbiviruses; vp3(oc1), which includes the mosquito transmitted orbiviruses; ...201424475112
response of erythrocebus patas monkeys to experimental infection with the orbivirus orungo virus.the response of erythrocebus patas monkeys experimentally inoculated by the intravenous and subcutaneous routes with orungo virus (family reoviridae, genus orbivirus) was studied with reference to development of clinical signs, circulation of virus and antibody response. none of the animals showed clinical disease nor did they circulate virus. however, all the animals developed complement fixing (cf), neutralizing (n) and agar gel (ag) precipitating antibodies between day seven and day 14 post i ...197897815
characterization of orungo virus, an orbivirus from uganda and nigeria.orungo virus was studied in cell culture and mice by light and electron microscopy. the virus developed in the cytoplasm of infected cells in mouse brain and cell culture in association with a specific viral granular matrix and accompanying filaments. virus particle size was 63 nm with a core diameter of 34 nm. most particles were released from infected cells by lysis, but some budded through membranes and assumed a "pseudoenvelope". in its morphology and mode of morphogenesis, orungo virus was ...1976973798
orungo virus: organ distribution with histopathology and development of experimentally infected swiss albino mice.the organ distribution and pathogenecity of orungo virus were studied in swiss albino mice following intracerebral and intraperitoneal inoculations. there was an age-related response in mice to orungo virus ic infection. virus multiplied to higher titres in the brain of newborn (2-day-old) mice than in the other organs. the histopathologic changes which were restricted to the brain included diffuse mononuclear cell infiltration, prominent perivascular and interstitial oedema in the cerebrum and ...1977617208
neutralizing antibodies to orungo virus in man and animals in nigeria.sera from humans, birds, domestic and wild animals, from 17 localities in four ecological zones of nigeria were tested for neutralizing antibody to orungo virus. a total of 1197 human sera were tested, of which 277 (23.1%) were positive for rungo antibody. the highest prevalence (34.2%) was found in the northern guinea savannah zone. the prevalence in the other zones were 29.9% in the southern guinea savannah, 24.3% in the derived savannah and 17.0% in the rainforest. significant differences in ...1976827036
zoonotic and emerging orbivirus infections.many novel emerging orbiviruses have been isolated in the past 15 years. important viruses include peruvian horse sickness virus (phsv) and yunnan orbivirus (yuov), pathogens of equids which were originally isolated almost simultaneously from 1997 to 1999 in the people's republic of china, australia and peru. yuov has also been isolated from cattle, sheep and a dog. the isolation of yuovfrom a dog is not the first case of an orbivirus being isolated from a carnivore. bluetongue virus and african ...201526601440
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