| aerosol survival of pasteurella tularensis and the influence of relative humidity. | the aerosol survival in air was determined for pasteurella tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs) as a function of relative humidity (rh). three different preparations of bacteria were used: (i) liquid suspension of p. tularensis lvs in spent culture medium; (ii) powders of p. tularensis lvs freeze-dried in spent culture fluid; (iii) p. tularensis lvs freeze-dried in spent culture fluid and then reconstituted with distilled water and disseminated as a liquid suspension. preparation (i) gave greate ... | 1972 | 4551041 |
| experimental tularemia in macaca mulatta: relationship of aerosol particle size to the infectivity of airborne pasteurella tularensis. | ninety-six macaca mulatta were exposed to aerosol particles containing pasteurella tularensis. four different aerosols were employed that contained particle size distributions with median diameters of 2.1, 7.5, 12.5, or 24.0 mum. size distributions were calculated only for those particles observed by phase microscope to contain organisms. animals exposed to particles whose median diameters were either 2.1 or 7.5 mum were all infected and showed extensive infection of the lower respiratory tract, ... | 1972 | 4632469 |
| survival of airborne pasteurella tularensis at different atmospheric temperatures. | the aerosol survival, recovery, and death rate of pasteurella tularensis schu s5 disseminated in particle sizes of 1 to 5 mum were significantly affected by air temperature. the highest aerosol recovery of viable p. tularensis was observed within -7 and 3 c; the recovery decreased significantly below and above this temperature range. the death rate of airborne p. tularensis was not significantly influenced by an increase in temperature from -40 to 24 c. however, a progressive increase in atmosph ... | 1973 | 4633423 |
| effect of interferon inducers and interferon on bacterial infections. | the effect of interferon inducers and exogenous l-cell interferon on the infection of mice by pasteurella tularensis or diplococcus pneumoniae was investigated. the results indicate that the degree of protection is dependent on the type of inducer used. a variety of defense mechanisms with limited nonspecific activity appear to be involved. | 1972 | 4670434 |
| the role of endotoxin during typhoid fever and tularemia in man. iv. the integrity of the endotoxin tolerance mechanisms during infection. | volunteers infected with salmonella typhosa develop a remarkable hyperreactivity to the pyrogenic and subjective toxic activities of homologous (s. typhos) and heterologous (pseudomonas) endotoxins. the present studies quantitate this augmented reactivity and demonstrate by three differing approaches that significant tolerance to these endotoxins can be readily induced within the framework of the hyperreactive state. thus, (a) tolerance induced before illness by repeated daily intravenous inject ... | 1969 | 4886645 |
| influence of bacterial infection on serum enzymes of white rats. | infection of white rats with francisella tularensis (pasteurella tularensis) and salmonella typhimurium and exposure to the endotoxin of s. typhimurium stimulated significant increases in various serum enzymes including aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase. the rates of changes in enzymatic activity after infection were directly related to the size of infecting dose and to the type of infective agent employed. ... | 1969 | 4886856 |
| cellular response of mice to infection with pasteurella tularensis (live vaccine strain) following continuous exposure to low dose gamma radiation. | | 1969 | 4898414 |
| preparation of agglutinating antisera and fluorescent-antibody conjugates against pasteurella tularensis in equines. | the serological response in burros and horses to the viable lvs strain of pasteurella tularensis was studied. high-titered agglutinating antisera and fluorescent-antibody conjugates were obtained in both groups of animals. maximum titers were obtained in horses 14 to 21 days after the start of vaccination and in burros 21 to 28 days after the start of vaccination. the use of woodhour's adjuvants or booster inoculations did not result in increased titers. | 1970 | 4917187 |
| demonstration of francisella tularensis (syn. pasteurella tularensis) in sylvan animals with the aid of fluorescent antibodies. | | 1970 | 4922256 |
| effect of aerosol age on the infectivity of airborne pasteurella tularensis for macaca mulatta and man. | sawyer, william d. (u.s. army medical unit, fort detrick, frederick, md.), joseph v. jemski, arthur l. hogge, jr., henry t. eigelsbach, elwood k. wolfe, harry g. dangerfield, william s. gochenour, jr., and dan crozier. effect of aerosol age on the infectivity of airborne pasteurella tularensis for macaca mulatta and man. j. bacteriol. 91:2180-2184. 1966.-in aging aerosols of pasteurella tularensis schu-s4, the respiratory infectivity for man and macaca mulatta decreased more rapidly than the via ... | 1966 | 4957611 |
| effect of vaccine, route, and schedule on antibody response of rabbits to pasteurella tularensis. | the response of the rabbit to viable or killed whole-cell pasteurella tularensis vaccines was studied. the most practical preparation for the production of anti-p. tularensis antibodies was viable organisms of the live vaccine strain (lvs). the intravenous route of administration proved superior to either the subcutaneous or intradermal routes, and incorporation of lvs into freund's adjuvants did not result in increased levels of antibody. short-term hyperimmunization, three injections at weekly ... | 1969 | 4976322 |
| antibodies to pasteurella tularensis in a selected human population. | | 1968 | 4977104 |
| agglutinin response of rabbits to combined pasteurella tularensis-brucella abortus vaccination. | a schedule was developed for the simultaneous production of a pasteurella tularensis-brucella abortus antiserum in rabbits. three doses of 10(8) viable p. tularensis lvs organisms were given intravenously at weekly intervals. one day prior to the final dose of p. tularensis, the rabbits received 10(9) viable cells of b. abortus strain 19 intravenously. the use of live vaccines, administered in this sequence, resulted in high agglutinin titers within 3 weeks. the maximal agglutinin titer to eithe ... | 1970 | 4985429 |
| experimental technique for studying aerosols of lyophilized bacteria. | an experimental technique is presented for studying aerosols generated from lyophilized bacteria by using escherichia coli b, bacillus subtilis var. niger, enterobacter aerogenes, and pasteurella tularensis. an aerosol generator capable of creating fine particle aerosols of small quantities (10 mg) of lyophilized powder under controlled conditions of exposure to the atmosphere is described. the physical properties of the aerosols are investigated as to the distribution of number of aerosol parti ... | 1970 | 4992657 |
| aerosol survival of pasteurella tularensis disseminated from the wet and dry states. | the aerosol survival in air and in nitrogen was measured for pasteurella tularensis live vaccine strain, disseminated from the wet and dry states. the results showed that most of the loss of viability occurred in less than 2 min of aerosol age, i.e., a rapid initial decay followed by a much slower secondary decay. in nitrogen and air, minimum survival occurred at 50 to 55% relative humidity (rh) for wet dissemination and at 75% rh for dry dissemination. this shift indicated that aerosols produce ... | 1971 | 4994903 |
| antigens of pasteurella tularensis: preparative procedures. | ether-water (ew) extraction of pasteurella tularensis produced better antigens than five other chemical procedures. ew extracts produced from stationary-phase, liquid-grown, saline suspensions of strain schu s4 cells regularly induced agglutinin and precipitin formation in rabbits. mice, guinea pigs, and monkeys also responded to ew extracts but with lower antibody levels. the use of strains of lower virulence, acetone-dried cells, organisms grown on a solid medium, and abbreviated extraction co ... | 1971 | 4999975 |
| microagglutination procedures for febrile agglutination tests. | febrile agglutination tests were done by using as antigens brucella abortus, salmonella group d, proteus ox19, and pasteurella tularensis. comparison of results from 23 sera showed that the microtechnique, rapid slide, and test tube methods gave similar titers, although those from the microtechnique were generally higher. the sensitivity of the microtechnique depended upon the concentration of antigen, and, to obtain reproducible results, the optimal concentration of antigens had to be determine ... | 1971 | 5002142 |
| behavioral effects of infectious diseases: respiratory pasteurella tularensis in man. | | 1971 | 5089099 |
| an extended study of the behavioral effects of respiratory pasteurella tularensis in man. | | 1971 | 5124099 |
| susceptibility to infection with pasteurella tularensis and the immune response of mice exposed to continuous low dose rate of gamma radiation: nrdl-tr-68-85. | | 1968 | 5303581 |
| cellular response of mice to infection with pasteurella tularensis (lvs) following continuous exposure to low dose rate gamma radiation. nrdl-tr-68-146. | | 1968 | 5308733 |
| identification of pasteurella tularensis by immunofluorescence. | | 1965 | 5319605 |
| preparation of conjugates of 19-s and 7-s globulins of antitularemic sera for the determination of specific fluorescence of pasteurella tularensis. | | 1966 | 5335126 |
| survival of bacteria on metal surfaces. | survivor curves were determined for serratia marcescens, sarcina lutea, pasteurella tularensis, and p. pestis deposited from the airborne state onto metallic surfaces and subsequently stored at various humidities and temperatures. cells of all species tested remained alive longest in a dry atmosphere, except that cells of s. marcescens survived best in a saturated atmosphere. survival decreased most rapidly at the intermediate humidity level for three of the test organisms, yet p. tularensis die ... | 1966 | 5339359 |
| survival of pasteurella tularensis in flea larvae. | | 1970 | 5501224 |
| growth and metabolism of live vaccine strain of pasteurella tularensis. | the growth and metabolism of the live vaccine strain of pasteurella tularensis in different media were investigated. maximal growth was observed in a medium containing a sulfuric acid digest of casein as amino acid source. amino acid metabolism produced considerable ammonia, and the rate of ammonia evolution was directly proportional to the growth rate. the most likely route for amino acid breakdown is nonspecific oxidative deamination. | 1968 | 5664109 |
| mortality of altitude-exposed mice infected with pasteurella tularensis. | the influence of reduced barometric pressure equivalent to an altitude of 18,000 ft (5,486 m) on the susceptibility of mice to tularemia was investigated by exposing groups of animals to the test environment before, after, or before and after intraperitoneal inoculation of 225 colony-forming units of pasteurella tularensis. similarly infected control animals were not exposed to the experimental environment. two measurements of mortality were employed: (i) the day on which 50% of the mice were de ... | 1968 | 5684198 |
| toxicity of pasteurella tularensis killed by ionizing radiation. | approximately 2 x 10(11) viable pasteurella tularensis cells per ml, contained in suspensions, were killed by exposure to 10(6) r of gamma-radiation. when injected intraperitoneally into mice, the irradiated suspensions initially contained about 10 ld(50) per ml, and immunized mice against challenge with fully virulent strains of p. tularensis. toxicity and immunizing activity of the suspensions decreased significantly within a few days at 5 c. mice were protected against the toxin by immune ser ... | 1968 | 5732510 |
| notes on pasteurella tularensis isolated from a vole, microtus oeconomus pallas, in alaska. | | 1969 | 5765177 |
| interacting factors that influence long-term storage of live pasteurella tularensis vaccine and rift valley fever virus. | studies were conducted on the interaction of various parameters which affect the storage stability and growth potential of liquid cultures of pasteurella tularensis live vaccine strain (lvs) and rift valley fever virus van wyk strain (rvfv). storage variables studied with lvs included four storage temperatures (4, -20, -65, -175 c), single and multiple freeze-thaw cycles, two freezing and two thawing rates (slow and fast), various inoculum levels (1, 3, 5, and 10%) for the determination of growt ... | 1969 | 5780399 |
| pathological changes in rabbits injected with pasteurella tularensis killed by ionizing radiation. | | 1969 | 5795104 |
| susceptibility to infection with pasteurella tularensis and the immune response of mice exposed to continous low dose rate gamma radiation. | | 1969 | 5822617 |
| [changes of certain biological properties of pasteurella tularensis exposed to repeated freezing and thawing]. | | 1965 | 5877976 |
| in vitro interactions between rabbit alveolar macrophages and pasteurella tularensis. | nutter, j. e. (fort detrick, frederick, md.), and q. n. myrvik. in vitro interactions between rabbit alveolar macrophages and pasteurella tularensis. j. bacteriol. 92:645-651. 1966.-rabbit alveolar macrophages were successfully employed in a study of host cell-pasteurella tularensis interactions in vitro. under cell culture conditions in which inhibitory antibiotics were not employed and small infection ratios were used, the relative in vivo virulence of two strains of p. tularensis was duplicat ... | 1966 | 5922539 |
| [the use of new media in the cultivation of pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1966 | 5926718 |
| modified agglutination test for pasteurella tularensis. | several modifications in technique were incorporated into the standard agglutination test for pasteurella tularensis. reciprocal shaking of all tubes in a kahn shaker was introduced to increase the rate of agglutination and quantity of agglutinated cell mass, making it possible to report preliminary results within 4 hr. increased incubation time at a higher temperature was used to favor the rate of agglutination. a serum control for each serum tested was necessary to detect false positive tests. ... | 1966 | 5959860 |
| capillary agglutination test for pasteurella tularensis antibodies. | | 1967 | 6019708 |
| phagocytosis and intracellular fate of pasteurella tularensis: in vitro effects of exudate stimulants and streptomycin on phagocytic cells. | | 1967 | 6030546 |
| quantitation of susceptibility of swine to infection with pasteurella tularensis. | | 1967 | 6069580 |
| whole blood amino acid changes following respiratory-acquired pasteurella tularensis infection in man. | | 1967 | 6074012 |
| [biological activity of lysozymes of various origins]. | the in vitro and in vivo studies showed that lysozymes obtained from o. papillipes, o moubata, a. lahorensis and h. asiaticum had bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. the effect of the lysozymes obtained from the above ticks was studied in comparison to that of the egg lysozyme. micrococci, staphylococci, streptococci, e. coli and c. diphtheriae proved to be the most sensitive. salmonella, listeria, pasteurella pseudotuberculosis and pasteurella tularensis were less sensitive. the comparison ... | 1982 | 7149682 |
| tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. | the working group on civilian biodefense has developed consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if tularemia is used as a biological weapon against a civilian population. | 2001 | 11386933 |
| the recovery of pasteurella tularensis from natural waters by guinea pig inoculation. | | 1952 | 12998365 |
| reviews in infectious diseases in israel and the near east: tularemia. | | 1952 | 13007394 |
| studies on the immunization of white mice against infections with bacterium tularense. | | 1952 | 13011309 |
| cross-agglutination reactions among brucella, vibrio, and other microorganisms. | | 1953 | 13050897 |
| in vitro development of streptomycin resistance in bacterium tularense. | | 1953 | 13060309 |
| relation between changes in the stability of pasteurella tularensis suspensions and in its bacterial population. i. the stability of suspensions of pasteurella tularensis in the presence of electrolytes. | | 1953 | 13069457 |
| relation between changes in the stability of pasteurella tularensis suspensions and in its bacterial population. ii. mutual influence between salt-agglutinable and salt-nonagglutinable types. | | 1953 | 13069458 |
| the survival of bacterium tularense in lice and louse feces. | | 1954 | 13114603 |
| on pig-liver medium and a modified medium for cultivation of bacterium tularense. | | 1953 | 13136152 |
| in vitro and vivo activities of several kinds of basic antibiotics from streptomyces upon pasteurella tularensis. | | 1953 | 13136154 |
| a technique employing embryonated chicken eggs for the infection of argasid ticks with coxiella burnetii, bacterium tularense, leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, and western equine encephalitis virus. | | 1954 | 13143226 |
| [characteristics of strains of bacillus tularense isolated during hibernal epidemic in muridae]. | | 1954 | 13157594 |
| [isolation of pasteurella tularensis from the blood of blood-filled ticks ixodes ricinus l]. | | 1953 | 13161093 |
| the anaerobic glucose metabolism of bacterium tularense. | | 1954 | 13208294 |
| cultivation of pasteurella tularensis in chemically defined media: effect of buffers and spermine. | | 1954 | 13213997 |
| studies on the nutrition of pasteurella tularensis. | | 1955 | 13242527 |
| electron microscopically revealed structural elements of bacterium tularense and their in vitro and in vivo role in immunologic reactions. | | 1955 | 13242796 |
| [virulence of strains of pasteurella tularensis isolated by direct culture from mature ticks dermacentor marginatus collected in natural conditions]. | | 1955 | 13257821 |
| studies on tularemia. i. the relation between certain pathogenic and immunogenic properties of variants of pasteurella tularensis. | | 1955 | 13263289 |
| studies on tularemia. ii. the antigenic properties of variants of pasteurella tularensis in various hosts. | | 1955 | 13263290 |
| studies on tularemia. iii. the variation of pasteurella tularensis grown in the presence of normal and immune serum from various hosts. | | 1955 | 13263291 |
| studies on the physiology of virulence of pasteurella tularensis. i. citrulline ureidase and deamidase activity. | | 1955 | 13263296 |
| virulence of bacterium tularense. i. a study of the virulence of bacterium tularense in mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits. | | 1955 | 13263645 |
| virulence of bacterium tularense. ii. evaluation of criteria of virulence of bacterium tularense. | | 1955 | 13263646 |
| influence of osmotic pressure on the polyamine requirement of neisseria perflava and pasteurella tularensis for growth in defined media. | | 1955 | 13272723 |
| [a new culture medium for pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1955 | 13281741 |
| [variability of pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1955 | 13281744 |
| a morphological study of yatobyo bacteria (bacterium tularense). | | 1955 | 13291383 |
| the multiplication of pasteurella tularensis in human body lice. | | 1956 | 13302207 |
| the host-parasite relationship in tularemia. iii. the influence of pasteurella tularensis on enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism in tissue of white rats. | | 1956 | 13306693 |
| studies on the physiology of virulence of pasteurella tularensis. ii. serine deaminase and transaminase activity. | | 1956 | 13306703 |
| studies on resistance to bacterial infections in animals infected with rickettsiae. | data are presented, demonstrating that infection with rickettsia typhi brings about a reduction of the death rates and a prolongation of the time of survival in animals subsequently challenged with pasteurella pestis or pasteurella tularensis. this interference with bacterial infection by previous rickettsial infection does not appear immediately after injection of the rickettsiae; it begins to appear around 16 hours after this injection and becomes more marked during the first 96 hours; later i ... | 1956 | 13319590 |
| [characteristics of the polysaccharide containing fraction of the pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1956 | 13325902 |
| [evaluation of the effectiveness of various methods for isolation of pasteurella tularensis in experimental tularemia in white mice]. | | 1956 | 13325903 |
| [cultural and biochemical characteristics of pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1956 | 13325904 |
| [bactericidal effect of natural human gastric juice on pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1956 | 13325909 |
| [characteristics of strains of b. tularense cultivated in poland during 1952-53]. | | 1956 | 13333679 |
| [immunizing properties of strains of pasteurella tularensis with low virulence]. | | 1956 | 13342904 |
| inhibitory effect of grid imprints on growth of pasteurella tularensis on membrane filters. | | 1956 | 13345762 |
| [antigen titers of pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1955 | 13350883 |
| [dissemination of pasteurella tularensis in the system of immunized and nonimmunized animals]. | | 1956 | 13353670 |
| experimental infections of native animals with pasteurella tularensis. | | 1956 | 13357769 |
| experimental transmission of pasteurella tularensis by the tick, dermacentor parumaperlus. | | 1956 | 13376906 |
| factors involved in the transmission of pasteurella tularensis from inoculated animals to healthy cage mates. | | 1956 | 13376919 |
| [in vivo and in vitro behavior of pasteurella tularensis isolated during the evolution of tularemia in diversely receptive hosts]. | | 1955 | 13403366 |
| survival of pasteurella tularensis in sugar solutions after cooling and warming at sub-zero temperatures. | | 1957 | 13416201 |
| [is pasteurella novicida n. sp. a variation of pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1957 | 13425102 |
| in vitro bactericidal activity of blood for pasteurella tularensis. | | 1957 | 13429081 |
| survival of pasteurella tularensis in gelatin-saline after cooling and warming at subzero temperatures. | | 1957 | 13459425 |
| experimental transmission of pasteurella tularensis by the flea, orchopeas leucopus (baker). | | 1957 | 13463385 |
| glutamic acid dehydrogenase of pasteurella tularensis. | | 1957 | 13475268 |
| reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide oxidase of pasteurella tularensis. | | 1957 | 13480993 |
| [length of preservation of tularemia bacilli on grain and straw]. | | 1957 | 13486923 |
| the geography of food and cooking. | | 1957 | 13491131 |
| studies on human infection with pasteurella tularensis; comparison of streptomycin and chloramphenicol in the prophylaxis of clinical disease. | | 1957 | 13496116 |
| [prolonged survival of pasteurella tularensis in frozen carcass]. | | 1957 | 13497175 |
| effect of electrolytes on the uptake by bacteria of labelled glutamate. | | 1958 | 13504128 |
| a microscopic study of pasteurella tularensis in the human body louse. | | 1957 | 13504864 |