Publications

distribution, fauna and seasonal variation of sandflies, simultaneous detection of nuclear internal transcribed spacer ribosomal dna gene of leishmania major in rhombomys opimus and phlebotomus papatasi, in natanz district in central part of iran.	zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) due to leishmania major is increasing in many parts of iran. this disease originally is a disease found in gerbils. leishmania parasites are transmitted by sandflies that live and breed in gerbil burrows. nested pcr amplified leishmania its1-5.8s rrna gene in both main reservoir host "rhombomys opimus" and in the "phlebotomus papatasi" main vector of zcl, in iran. population differentiation and seasonal variation of sandflies were analyzed at a microgeograp ...	0	22801285
[cutaneous leishmaniasis in rhombomys opimus caused by leishmania tropica].		1953	13125103
[susceptibility of rhombomys opimus licht. to anthrax].		1958	13626113
[a case of the isolation of hemorrhagic septicemia pathogens from rhombomys opimus].		1961	13686164
[experimental studies on the sensitivity to tularemia of and some characteristics of the course this infection in rhombomys opimus].		1961	14470481
[on the epidemiology and epizootology of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the rural type in the karshinsk oasis in the uzbek ssr. iii. on the problem of the seasonal factor in the infection of rhombomys opimus light with leishmaniasis].		1961	13912562
[on the epidemiology and epizootology of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the rural type in the karshi oasis in the uzbek soviet socialist republic. v. on the duration of preservation of leishmania in rhombomys opimus in natural conditions].		1962	13912563
[on the epidemiology and epizootology of cutaneous leishmaniasis of the rural type in the karshi oasis of the uzbek ssr. iv. physiological status, age composition and infestation of sandflies originating from colonies of rhombomys opimus].		1962	13885584
[on the problem of natural immunity to plague in rhombomys opimus].		1963	14013227
[transplacental (passive) transfer of plague antibodies to the progeny of rhombomys opimus. serological examinations in plague].		1963	14070887
[on the fate of plague bacteriophage in the body of healthy and plague-infected rhombomys opimus and possible pathways of transmission under experimental conditions].		1963	14077138
[data on study of the duration of the incubation period in natural leishmaniasis in rhombomys opimus licht].		1963	14159546
[on duration of the course of leishmaniasis in rhombomys opimus licht].		1964	14177710
[on the nature of bacterial strains isolated from rhombomys opimus in the tedzhen-murghab interfluvial area (turkmen ssr)].		1965	14270023
[duration of the presence of plague and pseudotuberculosis bacteriophages from the organism of rhombomys opimus].		1965	5894172
[on the flight of phlebotomus from colonies of rhombomys opimus].		1966	6012302
[duration of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rhombomys opimus licht. and its relation to the season in which the animals acquire the infection].		1966	6012304
[susceptibility of some laboratory and wild mammals to infection by uzbek strains of leishmania tropica major isolated from gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.)].		1966	4238258
[the extent of development of leishmanioma as an indication of the intensity of cutaneous leishmaniasis epizootics in populations of gerbils rhombomys opimus licht].		1966	4238259
[experiments on feeding sandflies (phlebotominae) of great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht) under nearly natural conditions].		1968	5715120
[the seasonal development of epizootics of cutaneous leishmaniasis among rhombomys opimus under different regional conditions].		1969	5400213
[evaluation of the capacity of mosquitoes (phlebotomidae) for transmission of leishmania tropica major among large gerbils (rhombomys opimus)].		1970	5469825
[methods of field study of great gerbils (rhombomys opimus) in estimation of the level of their infettion rate with cutaneous lesshmaniasis].		1970	5482477
structure of natural foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and its relationship to regional morphology.	zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is still a public health problem in central asia. to control the outbreaks, different control measures are required in different regions and comprehensive information is required about natural foci.the term landsaft, used by soviet geographers to denote particular geographical regions, is defined and this concept is used in examining the natural focality of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the south of the turkmen ssr.the main reservoir species in this area wa ...	1971	5316259
[effect of sevin on the reproductive capacity of the great gerbil following treatment of vegetation on its colonies].		1971	5005573
[virulence of leishmania during the chronic course of cutaneous leishmaniasis in great gerbils and lybian jirds].		1972	5055831
[infection of great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) with the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania tropica major) in the karakalpak assr].		1972	5085912
[parasitic contacts between large gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) and yellow ground squirrels (citellus fulvus licht.) in prichuiskie muiunkumy].		1972	4663127
[unification of methods of evaluation of the number of sandflies. report i. comparative evaluation of various methods of counting sandflies in colonies of large gerbils(rhombomys opimus)].		1973	4805400
[some mechanisms of distribution of highly virulent strains of leishmania tropica major isolated from the large gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht.) in karshinsk steppe].		1973	4281857
the flea fauna of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht.) in iran.		1973	4273103
[comparison of the external manifestation of the leishmaniasis process in laboratory golden hamsters infected with strains of leishmania tropica major and in great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.), donors of the tested strains].		1973	4273952
[distribution patterns of sandflies of the genus phlebotomus in colonies of the great gerbil on the territory of the karshi steppe].		1974	4279038
[unification of the methods for assessing the number of sandflies (phlebotomidae). iii. the characteristics of the abundance of sandflies on individual sections of the territory occupied by colonies of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus)].		1974	4456173
[organization and results of the control of great gerbils in foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the karshi steppe in 1972].		1974	4278448
[serological study of nontriturated fleas following preliminary cultivation of the plague microbe].	under experimental conditions there was shown a possibility of serological study of nontriturated fleas for the presence of past. pestis. hottinger's broth with gentian-violet ((0.0003%) sodium sulfite (0.03%) and a surfactant--o (see article)-7 (3%) served as the growing medium. after the nontriturated fleas were grown for 48 hours at 37 degrees c the capsular antigen was detected with the aid of the passive hemagglutination and antibody neutralization tests. detection of the capsular antigen i ...	1975	123679
[biological properties of leishmania strains isolated from sandflies of the phlebotomus caucasicus group from burrows of great gerbils in the territory between the murgab and amu-darya rivers].		1975	130534
[the histological structure of the adrenals in three species of desert rodents].	distinctions of the histological structure of the adrenal gland are especially pronounced in the order of rodents where even the generally accepted scheme of the zonal nature of the adrenal cortex proves to be insufficient for description. under study was the histological structure of the adrenal of the gopher spermophilopsis leptodactylus l., jerboa dipus sagitta pall. and gerbil rhombomys opimus. the material of the study consisted of the adrenals of animals at different age and sex from the ...	1975	1131032
"karshi" virus, a new flavivirus (togaviridae) isolated from ornithodoros papillipes (birula, 1895) ticks in uzbek s.s.r.	three identical strains of an arbovirus were isolated from 475 ornithodoros papillipes ticks collected in june, 1972, in burrows of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht., 1882) in the environs of beshkent, karshinsk steppe, uzbek s.s.r. the isolate was found to range among flaviviruses. complement-fixation, agar diffusion precipitation and neutralization tests is tissue culture and mice indicated a one-way antigenic relationship between the isolate and west nile virus. however, the pattern o ...	1976	130853
[gamasid mites of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus) in the submontane plains of the kopetdag].		1976	131239
[intensity of parasitic contacts in the colonies of large gerbils under conditions of different population density of the animals and their fleas].	in the period from april to may and september to october of 1967--1973 in the mujun-kum a radioactive tracing of great gerbils was carried out. in all 225 tests were conducted. the greatest intensity of parasitic contacts between the animals was noted at their average quantity. its further rise does not result in the increase of the parasitic relations. if the number of fleas is high the parasitic contacts level even at the relatively low number of great gerbils is usually high enough for a furt ...	1976	141021
[long-term phenological observations on flies, inhabitants of burrows of great gerbils in the karshinskaia steppe: phenology of phlebotomus papatasi].	observations conducted over a period of 1960--1973 in the uzbek ssr have shown that ph. papatasi has two generations a year. the flight of sand flies in the oasis begins as a rule in the middle of may and lasts to the middle of september with peaks at the beginning of june and the end of july--beginning of august. shifts in the main phenological dates in the same observation site are no more than two weeks. in desert territories situated southwards from the oasis phenological dates pass ahead th ...	1976	141022
epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran: b. khorassan part v: report on a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in esferayen.	during august and september 1975, an epidemiological investigation was carried out in another focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in khorassan province namely the esferayen district located in the north western part of this province. the disease in esferayen area is of zoonotic type having rhombomys opimus as reservoir and p. papatasi as vector.	1976	1037090
[phenology of sandflies of the subspecies paraphlebotomus inhabiting the burrow of the great gerbil in the karshi steppe].	oberservations were conducted (1960 to 1973) on the sand flies of the subgenus paraphlebotomus inhabiting the burrows of rhombomys opimus in the karshinskaya steppe (uzbekistan). ph. mongolensis is most abundant in oasis, ph. caucasicus--in loess low-mountain areas. throughout the territory investigated ph. mongolensis has two generations per season. the emergence of imago of this species in oasis begins early in may with the first peak of abundance at the end of may--beginning of june and with ...	1977	145567
[distribution characteristics of leishmania tropica major strains of differing virulence in natural and territorial complexes of the murgab eco-area (southeastern turkmenistan)].	in september--october of 1973 and 1974 263 specimens of rhombomys opimus were shot in the territory of the murghab stationar. the seeding of the material (a piece of tissue) from all animals into nnn medium was done. 9 strains of l. tropica major were isolated from this material the virulence of which was studied on 2.5--3 months--old golden hamsters, cricetus auratus. differences in the virulence of the isolated strains according to their natural-territorial complexes are shown. these differenc ...	1977	145568
[rodent thyroid gland function under hot climatic conditions].	studies have been made on the effect of high temperature and intensive insolation upon the uptake of iodide and hormone formation in the thyroid of rodents (rhombomys opimus, spermophilopsis leptodactylus, citellus fulvus) with different adaptation to the environment. it was shown that high temperature in combination with solar radiation significantly decreases functional activity of the thyroid and affects some of the physiological indices of the organism. animals with different ecological spec ...	1977	899379
studies on the epidemiology of sandfly fever in iran. ii. the prevalence of human and animal infection with five phlebotomus fever virus serotypes in isfahan province.	human and animal sera from an endemic area of sandfly fever in iran were tested by plaque reduction neutralization method against five different phlebotomus fever virus serotypes (naples, sicilian, karimabad, salehabad, and i-47). the overall prevalence of naples, sicilian, and karimabad virus antibodies among the human population was 17%, 25%, and 66%, respectively. all sera were negative against salehabad and i-47 viruses. age-specific antibody rates suggested that sicilian and karimabad virus ...	1977	192093
identification and study of a poxvirus isolated from wild rodents in turkmenia.	a new poxvirus was isolated in 1974 from the kidney of a wild big gerbil (rhombomys opimus) caught in turkmenia, where these gerbils are wide-spread. the virus resembles cowpox virus and is markedly different from the virus of infectious ectromelia, the best-known poxvirus of rodents. the new virus is apparently identical to other poxvirus isolates made from white rats and felidae in the moscow zoo. experimental inoculation of the natural hosts--big gerbils and yellow susliks (citellus fulvus)-- ...	1978	204271
[state of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurocirculatory system of the gerbil, rhombomys opimus, during dehydration].	big gerbils, inhabitants of desert, were found to have indices of an increased functional activity of hhns: low content of neurosecretory material all over the system, relatively large volumes of neurosecretory cell nuclei and nucleoli, hyperemia. under the condition of a seven-day dehydration, the neurosecretory material reduction in all links of hhns, enlargement of neurosecretory cell nuclei and nucleoli, intensification of hyperemia were found. with the increase in dehydration time to 23 day ...	1978	629114
[phenology of sandflies of the genus sergentomyia in the karshi steppe (phlebotominae)].	phenological observations on sand flies of the genus sergentomyia inhabiting the burrows of rhombomys opimus from the karshinskaya steppe were carried out for many years. the emergence of two mass generations of s. arpaklensis and s. grekovi was noted for the spring-summer period. in s. arpaklensis from oasis the appearance of the first individuals was noted mostly often in the ii--iii decade of may, the first peak of abundance--in the ii--iii decade of june and the second peak of abundance--ear ...	1978	149937
[chim virus, a new arbovirus isolated from ixodid and argasid ticks collected in the burrows of great gerbils on the territory of the uzbek ssr].	five strains of hitherto unknown arbovirus designated chim by the place of primary collection of ticks was isolated from ixodid and argasid ticks collected in the uzbek ssr in burrows of great gerbils. the virus has no antigenic relationships with arboviruses previously isolated from ticks, its size varies from 100 to 220 nm, it contains rna and has a lipid-containing envelope. chim virus is pathogenic only for suckling mice by the intracerebral route and exerts cytopathic effect in continuous l ...	1979	156985
epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in afghanistan. part i: zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.	from june to september 1977, a preliminary epidemiological investigation was carried out in some parts of northern afghanistan (aqcha, mazar-e-sharif and paul-e-khombri). the disease in these areas is of zoonotic type having rhombomys opimus as reservoir and p. caucasicus and p. papatasi as vectors.	1979	498385
[the lice of the gerbils of tajikistan].	2606 gerbils of four species from tajikistan were examined. on them there were found over 14 thousand sucking lice of 10 species, four of which are typical to gerbils. hoplopleura merionidis ferris is a mongolian-turkestan species, which in central asia parasitizes meriones meridianus pallas and m. unguiculatus milne-edw. and in middle asia--m. meridianus and m. erythrourus gray, seldom m. tamariscinus pallas. polyplax chinensis ferris, a parasite of m. meridianus, is a mongolian-turkestan speci ...	1979	95816
[the participation of the gastrointestinal tract of desert rodents in osmoregulation].	studies have been made on the levels of na, k and water in the content of rectum and blind gut of the albino rat rattus norvegicus and gerbils rhombomys opimus, meriones tamariscinus and m. meridianus under conventional water and salt supply and during prolonged water deprivation of animals. it was shown that under conventional conditions, the content of water, na and k in the chymus of the blind gut is higher in gerbils than in rats. after 7-day dehydration in rats, the body weight decreased by ...	1979	95853
[parasitic contacts between the great, red-tailed and midday gerbils in the muyun-kum].	interspecies epizootic parasitic contacts between rodents, bearers of plague in mujunkums, have been studied. rhombomys opimus, meriones meridianus and m. libicus were marked with different radioactive isotopes. a bilataral exchange with fleas between great gerbils and rodents of the genus meriones has been established. the exchange proceeded in the direction from rodents of the genus meriones to great gerbils. theoretically each rodent of meriones meridianus and m. libicus fallen ill with plagu ...	1980	6445533
[study of virulence of the leishmania tropica major strains isolated from gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) under different landscape condition in turkmenistan].		1980	6446666
[isolation of the isfahan virus in turkmenia].	this is a first report on the isolation in the ussr of isfahan virus belonging to the rhabdoviridae family. two strains, t-200 and t-227, were isolated from a pool of 100 and 95 engorged phlebotomus papatasi females collected in colonies of great gerbils in june and august, 1979, in the kirov district, turkmenia. according to the results of previous investigations, the human population and great gerbils in this areas were frequently found to have antibody to isfahan virus. the strains were ident ...	1980	6449116
[incidence of infestation of great gerbils (rhombanys opimus, licht.) by leishmania major during years of their population depression].		1981	6453276
the effect of several endocrine factors on the growth of ventral sebaceous gland of rhombomys opimus (rodentia, mammalia) in diffusion chambers.	the growth of cells of ventral sebaceous gland of rhombomys opimus was studied in diffusion chambers. the surface properties of these cells and intercellular contacts have been examined in the scanning electron microscope. after 10 to 12 days of cultivation the cells formed aggregates showing a recognizable histological pattern (the ventral sebaceous gland). the pituitary and ovarian gland explants had a significant effect on the differentiation and mitotic activity of epithelial cells of the ve ...	1982	7148261
[comparative study of the antigenic properties and virulence of leishmania clones (trypanosomatidae, leishmania)].	a relation between antigenic properties and virulence of leishmania clones were studied. the clones were obtained from a naturally infected sandfly (phlebotomus of the group caucasicus) caught in the burrow of great gerbil in turkmenia. antigenic properties of the clones were studied by means of adler's test (safjanova's modification); the virulence of the clones was studied on golden hamsters by means of standard technique. there was revealed heterogenicity of the phlebotomus strain of leishman ...	1982	7155626
a simple technique for preparation of smears from the ear of rhombomys opimus for the detection of leishmanial infection.		1982	7179430
[isolation of l-form of yersinia pestis from wild rodents in an epizootic focus].	four y. pestis cultures with unbalanced growth and 15 y. pestis cultures in unstable l-forms were isolated from wild rodents rhombomys opimus in the vicinity of lake balkhash. morphologically they were mainly represented by granular, spheroplast-like and filiform elements. when stained with luminescent serum, they acquired specific fluorescence; in indirect hemagglutination they yielded positive result. electron microscopy revealed the presence of morphological elements characteristic of the pro ...	1982	7180264
volume and ion regulating renal functions in the big gerbil (rhombomys opimus l.) and the water vole (arvicola terrestris l.).	1. after iso-osmotic salt loading (1% nacl, 1.25% kcl, 0.75% mgcl2 solutions, each load making up 5% body weight) the water voles excreted 66.2% sodium, 84.4% potassium, 18.8% magnesium over a 4 hr period. the big gerbil excreted 20%, 58.9% and 7.1% respectively over the same period. the volume of the water excreted was greater in the case of the water vole. 2. there were no considerable changes in plasma ion concentration in rodents of the species studied after salt loading. 3. the gerbils and ...	1982	6126297
[experimental tick-borne rickettsiosis in murine rodents].	the comparative study of the duration and level of rickettsiemia in wild rodents, natural carriers of rickettsiosis, after their experimental infection with rickettsia sibirica has been carried out. all those species under study (common voles, meadow mice and great gerbils) have been found to be faintly susceptible to this infective agent. large infective doses produce no visible signs of the disease in these animals, rickettsiemia for a short time and its level is not high. great gerbils have b ...	1983	6342312
[effect of multiple sandfly attacks and superinfections on the degree of the external manifestations of leishmaniasis in great gerbils].		1983	6855708
seasonal and hourly activity of rhombomys opimus in the endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in isfahan, iran.	for the study of the seasonal and hourly activity of the great gerbil, rhombomys opimus in an endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (isfahan), two colonies were selected in which the number of gerbils was counted by visual sighting. the study shows that the gerbils are quite active from august through december. after a decrease in january and february, once again they become active but not as much as early autumn. in the hot months of the year the gerbils are active only early in the ...	1983	6872105
the characterization by isoenzyme electrophoresis of leishmania isolated in the people's republic of china.	seven isolates of leishmania from mainland china were characterized on the basis of their isoenzyme profiles for 10 enzymes. five isolates were from human visceral leishmaniasis patients, and four of these showed isoenzyme patterns similar to the marker strain of leishmania infantum, while one was similar to l. donovani sensu lato. one isolate was from a presumed reservoir host of human visceral leishmaniasis, the racoon dog nyctereutes procyanoides, and was isoenzymically indistinguishable from ...	1984	6506159
application of the indirect fluorescent antibody test in serodiagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in experimentally infected mice and naturally infected rhombomys opimus.	the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was used to detect leishmanial antibodies in experimentally inoculated mice with promastigote forms of leishmania major, l. tropica and l. donovani infantum and in naturally infected rhombomys opimus captured from the area endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis in esfahan, iran. in the mice inoculated with l. major, the leishmanial lesion appeared at the site of inoculation and the leishmanial antibody level was much higher than in mice inoculated with ...	1984	6369653
[isolation of tamdy virus (bunyaviridae) pathogenic for man from natural sources in central asia, kazakhstan and transcaucasia].	isolation of 47 strains of tamdy virus (bunyaviridae) in the uzbek ssr, turkmen ssr, armenian ssr, kazakh ssr, and kirghiz ssr was analysed. thirty-two strains were isolated from hyalomma asiaticum ticks in which transovarial transmission of the virus was demonstrated. three subspecies of h. asiaticum are associated with semi-desert and desert landscapes of the asian continent. the association of tamdy virus with hosts of various stages of metamorphosis of the ticks, in particular, with cattle a ...	1984	6238483
a new leishmanial parasite of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus) in the ussr.		1985	3832499
[geographical variability of the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis].	a study of the phenetics of the zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis agent in uzbekistan and subzone of southern and northern deserts has made it possible to separate a northern population (or a group of populations) of the agent. it differs from the southern population (or southern ones) in having smaller sizes of the amastigote stage, greater abundance of parasites in cutaneous affections of gerbils, milder progress of leishmaniasis in white mice and great gerbils. this population can be called pr ...	1985	3160002
natural focality of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the mongolian people's republic; results and objectives of integrated research.	in the summer 1976, natural foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis were discovered by the authors on the territory of the mongolian people's republic. in 1976-1983 the integrated research of these foci was conducted and maps of a structure of the geographical range of the pathogen were compiled taking into account the peculiarities of distribution of its carriers and vectors. great gerbils are the only identified vertebrate hosts of leishmania and their infection rate comes up to 100% in singl ...	1987	3583127
[changes in the antimicrobial potential of the phagocytosing cells of great gerbils in experimental plague].	the work deals with the results obtained in the study of the activity of the cytocidal systems of phagocytes in great gerbils under normal conditions and during the plague infectious process. the data have been analyzed in comparison with the corresponding characteristics of phagocytic activity in mice. changes in the oxygen-dependent metabolism (odm) of neutrophils and macrophages, responsible for the functioning of their oxygen-dependent cytocidal systems, in plague show features characteristi ...	1987	3434052
[antigenuria in plague-infected great gerbils].	in the urine of plague-infected great gerbils yersinia pestis capsular antigen was detected by means of diagnostic preparations, both commercial and experimental (based on monoclonal antibodies). the antigen was detected in many urine samples taken from the animals over a prolonged period. the incidence and duration of antigenuria were found to be related to the survival time of great gerbils after infection and the level of antibodies in their blood. the number of animals with antigenuria marke ...	1988	2966529
[efficacy of methods for determining infection of rhombomys opimus licht with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis].		1988	3231167
[topography and structure of the stylohyoid muscle in mammals].	topography and structure of the musculus stylohyoideus (msh) have been studied in 78 species of mammalia from 12 orders. the muscle in question has specific peculiarities not only in its position and fixation, but also in a great variability of its structure. the msh is not revealed in philander opossum, lagostrophus fasciatus, guinea pig, meriones eversmanni, rhombomys opimus, nyctereutes procyonoides, thos aureus, mastelidae. various pathways of development and different functional loading def ...	1988	3408352
[effect of the irrigation and reclamation transformation of the karshi steppe on burrow sandflies of the genus phlebotomus--vectors of the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis].	studies of land irrigation effect on phlebotomus sandflies, carriers of leishmania major (a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis causative agent)--were performed for 15 field work periods, from 1967 to 1981, at 18 sites in various natural areas of the karshi steppe (uzbek ssr). over 43500 sandfly specimen were caught and identified. regularities in sandfly number changes, first of all, that of ph. papatasi, after irrigation were determined, with respect to various proximity of great gerbils' settlem ...	1989	2528673
long-term analysis of data on the isolation of yersinia pestis cultures from rodents during epizootological examinations of natural foci in muyun-kum and eastern kizil-kum.	results are presented of a long-term examination and evaluation of data on the microbiological procedures of isolating yersinia pestis cultures from wild mammals and their association animal plague pathogenesis as suggested by investigations in the muyun-kum autonomous plague focus and the eastern kizil-kum mesofocus. 1772 yersinia pestits cultures were isolated largely from rhombomys opimus as the principle host over 23 years. the authors determined the frequency of pathological alterations in ...	1989	2533934
[yersinia pestis l-forms in rodents and ectoparasites].	y. pestis l-forms and bacterial forms persist in the body of great gerbils for 40 days. l-forms are poorly phagocytized and can persist in phagocytes for a long time. in guinea pigs immunized with vaccine ev, y. pestis antigen could be detected till day 160. an unstable l-form was isolated from ornithodoros mites 3 years after their experimental infection with y. pestis. bacterial forms persist in mites for 1-3 years. for 5 years y. pestis antigen is regularly detected in a high percentage of mi ...	1989	2728699
[a case of experimental transmission of the causative agent of plague from ornithodoros tartakovskyi ticks to fleas of the great gerbil].	biological interrelations between ectoparasites from the colonies of great gerbil were studied experimentally. hungry fleas coptopsylla lamellifer are able to feed on the ticks ornithodoros tartakovskyi infected with plague and in so doing be infected with plague agent. such feeding is identified as "heterovampirism".	1989	2812860
a new species of leishmania isolated from the great gerbil rhombomys opimus.	leishmania turanica n.sp., found infecting the desert rodent rhombomys opimus in the southern territories of the ussr and the mongolian people's republic, is described. this parasite exists sympatrically with l. major and l. gerbilli in r. opimus and is the predominant species. a total of 284 isolates of l. turanica from r. opimus, 3 from naturally infected phlebotomus andrejevi and 1 from p. papatasi were characterized and found to be clearly distinguishable on isoenzyme and nuclear dna charact ...	1990	2092289
[blood groups of great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) as an indicator of population resistance to infections].	three genetic systems of blood groups of great gerbils were studied to reveal that different resistance patterns exist in rodents toward yersinia pestis and salmonella typhimurium. extrapolation of the results obtained on relations of co-members of parasite systems contributes to understanding of some points of immunobiological mechanisms of dynamics of expizootic procedures. a hypothesis is proposed claiming that isoantigenic blood structure of the host is responsible for formation of populatio ...	1990	2344947
[the potentiating action of artificial immunodeficiency on the development of amyloidosis in plague in great gerbils].	cyclophosphamide injection causes amyloidosis development in the spleen of great gerbils both intact and plague-infected after immunization. the amyloid deposits are observed irrespective of acquired antiplague resistance level. alterations observed may be considered as acquired (secondary) aa-amyloidosis. results indicate the significance of immunodepression in amyloidogenesis and a possibility to use the cyclophosphamide-treated great gerbils as a convenient experimental model of amyloidosis.	1990	2396918
[fleas of the eastern kyzyl kum and their epizootic significance].	the fauna of fleas in the east kisil-kum includes 24 species. different physicogeographic regions of sands are characterized by different spectra and number of species of fleas. the greatest share in collections is composed by xenopsylla gerbilli caspica--the parasite of rhombomys opimus. in autumn the other parasite of this rodent, coptopsylla lamellifer, is a mass species. all the most significant and long changes in the number of these species are associated with changes in the density of the ...	1991	1839698
[leishmaniasis in karamay. xi. the development of cutaneous leishmaniasis in monkey and man experimentally infected with leishmania from karamay big gerbil].	a monkey (macaca rhesus) was inoculated subcutaneously with 2 leishmania isolates (mrhc/cn/88/kxg-2 and mrho/cn/90/kxg-56) from karamay big gerbils (rhombomys opimus) into the forehead and cheek, 36 days later ulceration with a diameter of 0.2cm occurred at 2 sites. the lesions persisted for 60 and 95 days respectively and then healed spontaneously. however, leishmania could be detected from the dermal tissue for more than one year. when mrho/cn/88/kxg-2 isolate was inoculated into the forearm o ...	1992	1303332
[a microdissection study of the kidney in the great gerbil rhombomys opimus in early postnatal ontogeny].	it has been demonstrated that in gerbils, similar to other mammals, superficial nephrons are formed in postnatal ontogenesis in the last turn. however, the development of these nephrons and thin parts of henle's loops in intracortical and juxtamedullary nephrons takes place earlier than in other mammals, which may be caused by specialization of gerbils to arid conditions.	1993	7825388
[the isoenzyme identification of leishmania isolates taken from greater gerbils, sandflies and human patients in foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in turkmenistan].	in 1991-1992, 230 isolates were obtained in the tedzhen oasis and its adjacent desert areas: 172 isolates from great gerbils, 39 from p. papatasi, and 19 from human cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. all the isolates were identified by the isoenzyme polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by 8 enzymes. the characteristics of leishmania circulation in the hyperendemic foci of turkmenistan were similar to those previously studied in the mesoendemic areas of uzbekistan and kazakhstan. l. turanica which i ...	1993	8127269
[differences in stress resistance during agonistic interactions between male and female great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht)].		1993	8292979
separation of chinese leishmania isolates into five genotypes by kinetoplast and chromosomal dna heterogeneity.	leishmaniasis remains endemic in china, especially in the west and northwest frontier regions in central asia. epidemic outbreaks of both visceral and cutaneous forms of the disease have become a serious concern in view of such events occurring in neighboring countries. in the present study, we have begun to characterize available parasites as an initial step in understanding the epidemiology of leishmaniasis in central asia. nineteen leishmania isolates collected since the 1950s from epidemiolo ...	1994	8024072
[leishmaniasis in karamay. xiv. identification of promastigote isolates from naturally infected phlebotomus major wui].	phlebotomus major wui, an anthropophilic species, was predominant among sandflies in karamay, xinjiang of china. the females of this species collected in the wild and houses were detected to be infected with promastigotes. three isolates of promastigotes obtained from p. major wui were inoculated intraperitoneally and subcutaneously into normal hamsters or balb/c mice which developed visceral leishmaniasis later. the mean size of amastigotes in hamster viscera (smear observation) artificially in ...	1994	7720197
discovery and study of leishmania turanica for the first time in china.	reported are the results of multidisciplinary studies on leishmania turanica, which was isolated from the auricular tissues of naturally infected great gerbils in xinjiang, china. discussed are the biology of the parasite, its molecular biology, its pathogenicity in rodents and humans and its vectors. this was the first time that l. turanica had been reported in china. l. turanica is highly pathogenic in balb/c mice, with the resulting systemic infection being lethal, and it causes dermal lesion ...	1995	8846493
meriones libycus and rhombomys opimus (rodentia: gerbillidae) are the main reservoir hosts in a new focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran.	following an epidemic of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) around badrood city, central iran, meriones libycus were found to be naturally infected with leishmania major zymodeme mon-26 (= lon-1) in the villages of matinabad and fami, 12 km north-west of badrood. this is the first isolation and characterization of l. major from m. libycus in iran, in an area where zcl has been present recently. m. libycus is probably the principal reservoir host in this area, but the main reservoir host furt ...	1996	8944255
[the use of radioisotope labelling for studying the feeding of sandflies (phlebotominae) and their move into colonies of the greater gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht.)].	the fly off and distribution of sandflies, vectors of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis after meal on great gerbils were studied by means of radioisotope techniques. the experiments were carried out near the town of mubarek (uzbekistan). three rhombomys opimus were marked by intraperitoneal injection of 14c-glycine solution. then they were allowed to come back to their burrows. the sandflies were radioactively labelled during bloodsucking on the rodents. fifty-seven labeled female sandflies were ...	1996	9036273
epidemiological study of reservoir hosts in an endemic area of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in iran.	the study was carried out in the central part of the islamic republic of iran over a 12-month period in 1991-92 in borkhar, a rural district lying north of isfahan city. the objective was to determine the ecology of natural reservoir hosts of leishmaniasis for possible future field trials of leishmania vaccine. the main reservoir host in this area is rhombomys opimus, the great gerbil, followed by meriones libycus, the libyan jird, and hemiechinus auritis, the long-eared hedgehog. of the 179 sma ...	1996	9060218
[the characteristics of the distribution of the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus) on the territory of china].	the distribution of the great gerbil (rh. opimus) in china was analyzed on the basis of published data, museum collections, natural maps, and authors' field observations. a preliminary scheme was plotted for range regionalization, in which three parts have been isolated or, according to classification of dubrovskiĭ and kucheruk (1971), three regional complexes of autonomous groups of populations: dzungarian, beishanian and alashanian. west of the main area of the great gerbil distribution, an is ...	1996	8640111
progress in studies on central asian foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: a review.	in this paper, studies on zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) are reviewed that were performed during the last ten years largely by scientists of the martsinovsky institute of medical parasitology and tropical medicine. new data on the taxonomy of leishmania circulating in populations of rhombomys opimus, their main host, and the results of field and laboratory studies allowed revision of certain concepts generally accepted in epidemiology and epizootology of zcl in central asia.	1996	8682405
natural leishmania infection in rock hyrax, procavia capensis (pallas, 1766) order: hyracoidea, trapped in najran, saudi arabia.	cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania major (zoonotic, zcl) and l. tropica (anthroponotic, acl) is found in most countries of the eastern mediterranean region. phlebotomus papatasii is the proven vector of l. major and rodents rhombomys opimus, psammomys obesus, meriones spp. and gerbillus spp. serve as animal reservoirs. ph. sergenti is the vector of l. tropica in the majority of endemic foci. on the other hand; in the eastern african highlands (mainly ethiopia and kenya), stable foci of ...	1997	9097529
[the possibility of preserving the causative agent of plague in soil in resting (nonculturable) form].	the parallel study of soil specimens from the burrows of great gerbils, taken in the natural focus of infection at the period between epidemics, by the bacteriological method and with the use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) demonstrated that, simultaneously with the negative results of inoculations into nutrient media, pcr revealed the presence of y. pestis in 4 out of 72 soil specimens. the serological study (in the indirect hemagglutination test) revealed the presence of y. pestis capsular ...	1997	9340999
[history of the study of and the current data on the geographic range of the greater gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht., 1823) in mongolia].	the history of studies of the great gerbil range was analyzed and position of the range boundaries was made more precise on the basis of the published data, museum collections, various natural maps, and authors' field observations. a scheme of the range regionalization is presented, in which three regional complexes of autonomous population groups are distinguished: djungarian, central gobi, and east gobi-alashan'. five autonomous population groups have also been isolated, which are located to t ...	1997	9518058
[ecology of flea groups of the species conformis (siphonaptera: pulicidae: xenopsylla) of the fauna of russia and adjacent countries (review)].	within the boundaries of the former ussr, the northern part of the conformis group distribution is located. it spreads over the arid regions of the trans-cacucasus, pricaspijckaja lowland, kazakhstan and middle asia. in this area 10 species and subspecies occur. they are mainly parasites of gerbillins. unlike many other siphonaptera the conformis fleas, when in the host's home, do not concentrate in the nest but inhabit the passages of burrow and food chambers throughout the year. on this reason ...	1997	9541933