| the abundance and pollen foraging behaviour of bumble bees in relation to population size of whortleberry (vaccinium uliginosum). | habitat fragmentation can have severe effects on plant pollinator interactions, for example changing the foraging behaviour of pollinators. to date, the impact of plant population size on pollen collection by pollinators has not yet been investigated. from 2008 to 2010, we monitored nine bumble bee species (bombus campestris, bombus hortorum s.l., bombus hypnorum, bombus lapidarius, bombus pascuorum, bombus pratorum, bombus soroensis, bombus terrestris s.l., bombus vestalis s.l.) on vaccinium ul ... | 2012 | 23209721 |
| essential and non-essential elements in natural vegetation in southern norway: contribution from different sources. | concentrations of essential and non-essential elements in five widespread species of natural boreal vegetation were studied with respect to seasonal variation and contribution from different sources. the plant species included in the study were betula pubescens, sorbus aucuparia, vaccinium myrtillus, vaccinium uliginosum, calluna vulgaris and deschampsia flexuosa. concentrations of elements essential to plants remained essentially constant or decreased slightly throughout the growing season. con ... | 2015 | 25268568 |
| a simple gc-ms method for the screening of betulinic, corosolic, maslinic, oleanolic and ursolic acid contents in commercial botanicals used as food supplement ingredients. | the occurrence of triterpene pentacyclic acids in plants is extensive, but little is known about their availability in commercial extracts. a simple gc-ms method for the simultaneous determination of betulinic, corosolic, maslinic, oleanolic and ursolic acids was developed and applied to 38 different commercial plant extracts sold as ingredients for dietary supplements. a suitable protocol was set up to perform routine control of a diverse array of samples with different botanical, chemical and ... | 2013 | 23122121 |
| the digestion of bulbils (polygonum viviparum l.) and berries (vaccinium myrtillus l. and empetrum sp.) by captive ptarmigan (lagopus mutus). | 1. the digestion of three foods favoured by ptarmigan (lagopus mutus) in the wild was studied using captive birds. 2. bulbils of polygonum viviparum l. were a good source of metabolizable energy, protein and phosphorus, but were deficient in sodium. berries of vaccinium myrtillus l. were the most digestible of the three foods, contained enough protein and p for maintenance, but were probably deficient in na. a diet of empetrum sp. berries caused the birds to be in negative nitrogen and p balance ... | 1975 | 1167787 |
| authentication of punica granatum l.: development of scar markers for the detection of 10 fruits potentially used in economically motivated adulteration. | the large commercial success of pomegranate increase the likelihood of economically motivated adulteration (ema), which has been gradually spotted with the undeclared addition of anthocyanin-rich plants or cheaper fruit juices used as bulking and diluting agents. a method based on sequence-characterized amplified regions (scars) was developed to detect the presence of aristotelia chilensis, aronia melanocarpa, dioscorea alata, euterpe oleracea, malus×domestica, morus nigra, sambucus nigra, vacci ... | 2016 | 26920316 |
| natural and anthropogenic radioactivity in the environment of kopaonik mountain, serbia. | to evaluate the state of the environment in kopaonik, a mountain in serbia, the activity concentrations of (4) k, (226)ra, (232)th and (137)cs in five different types of environmental samples are determined by gamma ray spectrometry, and radiological hazard due to terrestrial radionuclides is calculated. the mean activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the soil are higher than the global average. however, with an exception of two sampling locations, the external radiation hazard inde ... | 2016 | 27213569 |
| ripeip1, a gene from the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus rhizophagus irregularis, is preferentially expressed in planta and may be involved in root colonization. | transcriptomics and genomics data recently obtained from the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus rhizophagus irregularis have offered new opportunities to decipher the contribution of the fungal partner to the establishment of the symbiotic association. the large number of genes which do not show similarity to known proteins witnesses the uniqueness of this group of plant-associated fungi. in this work, we characterize a gene that was called ripeip1 (preferentially expressed in planta). its expre ... | 2016 | 27075897 |
| biological availability of (238)u, (234)u and (226)ra for wild berries and meadow grasses in natural ecosystems of belarus. | this work is devoted to investigation of behavior of (234)u, (238)u and (226)ra by determining the soil to plant transfer under different natural conditions such as forest or swamped areas and meadow lands with different soil types. the paper summarizes the data on investigation of uranium and radium uptake by wild berries and natural meadow grasses in the typical conditions of belarus. parameters characterizing the biological availability of (234)u, (238)u and (226)ra for bilberry (vaccinium my ... | 2014 | 23871250 |
| ericoid roots and mycospheres govern plant-specific bacterial communities in boreal forest humus. | in this study, the bacterial populations of roots and mycospheres of the boreal pine forest ericoid plants, heather (calluna vulgaris), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea), were studied by qpcr and next-generation sequencing (ngs). all bacterial communities of mycosphere soils differed from soils uncolonized by mycorrhizal mycelia. colonization by mycorrhizal hyphae increased the total number of bacterial 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) gene copies in the humus but d ... | 2017 | 28025668 |
| a cross-cultural comparison of folk plant uses among albanians, bosniaks, gorani and turks living in south kosovo. | kosovo represents a unique hotspot of biological and cultural diversity in europe, which allows for interesting cross-cultural ethnobotanical studies. the aims of this study were twofold: 1) to document the state of traditional knowledge related to local (esp. wild) plant uses for food, medicine, and handicrafts in south kosovo; and 2) to examine how communities of different ethnic groups in the region (albanians, bosniaks/gorani, and turks) relate to and value wild botanical taxa in their ecosy ... | 2015 | 25964167 |
| influence of altitudinal variation on the content of phenolic compounds in wild populations of calluna vulgaris, sambucus nigra, and vaccinium myrtillus. | this study deals with the effect of altitudinal variation on the content of phenolic compounds in three traditional herbal plants, which are also consumed as food in central europe. herbs of calluna vulgaris (l.) hull, flowers and fruits of sambucus nigra l., and berries of vaccinium myrtillus l. collected in the naturpark solktaler (austria) were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction (ase). identification and quantification of the constituents in the polar extracts (methanol 80%, v/v) ... | 2008 | 18788745 |
| simulated moose (alces alces l.) browsing increases accumulation of secondary metabolites in bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) along gradients of habitat productivity and solar radiation. | we have addressed the impact of moose (alces alces l.) on accumulation of secondary metabolites, lignin, and nitrogen in bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) along gradients of habitat productivity and solar radiation. the study was conducted within a long-term research project on direct and indirect impacts of moose on the ecosystem. in the experiment, browsing, defecation, and urination corresponding to four different moose densities were simulated for eight years before bilberry tissue was colle ... | 2012 | 23143636 |
| vole preference of bilberry along gradients of simulated moose density and site productivity. | browsing by large herbivores might either increase or decrease preference for the plant by other herbivores, depending on the plant response. using a cafeteria test, we studied the preference by root voles (microtus oeconomus [pallas, 1776]) for bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) previously subjected to 4 levels of simulated moose (alces alces [linnaeus, 1758]) density. the different levels of moose density were simulated at population densities relevant for fennoscandian conditions, in exclosure ... | 2011 | 22182326 |
| range-body mass interactions of a northern ungulate - a test of hypothesis. | summer diet, summer temperature, length of the growth season and animal density appeared to best explain annual and regional differences in calf and yearling body mass in moose from southeastern norway. in general animals inhabiting steep, alpine landscapes had less body mass than animals using flat, low-altitude habitats. autumn body mass of calves and yearlings decreased with increasing snow depth during the preceding winter and spring. however, calf body mass was more influenced by the summer ... | 1999 | 28307755 |
| gas chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric analysis of pesticides residues in produce using concurrent solvent recondensation-large volume injection. | in the present work, the feasibility of the combined use of concurrent solvent recondensation-large volume injection (csr-lvi) and interspersed calibration for pesticide residue analysis was investigated. splitless injections of 5-20 μl extracts containing 0.25-1g sample per ml(-1) were made into a carbofrit packed liner and a 0.53 mm i.d., uncoated and deactivated retention gap. the determination was achieved by gas chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (gc-qqq-ms/ms). the evaluati ... | 2012 | 22204933 |
| a c-repeat binding factor transcriptional activator (cbf/dreb1) from european bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) induces freezing tolerance when expressed in arabidopsis thaliana. | freezing stress affects all plants from temperate zones to the poles. global climate change means such freezing events are becoming less predictable. this in turn reduces the ability of plants to predict the approaching low temperatures and cold acclimate. this has consequences for crop yields and distribution of wild plant species. c-repeat binding factors (cbfs) are transcription factors previously shown to play a vital role in the acclimation process of arabidopsis thaliana, controlling the e ... | 2013 | 23349799 |
| diversity of fungal assemblages in roots of ericaceae in two mediterranean contrasting ecosystems. | the plants belonging to the ericaceae family are morphologically diverse and widely distributed groups of plants. they are typically found in soil with naturally poor nutrient status. the objective of the current study was to identify cultivable mycobionts from roots of nine species of ericaceae (calluna vulgaris, erica arborea, erica australis, erica umbellate, erica scoparia, erica multiflora, arbutus unedo, vaccinium myrtillus, and vaccinium corymbosum). the sequencing approach was used to am ... | 2017 | 28302364 |
| effect of plant extracts on h2o2-induced inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. | arctium lappa (al), camellia sinensis (cs), echinacea angustifolia, eleutherococcus senticosus, panax ginseng (pg), and vaccinium myrtillus (vm) are plants traditionally used in many herbal formulations for the treatment of various conditions. although they are well known and already studied for their anti-inflammatory properties, their effects on h2o2-stimulated macrophages are a novel area of study. | 2014 | 25075197 |
| fungal biomass associated with the phyllosphere of bryophytes and vascular plants. | little is known about the amount of fungal biomass in the phyllosphere of bryophytes compared to higher plants. in this study, fungal biomass associated with the phyllosphere of three bryophytes (hylocomium splendens, pleurozium schreberi, polytrichum commune) and three vascular plants (avenella flexuosa, gymnocarpium dryopteris, vaccinium myrtillus) was investigated using ergosterol content as a proxy for fungal biomass. phyllosphere fungi accounted for 0.2-4.0 % of the dry mass of moss gametop ... | 2009 | 19682574 |
| the effect of iron, tin, aluminium, and chromium on fading, discoloration, and precipitation in berry and red beet juices. | the effect of iron(ii), tin(ii), aluminium(iii), and chromium(iii) on the properties of red whortleberry, blackcurrant, and red beet juices was followed during storage for 10 months at 5 degrees c. the colour and ph changes were studied, and the precipitates formed were weighed and their metal contents assayed. of the metals tested, only tin caused bluish discoloration in the berry juices. in the case of iron, aluminium, and chromium the low ph prevented this type of discoloration. in berry juic ... | 1977 | 16411 |
| the charcoal effect in boreal forests: mechanisms and ecological consequences. | wildfire is the principal disturbance regime in northern boreal forests, where it has important rejuvenating effects on soil properties and encourages tree seedling regeneration and growth. one possible agent of this rejuvenation is fire-produced charcoal, which adsorbs secondary metabolites such as humus phenolics produced by ericaceous vegetation in the absence of fire, which retard nutrient cycling and tree seedling growth. we investigated short-term ecological effects of charcoal on the bore ... | 1998 | 28308435 |
| effects of bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) litter on seed germination and early seedling growth of four boreal tree species. | laboratory and greenhouse bioassays were used to test for inhibitory effects of senescent and decomposed leaves and aqueous extract from bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) against seed germination and seedling growth of aspen (populus tremula l.), birch (betula pendula roth.), scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), and norway spruce [picea abies (l.) karst.]. aqueous extracts from bilberry leaves were inhibitory to aspen seed germination and seedling growth and also induced root damage and growth abno ... | 1996 | 24227618 |
| an evaluation of ratio systems in radioecological studies. | replicate samples of soil, juncus squarrosus and calluna vulgaris were taken within a grid system on an organic peatland soil site in ireland. a similar sampling survey was carried out on an organic rich forest soil site in sweden, where vaccinium myrtillus and vaccinium vitis-idaea with corresponding soil samples were taken within a picea abies stand. the data were used to investigate the relationship between soil and plant 137cs content and to examine the validity of using ratios to describe t ... | 1996 | 8567289 |
| dietary items as possible sources of (137)cs in large carnivores in the gorski kotar forest ecosystem, western croatia. | the mountain forest ecosystem of gorski kotar is distant from any significant sources of environmental pollution, though recent findings have revealed that this region is among the most intense (137)cs contaminated area in croatia. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate (137)cs and (40)k load in three large predator species in the mountain forest ecosystem. radionuclides mass activities were determined by the gamma-spectrometric method in the muscle tissue of brown bear (47), wolf ( ... | 2016 | 26556746 |
| samital®: a new botanical drug for the treatment of mucositis induced by oncological therapies. | samital(®) (indena spa, milan, italy) is a new multicomponent and multiacting botanical formulation rationally designed for the relief of oral mucositis induced by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in oncological patients. each of the individual botanical constituents of samital-standardized extracts of vaccinium myrtillus, macleaya cordata and echinacea angustifolia have a long history of clinical use that corroborates their safety and activity in samital. a number of pilot trials in oncological ... | 2013 | 24156331 |
| management of gastrointestinal mucositis due to cancer therapies in pediatric patients: results of a case series with samital(®). | gastrointestinal mucositis is a common debilitating complication of chemotherapy and one for which there is currently no effective long-term treatment. | 2012 | 23148620 |
| [application of chemiluminescent methods for analysis of the antioxidant activity of herbal extracts]. | with help methods chemiluminecent make analysis of the antioxidant activity a series herbal extracts. the herbal e[tractions with distinct antioxidant activity were selected: origanum vulgare ((l.), filipendula ulmaria maxim (l.), thimus serpyllum (l.), chamaenerion angustifolium (l.), ledum palustre (l.), viburnum opulus, salix pentandra (l.), vaccinium myrtillus (l.), flnus incana (l.0, bergenia crassifolia (l.). antioxidant properties of this medicine plants may be used for prophylaxis and me ... | 2006 | 16729755 |
| characterization of phenolic profiles of northern european berries by capillary electrophoresis and determination of their antioxidant activity. | berries are known to contain phenolic substances (i.e., flavonoids and phenolic acids), which comprise two large and heterogeneous groups of biologically active nonnutrients. this investigation evaluated the content and profile of the phenolic compounds present in six different berries found in northern europe. the latter included bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), cowberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea), cranberry (vaccinium oxycoccus), strawberry (fragaria ananassa), black currant (ribes nigrum), and re ... | 2005 | 16076138 |
| determination of anthocyanidins in berries and red wine by high-performance liquid chromatography. | a high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) method for the determination of anthocyanidins from berries and red wine is described. delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and malvidin contents of bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), black currant (ribes nigrum), strawberry (fragaria ananassa cv. jonsok), and a cabernet sauvignon (vitis vinifera) red wine were determined. the aglycon forms of the anthocyanins present in the samples were revealed by acid hydrolysis. a reversed ph ... | 2001 | 11559107 |
| pollinator behaviour on a food-deceptive orchid calypso bulbosa and coflowering species. | food deception as a pollination strategy has inspired many studies over the last few decades. pollinator deception has evolved in many orchids possibly to enhance outcrossing. food-deceptive orchids usually have low pollinator visitation rates as compared to rewarding species. they may benefit in visitations from the presence (magnet-species hypothesis) or, alternatively, absence of coflowering rewarding species (competition hypothesis). we present data on pollinator visitations on a deceptive, ... | 2015 | 25861675 |
| effect of a complex lutein formula in an animal model for light-induced retinal degeneration. | several retinal degenerative diseases cause vision loss and retinal cell death. currently, people face prolonged exposure to digital screens, rendering vision protection from light exposure a critical topic. in this study, we designed a complex lutein formula (clf) by combining several natural compounds: calendula officinalis, lycium barbarum, vaccinium myrtillus, cassia obtusifolia, and rhodiola rosea. in addition, we evaluated the protective effects of the formula on retinal functions in an an ... | 2016 | 27426260 |
| phytotherapeutics: an evaluation of the potential of 1000 plants. | the aim of this review is to evaluate and summarize the available scientific information on the commonest plant extracts marketed in western countries. in view of the intense, ongoing search for new plant extracts with powerful anti-inflammatory activity, we paid particular attention to this topic. the aim is to provide broad coverage of as many potentially useful plants as possible and then to focus on those with the greatest therapeutic potential. | 2010 | 20175810 |
| use of multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism for rapid and simultaneous analysis of different components of the soil microbial community. | a multiplex terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (m-trflp) fingerprinting method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of the diversity and community structure of two or more microbial taxa (up to four taxa). the reproducibility and robustness of the method were examined using soil samples collected from different habitats. dna was pcr amplified separately from soil samples using individual taxon-specific primers for bacteria, archaea, and fungi. the same samples wer ... | 2006 | 16936053 |
| structure of the microbial communities in coniferous forest soils in relation to site fertility and stand development stage. | > abstract the structure, biomass, and activity of the microbial community in the humus layer of boreal coniferous forest stands of different fertility were studied. the scots pine dominated ct (calluna vulgaris type) represented the lowest fertility, while vt (vaccinium vitis-idaéa type), mt (vaccinium myrtillus type), and omt (oxalis acetocella-vaccinium myrtillus type) following this order, were more fertile types. the microbial community was studied more closely by sampling a succession grad ... | 1999 | 10441709 |
| effects of insect herbivory on bilberry production and removal of berries by frugivores. | the evolutionary purpose of a fleshy fruit is to attract seed dispersers and get the seeds dispersed by frugivorous animals. for this reason, fruits should be highly rewarding to these mutualists. however, insect herbivory can alter plant reproductive success e.g. by decreasing fruit yield or affecting the attractiveness of the fruits to mutualistic seed dispersers. under natural conditions, we tested the effects of experimental larval-defoliation on berry ripening and consumption of a non-culti ... | 0 | 28374224 |
| red fruits: extraction of antioxidants, phenolic content, and radical scavenging determination: a review. | red fruits, as rich antioxidant foods, have gained over recent years capital importance for consumers and manufacturers. the industrial extraction of the phenolic molecules from this source has been taking place with the conventional solvent extraction method. new non-conventional extraction methods have been devised as environmentally friendly alternatives to the former method, such as ultrasound, microwave, and pressure assisted extractions. the aim of this review is to compile the results of ... | 0 | 28106822 |
| seasonal variations of the phenolic constituents in bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) leaves, stems and fruits, and their antioxidant activity. | the seasonal variations of the content and diversity of phenolic compounds, as well as the antioxidant activity of leaves, stems and fruits of bilberry collected in may, july and september, were evaluated for two consecutive years. uplc/ms(n) analyses showed the predominance of anthocyanins in fruits, caffeic acid derivatives in leaves whereas flavanol oligomers represented more than half of the phenolic compounds in stems. thioacidolysis revealed degrees of polymerization between 2 and 4 and (- ... | 0 | 27451155 |
| occurrence and estimation of pesticide residues in edible minor crops in southeastern poland in 2013-2014. | this paper presents the results of official control of pesticide residues in minor crops collected in southeastern poland in 2013-2014. compliance of used pesticides with applicable law was also verified, and determined residues were compared to maximum residue levels (mrls) provided for in regulation (ec) no. 395/2005. a total of 583 samples of 25 different types of fresh fruit and vegetables were analyzed for pesticide residues. pesticide residues were detected in 158 samples (27.1 % of the an ... | 0 | 27251221 |
| polyamine profiles of healthy and parasite-infected vaccinium myrtillus plants under nitrogen enrichment. | addition of nitrogen (n) to the field layer of boreal forests has been shown to increase the occurrence of the parasitic fungus valdensia heterodoxa on vaccinium myrtillus plants. we investigated whether n addition to soil alters the levels of polyamines in v. myrtillus shoots, and discuss here whether such changes could promote the spread of the parasitic fungus on v myrtillus. using hplc, we analyzed the concentrations of free and conjugated polyamines in healthy and naturally v. heterodoxa-in ... | 2005 | 15898501 |
| nitrogen-induced changes in phenolics of vaccinium myrtillus--implications for interaction with a parasitic fungus. | the effects of nitrogen (n) fertilization on the phenolic status of vaccinium myrtillus leaves were studied to assess whether n amendment affects the potentially defensive phenolic metabolites in a way that could have consequences for the interaction with a parasitic fungus (valdensia heterodoxa). healthy (symptomless) and v. heterodoxa-infected leaves were collected from plants grown in the understorey of a boreal coniferous forest, where they received no additional n or either a moderate or a ... | 2004 | 15609829 |
| nutrigenomic activity of plant derived compounds in health and disease: results of a dietary intervention study in dog. | the study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary administrations of four nutraceuticals in dogs. seventy four dogs were enrolled in the trials, 24 healthy dogs were fed with a control diet (ct) and the experimental groups received for 60days the same diet supplemented with nutraceuticals, namely echinacea angustifolia (ea, 0.10mg/kg live weight as echinacoside; 14 dogs), vaccinium myrtillus (vm, 0.20mg/kg live weight as anthocyanidin, 13 dogs), curcuma longa (cl, 6.60mg/kg live weig ... | 2016 | 27892863 |
| determination of vitamin c and organic acids in various fruits by hplc. | liquid chromatographic methodology for determination of vitamin c and organic acids in different fruits (whortleberry, blackberry, red currant, black currant, raspberry, babaco, feijoa, kiwano, passion fruit, red and yellow tamarillos, medlar, and persimmon) cultivated in galicia, spain are developed. both methods use a c18 column and an rp-18 precolumn for the stationary phase. high-performance-liquid-chromatographic-(hplc-) grade water is brought to ph 2.2 with sulphuric acid for the mobile ph ... | 1992 | 1474131 |
| distinguishing vaccinium species by chemical fingerprinting based on nmr spectra, validated with spectra collected in different laboratories. | a method was developed to distinguish vaccinium species based on leaf extracts using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. reference spectra were measured on leaf extracts from several species, including lowbush blueberry (vaccinium angustifolium), oval leaf huckleberry (vaccinium ovalifolium), and cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon). using principal component analysis, these leaf extracts were resolved in the scores plot. analysis of variance statistical tests demonstrated that the three group ... | 2014 | 24963620 |
| inferring the origin of rare fruit distillates from compositional data using multivariate statistical analyses and the identification of new flavour constituents. | in serbia, delicatessen fruit alcoholic drinks are produced from autochthonous fruit-bearing species such as cornelian cherry, blackberry, elderberry, wild strawberry, european wild apple, european blueberry and blackthorn fruits. there are no chemical data on many of these and herein we analysed volatile minor constituents of these rare fruit distillates. our second goal was to determine possible chemical markers of these distillates through a statistical/multivariate treatment of the herein ob ... | 2015 | 25043621 |
| identification of anthocyanins in berries by narrow-bore high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization detection. | qualitative determination of anthocyanins in extracts of red fruits by narrow-bore hplc/esi-ms was carried out. this method was used to investigate anthocyanin contents of black bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.), blackberry (rubus sp.), and mulberry (morus nigra). an ultraviolet diode array and a mass spectrometer with esi source were used for detection. anthocyanin identifications were made by using retention time data and uv-vis and mass spectra and comparing them with those of commercially av ... | 2001 | 11513700 |
| chronic fatigue syndrome: oxidative stress and dietary modifications. | chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs) is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various body systems. the etiology of cfs remains unclear; however, a number of recent studies have shown oxidative stress may be involved in its pathogenesis. the role of oxidative stress in cfs is an important area for current and future research as it suggests the use of antioxidants in the management of cfs. specifically, the dietary supplements glu ... | 2001 | 11703165 |
| extracts of ginkgo biloba l. leaves and vaccinium myrtillus l. fruits prevent photo induced oxidation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol. | oxidation of low density lipoproteins (ldl) favours cholesterol loading in macrophages and formation of "foam cells", typical of the early atheroma lesions. ldl cholesterol oxidation generates oxysterols, extremely cytotoxic molecular species with diverse biological activities. vegetable polyphenols are dietary components of pharmacological interest for their anti-oxidant properties. ginkgo biloba l. (gingkoaceae) leaves and vaccinium myrtillus l. (ericaceae) fruits are known for their beneficia ... | 1997 | 23195191 |
| characterization and fate of black currant and bilberry flavonols in enzyme-aided processing. | the fate of black currant ( ribes nigrum l.) and bilberry ( vaccinium myrtillus l.) flavonols in enzyme-aided processing was studied. the flavonols were quantified and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector and an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. a tentative identification for 14 black currant and 19 bilberry flavonols is presented representing 11 previously unpublished conjugates. for the first time in any berry, the presence of la ... | 2008 | 18426212 |
| lc/pda/esi-ms profiling and radical scavenging activity of anthocyanins in various berries. | anthocyanin extracts of two blueberries, vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) and vaccinium ashei (rabbiteye blueberry), and of three other berries, ribes nigrum (black currant), aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry), and sambucus nigra (elderberry), were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry (lc/pda/esi-ms). both bilberry and rabbiteye blueberry contained 15 identical anthocyanins with different distributio ... | 2004 | 15577184 |
| habitat selection by capercaillie in summer and autumn: is bilberry important? | the use of habitat by female and male adult capercaillie tetrao urogallus during summer and autumn was studied by comparing the distribution of radio locations of birds with the availability of habitat at forest stand, home range and landscape level in an area of the bavarian alps, germany. capercaillie preferred forests with structural features typical of their main distribution range, the boreal forest: they selected large patches of old forest with moderate canopy cover of about 50%, and a we ... | 1993 | 28312950 |
| temporal effects of hunting on foraging behavior of an apex predator: do bears forego foraging when risk is high? | avoiding predators most often entails a food cost. for the scandinavian brown bear (ursus arctos), the hunting season coincides with the period of hyperphagia. hunting mortality risk is not uniformly distributed throughout the day, but peaks in the early morning hours. as bears must increase mass for winter survival, they should be sensitive to temporal allocation of antipredator responses to periods of highest risk. we expected bears to reduce foraging activity at the expense of food intake in ... | 2016 | 27696003 |
| forbidden fruit: human settlement and abundant fruit create an ecological trap for an apex omnivore. | habitat choice is an evolutionary product of animals experiencing increased fitness when preferentially occupying high-quality habitat. however, an ecological trap (et) can occur when an animal is presented with novel conditions and the animal's assessment of habitat quality is poorly matched to its resulting fitness. we tested for an et for grizzly (brown) bears using demographic and movement data collected in an area with rich food resources and concentrated human settlement. we derived measur ... | 2017 | 27677529 |
| a "clearcut" case? brown bear selection of coarse woody debris and carpenter ants on clearcuts. | forest management alters habitat characteristics, resulting in various effects among and within species. it is crucial to understand how habitat alteration through forest management (e.g. clearcutting) affects animal populations, particularly with unknown future conditions (e.g. climate change). in sweden, brown bears (ursus arctos) forage on carpenter ants (camponotus herculeanus) during summer, and may select for this food source within clearcuts. to assess carpenter ant occurrence and brown b ... | 2015 | 26190890 |
| the effect of a natural, standardized bilberry extract (mirtoselect®) in dry eye: a randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled trial. | dry eye, a chronic disease of lachrymal fluid and corneo-conjunctival epithelium, could significantly impact visual function, affects quality of life and work productivity. beside several conventional treatments, nutritional supplements based on bilberry extract have been identified as effective contributors to eye health. here, we aim at investigating the bioavailability of a standardized bilberry extract, its ability to alleviate dry eye symptoms and its antioxidant potential. | 0 | 28617532 |
| inhibition of protein and lipid oxidation in liposomes by berry phenolics. | the antioxidant activity of berry phenolics (at concentrations of 1.4, 4.2, and 8.4 mug of purified extracts/ml of liposome sample) such as anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins from raspberry (rubus idaeus), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea), and black currant (ribes nigrum) was investigated in a lactalbumin-liposome system. the extent of protein oxidation was measured by determining the loss of tryptophan fluorescence and formation of protein carb ... | 2004 | 15563229 |
| anthocyanosides of vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) for night vision--a systematic review of placebo-controlled trials. | we have systematically reviewed placebo-controlled trials of v. myrtillus-extracted anthocyanosides for evidence of positive effects on night vision. searches of computerized databases and citations in retrieved articles identified 30 trials with outcome measures relevant to vision in reduced light. of these, 12 were placebo-controlled. the 4 most recent trials were all randomized controlled trials (rcts) and were negative in outcome. a fifth rct and 7 non-randomized controlled trials reported p ... | 2007 | 14711439 |
| inhibitory activity of chokeberry, bilberry, raspberry and cranberry polyphenol-rich extract towards adipogenesis and oxidative stress in differentiated 3t3-l1 adipose cells. | berries are a rich source of antioxidants and phytochemicals that have received considerable interest for their possible relations to human health. in this study, the anti-adipogenic effect of polyphenol-rich extract obtained from chokeberry aronia melanocarpa (michx.) elliot, raspberry rubus idaeus l., bilberry vaccinium myrtillus l. and cranberry vaccinium macrocarpon aiton fruits and its underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated in differentiated 3t3-l1 adipose cells. treatment with t ... | 2017 | 29182628 |
| the potential of dark septate endophytes to form root symbioses with ectomycorrhizal and ericoid mycorrhizal middle european forest plants. | the unresolved ecophysiological significance of dark septate endophytes (dse) may be in part due to existence of morphologically indistinguishable cryptic species in the most common phialocephala fortinii s. l.--acephala applanata species complex (pac). we inoculated three middle european forest plants (european blueberry, norway spruce and silver birch) with 16 strains of eight pac cryptic species and other dse and ectomycorrhizal/ericoid mycorrhizal fungi and focused on intraradical structures ... | 2015 | 25905493 |
| a contribution to the species definition in the genus exobasidium (basidiomycetes). | the g + c content of the dna from 25 strains of various species of the parasitic exobasidia (basidiomycetes) ranges from 39.1 to 68.1 mol%. they can be ordered into ten distinct groups. exobasidium vaccinii (65.8-68.1 mol% g + c) lives on various vaccinium species causing mostly local infections. e. splendidum (48.0-51.7 mol% g + c) was found on the same vaccinium species and also on arctostaphylos uva-ursi. e. vaccinii-uliginosi (43.7-47.7 mol% g + c) found on vaccinium uliginosum did not fit i ... | 1983 | 23194593 |
| profiling of iridoid glycosides in vaccinium species by uhplc-ms. | the iridoid profile of four vaccinium species was investigated using uhplc-ms to obtain further information about this group of species for phytochemical characterization. fruits of bog bilberry (vaccinium uliginosum l.) showed 14 different iridoid glycosides with a total amount of 20mg/kg fresh weight (fw), whereas bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) contained 11 iridoid glycosides and a total amount of 127mg/kg fw. highbush blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum l.) and lowbush blueberry (vaccinium ang ... | 2017 | 28964369 |
| influence of accelerated solvent extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction on the anthocyanin profile of different vaccinium species in the context of statistical models for authentication. | anthocyanins are frequently discussed as marker compounds for fruit product authenticity. proper analysis including sample preparation for the determination of anthocyanin concentrations is crucial for the comparability of authenticity data. the present study determined the influence of accelerated solvent extraction (ase) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae), using two different solvent compositions on the anthocyanin profile of bilberries (vaccinium myrtillus l.), lowbush blueberries (vacc ... | 2015 | 26330254 |
| antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum l.) leaf infusions. | antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of leaf infusions prepared from six highbush blueberry cultivars (vaccinium corymbosum l.), one wild lowbush blueberry cultivar (vaccinium myrtillus l.), and one commercially available mix of genotypes were determined. in order to simulate household tea preparation conditions, infusions were prepared in water heated to 95 degrees c. the dynamics of extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants were monitored over the course of 30 minutes. extraction effici ... | 2009 | 19627210 |
| resveratrol, pterostilbene, and piceatannol in vaccinium berries. | a study was conducted to determine the presence of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and piceatannol in vaccinium berries. samples representing selections and cultivars of 10 species from mississippi, north carolina, oregon, and canada were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. resveratrol was found in vaccinium angustifolium (lowbush blueberry), vaccinium arboretum (sparkleberry), vaccinium ashei (rabbiteye blueberry), vaccinium corymbosum (highbush blueberry), vaccinium elliottii (elliot ... | 2004 | 15264904 |
| anti-inflammatory drugs and herbs with special emphasis on herbal medicines for countering inflammatory diseases and disorders - a review. | diseases with inflammatory etiopathology have increased in incidence in recent times. drugs used for therapeutic management of such inflammatory diseases are relieving the ailment but at the same time also countering serious life-threatening consequences. moreover, they are costly and rarely available at all places. in this context, research and development on medicinal herbs have opened a new era in the prophylactic and therapeutic management of inflammatory diseases. | 2018 | 29336271 |
| hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of vaccinium myrtillus l. leaf and phaseolus vulgaris l. seed coat extracts in diabetic rats. | the aim of this study was to examine the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of vaccinium myrtillus l. leaf (vle) and phaseolus vulgaris l. seed coat (pce) plant extracts, containing polyphenolic compounds, on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in wistar rats with streptozotocin (stz) and high-fructose diet (hfd)-induced diabetes. | 2017 | 28760419 |
| skin penetration and uv-damage prevention by nanoberries. | ethanolic extract from blueberry (vaccinium myrtillus) is rich in anthocyanins and thus exhibits antioxidant activity. on the other hand, ultradeformable liposomes are capable of penetrating to the impermeable barrier of skin. nanoberries are ultradeformable liposomes carrying blueberry extract. | 2017 | 28975707 |
| influence of different fermentation strategies on the phenolic profile of bilberry wine (vaccinium myrtillus l.). | polyphenol rich and especially anthocyanin rich berries like bilberries (vaccinium myrtillus l.) and derived products such as wine have enjoyed increasing popularity. during winemaking and aging, the phenolic profile undergoes distinct changes, a phenomenon that has been well investigated in grape wine but not in bilberry wine. the present study determined the influence of different fermentation strategies including various pre- and postfermentative heating and cooling concepts on the phenolic p ... | 2017 | 28749662 |
| relationship between polyphenol content and anti-influenza viral effects of berries. | berries are known to have many kinds of biological activities. we focused on their antiviral effect, which has not yet been well evaluated. | 2013 | 23355221 |
| children's hedonic response to berry products: effect of chemical composition of berries and htas2r38 genotype on liking. | the hedonic response of 104 healthy children, recruited from day-care centres and schools, to 12 different berry products with varying content of added sugar was studied. the berries used as ingredients were blackcurrant (ribes nigrum), sea buckthorn (hippophaë rhamnoides), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus), and lingonberry (vaccinium vitis-idaea). another aim of the study was to study the effects of the chemical composition of berries as well as children's htas2r38 taste receptor genotypes on liki ... | 2012 | 22953845 |
| resveratrol in raw and baked blueberries and bilberries. | resveratrol in the fruits of bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.), the lowbush "wild" blueberry (vaccinium angustifolium aiton), the rabbiteye blueberry (vaccinium ashei reade), and the highbush blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum l.) were measured using a new assay based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). the lc-ms/ms assay provided lower limits of detection than previous methods for resveratrol measurement, 90 fmol of trans-resveratrol injected on-column, a ... | 2003 | 13129286 |
| liquid chromatographic/electrospray ionization quadrupole/time of flight tandem mass spectrometric study of polyphenolic composition of different vaccinium berry species and their comparative evaluation. | ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry with both negative and positive ionization was used for comprehensively investigating the phenolic and polyphenolic compounds in berries from three spontaneous or cultivated vaccinium species (i.e., vaccinium myrtillus, vaccinium uliginosum subsp. gaultherioides, and vaccinium corymbosum). more than 200 analytes, among phenolic and polyphenolic compounds belonging to the classes ... | 2017 | 27847974 |
| a brief review of blue- and bilberries' potential to curb cardio-metabolic perturbations: focus on diabetes. | some epidemiological studies suggest that increased consumption of anthocyanins is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (cvd) and hypertension. also, high consumption of anthocyanin-rich fruit, such as berries, is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (t2d). in this review, we briefly yet critically assess the available evidence in support of an anti-diabetic role of anthocyanins derived from berries, especially bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l., also known as ... | 2017 | 27748191 |
| anthocyanin profile in berries of wild and cultivated vaccinium spp. along altitudinal gradients in the alps. | vaccinium spp. berries provide some of the best natural sources of anthocyanins. in the wild bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.), a clear increasing trend in anthocyanin biosynthesis has been reported toward northern latitudes of europe, but studies related to altitude have given contradictory results. the present study focused on the anthocyanin composition in wild bilberries and highbush blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum l. cv. brigitta blue) growing along altitudinal gradients in the alps of nort ... | 2015 | 26373665 |
| variability of procyanidin type a- and -b trimers content in aerial parts of some vaccinium species and cultivars. | based on the ethnopharmacological data showing that either wild bilberry leaves or whole aerial parts of the plants have been used as antidiabetic drugs, it can be hypothesized that the controversial results of various clinical and animal investigations may be caused by different contents of the active principles in different aerial parts of the bilberry/blueberry (vaccinium spp.) plants, as well as by their geographical and seasonal variability. the aim of this study was to compare the content ... | 2014 | 25115086 |
| high performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (vaccinium myrtillus l.), blueberries (vaccinium corymbosum l.), and corresponding juices. | in the present study the anthocyanin content of commercially available bilberry juices and fresh fruits were quantified by using 15 authentic anthocyanin standards via high performance liquid chromatography with an ultra-violet detector (hplc-uv/vis). delphinidin-3-o-glucopyranoside, delphinidin-3-o-galactopyranoside, and cyanidin-3-o-arabinopyranoside were the major anthocyanins found in juices, nectar, and fresh bilberries. in contrast, fresh blueberries had higher concentrations of malvidin-3 ... | 2012 | 22394068 |
| phenolics in slovenian bilberries ( vaccinium myrtillus l.) and blueberries ( vaccinium corymbosum l.). | phenolics from bilberries ( vaccinium myrtillus l.) sampled from seven different locations and highbush blueberries ( vaccinium corymbosum l.) from one location in slovenia were analyzed. in samples of both species 15 anthocyanins were identified by lc-ms/ms. their contents were expressed as cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalents (c3ge); bilberries contained 1210.3 ± 111.5 mg c3ge/100 g fw and blueberries 212.4 ± 14.1 mg c3ge/100 g fw. glycosides of delphinidin and cyanidin were predominant (488.5 vs ... | 2011 | 21574578 |
| bog bilberry (vaccinium uliginosum l.) extract reduces cultured hep-g2, caco-2, and 3t3-l1 cell viability, affects cell cycle progression, and has variable effects on membrane permeability. | bog bilberry (vaccinium uliginosum l.) is a blue-pigmented edible berry related to bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) and the common blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum). the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a bog bilberry anthocyanin extract (bbae) on cell growth, membrane permeability, and cell cycle of 2 malignant cancer cell lines, caco-2 and hep-g2, and a nonmalignant murine 3t3-l1 cell line. bbae contained 3 identified anthocyanins. the most abundant anthocyanin was cyan ... | 2010 | 20492295 |
| organ-specific distribution of phenolic compounds in bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) and 'northblue' blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum x v. angustifolium). | blueberries and bilberries are recognized as some of the best sources of flavonoids, especially anthocyanins. the contents of flavonoids (anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols) and hydroxycinnamic acids in the flower, fruit skin and pulp, leaf and rhizome of bilberry and the blueberry cultivar 'northblue' were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode-array detection. the most striking difference in the fruits was the predominance of hydroxycinnamic acids in ... | 2008 | 26050178 |
| protective activities of vaccinium antioxidants with potential relevance to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity. | both the neurotransmitter dopamine (da) and a neurotoxic metabolite, 6-hydroxy da, can be oxidized to generate hydrogen peroxide and other reactive species (ros). ros promote oxidative stress and have been implicated in dopaminergic neurodegeneration, e.g., parkinson's disease (pd). there is also evidence for a relation between catecholamine-mediated oxidative damage in dopaminergic neurons and the effects of these neurotransmitters on the redox state of cytochrome c (cytc). in neurons and other ... | 2007 | 16956663 |
| native vaccinium spp. and gaylussacia spp. infested by rhagoletis mendax (diptera: tephritidae) in the great lakes region: a potential source of inoculum for infestation of cultivated blueberries. | in this study, we addressed the question of whether or not native stands of blueberry (vaccinium spp.) and/or huckleberry (gaylussacia spp.) support populations of blueberry maggot, rhagoletis mendax curran, in the great lakes region. infestation of commercial blueberries by the blueberry maggot, r. mendax, is a serious problem in many areas where blueberries are grown. in the past 10-20 yr, commercial bighbush blueberry, vaccinium corymbosum l., production has expanded into places such as south ... | 2001 | 11777039 |
| bilberry extracts are not created equal: the role of non anthocyanin fraction. discovering the "dark side of the force" in a preliminary study. | several experimental studies and clinical trials support the potential of bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l) extracts in promoting eye health and circulation. many active ingredients have been isolated from the berries and leaves of the bilberry plant. however, anthocyanins represent the most widely studied bioactive compounds in this plant. | 2016 | 27338070 |
| anthocyanin profile, antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibiting properties of blueberry and cranberry juices: a comparative study. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) and blueberry (vaccinium myrtillus) juices are commonly consumed as a source of antioxidants. the aim of this study was to compare bioactivities as well as the differences in the polyphenol content and anthocyanin profile of both juices. polyphenol and anthocyanin contents were quantified using spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. bioassays were carried out in terms of antioxidant properties in cell and cell free systems as well as inhibition of physi ... | 2017 | 29038797 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of berry fruits in mice model of inflammation is based on oxidative stress modulation. | many fruits have been used as nutraceuticals because the presence of bioactive molecules that play biological activities. | 2016 | 27114691 |
| recovery of anthocyanins from residues of rubus fruticosus, vaccinium myrtillus and eugenia brasiliensis by ultrasound assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction and their combination. | this work investigated the extraction efficiency of polyphenols (anthocyanins) from blackberry, blueberry and grumixama residues using combined ultrasonic assisted extraction (uae) and pressurized liquid extraction (ple) (uae+ple). the performance of uae+ple was compared to those achieved by the isolated ple and uae methods and conventional soxhlet extraction. the effects of the extraction methods and solvents (acidified water ph 2.0, ethanol+water 50% v/v and ethanol+water 70% ethanol v/v) on t ... | 2017 | 28449984 |
| a wild 'albino' bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.) from slovenia shows three bottlenecks in the anthocyanin pathway and significant differences in the expression of several regulatory genes compared to the common blue berry type. | relative expressions of structural genes and a number of transcription factors of the anthocyanin pathway relevant in vaccinium species, and related key enzyme activities were compared with the composition and content of metabolites in skins of ripe fruits of wild albino and blue bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) found in slovenia. compared to the common blue type, the albino variant had a 151-fold lower total anthocyanin and a 7-fold lower total phenolic content in their berry skin, which correlat ... | 2017 | 29272302 |
| the effects of vaccinium myrtillus extract on hamster pial microcirculation during hypoperfusion-reperfusion injury. | the present study was aimed to assess the in vivo hamster pial microvessel alterations due to 30 min transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (bccao) and reperfusion (60 min); moreover, the neuroprotective effects of vaccinium myrtillus extract, containing 34.7% of anthocyanins, were investigated. | 2016 | 27070318 |
| polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant and antiradical activity of italian berries from vaccinium myrtillus l. and vaccinium uliginosum l. subsp. gaultherioides (bigelow) s.b. young. | total soluble polyphenols (tsp), total monomeric anthocyanins (tma), radical scavenging activity (rsa), ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap), and a number of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, coumarins, flavanols, dihydrochalcones and flavonols were investigated in tuscan bilberry (i.e. vaccinium myrtillus) and "false bilberry" (i.e. vaccinium uliginosum subsp. gaultherioides bigelow). v. myrtillus berries showed much higher tsp, tma, rsa and frap values than v. uliginosum subsp. gaultherioides ... | 2016 | 26988491 |
| the protective effects of whortleberry extract against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats. | cisplatin is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many types of cancer. however, ototoxicity, one of the most serious side effects of cisplatin, restricts its usage. | 2017 | 29174583 |
| phytochemical properties and antioxidant activities of extracts from wild blueberries and lingonberries. | among vaccinium species, blueberries (vaccinium myrtillus l.) and lingonberries (vaccinium vitis-idaea) are popular in the human diet. in this study, total phenolic, total flavonoid and total monomeric anthocyanin contents in the ethanol-water extracts of blueberry and lingonberry fruits grown wild in the forests in the central region of poland were assayed. antioxidant activities of the extracts from each plant were also evaluated for scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) r ... | 2017 | 29134464 |
| enhanced glucose uptake in human liver cells and inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes by nordic berry extracts. | a western lifestyle with low physical activity and a diet rich in sugar, fat and processed food contribute to higher incidences of diabetes and obesity. enhanced glucose uptake in human liver cells was observed after treatment with phenolic extracts from different nordic berries. all berry extracts showed higher inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase than the anti-diabetic agent acarbose. total phenolic content and phenolic profiles in addition to antioxidant activities, were also invest ... | 2017 | 29064442 |
| both seed germination and seedling mortality increase with experimental warming and fertilization in a subarctic tundra. | climate change is expected to force many species in arctic regions to migrate and track their climatic niche. this requires recruitment from seed, which currently shows very low rates in arctic regions, where long-lived and vegetatively reproducing plants dominate. therefore, we pose the question whether recruitment (germination and seedling establishment) in arctic regions will significantly improve in a warmer world, and thus allow species to follow their climatic niche. we used a full factori ... | 2017 | 29026511 |
| effects of vaccinium berries on serum lipids: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | the beneficial effects of anthocyanins consumption on cardiovascular risk are supported by mechanistic and epidemiologic evidence. in order to explore the effects of vaccinium berries rich in anthocyanins on serum lipids, we conducted a meta-analysis of relevant randomized controlled trials (rcts). sixteen studies with 1109 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. significant heterogeneity confirmed differential effects between vaccinium subclasses. the whortleberry group is significantly s ... | 2015 | 26345230 |
| effect of extracts of bilberries (vaccinium myrtillus l.) on amyloglucosidase and α-glucosidase activity. | vaccinium myrtillus l. is a species belonging to the genus vaccinium of the family ericaceae. bilberries have drawn attention due to the multiple benefits for the human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-neurodegenerative, and cardioprotective effects. recently, bilberries were shown to inhibit the activity of carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes that can help reduce the intensity of the metabolic syndrome and prevent type 2 diabetes. | 2017 | 28704188 |
| vascular plants as ecological indicators of metals in alpine vegetation (karkonosze, sw poland). | calluna vulgaris, carex rigida, deschampsia flexuosa, nardus stricta and vaccinium myrtillus are abundant in the vegetation of mountainous areas in northern and central europe. knowledge of their ability to accumulate increased amounts of metals could be useful in the evaluation of environmental pollution in the alpine tundra of high mountains. additionally, this investigation may contribute to understanding the rate and direction of recent vegetation change in karkonosze and similar types of en ... | 2017 | 28702907 |
| bioaccumulation of heavy metals and ecophysiological responses to heavy metal stress in selected populations of vaccinium myrtillus l. and vaccinium vitis-idaea l. | the aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (cd, pb, zn, fe, and mn) in soil, and their bioavailability and bioaccumulation in vaccinium myrtillus l. and vaccinium vitis-idaea l. organs. analysis also concerned the physiological responses of these plants from three polluted sites (immediate vicinity of a zinc smelter in miasteczko śląskie, arcelormittal poland s.a. iron smelter in dąbrowa górnicza-łosień, and jaworzno iii power plant in jaworzno) and one pseudo-cont ... | 2017 | 28624857 |
| understanding the drivers of extensive plant damage in boreal and arctic ecosystems: insights from field surveys in the aftermath of damage. | the exact cause of population dieback in nature is often challenging to identify retrospectively. plant research in northern regions has in recent decades been largely focussed on the opposite trend, namely increasing populations and higher productivity. however, a recent unexpected decline in remotely-sensed estimates of terrestrial arctic primary productivity suggests that warmer northern lands do not necessarily result in higher productivity. as large-scale plant dieback may become more frequ ... | 2017 | 28558420 |
| fasting serum hippuric acid is elevated after bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) consumption and associates with improvement of fasting glucose levels and insulin secretion in persons at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. | urinary hippuric acid has been proposed as a biomarker for fruit, vegetable, and polyphenol consumption. we assessed how serum hippuric acid changes after a bilberry-enriched diet (bb; high anthocyanin intake) and another berry diet including strawberries, raspberries, and cloudberries (src; lower anthocyanin intake) and how these changes associate with insulin and glucose metabolism. | 2017 | 28556578 |
| pharmacokinetic profile of bilberry anthocyanins in rats and the role of glucose transporters: lc-ms/ms and computational studies. | the aim of the present investigation was to better understand the pharmacokinetic profile of bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) anthocyanins and the role of glucose transporters (sglt1 and glut2) on their absorption. in particular, the absorption of 15 different anthocyanins contained in a standardized bilberry extract (mirtoselect®) was measured in rats by a validated lc-esi-ms/ms approach. the plasma concentration peak (cmax) of 11.1ng/ml was reached after 30min and fasting condition significantly ... | 2017 | 28499643 |
| in vitro study of biological activities of anthocyanin-rich berry extracts on porcine intestinal epithelial cells. | anthocyanins, compounds that represent the major group of flavonoids in berries, are one of the most powerful natural antioxidants. the aim of this study was to evaluate biological activities and comparison of anthocyanin-rich extracts prepared from chokeberry (aronia melanocarpa), elderberry (sambucus nigra), bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus) and blueberry (v. corymbosum) on the porcine intestinal epithelial ipec-1 cell line. | 2016 | 25801092 |
| chemical composition, antioxidant and α-glucosidase-inhibiting activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of vaccinium myrtillus leaves. | vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry) leaf is traditionally used in southeastern europe for the treatment of diabetes. in the present study, the ability of bilberry leaf extracts to inhibit carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes and restore glutathione concentration in hep g2 cells subjected to glucose-induced oxidative stress was investigated. a comprehensive analysis of the antioxidant activity of two bilberry leaf extracts was performed. the aqueous extract showed excellent total antioxidant and chelating ... | 2017 | 28452948 |