| the distinctive population structure of colletotrichum species associated with olive anthracnose in the algarve region of portugal reflects a host-pathogen diversity hot spot. | anthracnose (colletotrichum spp.) is an important disease of olive fruits. diversity and biogeographic relationships of the olive anthracnose pathogens in the algarve (portugal) were investigated, along with host association patterns and disease levels during 2004-2007, to test the hypothesis that this region is a host-pathogen diversity hot spot. diverse colletotrichum acutatum and colletotrichum gloeosporioides populations were identified based on rrna-internal transcribed spacer and partial b ... | 2009 | 19459972 |
| global antifungal profile optimization of chlorophenyl derivatives against botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | twenty-two aromatic derivatives bearing a chlorine atom and a different chain in the para or meta position were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungi botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides. the results showed that maximum inhibition of the growth of these fungi was exhibited for enantiomers s and r of 1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylethanol (3 and 4). furthermore, their antifungal activity showed a clear structure-activity relati ... | 2009 | 19489624 |
| transfer of a supernumerary chromosome between vegetatively incompatible biotypes of the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | two biotypes (a and b) of colletotrichum gloeosporioides infect the tropical legumes stylosanthes spp. in australia. these biotypes are asexual and vegetatively incompatible. however, field isolates of biotype b carrying a supernumerary 2-mb chromosome, thought to originate from biotype a, have been reported previously. we tested the hypothesis that the 2-mb chromosome could be transferred from biotype a to biotype b under laboratory conditions. selectable marker genes conferring resistance to h ... | 1998 | 9832523 |
| brazilian mycobiota of the aquatic weed sagittaria montevidensis. | nine species of fungi on the aquatic weed sagittaria montevidensis (arrowhead) in southern and southeastern brazil were collected, identified, described and illustrated in a survey for possible biological control agents against this weed. seven of them are anamorphic fungi, alternaria alternata, botrytis cinerea, cercospora apii, cercospora sagittariae, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, plectosporium alismatis and pseudocercospora arthrospora, and two smut fungi, doassansiopsis deformans and naras ... | 2009 | 19537213 |
| colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth-no-growth interface after selected microwave treatments. | to study microwave heating for potential postharvest treatments against anthracnose disease, colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth-no-growth response after selected microwave treatments (2,450 mhz) was fitted by using a logistic regression model. evaluated variables were power level, exposure time, presence or absence of water in the medium during treatment, and incubation-observation time. depending on the setting, the applied power ranged from 77.2 to 435.6 w. for the experiments on dry medium ... | 2009 | 19681265 |
| cgopt1, a putative oligopeptide transporter from colletotrichum gloeosporioides that is involved in responses to auxin and pathogenicity. | the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene produces high levels of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in axenic cultures and during plant infection. we generated a suppression subtractive hybridization library enriched for iaa-induced genes and identified a clone, which was highly expressed in iaa-containing medium. | 2009 | 19698103 |
| the salicylic acid-induced protection of non-climacteric unripe pepper fruit against colletotrichum gloeosporioides is similar to the resistance of ripe fruit. | the anthracnose fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides deleteriously affects unripe pepper fruit, but not ripe fruit. here, we show that the induction of local acquired resistance (lar) by salicylic acid (sa), 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, or benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid s-methyl ester pretreatment protects unripe pepper fruit against the fungus, while jasmonic acid (ja) does not. the sa-mediated lar in the unripe fruit inhibited the fungal appressoria, resulting in protection ag ... | 2009 | 19701640 |
| induction of ca2+-calmodulin signaling by hard-surface contact primes colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia to germinate and form appressoria. | hard-surface contact primes the conidia of colletotrichum gloeosporioides to respond to plant surface waxes and a fruit-ripening hormone, ethylene, to germinate and form the appressoria required for infection of the host. our efforts to elucidate the molecular events in the early phase of the hard-surface contact found that egta (5 mm) and u73122 (16 nm), an inhibitor of phospholipase c, inhibited (50%) germination and appressorium formation. measurements of calmodulin (cam) transcripts with a c ... | 1998 | 9748448 |
| enantioselective analysis of propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol by ce with application to biotransformation studies employing endophytic fungi. | a ce method is described for the enantioselective analysis of propranolol (prop) and 4-hydroxypropranolol (4-oh-prop) in liquid czapek medium with application in the study of the enantioselective biotransformation of prop by endophytic fungi. the electrophoretic conditions previously optimized were as follows: an uncoated fused-silica capillary, 4% w/v carboxymethyl-beta-cd in 25 mmol/l triethylamine/phosphoric acid (h(3)po(4)) buffer at ph 9 as running electrolyte and 17 kv of voltage. uv detec ... | 2009 | 19876961 |
| molecular and morphological markers for rapid distinction between 2 colletotrichum species. | endophytic microorganisms reside asymptomatically within plants and are a source of new bioactive products for use in medicine, agriculture, and industry. colletotrichum (teleomorph glomerella) is a fungus widely cited in the literature as a producer of antimicrobial substances. identification at the species level, however, has been a problem in this type of study. several authors have reported the presence of endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant maytenus ilicifolia ("espinheira-santa") in ... | 2009 | 19898550 |
| biotransformation of isoimperatorin and imperatorin by glomerella cingulata and beta-secretase inhibitory activity. | biotransformation studies conducted on the furanocoumarins isoimperatorin (1) and imperatorin (3) have revealed that 1 was metabolized by glomerella cingulata to give the corresponding reduced acid, 6,7-furano-5-prenyloxy hydrocoumaric acid (2), and 3 was transformed by g. cingulata to give the dealkylated metabolite, xanthotoxol (4) in high yields (83% and 81%), respectively. the structures of the new compound 2 have been established on the basis of spectral data. the metabolites 2 and 4 were t ... | 2010 | 19939683 |
| characterization of colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from avocado and almond fruits with molecular and pathogenicity tests. | one hundred twenty isolates of colletotrichum gloeosporioides from avocado (6 u.s. and 57 israeli isolates) and almond (57 israeli isolates) fruits were compared by various molecular methods and a pathogenicity assay in order to determine the genetic diversity and host specificity between and among the different populations. dna from eight additional u.s. almond anthracnose isolates were also compared. pcr amplification of genomic dna with four primers produced uniform banding patterns for all t ... | 1996 | 8975596 |
| in vivo and in vitro investigations of fungal keratitis caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | to report a case of fungal keratitis caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which is a rare pathogen in humans. | 2009 | 20028265 |
| suppression of sos-inducing activity of chemical mutagens by metabolites from microbial transformation of (-)-isolongifolene. | in this study, biotransformation of (-)-isolongifolene (1) by glomerella cingulata and suppressive effect on umuc gene expression by chemical mutagens 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide) and aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)) of the sos response in salmonella typhimurium ta1535/psk1002 were investigated. initially, 1 was carried out the microbial transformation by g. cingulata. the result found that 1 was converted into (-)-isolongifolen-9-one (2), (-)-(2s)-13-hydroxy-isolongifolen-9- ... | 2010 | 20108941 |
| additions to the mycobiota of the invasive weed miconia calvescens (melastomataceae). | miconia calvescens (melastomataceae) is a shrub or small tree native to the neotropics that has become one of the worst invaders of forest ecosystems, particularly in pacific islands such as hawaii and french polynesia. it has been a target for biological control for more than 10 y, both with arthropod and pathogen natural enemies. until now colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. miconiae was the only organism to be used in biological control against this weed. this fungus was introduced both in ... | 2010 | 20120231 |
| ph regulation of ammonia secretion by colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its effect on appressorium formation and pathogenicity. | host-tissue alkalinization via ammonia accumulation is key to colletotrichum spp. colonization. using macroarrays carrying c. gloeosporioides cdnas, we monitored gene expression during the alkalinization process. a set of genes involved in synthesis and catabolism of ammonia accumulation were identified. expression of nad(+)-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh2, encoding ammonia synthesis) and the ammonia exporter amet were induced at ph 4.0 to 4.5. conversely, ammonia uptake and transcript ac ... | 2010 | 20121452 |
| production of biosurfactant lipopeptides iturin a, fengycin and surfactin a from bacillus subtilis cmb32 for control of colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | a bacterial strain isolated from soil for its potential to control the anthracnose disease caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides was identified as a bacillus subtilis. bacillus subtilis cmb32 produced antifungal agents on m9 broth at 30degreesc. biosurfactant lipopeptides produced by bacillus subtilis cmb32 were precipitated by adjusting to ph 2 and extracting using chloroform/methanol, and then were purified using column chromatography and reverse-phase hplc. molecular masses of the lipopept ... | 2010 | 20134245 |
| a cona-like lectin from dioclea guianensis benth. has antifungal activity against colletotrichum gloeosporioides, unlike its homologues, conm and cona. | this study reports on the antifungal activity of dgui, a cona-like lectin from dioclea guianensis seeds. dgui inhibited conidial germination but not mycelial growth of colletotrichum gloeosporioides. the lectins cona and conm from canavalia ensiformis and canavalia maritima, respectively, share high levels of amino acid sequence similarity (>84%) with dgui and have the same specificity toward glucose/mannose but had no effect on the fungus. fluorescence microscopy showed that both dgui and conm ... | 2010 | 20201549 |
| electroporation and agrobacterium-mediated spore transformation. | genetic transformation is a key technology in modern fungal research. most commonly, protoplasts are transformed using the polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation protocols. because protoplasts are generated by treatment of mycelia with a crude enzyme preparation, the results tend to be inconsistent. furthermore, some species cannot be transformed by this method. electroporation (ep) and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (amt) are two alternative methods. these methods allow ... | 2010 | 20238258 |
| identification of endophytic bacterial strain mgp1 selected from papaya and its biocontrol effects on pathogens infecting harvested papaya fruit. | traditional approaches to the control of diseases of papaya fruit rely on the use of synthetic chemicals, which can cause serious human health and environmental problems. endophytes might be used as an alternative to chemicals to effectively control diseases of harvested papaya fruit. | 2010 | 20355035 |
| evidence for mating between isolates of colletotrichum gloeosporioides with different host specificities. | individual isolates of the ubiquitous plant pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides (teleomorph glomerella cingulata) can have very restricted host ranges. isolates that share the same host range are considered to be genetically discrete units, and sexual compatibility has been reported to be limited to individuals that share the same host range. however, we have recently observed that some isolates of c. gloeosporioides that are specifically pathogenic to different, distantly-related hosts are ... | 1994 | 7915968 |
| extracellular alkaline proteinase of colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | the main proteinase of the filamentous fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnoses and serious problems for production and storage of agricultural products has molecular mass of 57 kd and was purified more than 200-fold to homogeneity with the yield of 5%. maximal activity of the proteinase is at ph 9.0-10.0, and the enzyme is stable at ph 6.0-11.5 (residual activity not less than 70%). the studied enzyme completely kept its activity to 55 degrees c, with a temperature optimum of ... | 2007 | 17447890 |
| bcl-2 proteins link programmed cell death with growth and morphogenetic adaptations in the fungal plant pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | proteins belonging to the bcl-2 family regulate apoptosis in mammals by controlling mitochondria efflux of cytochrome c and other apoptosis-related proteins. homologues of human bcl-2 proteins are found in different metazoan organisms where they play a similar role, while they seem to be absent in plants and fungi. nonetheless, bcl-2 protein members can induce or prevent yeast cell death, suggesting that enough functional conservation exists between apoptotic machineries of mammals and fungi. he ... | 2007 | 16950636 |
| diketopiperazines produced by endophytic fungi found in association with two asteraceae species. | diketopiperazine (dkp) derivatives, named colletopiperazine, fusaperazine c and e as well as four known dkps were isolated from cultures of colletotrichum gloeosporioides, penicillium crustosum, both endophytic fungi isolated from viguiera robusta, and a fusarium spp., an endophyte of viguiera arenaria, respectively. their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. conformational analysis of two known dkps showed that folded conformations were as energetically stable a ... | 2010 | 20541231 |
| high-efficiency transformation and selective tolerance against biotic and abiotic stress in mulberry, morus indica cv. k2, by constitutive and inducible expression of tobacco osmotin. | osmotin and osmotin-like proteins are stress proteins belonging to the plant pr-5 group of proteins induced in several plant species in response to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. we report here the overexpression of tobacco osmotin in transgenic mulberry plants under the control of a constitutive promoter (camv 35s) as well as a stress-inducible rd29a promoter. southern analysis of the transgenic plants revealed the stable integration of the introduced genes in the transformants. ... | 2011 | 20549349 |
| expression of delta(12) fatty acid desaturase during the induced accumulation of the antifungal diene in avocado fruits. | summary the preformed (z,z)-1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-12,15-diene (afd) is the most active antifungal compound in avocado; it affects the quiescence of colletotrichum gloeosporioides in unripe fruit. one of the genes encoding delta(12) fatty acid desaturase (avfad12) was hypothesized to take part in the biosynthesis of afd, and its expression pattern and enzymatic activity were determined in relation to the content of afd. using avfad12-3 as a probe, high levels of expression were dete ... | 2004 | 20565631 |
| entry mode-dependent function of an indole glucosinolate pathway in arabidopsis for nonhost resistance against anthracnose pathogens. | when faced with nonadapted fungal pathogens, arabidopsis thaliana mounts nonhost resistance responses, which typically result in the termination of early pathogenesis steps. we report that nonadapted anthracnose fungi engage two alternative entry modes during pathogenesis on leaves: turgor-mediated invasion beneath melanized appressoria, and a previously undiscovered hyphal tip-based entry (hte) that is independent of appressorium formation. the frequency of hte is positively regulated by carboh ... | 2010 | 20605856 |
| extending the fungal host range of a partitivirus and a mycoreovirus from rosellinia necatrix by inoculation of protoplasts with virus particles. | the potential host range of mycoviruses is poorly understood because of the lack of suitable inoculation methods. recently, successful transfection has been reported for somatically incompatible fungal isolates with purified virus particles of two mycoviruses, the partitivirus rnpv1-w8 (rnpv1) and the mycoreovirus rnmyrv3/w370 (myrv3), from the white root rot fungus rosellinia necatrix (class sordariomycetes, subclass xylariomycetidae). these studies examined and revealed the effect of the mycov ... | 2010 | 20701490 |
| sexual recombination in colletotrichum lindemuthianum occurs on a fine scale. | glomerella cingulata f. sp phaseoli is the sexual phase of the fungus colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal agent of common bean anthracnose. this fungus is of great concern, because it causes large economic losses in common bean crops. rapd markers of five populations of g. cingulata f. sp phaseoli from two brazilian states were analyzed to determine if this population possesses the sexual reproductive potential to generate the genetic variation that is observed in this phytopathogen. we id ... | 2010 | 20830667 |
| metallocene catalyzed synthesis of fungistatic vicinal aminoalcohols under solvent free conditions. | group 4 and 5 metallocenes, cp(2)ticl(2), cp(2)zrcl(2) and cp(2)vcl(2), have been evaluated as catalyst in the solvent free, room temperature, preparation of vicinal aminoalcohols. the regioselectivity of the reaction and the fungistatic activity of the prepared compounds against botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides are discussed. | 2010 | 20864345 |
| colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. associated with theobroma cacao and other plants in panama: multilocus phylogenies distinguish host-associated pathogens from asymptomatic endophytes. | colletotrichum interacts with numerous plant species overtly as symptomatic pathogens and cryptically as asymptomatic endophytes. it is not known whether these contrasting ecological modes are optional strategies expressed by individual colletotrichum species or whether a species' ecology is explicitly pathogenic or endophytic. we explored this question by inferring relationships among 77 c. gloeosporioides s.l. strains isolated from asymptomatic leaves and from anthracnose lesions on leaves and ... | 2010 | 20943565 |
| synthesis and free radical scavenging activity of a novel metabolite from the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | a novel metabolite (-)-1 was isolated as its peracetylated derivative, (-)-2-(3',4'-diacetoxyphenyl)-3,4-diacetoxytetrahydrofuran (2), from a strain of the phytopathogenic fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides cect 20122. the synthesis of (-)-1 was carried out by ring-closing metathesis of diene 6 and stereoselective dihydroxylation of a dihydrofuran derivative 7 as key steps. the tetraol (-)-1 showed free radical scavenging activity comparable to that of bht, caffeic acid or protocatechuic acid ... | 2006 | 16950623 |
| identification of a passiflora alata curtis dimeric peptide showing identity with 2s albumins. | antifungal proteins and peptides, essential compounds for plant defense, have been isolated from several tissues of various plants. these proteins could be used as a natural alternative to control phytopathogenic fungi. in this report a heterodimeric antifungal protein named pa-afp1, showing higher identity with the 2s albumin family, was purified by using 70-100% ammonium sulfate saturation and further purification steps such as anionic exchange q-sepharose chromatography associated with hplc r ... | 2010 | 20955745 |
| enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens in transgenic populus tomentosa carr. by overexpression of an nsltp-like antimicrobial protein gene from motherwort (leonurus japonicus). | the antimicrobial protein gene ljamp2 is a plant non-specific lipid transfer protein from motherwort (leonurus japonicus). in this study, it was introduced into chinese white poplar (populus tomentosa carr.) via agrobacterium-mediated transformation with neomycin phosphotransferase ii gene conferring kanamycin resistance as selectable marker. a total of 16 poplar lines were obtained, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis established the stable integration of transgenes in the plant genome ... | 2010 | 21084346 |
| [characterization of a bacterial biocontrol strain 1404 and its efficacy in controlling postharvest citrus anthracnose]. | anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides (penz.) sacc. is a main disease in citrus production. to develop an effective biocontrol measure against citrus postharvest anthracnose, we screened antagonistic microbes and obtained a bacterial strain 1404 from the rhizospheric soil of chili plants in nanning city, guangxi, china. the objectives of the present study were to: (1) identify and characterize the antagonistic bacterium; and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of the antagonistic strain ... | 2010 | 21090261 |
| evaluation of lactoperoxidase system treatment to reduce anthracnose, stem-end rot, and bacterial black spot development during storage of mangoes. | the lactoperoxidase system (lps) was evaluated for the prevention of postharvest diseases caused by xanthomonas campestris, botryodiplodia theobromae, and colletotrichum gloeosporioides in 'keitt' and 'kent' mangoes. the lps treatment significantly reduced the disease development on both cultivars after storage at 12 degrees c for 2 weeks, which was followed by a ripening at 25 degrees c. the lps treatment did not alter the sensory quality of mango fruits (color, firmness, titrable acidity, and ... | 2005 | 21132977 |
| characterization of colletotrichum species associated with diseases of proteaceae. | colletotrichum spp. are known to occur on and cause diseases of proteaceae, but their identities are confused and poorly understood. the aim of the present study thus was to identify accurately the colletotrichum spp. associated with diseases of cultivated proteaceae. colletotrichum spp. associated with proteaceous hosts growing in various parts of the world were identified based on morphology, sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region (its-1, its-2), the 5.8s gene, and partial seq ... | 2004 | 21148951 |
| colonization of cashew plants by lasiodiplodia theobromae: microscopical features. | lasiodiplodia theobromae is a phytopathogenic fungus causing gummosis, a threatening disease for cashew plants in brazil. in an attempt to investigate the ultrastructural features of the pathogen colonization and its response to immunofluorescence labeling, light, confocal and electron microscope studies were conducted on different severity scale patterns of diseased plants. lasiodiplodia-antisera was checked for cross reactivity against common cashew plants fungi. optical microscopy analysis re ... | 2010 | 21194959 |
| characterization of volatile constituents of haplopappus greenei and studies on the antifungal activity against phytopathogens. | essential oil of haplopappus greenei a. gray was obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts, which were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. major components were identified as carvacrol (8.7%), beta-pinene (7.6%), trans-pinocarveol (6.2%), and caryophyllene oxide (5.8%), respectively. in total, 104 components representing 84.9% of the investigated essential oil were characterized. furthermore, the essential oil was evaluated for antimalarial, ... | 2006 | 16608244 |
| novel bioactive metabolites producing endophytic fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides against multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus calls for inventive research and development strategies. inhibition of this bacterial pathogenesis may be a promising therapeutic approach. the screening of antimicrobial compounds from endophytes is a promising way to meet the increasing threat of drug-resistant strains of human and plant pathogens. in the present study, a novel endophytic fungus, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, was isolated from the medicinal plant vi ... | 2011 | 21219448 |
| generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags (ests) for marker development in yam (dioscorea alata l.). | anthracnose (colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is a major limiting factor in the production of yam (dioscorea spp.) worldwide. availability of high quality sequence information is necessary for designing molecular markers associated with resistance. however, very limited sequence information pertaining to yam is available at public genome databases. therefore, this collaborative project was developed for genetic improvement and germplasm characterization of yams using molecular markers. the curren ... | 2011 | 21303556 |
| osmotin purified from the latex of calotropis procera: biochemical characterization, biological activity and role in plant defense. | a protein, similar to osmotin- and thaumatin-like proteins, was purified from calotropis procera (ait.) r.br latex. the isolation procedure required two cation exchange chromatography steps on 50mm na-acetate buffer (ph 5.0) cm-sepharose fast flow and 25 mm na-phosphate buffer (ph 6.0) resource-s, respectively. the protein purity was confirmed by an unique n-terminal sequence [atftirnncpytiwaaavpgggrrlnsggtwtinvapgta]. the osmotin (cposm) appeared as a single band (20,100 da) in sodium dodecyl s ... | 2011 | 21334906 |
| pathogenicity for onion and genetic diversity of isolates of the pathogenic fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides (phyllachoraceae) from the state of pernambuco, brazil. | onion anthracnose, caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is one of the main diseases of onions in the state of pernambuco. we examined the pathogenicity of 15 c. gloeosporioides strains and analyzed their genetic variability using rapds and internal transcribed spacers (its) of the rdna region. ten of the strains were obtained from substrates and hosts other than onion, including chayote (sechium edule), guava (psidium guajava), pomegranate (punica granatum), water from the capibaribe river, ... | 2011 | 21365546 |
| microbial metabolism of a-mangostin isolated from garcinia mangostana l. | a-mangostin (1), a prenylated xanthone isolated from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l., was individually metabolized by two fungi, colletotrichum gloeosporioides (eyl131) and neosartorya spathulata (eyr042), repectively. incubation of 1 with c. gloeosporioides (eyl131) gave four metabolites which were identified as mangostin 3-sulfate (2), mangostanin 6-sulfate (3), 17,18-dihydroxymangostanin 6-sulfate (4)and isomangostanin 3-sulfate (5). compound 2 was also formed by incubation with n. s ... | 2011 | 21377704 |
| identification of actinomycetes from plant rhizospheric soils with inhibitory activity against colletotrichum spp., the causative agent of anthracnose disease. | | 2011 | 21457542 |
| antifungal activity of thiophenes from echinops ritro. | extracts from 30 plants of the greek flora were evaluated for their antifungal activity using direct bioautography assays with three colletotrichum species. among the bioactive extracts, the dichloromethane extract of the radix of echinops ritro (asteraceae) was the most potent. bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of eight thiophenes. antifungal activities of isolated compounds together with a previously isolated thiophene from echinops transiliensis were first eva ... | 2006 | 16506815 |
| species delimitation in fungal endophyte diversity studies and its implications in ecological and biogeographic inferences. | the estimation of species diversity in fungal endophyte communities is based either on species counts or on the assignment of operational taxonomic units (otus). consequently, the application of different species recognition criteria affects not only diversity estimates but also the ecological hypotheses that arise from those observations. the main objective of the study was to examine how the choice and number of genetic markers and species delimitation criteria influence biodiversity estimates ... | 2011 | 21557783 |
| induction of phenolic compounds in hypericum perforatum l. cells by colletotrichum gloeosporioides elicitation. | changes in phenolic metabolism after elicitation with colletotrichum gloeosporioides (cg) has been studied in hypericum perforatum l. (hp) cell suspension cultures. soluble phenolics were analysed by hplc-dad and hplc-dad-ms/ms. hp cultures elicited with the cg elicitor showed a significant increase in xanthone accumulation. xanthone accumulation increased twelve fold when the cells were primed with methyl-jasmonate (mej) or salicylic acid (sa), before elicitation. hp cultures exposed only to me ... | 2006 | 16324728 |
| arabidopsis enhanced disease resistance 1 is required for pathogen-induced expression of plant defensins in nonhost resistance and acts through interference of myc2-mediated repressor function. | arabidopsis thaliana exhibits durable resistance, called nonhost resistance, against non-adapted fungal pathogens that typically terminates pathogen entry. the pen2-dependent indole glucosinolate metabolism pathway is involved in preventing entry of a range of non-adapted fungi. here, we report that enhanced disease resistance 1 (edr1) functions in pre-invasive nonhost resistance. plants lacking edr1 exhibit impaired entry resistance to the non-adapted hemibiotrophic colletotrichum gloeosporioid ... | 2011 | 21605210 |
| antifungal activity of tuberose absolute and some of its constituents. | the antifungal activity of the absolute of tuberose (polianthes tuberosa ) and some of its constituents were evaluated against the mycelial growth of colletotrichum gloeosporioides on potato-dextrose-agar medium. tuberose absolute showed only mild activity at a concentration of 500 mg/l. however, three constituents present in the absolute, namely geraniol, indole and methyl anthranilate exhibited significant activity showing total inhibition of the mycelial growth at this concentration. | 2005 | 16106389 |
| a colletotrichum gloeosporioides-induced esterase gene of nonclimacteric pepper (capsicum annuum) fruit during ripening plays a role in resistance against fungal infection. | ripe fruits of pepper (capsicum annuum) are resistant to the anthracnose fungus, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, whereas unripe-mature fruits are susceptible. a pepper esterase gene (pepest) that is highly expressed during an incompatible interaction between the ripe fruit of pepper and c. gloeosporioides was previously cloned. deduced amino acid sequence of pepest cdna showed homology to both esterases and lipases, and contained -hgggf- and -gxsxg- motifs and a catalytic triad. inhibition of pe ... | 2005 | 16021337 |
| biotransformation of (+)-cycloisolongifolol by plant pathogenic fungus glomerella cingulata. | the biotransformation of terpenoids using the plant pathogenic fungus as a biocatalyst to produce useful novel organic compounds was investigated. the biotransformation of sesquiterpen alcohol, (+)-cycloisolongifolol (1) was investigated using plant pathogenic fungus glomerella cingulata as a biocatalyst. compound 1 gave one major metabolic product and a number of minor metabolic products. major product was dehydration at the c-8 position to (+)-dehydrocycloisolongifolene (2). the structure of t ... | 2007 | 17487618 |
| genetic differentiation of colletotrichum gloeosporioides and c. truncatum associated with anthracnose disease of papaya (carica papaya l.) and bell pepper (capsium annuum l.) based on its pcr-rflp fingerprinting. | members of the genus colletotrichum include some of the most economically important fungal pathogens in the world. accurate diagnosis is critical to devising disease management strategies. two species, colletotrichum gloeosporioides and c. truncatum, are responsible for anthracnose disease in papaya (carica papaya l.) and bell pepper (capsicum annuum l.) in trinidad. the its1-5.8s-its2 region of 48 colletotrichum isolates was sequenced, and the its pcr products were analyzed by pcr-rflp analysis ... | 2011 | 21720933 |
| antifungal activity of sakurasosaponin from the root extract of jacquinia flammea. | the methanolic crude extract from the roots of jacquinia flammea showed moderate antifungal activity against dermatophytes and very strong antifungal activity against colletotrichum gloeosporioides. the bioassay-guided purification of the extract, using a combination of vacuum-liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, allowed the identification of sakurasosaponin as the main metabolite responsible for the antifungal activity. | 2011 | 21740284 |
| biological control of anthracnose (colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in yam by streptomyces sp.mjm5763. | to find a suitable biocontrol agent for yam anthracnose caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | 2011 | 21714834 |
| antifungal activity of essential oil and its constituents from calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana florin leaf against plant pathogenic fungi. | resistance to conventional fungicides causes the poor disease control of agriculture. natural products from plants have great potential as novel fungicide sources for controlling pathogenic fungi. in this study antipathogenic activity of the leaf essential oil and its constituents from calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana florin were evaluated in vitro against six plant pathogenic fungi. chemical analysis of leaf oil by gc/ms allowed identification of alpha-pinene (44.2%), limonene (21.6%), beta ... | 2008 | 18206367 |
| microbial transformation of isopimpinellin by glomerella cingulata. | microbial transformation studies conducted on isopimpinellin (1) by the fungus glomerella cingulata have revealed that 1 was metabolized to give the corresponding reduced acid, 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-furano-hydrocoumaric acid (2). the structure of metabolite 2 was elucidated by high-resolution mass spectrometry (hr-ms), extensive nmr techniques, including (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, (1)h-(1)h correlation spectroscopy (cosy), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (hmqc) and heteonuclear multiple bond cohe ... | 2011 | 22027023 |
| development of new tools for studying gene function in fungi based on the gateway system. | genomic information of many fungi has been released but large scale functional genomic studies are still limited by a lack of high-throughput methods. the low rates of homologous recombination and low rates of transformation are limiting steps in filamentous fungi, but the molecular tools are also lagging behind. in this paper we describe two new high-throughput functional genomic tools for filamentous fungi that are based on the gateway technology. one system is the gateway rnai vector for fung ... | 2008 | 18550398 |
| structural analysis of fungal cerebrosides. | of the ceramide monohexosides (cmhs), gluco- and galactosyl-ceramides are the main neutral glycosphingolipids expressed in fungal cells. their structural determination is greatly dependent on the use of mass spectrometric techniques, including fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, electrospray ionization, and energy collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. nuclear magnetic resonance has also been used successfully. such a combination of techniques, combined with classical analytical ... | 2011 | 22164155 |
| multi-factor regulation of pectate lyase secretion by colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathogenic on avocado fruits. | tissue alkalinization during colletotrichum gloeosporioides attack enhances the expression of pelb, which encodes pectate lyase (pl), and pl secretion, which is considered essential for full virulence. we studied the regulation of pl secretion by manipulation of c. gloeosporioides pelb. pelb was down-regulated by knocking out pac1, which encodes the pacc transcription factor that regulates gene products with ph-sensitive activities. we functionally characterized a pacc gene homologue, pac1, from ... | 2008 | 18705870 |
| a novel antifungal protein from seeds of sesbania virgata (cav.) pers. (leguminosae-faboideae). | a novel antifungal protein with a molecular mass around 50 kda was purified from seeds of sesbania virgata (cav.) pers. using ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by gel filtration on a sephadex g-75 superfine (sigma) column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography on a c8 column. the protein, designated fp1-a, with a novel n-terminal sequence amvhspgg(s)fs(p), showed growth inhibitory activity of filamentous fungi aspergillus niger, cladosporium cladosporioides, colletotrichu ... | 2011 | 21881792 |
| Application of the Apn2/MAT locus to improve the systematics of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex: An example from coffee (Coffea spp.) hosts. | To improve phylogenetic resolution of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex we developed and tested the performance of a new set of primers for the Apn2/MAT locus with a case study of 22 isolates. These were isolated mainly from coffee plants and represent six divergent and well characterized species within the C. gloeosporioides complex. Following previous studies on this locus, we have generated sequence data from an expanded region (>4600 bp), revealing increased phylogenetic inf ... | 2011 | 22086913 |
| A new antifungal coumarin from Clausena excavata. | A new ?-lactone coumarin, named as excavarin-A, showing antifungal activity was isolated from the leaves of Clausena excavata by bioassay guided fractionation method. The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and identified as 7((2E)-4(4,5-dihydro-3-methylene-2-oxo-5-furanyl)-3-methylbut-2-enyloxy) coumarin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against fifteen fungal strains pathogenic against plants and human. The least MIC was recorded against the human patho ... | 2012 | 22088496 |
| Heterologous overexpression of Glomerella cingulata FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 22151971 |
| [identification and antagonistic activities of an endophytic bacterium mgp3 isolated from papaya fruit]. | postharvest decay resulted from anthracnose caused by pathogens colletotrichum gloeosporioides and blight diseases caused by phytophthora nicotianae leads to significant loss of papaya fruits. in order to reduce such loss, we isolated endophytic bacteria that may possess powerful antagonistic activities toward these pathogens for effective biological control of anthracnose and blight diseases. | 2011 | 22126080 |
| diversity and antimicrobial activities of the fungal endophyte community associated with the traditional brazilian medicinal plant solanum cernuum vell. (solanaceae). | the diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with the brazilian medicinal plant solanum cernuum vell. were studied during summer and winter seasons. a total of 246 fungal isolates were obtained, including 225 filamentous fungi and 21 yeasts. they were identified by morphological, physiological, and molecular methods. fifty-five different taxa represented by the phyla ascomycota (33 taxa), basidiomycota (21 taxa), and zygomycota (one taxon) were identified. the most a ... | 2011 | 22182199 |
| cloning and characterization of a pectin lyase gene from colletotrichum lindemuthianum and comparative phylogenetic/structural analyses with genes from phytopathogenic and saprophytic/opportunistic microorganisms. | abstract: background: microorganisms produce cell-wall-degrading enzymes as part of their strategies for plant invasion/nutrition. among these, pectin lyases (pnls) catalyze the depolymerization of esterified pectin by a beta-elimination mechanism. pnls are grouped together with pectate lyases (pl) in family 1 of the polysaccharide lyases, as they share a conserved structure in a parallel beta-helix. the best-characterized fungal pectin lyases are obtained from saprophytic/opportunistic fungi i ... | 2011 | 22151976 |
| isolation and characterization of trichoderma spp. for antagonistic activity against root rot and foliar pathogens. | trichoderma, soil-borne filamentous fungi, are capable of parasitising several plant pathogenic fungi. twelve isolates of trichoderma spp. isolated from different locations of south andaman were characterized for their cultural, morphological and antagonistic activity against soil borne and foliar borne pathogens. the sequencing of these isolates showed seven different species. the isolates revealed differential reaction patterns against the test pathogens viz., sclerotium rolfsii, colletotrichu ... | 2011 | 23729873 |
| production of prodigiosin and chitinases by tropical serratia marcescens strains with potential to control plant pathogens. | the potential of three serratia marcescens strains (cffsur-b2, cffsur-b3 and cffsur-b4) isolated from tropical regions in mexico to inhibit the mycelial growth and conidial germination of colletotrichum gloeosporioides, causal agent of fruit anthracnose, was evaluated. the ability of these strains to produce prodigiosin and chitinases when cultivated in oil seed-based media (peanut, sesame, soybean and castor bean) and in luria-bertani medium was determined. all of the strains exhibited similar ... | 2011 | 22806790 |
| diversity of plant oil seed-associated fungi isolated from seven oil-bearing seeds and their potential for the production of lipolytic enzymes. | commercial oil-yielding seeds (castor, coconut, neem, peanut, pongamia, rubber and sesame) were collected from different places in the state of tamil nadu (india) from which 1279 endophytic fungi were isolated. the oil-bearing seeds exhibited rich fungal diversity. high shannon-index h' was observed with pongamia seeds (2.847) while a low index occurred for coconut kernel-associated mycoflora (1.018). maximum colonization frequency (%) was observed for lasiodiplodia theobromae (176). dominance i ... | 2011 | 22806781 |
| an oxidized ergosterol from pleurotus cystidiosus active against anthracnose causing colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | this study was undertaken to study the antifungal activity of pleurotus cystidiosus against colletotrichum gloeosporioides. this was achieved by fractionating the mushroom, p. cystidiosus initially to acetone (a), dichloromethane (d), and hexane (h) and studying the antifungal activity using the standard poisoned food technique. all the test solutions used were in the concentration of 20,000 ppm. the percentage inhibition of extracts a, d, and h was 12, 7, and 0.4%, respectively. antifungal assa ... | 2009 | 18825508 |
| identification and biocontrol efficacy of streptomyces miharaensis producing filipin iii against fusarium wilt. | a number of bacterial strains were isolated from the internal tissue of trapa japonica. of these, strain kpe62302h, which had a 16s rdna sequence identical to that of streptomyces miharaensis showed antifungal activity against several plant pathogens. treatment of seeds with strain kpe62302h induced a significant reduction in the incidence of fusarium wilt in tomato plants compared with untreated controls. an antifungal substance (fp-1) was purified from the culture extract of strain kpe62302h u ... | 2011 | 22460913 |
| antifungal activity and isomerization of octadecyl p-coumarates from ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa. | bioassay monitored hplc assisted isolation and purification of the chief antifungal fraction of the leaves of ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (convulvulaceae) were achieved using colletotrichum gloeosporioides and cladosporium cucumerinum as test organisms. the activity of the purified fraction was further confirmed by the dose dependent inhibition of the spore germination of alternaria alternata and a. porri. the active fraction was identified as a mixture of (e)-octadecyl p-coumarate and (z)-o ... | 2011 | 22312731 |
| antifungal activity in ethanolic extracts of carica papaya l. cv. maradol leaves and seeds. | bioactive compounds from vegetal sources are a potential source of natural antifungic. an ethanol extraction was used to obtain bioactive compounds from carica papaya l. cv. maradol leaves and seeds of discarded ripe and unripe fruit. both, extraction time and the papaya tissue flour:organic solvent ratio significantly affected yield, with the longest time and highest flour:solvent ratio producing the highest yield. the effect of time on extraction efficiency was confirmed by qualitative identif ... | 2011 | 22282629 |
| pathogenic variation in colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting stylosanthes spp. in a center of diversity in brazil. | abstract pathogenic variation in colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting species of the tropical pasture legume stylosanthes at its center of diversity was determined from 296 isolates collected from wild host population and selected germ plasm of s. capitata, s. guianensis, s. scabra, and s. macrocephala in brazil. a putative host differential set comprising 11 accessions was selected from a bioassay of 18 isolates on 19 host accessions using principal component analysis. a similar analysis of ... | 2002 | 18943031 |
| glutathione and tryptophan metabolism are required for arabidopsis immunity during the hypersensitive response to hemibiotrophs. | the hypersensitive response (hr) is a type of strong immune response found in plants that is accompanied by localized cell death. however, it is unclear how hr can block a broad range of pathogens with different infective modes. in this study, we report that γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase gsh1, which is critical for glutathione biosynthesis, and tryptophan (trp) metabolism contribute to hr and block development of fungal pathogens with hemibiotrophic infective modes. we found that gsh1 is involve ... | 2013 | 23696664 |
| developmentally regulated sesquiterpene production confers resistance to colletotrichum gloeosporioides in ripe pepper fruits. | sesquiterpenoid capsidiol, exhibiting antifungal activity against pathogenic fungus, is accumulated in infected ripe pepper fruits. in this study, we found a negative relation between the capsidiol level and lesion size in fruits infected with colletotrichum gloeosporioides, depending on the stage of ripening. to understand the developmental regulation of capsidiol biosynthesis, fungal-induced gene expressions in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways were examined in unripe and ripe pepper fruits ... | 2014 | 25286411 |
| genetic diversity in colletotrichum gloeosporioides from stylosanthes spp. at centers of origin and utilization. | abstract using molecular markers, this work compares the genetic diversity in colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting species of the tropical forage legume stylosanthes at the center of origin in brazil and colombia with that of australia, china, and india, where stylosanthes spp. have been introduced for commercial use. there was extensive diversity in the pathogen population from brazil, colombia, china, and india. the australian pathogen population was least diverse probably due to its geogr ... | 2003 | 18943132 |
| control of colletotrichum gloeosporioides (penz.) sacc. in yellow passion fruit using cymbopogon citratus essential oil. | the use of antibiotics in agriculture is limited when compared to their applications in human and veterinary medicine. on the other hand, the use of antimicrobials in agriculture contributes to the drug resistance of human pathogens and has stimulated the search for new antibiotics from natural products. essential oils have been shown to exert several biological activities including antibacterial and antifungal actions. the aim of this study was to determine the activity of 28 essential oils fro ... | 2010 | 24031465 |
| an aboveground pathogen inhibits belowground rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phaseolus vulgaris. | induced aboveground plant defenses against pathogens can have negative effects on belowground microbial symbionts. while a considerable number of studies have utilized chemical elicitors to experimentally induce such defenses, there is surprisingly little evidence that actual aboveground pathogens affect root-associated microbes. we report here that an aboveground fungal pathogen of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) induces a defense response that inhibits both the belowground formation of root n ... | 2014 | 25429887 |
| the endochitinase chia btt of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 and its potential use to control the phytopathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 has been studied extensively and spore/crystal mixtures of this strain are used widely in commercial products to control coleopteran pests. the endochitinase chia btt gene of b. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant 6x-histidine tagged protein (rchia btt, ~74 kda), was purified by a hitrap ni affinity column. the km of rchia btt was 0.847 μmol l(-1) and its optimal activity occurr ... | 2016 | 27173732 |
| genetic transformation with the gfp gene of colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolates from coffee with blister spot. | blister spot (colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is now widespread in most coffee producing states of brazil, becoming a limiting factor for production. the lack of data relating to the reproduction of typical symptoms (light green, oily patches) leaves a gap within the pathosystem, forcing the search for new methodologies for monitoring the disease. monitoring of genetically modified organisms has proven to be an effective tool in understanding the host × pathogen interactions. thus, the present s ... | 2012 | 24031947 |
| essential oil prepared from cymbopogon citrates exerted an antimicrobial activity against plant pathogenic and medical microorganisms. | essential oils are mixtures of volatile, lipophilic compounds originating from plants. some essential oils have useful biological activities including antimicrobial, spasmolytic, antiplasmodial, and insect-repelling activities. in this study, we tested the antimicrobial activity of essential oil prepared from the aromatic plant, cymbopogon citrates, against three important plant pathogenic and medical microorganisms, pectobacterium carotovorum, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and aspergillus nig ... | 2009 | 23983507 |
| physcomitrella patens activates defense responses against the pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | the moss physcomitrella patens is a suitable model plant to analyze the activation of defense mechanisms after pathogen assault. in this study, we show that colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from symptomatic citrus fruit infects p. patens and cause disease symptoms evidenced by browning and maceration of tissues. after c. gloeosporioides infection, p. patens reinforces the cell wall by the incorporation of phenolic compounds and induces the expression of a dirigent-protein-like encoding ge ... | 2015 | 26389888 |
| antibacterial and antifungal activities of stereum ostrea, an inedible wild mushroom. | antibacterial and antifungal activities of liquid culture filtrate, water and ethanol extract (solid culture) of stereum ostrea were evaluated against 5 bacteria and 3 plant pathogenic fungi. to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic), we studied 5~300 mg/ml concentrations against bacteria and fungi separately. the mic was 10 mg/ml for bacillus subtilis and 40 mg/ml for colletotrichum gloeosporioides and colletotrichum miyabeanus. liquid culture filtrate was more effective against g ... | 2007 | 24015099 |
| first total syntheses and antimicrobial evaluation of penicimonoterpene, a marine-derived monoterpenoid, and its various derivatives. | the first total synthesis of marine-derived penicimonoterpene (±)-1 has been achieved in four steps from 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one using a reformatsky reaction as the key step to construct the basic carbon skeleton. a total of 24 new derivatives of 1 have also been designed and synthesized. their structures were characterized by analysis of their 1h nmr, 13c nmr and hresims data. some of them showed significant antibacterial activity against aeromonas hydrophila, escherichia coli, micrococcus lute ... | 2014 | 24897384 |
| selection for pathogenicity to strawberry in populations of colletotrichum gloeosporioides from native plants. | abstract colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes a serious crown rot of strawberry and some isolates from native plants are pathogenic to strawberry. c. gloeosporioides from lesions on wild grape and oak were sampled at two sites adjacent to commercial strawberry fields in florida and two distant sites. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) marker data and restriction enzyme digests of amplified rdna were used to determine whether isolates were from the same c. gloeosporioides subgroup that infe ... | 2007 | 18944178 |
| the analysis of fruit protection mechanisms provided by reduced-pathogenicity mutants of colletotrichum gloeosporioides obtained by restriction enzyme mediated integration. | abstract colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an important postharvest pathogen that attacks ripe avocado fruit. two reduced-pathogenicity mutants, cg-m-142 and cg-m-1150, previously obtained by restriction enzyme mediated integration, were used for the sequential analysis of the induction of biocontrol in avocado fruit. plant biochemical indicators, such as h(+)-atpase activity and levels of reactive oxygen species, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, epicatechin, and an antifungal diene, were investigat ... | 2002 | 18944245 |
| cloning of insertion site flanking sequence and construction of transfer dna insert mutant library in stylosanthes colletotrichum. | stylosanthes sp. is the most important forage legume in tropical areas worldwide. stylosanthes anthracnose, which is mainly caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a globally severe disease in stylo production. little progress has been made in anthracnose molecular pathogenesis research. in this study, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was used to transform stylosanthes colletotrichum strain ch008. the major factors of the genetic transformation system of s. colletotrichum w ... | 2014 | 25361073 |
| identification of virulence genes in the crucifer anthracnose fungus colletotrichum higginsianum by insertional mutagenesis. | to investigate the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying virulence of colletotrichum higginsianum on arabidopsis thaliana, a t-dna insertion mutant library of c. higginsianum, the causal agent of crucifer anthracnose, was established using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. among 875 transformants tested for virulence on arabidopsis, six mutants with altered virulence, including an appressorial melanin-deficient mutant t734, two mutants defective in penetration, t45 and b30 ... | 2013 | 23806215 |
| identifying pathogenicity genes in the rubber tree anthracnose fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides through random insertional mutagenesis. | to gain more insight into the molecular mechanisms of colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathogenesis, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used to identify mutants of c. gloeosporioides impaired in pathogenicity. an atmt library of 4128 c. gloeosporioides transformants was generated. transformants were screened for defects in pathogenicity with a detached copper brown leaf assay. 32 mutants showing reproducible pathogenicity defects were obtained. southern blot analysis show ... | 2013 | 23602122 |
| characterization of alcaligenes faecalis strain ad15 indicating biocontrol activity against plant pathogens. | bacterial strain possessing both bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity (biocontrol activity) against pathogens of cyclamen (cyclamen sp.) was isolated from the soil in gifu prefecture, japan, and characterized with respect to its taxonomic and biocontrol properties. the sequence of its 16s rrna gene, morphology, biochemistry, and fatty acid composition demonstrated that it is a strain most closely related to alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis lmg 1229(t). the isolate was named a. faecalis st ... | 2013 | 23759862 |
| triterpenoids from the herbs of salicornia bigelovii. | a new nortriterpene saponin, 3-o-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-30-norolean-12,20(29)-dien-23- oxo-28-oic acid, namely bigelovii d (11), was isolated from the hydroalcoholic extract of herbs of salicornia bigelovii along with 10 known saponins (1-10). their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including two-dimensional nmr and a comparison with literature data. some of these compounds showed potent antifungal activities in vitro. compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 11 d ... | 2015 | 26569214 |
| fungistatic activity of zanthoxylum rhoifolium lam. bark extracts against fungal plant pathogens and investigation on mechanism of action in botrytis cinerea. | plant-derived compounds are emerging as an alternative choice to synthetic fungicides. chloroform-methanol extract, obtained from the bark of zanthoxylum rhoifolium, a member of rutaceae, showed a fungistatic effect on botrytis cinerea, sclerotinia sclerotiorum, alternaria alternata, colletotrichum gloeosporioides and clonostachys rosea, when added to the growth medium at different concentrations. a fraction obtained by gel separation and containing the alkaloid o-methylcapaurine showed signific ... | 2015 | 25589008 |
| [diversity and community structure of endophytic fungi from taxus chinensis var. mairei]. | a total of 628 endophytic fungi were isolated from 480 tissue segments of needles and branches of taxus chinensis var. mairei. according to morphological characteristics and its sequences, they represented 43 taxa in 28 genera, of which 10 hyphomycetes, 20 coelomycetes, 12 ascomycetes and 1 unknown fungus. phomopsis mali was confirmed as the dominant species. in accordance with relative frequency, alternaria alternata, aureobasidium pullulans, colletotrichum boninense, c. gloeosporioides, epicoc ... | 2014 | 25345060 |
| [species and ecological control of disease on cultivated gentiana rigescens in yunnan]. | to find out variety of the fungal diseases of cultivated gentiana rigescens and provide important basis for prevention. | 2012 | 22734403 |
| metabolites from aspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus associated with melia azedarach, and their antifungal, antifeedant, and toxic activities. | thirty-nine fungal metabolites 1-39, including two new alkaloids, 12β-hydroxy-13α-methoxyverruculogen tr-2 (6) and 3-hydroxyfumiquinazoline a (16), were isolated from the fermentation broth of aspergillus fumigatus ln-4, an endophytic fungus isolated from the stem bark of melia azedarach. their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis (mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nmr experiments) and by comparison of their nmr data with those reported in the l ... | 2012 | 22409377 |
| [phaeohyphomycosis caused by colletotrichum gloeosporioides and alternaría infectoria in renal transplant recipient]. | several species of black fungi have been reported as agents of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. although most of these fungi are considered opportunistic pathogens, they play an important role in phaeohyphomycosis, a disease considered an emergent mycosis among solid organ recipients. we report a case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by alternaria infectoria of the left hand and the 4th finger of the right hand of a 68-year-old male who underwent a renal transplant 35 months before. the lesion was tre ... | 2014 | 25327202 |
| identification and characterization of an antifungal protein, afafpr9, produced by marine-derived aspergillus fumigatus r9. | a fungal strain, r9, was isolated from the south atlantic sediment sample and identified as aspergillus fumigatus. an antifungal protein, afafpr9, was purified from the culture supernatant of aspergillus fumigatus r9. afafpr9 was identified to be restrictocin, which is a member of the ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips), by maldi-tof-tof-ms. afafpr9 displayed antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fusarium oxysporum, alternaria longipes, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, paecilomyces vario ... | 2015 | 25394604 |
| seedborne pathogenic fungi in common bean (phaseolus vulgaris cv. inta rojo) in nicaragua. | common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) is an important legume with high nutritional value. in nicaragua, certified healthy seeds of local bean varieties are not available, and seedborne fungi have gained little attention. here, were surveyed seedborne pathogenic fungi in an important local bean cultivar, 'inta rojo'. beans grown in the four main production areas in nicaragua (boaco, carazo, estelí, matagalpa) for future use as seed stock were sampled from four seed storehouses and six seed lots. a ... | 2016 | 27997595 |