Publications

protective effects of fruits and vegetables against in vivo clastogenicity of cyclosphosphamide or benzo[a]pyrene in mice.	seven fruits and 10 vegetables commonly consumed in germany were investigated for their anticlastogenic potencies against cyclophosphamide (cp) and benzo[a]pyrene (bap) in the in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. we detected protective effects in 76.5% and 70.6% of the samples, respectively, and more or less distinct quantitative differences between the various plant materials and the two clastogens investigated. with respect to cp, moderate activities were exerted by sweet cherries, st ...	1998	9734714
experimental study of oxidative dna damage.	animal experiments allow the study of oxidative dna damage in target organs and the elucidation of dose-response relationships of carcinogenic and other harmful chemicals and conditions as well as the study of interactions of several factors. so far the effects of more than 50 different chemical compounds have been studied in animal experiments mainly in rats and mice, and generally with measurement of 8-oxodg with hplc-ec. a large number of well-known carcinogens induce 8-oxodg formation in liv ...	1998	10098457
a comparison of the individual and collective effects of four glucosinolate breakdown products from brussels sprouts on induction of detoxification enzymes.	four glucosinolate derivatives were evaluated individually and as a mixture for their effects on hepatic p4501a (cyp1a), glutathione s-transferase (gst), quinone reductase (qr), glutathione reductase (g-rd), and gsh levels. doses of the derivatives were chosen to represent their relative abundance in brussels sprouts. adult male f344 rats received either corn oil (vehicle); one of the agents: indole-3-carbinol (i3c, 56 mg/kg), iberin (38 mg/kg), phenylethylisothiocyanate (peitc, 0.1 mg/kg), or c ...	1998	9512722
antitumour promoting activity of indole-3-carbinol in mouse skin carcinogenesis.	there has been growing interest in recent years in the potential of brassica vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, etc.) as vectors for the introduction of anticarcinogenic compounds in the diet. indole-3-carbinol, a major indole metabolite present in the cruciferous vegetables, has been found to inhibit various rodent tumours when administered prior to or during carcinogen exposure. in this study, the antitumour promoting potential of indole-3-carbinol was studied in a two-stage m ...	1998	10381134
in vitro and in vivo inhibition of human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 3 (fmo3) in the presence of dietary indoles.	the effect of consumption of glucosinolate-containing brussels sprouts on flavin-containing monooxygenase functional activity in humans was investigated in 10 healthy, male, non-smoking volunteers. after a 3-week run-in period, 5 volunteers continued on a glucosinolate-free diet for 3 weeks (control group), and 5 others consumed 300 g of cooked brussels sprouts per day (sprouts group). human flavin-containing monooxygenase activity was measured by determining the levels of urinary trimethylamine ...	1999	10509757
behavior of listeria monocytogenes and aeromonas spp. on fresh-cut produce packaged under equilibrium-modified atmosphere.	storage experiments were conducted to follow the behavior of pathogens on fresh-cut vegetables (trimmed brussels sprouts, grated carrots, shredded iceberg lettuce, and shredded chicory endives) packaged under an equilibrium-modified atmosphere (ema) (2 to 3% o2, 2 to 3% co2, and 94 to 96% n2) and stored at 7 degrees c. as a comparison, fresh-cut vegetables were also packaged in a perforated high-barrier film (air conditions) and stored at 7 degrees c. in a first step, the shelf life of the veget ...	1999	10528715
brassica vegetables and cancer prevention. epidemiology and mechanisms.	this paper first gives an overview of the epidemiological data concerning the cancer-preventive effect of brassica vegetables, including cabbages, kale, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower. a protective effect of brassicas against cancer may be plausible due to their relatively high content of glucosinolates. certain hydrolysis products of glucosinolates have shown anticarcinogenic properties. the results of six cohort studies and 74 case-control studies on the association between brassi ...	1999	10736624
large scale determination of glucosinolates in brussels sprouts samples after degradation of endogenous glucose.	a method was developed for the determination of the glucosinolate content in glucose-rich samples of brassica vegetables such as brussels sprouts. glucose in the samples was enzymatically degraded by the enzyme glucose oxidase (god). the resulting hydrogen peroxide and the enzyme god were thereafter respectively dissociated and inactivated by a heat treatment at 100 degrees c. after the degradation of endogenous glucose the glucosinolates were converted into glucose and related metabolites with ...	1999	10552411
taste and food preferences as predictors of dietary practices in young women.	to investigate links between taste responses, self-reported food preferences and selected dietary outcomes in young women.	1999	10656470
plant sterols in vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in sweden.	plant sterols are known to have serum cholesterol lowering effects. a high dietary intake might therefore have a positive impact on health. all food items of vegetable origin contain some amount of plant sterols. the aim of this study was to analyse the plant sterol content of vegetables and fruits commonly consumed in sweden, and to compare fresh and cooked samples of the same items. altogether 20 different vegetables and 14 fruits were analysed. all vegetables and fruits were purchased in two ...	1999	10352947
chemoprevention of breast cancer.	a critical question is, why do the european studies fail to confirm the us study? clearly, the answers are complex and uncertain. differences in power, age, risk, compliance, the use of ert, and follow-up in the european studies may all be relevant. the efficacy of tamoxifen in brca 1 or 2 carriers is an important issue; recent data have shown a dna repair defect in those with brca 1 gene alterations. this finding, coupled with the potential genotoxicity of tamoxifen, is of concern, but the nsab ...	1999	10572559
carotene, tocopherol, and ascorbate contents in subspecies of brassica oleracea.	cruciferous vegetables contain high levels of vitamins that can act as antioxidants, compounds that may protect against several degenerative diseases. the edible portions of 50 broccoli and 13 cabbage, kale, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts accessions were assayed to determine variation in alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and ascorbate contents within and between subspecies of brassica oleracea. ascorbate content was estimated in fresh samples using hplc. tissu ...	1999	10564019
variation of glucosinolates in vegetable crops of brassica oleracea.	glucosinolates were evaluated in 5 groups and 65 accessions of brassica oleracea (50 broccoli, 4 brussels sprouts, 6 cabbage, 3 cauliflower, and 2 kale) grown under uniform cultural conditions. glucosinolates and their concentrations varied among the different groups and within each group. the predominant glucosinolates in broccoli were 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin), 3-butenyl glucosinolate (gluconapin), and 3-indolylmethyl glucosinoate (glucobrassicin). glucoraphanin conce ...	1999	10564014
content of glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables grown at the same site for two years under different climatic conditions.	individual glucosinolates (gls) were determined in vegetables of three cruciferae species: brassica oleracea l. (white cabbage, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi), brassica rapa l. (turnip), and raphanus sativus l. (red radish, black radish, and white radish) produced in two years. the cultivars were compared for the contents of total-, indole-, and aliphatic gls. in both years, the total content of gls was highest in black radish, and all examined r. sati ...	2000	10898637
coexistence and niche segregation by field populations of the parasitoids cotesia glomerata and c. rubecula in the netherlands: predicting field performance from laboratory data.	field experiments with foraging parasitoids are essential to validate the conclusions from laboratory studies and to interpret differences in searching and host selection behaviour of parasitoid species. furthermore, field experiments can indicate whether the parameters measured in the laboratory are relevant to elucidation of the ecological processes under study, such as adaptation or species interactions. in previous extensive laboratory studies we studied plant- and host-searching behaviour, ...	2000	28308412
compilation of a provisional uk database for the phylloquinone (vitamin k1) content of foods.	this paper reports the compilation of a food composition database for phylloquinone (vitamin k1) derived from the direct analysis of foods, recipe calculation and the assignment of values based on food similarities. all the basic and other food items used in these calculations had been analysed by hplc and about 170 of the items had been obtained and assayed in the uk. recipe calculations took account of the cooking method and changes in water and fat content. currently, approximately 1501 food ...	2000	10858697
young women's food preferences and taste responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (prop).	this study examined links between taste responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (prop), a heritable trait, and sensory responses to six common foods. sixty-three young women subjects were divided into prop tasters (n = 25) and nontasters (n = 25), based on their responses to prop-impregnated filter paper and mean bitterness intensity ratings for seven prop solutions. thirteen subjects were excluded as unclassifiable. the 50 subjects sampled brussels sprouts, broccoli, spinach, black coffee, soy m ...	2000	10764899
a new method to monitor airborne inoculum of the fungal plant pathogens mycosphaerella brassicicola and botrytis cinerea.	we describe a new microtiter immunospore trapping device (mtist device) that uses a suction system to directly trap air particulates by impaction in microtiter wells. this device can be used for rapid detection and immunoquantification of ascospores of mycosphaerella brassicicola and conidia of botrytis cinerea by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) under controlled environmental conditions. for ascospores of m. brassicicola correlation coefficients (r(2)) of 0.943 and 0.9514 were obser ...	2000	10877797
inhibition of oxidative dna damage in vitro by extracts of brussels sprouts.	cruciferous vegetables have cancer preventive effects which may be due to reduction of oxidative dna damage. we investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of cooked brussels sprouts on formation of 7-hydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodg) in calf thymus dna in vitro. damage was induced by a fenton reaction, uvc (254 nm), uva (365 nm), sunlamp light, and methylene blue with visible light. the extract inhibited 8-oxodg formation in all systems except visible light with methylene blue. the ic50 ...	2000	10885626
estrogenic effects of extracts from cabbage, fermented cabbage, and acidified brussels sprouts on growth and gene expression of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer (mcf-7) cells.	cruciferous vegetable extracts from freeze-dried cabbage (fdc), freeze-dried fermented cabbage (fds), and acidified brussels sprouts (abs) were prepared by exhaustive extraction with ethyl acetate. estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects of these extracts were analyzed. to identify whether the extracts are potential estrogen receptor (er) ligands that can act as agonists or antagonists, the binding affinity of extracts for the er was measured using a competitive radiometric binding assay. the extr ...	2000	11052710
a brassica oleracea gene expressed in a variety-specific manner may encode a novel plant transmembrane receptor.	the species brassica oleracea includes several agricultural varieties characterized by the proliferation of different types of meristems. using a combination of subtractive hybridization and pcr (polymerase chain reaction) techniques we have identified several genes which are expressed in the reproductive meristems of the cauliflower curd (b. oleracea var. botrytis) but not in the vegetative meristems of brussels sprouts (b. oleracea var. gemmifera) axillary buds. one of the cloned genes, termed ...	2001	11333311
effects of brussels sprouts extracts on hydrogen peroxide-induced dna strand breaks in human lymphocytes.	aqueous brussels sprouts extracts inhibit oxidation of isolated dna in vitro, possibly through scavenging oxygen radicals. we have studied the effect of preincubating human lymphocytes with aqueous extracts of raw, cooked and autolysed brussels sprouts and the glucosinolate, sinigrin, on hydrogen peroxide-induced dna damage, strand breaks and base oxidation, in vitro by means of the comet assay. dna repair enzymes endonuclease iii (endoiii) and formamidopyrimidine-dna glycosylase (fpg) were used ...	2001	11696392
effects of a brussels sprouts extract on oxidative dna damage and metabolising enzymes in rat liver.	the apparent anticarcinogenic effect of cruciferous vegetables found in numerous epidemiological and experimental studies has been associated with their influence on phase i and phase ii metabolising enzymes as well as on the antioxidant status. in the present study we investigated the effect of administration of a brussels sprouts extract on the expression at the mrna level and/or catalytic activity in rat liver of three phase i enzymes [cytochrome p450-1a2 (cyp1a2),-2b1/2 (cyp2b1/2) and-2e1 (c ...	2001	11346482
effects of cruciferous vegetables and their constituents on drug metabolizing enzymes involved in the bioactivation of dna-reactive dietary carcinogens.	epidemiological studies give evidence that cruciferous vegetables (cf) protect humans against cancer, and also results from animal experiments show that they reduce chemically induced tumor formation. these properties have been attributed to alterations in the metabolism of carcinogens by breakdown products of glucosinolates, which are constituents of cf. the present article gives an overview on the present state of knowledge on the impact of cf and their constituents on enzymes that are involve ...	2001	11506821
effect of cruciferous vegetable consumption on heterocyclic aromatic amine metabolism in man.	the consumption of cooked meat appears to predispose individuals to colonic cancer and heterocyclic aromatic amines (ha), formed during the cooking of meat, have been suggested as aetiological agents. consumption of cruciferous vegetables is thought to protect against cancer. to study the effect of cruciferous vegetables on heterocyclic aromatic amine metabolism in man, a three-period, dietary intervention study has been carried out with 20 non-smoking caucasian male subjects consuming cooked me ...	2001	11532863
the synergistic upregulation of phase ii detoxification enzymes by glucosinolate breakdown products in cruciferous vegetables.	cruciferous vegetables contain secondary metabolites termed glucosinolates that break down to products that upregulate hepatic detoxification enzymes. we have previously shown that a mixture of four major glucosinolate breakdown products from brussels sprouts interact to produce synergistic induction of phase ii detoxification enzymes. here we tested the hypothesis that this synergism is at the level of transcription and is due to the interaction between the oral bifunctional inducer, indole-3-c ...	2001	11446830
cytostatic effects of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in human endometrial cancer cells result from an estrogen receptor-mediated increase in transforming growth factor-alpha expression.	3,3'-diindolylmethane (dim), a major in vivo product of indole-3-carbinol (i3c), is a promising anticancer agent derived from vegetables of the brassica genus including broccoli, brussels sprouts and cabbage. we report here that dim has a potent cytostatic effect in cultured human ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. a combination of northern blot and quantitative pcr analyses revealed that dim induced the level of tgf-alpha transcripts by approximately 4-fold within 24 h of indole treatment. dim ...	2001	11698343
post-initiation treatment of indole-3-carbinol did not suppress n-methyl-n-nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats.	the consumption of cruciferous vegetables (the family of cruciferae) such as cabbage, broccoli and brussels sprouts has been shown to have cancer chemopreventive effects in humans and experimental animals. indole-3-carbinol (i3c), one component of cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to exert cancer chemopreventive influence in liver, colon, and mammary tissue when given before or concurrent with exposure to a carcinogen. however in some reports, there has been evidence that consumption of i3c ...	2001	11431103
genetic taste markers and food preferences.	sensitivity to the bitter taste of 6-n-propylthiouracil (prop) is an inherited trait. although some people find prop to be extremely bitter, others cannot distinguish prop solutions from plain water. in a series of studies, greater prop sensitivity was linked with lower acceptability of other bitter compounds and with lower reported liking for some bitter foods. women, identified as "super-tasters" of prop, had lower acceptance scores for grapefruit juice, green tea, brussels sprouts, and some s ...	2001	11259346
applying science to changing dietary patterns.	the intake of 400-600 g/d of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced incidence of many common forms of cancer. these foods contain phytochemicals that can modulate gene expression to inhibit carcinogenesis via multiple pathways. many phytochemicals are colorful, providing an easy way to communicate increased diversity of fruits and vegetables to the public. red foods contain lycopene, the pigment in tomatoes, which is localized in the prostate gland and may be involved in maintaining pr ...	2001	11694651
the alpha-linolenic acid content of green vegetables commonly available in australia.	green vegetable consumption has long been considered to have health benefits mainly due to the vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients (such as vitamin c, folate, antioxidants etc) contained in a vegetable-rich diet. additionally, green vegetables are known to contain a relatively high proportion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), primarily in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). however, there are no data available on the fatty acid composition and concentration of green veget ...	2001	11582857
systemically induced plant volatiles emitted at the time of "danger".	feeding by pieris brassicae caterpillars on the lower leaves of brussels sprouts (brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) plants triggers the release of volatiles from upper leaves. the volatiles are attractive for a natural antagonist of the herbivore, the parasitoid cotesia glomerata. parasitoids are attracted only if additional damage is inflicted on the systemically induced upper leaves and only after at least three days of herbivore feeding on the lower leaves. upon termination of caterpillar fee ...	2001	11817078
effect of vegetables, tea, and soy on endogenous n-nitrosation, fecal ammonia, and fecal water genotoxicity during a high red meat diet in humans.	red meat increases colonic n-nitrosation, and this may explain the positive epidemiological relationship between red meat intake and colorectal cancer risk. vegetables, tea, and soy have been shown to block n-nitroso compound (noc) formation and are associated with protection against colorectal cancer. to determine whether these supplements affect fecal noc excretion during consumption of a high red meat (420 g/day) diet, 11 male volunteers were studied over a randomized series of 15-day dietary ...	2002	12235653
modeling the impact of plant structure on host-finding behavior of parasitoids.	for many parasitoid species, the final step of host location occurs on plants whose structure varies in time and space, altering the capacity of parasitoids to exploit hosts. plant structure can be defined by its size, heterogeneity and connectivity. we tested the hypothesis that these three components and all possible interactions affect the level of parasitism of trichogramma evanescens and that parasitism can be predicted if the structure of a plant is measured. we quantified and varied the s ...	2002	28547046
isothiocyanates as cancer chemopreventive agents: their biological activities and metabolism in rodents and humans.	isothiocyanates (itcs) are a group of naturally occurring compounds that occur as thioglucoside conjugates, termed glucosinolates, in plants and cruciferous vegetables such as watercress, brussels sprouts, broccoli, cabbage, kai choi, kale, horseradish, radish and turnip. itcs inhibit the development of tumors in many of the experimental models investigated, and are being investigated as possible chemopreventive agents for specific human cancers. the goal of this review is to provide a mechanist ...	2002	12083319
protective effects of brussels sprouts towards b[a]p-induced dna damage: a model study with the single-cell gel electrophoresis (scge)/hep g2 assay.	the aim of this study was to investigate the chemoprotective effects of brussels sprouts juice towards benzo[a]pyrene (b(a)p)-induced dna damage in the single-cell gel electrophoresis (scge)/hep g2 test system. this assay combines the advantages of the scge assay with that of the use of human-derived cells possessing inducible phase i and phase ii enzymes. co-treatment of hep g2 cells with small amounts of brussels sprouts juice (0.25-2.0 microl/ml) and b(a)p reduced the genotoxic effect of the ...	2002	12067567
susceptibility of four different vegetable brassicas to cabbage whitefly (aleyrodes proletella l., aleyrodidae) attack.	cabbage whitefly (aleyrodes proletella l.) is one of the most noticeable pests on cultivated brassica species in the continental part of slovenia. in year 2000 a susceptibility of four different vegetables of brassica genus to cabbage whitefly attack had been examined. the highest number of imagoes and larvae was found on kale, significantly less on savoy cabbage and brussels sprouts and only individual specimen on cabbage. due to relatively small parcels, the most appropriate way of determining ...	2002	12696419
effect of brussels sprouts and inulin/rape seed cake on the sensory profile of pork m. longissimus dorsi.	the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of two diets containing either brussels sprouts or inulin/rape seed cake, compared with a standard diet (control) for slaughter pigs on flavour and odour attributes and sensory profile of cooked pork. three weeks prior to slaughter 24 female pigs were allocated to three diets: (1) a standard grower-finishing diet (control) for slaughter pigs containing barley, wheat and soy-bean meal, (2) the control diet containing 11 energy perce ...	2002	22061075
indole-3-carbinol induces a g1 cell cycle arrest and inhibits prostate-specific antigen production in human lncap prostate carcinoma cells.	indole-3-carbinol (i3c), a naturally occurring component of brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, and brussels sprouts, is a promising anticancer agent for certain reproductive tumor cells. the objective of the current study was to characterize the cell cycle effects of i3c in human prostate carcinoma cells.	2003	14635088
the effects of repeated applications of the molluscicide metaldehyde and the biocontrol nematode phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita on molluscs, earthworms, nematodes, acarids and collembolans: a two-year study in north-west spain.	over two years, six consecutive field experiments were done in which the chemical molluscicide metaldehyde and the nematode biocontrol agent phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (schneider) were applied at the standard field rates to replicated mini-plots successively planted with lettuce, brussels sprouts, leaf beet and cabbage, to compare the effectiveness of different treatments in reducing slug damage to the crops. soil samples from each plot were taken prior to the start of the experiments, and th ...	2003	14620048
chemoprevention of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq)-induced colonic and hepatic preneoplastic lesions in the f344 rat by cruciferous vegetables administered simultaneously with the carcinogen.	the aim of this study was to investigate the chemopreventive effects of widely consumed cruciferous vegetables, namely brussels sprouts and red cabbage towards 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq)-induced preneoplastic lesions [liver glutathione-s-transferase placental positive (gst-p(+)) foci and colonic aberrant crypt foci (acf)]. male f344 rats were treated with iq (100 mg/kg bw/g) on 10 alternating days and received drinking water supplemented with brussels sprouts and red cabbage ju ...	2003	12584175
induction of rat hepatic and intestinal udp-glucuronosyltransferases by naturally occurring dietary anticarcinogens.	gastrointestinal tumours are among the most common malignancies in western society, the majority of which are associated with dietary and lifestyle factors. many dietary or lifestyle factors have been identified which may have toxic or carcinogenic properties. however, several dietary compounds also able to reduce gastrointestinal cancer rates in both humans and animals have been characterized. though the exact mechanism leading to the anticarcinogenic action of these compounds is not fully know ...	2003	12869420
evaluation of urinary n-acetyl cysteinyl allyl isothiocyanate as a biomarker for intake and bioactivity of brussels sprouts.	isothiocyanates (itc), glucosinolate hydrolysis products from brussels sprouts (bs) and other cruciferous vegetables, are considered to protect the body from cancer by induction of detoxification enzymes such as quinone reductase (qr). urinary n-acetyl-cysteine (nac) conjugates of itc have been proposed as biomarkers of crucifer intake. here we asked if dietary intake and induction of detoxification enzymes are dose-related to urinary nac conjugate appearance. male f344 rats (4/group) received a ...	2003	14563407
chemoprevention of colon cancer by korean food plant components.	inducible cyclooxygenase (cox-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos/nos-2) play pivotal roles as mediators of inflammation involved in early steps of carcinogenesis in certain organs. therefore, chemoprevention is theoretically possible through inhibition of cox-2 and/or inos. in the present study, we examined the chemopreventive effects of indole-3-carbinol (i3c), a constituent of cruciferous vegetables (the family of cruciferae) such as cabbages, cauliflowers and broccoli on the multipl ...	2003	12628507
effects of brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in rat colonic mucosal crypts in vivo.	glucosinolates are sulfur-containing glycosides found in the brassica vegetables. their breakdown products include isothiocyanates, which are produced following exposure to the endogenous plant enzyme myrosinase. isothiocyanates are pungent, biologically active compounds that suppress carcinogenesis in vivo, and induce apoptosis in vitro. we have shown previously that oral administration of the isolated glucosinolate sinigrin induces apoptosis, and suppresses aberrant crypt foci in the colonic m ...	2003	12663509
the use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies.	to provide information regarding the use of folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects (ntds) and other congenital anomalies, in order that physicians, midwives, nurses, and other health-care workers can assist in the education of women in the preconception phase of their health care. option: folic acid supplementation is problematic, since 50% of pregnancies are unplanned and the health status of women may not be optimal.	2003	14608448
efficacy of steinernematid nematodes against three insect pests of crucifers in quebec.	steinernematid nematodes were evaluated against the three major cruciferous insect pests: the imported cabbageworm artogeia rapae, the diamondback moth plutella xylostella, and the cabbage looper trichoplusia ni. lc(50) values of s. carpocapsae all, s. feltiae uk, s. feltiae 27, and s. riobrave 335 were 18.2, 3.6, 5.7, and 8.3 on a. rapae l(2); 24.5, 2.3, 6.0, and 15.5 on p. xylostella l(3); and 10.1, 4.7, 9.5, and 7.8 on t. ni l(2), respectively. insect mortality from the nematode species and i ...	2003	19262759
pesticide usage in some vegetable crops in great britain: real on-farm applications.	the last decade has seen an increasing requirement throughout the united kingdom (uk) for accurate, timely information on pesticide usage on fresh produce such as vegetables to satisfy government legislation and provide data as part of the registration and review process of pesticides. these data, collected by the department for environment, food and rural affair's pesticide usage survey group (pusg), provide information on current and past usage patterns and allow the impact of use on the envir ...	2003	12741528
using a correction factor to correct for overreporting in a food-frequency questionnaire does not improve biomarker-assessed validity of estimates for fruit and vegetable consumption.	to correct for overreporting of fruit and vegetable (fv) consumption in a food-frequency questionnaire, summary questions about consumption of main fv groups are often used to calculate correction factors. this study compared the ability to rank people according to their fv intake of those summary questions and the sum of questions on individual fv items within categories, and of corrected or uncorrected estimates of specific sorts of fv. healthy middle-age women (n = 161) completed a food-frequ ...	2003	12672945
effect of chemopreventive compounds from brassica vegetables on nad(p)h:quinone reductase and induction of dna strand breaks in murine hepa1c1c7 cells.	we have compared the effects of aqueous extracts of cooked brussels sprouts, isolated glucosinolates and their breakdown products on the activity of quinone reductase [nadph:quinone-reductase] (qr) and on dna strand breaks induced by hydrogen peroxide in murine hepa1c1c7 cells. qr activity was not significantly altered after incubation of the cells with brussels sprouts extracts. however, some of the glucosinolates and in particular their myrosinase-catalysed hydrolysis products and the degradat ...	2003	12615118
environmental and other risk factors for colorectal carcinogenesis.	diet plays a role in the risk of colon cancer, but exactly how it affects risk is unknown. in western countries diet is low in fibre and high in animal protein, fats and refined carbohydrates such as sugar. risk seems to be reduced by a diet high in calcium, vitamin d and vegetables such as brussels sprouts, cabbage and broccoli. familial polyposis has been studied sufficiently and increases the risk of colon cancer. moreover, in relatives there is frequently a familial history of an increased i ...	2004	15655649
pilot study: effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane supplements on urinary hormone metabolites in postmenopausal women with a history of early-stage breast cancer.	dietary indoles, present in brassica plants such as cabbage, broccoli, and brussels sprouts, have been shown to provide potential protection against hormone-dependent cancers. 3,3'-diindolylmethane (dim) is under study as one of the main protective indole metabolites. postmenopausal women aged 50-70 yr from marin county, california, with a history of early-stage breast cancer, were screened for interest and eligibility in this pilot study on the effect of absorbable dim (bioresponse-dim) supplem ...	2004	15623462
determination of triazamate in apples, peas and brussels sprouts using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.	a rapid method was developed to allow the analysis of triazamate and the hydrolysis product triazamate acid in apples, peas and brussels sprouts. the procedure was based on acidified methanol extraction with quantification by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry detection. the detection limit, based on the lowest calibration level, was 0.005 mg kg(-1). the method was validated at 0.05 and 0.01 mg kg(-1), and was used for screening of triazamate acid in the surveillance of ...	2004	15204546
cruciferous vegetable consumption alters the metabolism of the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (phip) in humans.	consumption of red meat is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, whereas cruciferous vegetable consumption reduces cancer risk. while the mechanisms remain to be determined, cruciferous vegetables may act by altering the metabolism of carcinogens present in cooked food, such as the heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (phip). the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cruciferous vegetable consumption on the metabolism of phip in 20 non-sm ...	2004	15073045
glucoraphanin and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin contents in seeds of 59 cultivars of broccoli, raab, kohlrabi, radish, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, kale, and cabbage.	the importance of dietary sulforaphane in helping maintain good health continues to gain support within the health-care community and awareness among u.s. consumers. in addition to the traditional avenue for obtaining sulforaphane, namely, the consumption of appropriate cruciferous vegetables, other consumer products containing added glucoraphanin, the natural precursor to sulforaphane, are now appearing in the united states. crucifer seeds are a likely source for obtaining glucoraphanin, owing ...	2004	14969551
allylnitrile: generation from cruciferous vegetables and behavioral effects on mice of repeated exposure.	the objective of the present study was to examine the possible generation of allylnitrile from commonly consumed cruciferous vegetables, and to determine the long-term behavioral effects of its oral administration at levels comparable to or greater than human dietary exposures. on the basis of gaschromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses, allylnitrile generation was observed in eight out of twelve vegetables, broccoli, broccoli (young stems and leaves), brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflow ...	2004	14871587
protective effects of brussels sprouts, oligosaccharides and fermented milk towards 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq)-induced genotoxicity in the human flora associated f344 rat: role of xenobiotic metabolising enzymes and intestinal microflora.	we investigated the chemoprotective effects of four common constituents of the human diet, i.e. a fermented milk, inulin, oligofructose and brussels sprouts, towards 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq)-induced genotoxicity in male fischer 344 rats harbouring a human intestinal microflora. we found that the four dietary components significantly reduced iq-induced dna damage in hepatocytes (reduction ranged from 74% with inulin to 39% with brussels sprouts) and colonocytes (reduction rang ...	2004	15036016
effect of common brassica vegetables (brussels sprouts and red cabbage) on the development of preneoplastic lesions induced by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq) in liver and colon of fischer 344 rats.	aim of the present study was the investigation of effects of juices from commonly consumed brassica vegetables (two cultivars of brussels sprouts and two cultivars of red cabbage) on formation and development of preneoplastic lesions in colons (aberrant crypt foci, acf) and livers (glutathione-s-transferase placental form, gst-p+) in male f344 rats. the foci were induced by 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq), a widespread carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amine which is found in fried ...	2004	15036015
profiling glucosinolates, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other secondary metabolites in tissues of azima tetracantha l. (salvadoraceae).	azima tetracantha l. (needle bush; bee sting bush; salvadoraceae) is used as a food and for various herbal medicines in africa, india, and madagascar, but there is very little information on the secondary metabolites in this species. high concentrations of n-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl-glucosinolate, a common glucosinolate of brassica crops such as brussels sprouts and broccoli, were found in the roots and seeds of a. tetracantha. lower concentrations were detected in the stems and young leaves. the ...	2004	15366832
vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases.	the intake of 400-600 g/d of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced incidence of many common forms of cancer, and diets rich in plant foods are also associated with a reduced risk of heart disease and many chronic diseases of ageing. these foods contain phytochemicals that have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties which confer many health benefits. many phytochemicals are colourful, and recommending a wide array of colourful fruits and vegetables is an easy way to communicate i ...	2005	15235216
signum, a new fungicide for control of leaf diseases in outdoor vegetables.	during three years, the new fungicide signum, containing 6.7% pyraclostrobine + 26.7 % boscalid and developed by basf. has been evaluated in leek, carrots and cabbages in several outdoor field experiments under practical conditions and during one year in outdoor lettuce. in leek, phytophthora porri is one of the major leaf diseases causing lesions on differ ent places on the leaves, resulting in at least extra labour costs for trimming or even worse sometimes resulting in complete crop loss. so ...	2005	16637178
dietary antioxidants and cardiovascular disease.	oxidative damage is involved in cardiovascular diseases. intervention with alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and beta-carotene does not appear to reduce pathogenesis. the purpose of this review is to describe alternative antioxidant mechanisms that may be involved.	2005	15650563
effects of brussels sprout juice on the cell cycle and adhesion of human colorectal carcinoma cells (ht29) in vitro.	consumption of brassica vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cancer of the alimentary tract in animal models and human populations. we used raw juice extracted from brussels sprouts rich in the glucosinolate sinigrin to explore the effect of naturally occurring glucosinolate breakdown products on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma cells (ht29). juice was prepared from sprout tissue immediately before use, and the glucosinolate breakdown products were de ...	2005	15884814
involvement of c-jun n-terminal kinase in g2/m arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis induced by sulforaphane in du145 prostate cancer cells.	sulforaphane (sfn) is a major isothiocyanate compound in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts. preclinical animal models have recently shown that sfn and other isothiocyanates may be useful for prostrate cancer (pca) chemoprevention. in this study we used a du145 human pca cell culture model to investigate the role of protein kinase signaling pathway(s) in sfn-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and whether another chemopreventive agent selenium enhances ...	2005	16201852
methods for the detection of antioxidants which prevent age related diseases: a critical review with particular emphasis on human intervention studies.	it is well documented that reactive oxygen species (ros) are involved in the aetiology of age related diseases. over the last decades, strong efforts have been made to identify antioxidants in human foods and numerous promising compounds have been detected which are used for the production of supplements and functional foods. the present paper describes the advantages and limitations of methods which are currently used for the identification of antioxidants. numerous in vitro methods are availab ...	2005	16077190
molecular targets and anticancer potential of indole-3-carbinol and its derivatives.	indole-3-carbinol (i3c) is produced by members of the family cruciferae, and particularly members of the genus brassica (e.g., cabbage, radishes, cauliflower, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and daikon). under acidic conditions, 13c is converted to a series of oligomeric products (among which 3,3'-diindolylmethane is a major component) thought to be responsible for its biological effects in vivo. in vitro, 13c has been shown to suppress the proliferation of various tumor cells including breast cance ...	2005	16082211
effect of mixed and single crops on disease suppressiveness of soils.	abstract the effect of mixed cropping on disease suppressiveness of soils was tested for two cropping systems, brussels sprouts-barley and triticale-white clover. disease suppressiveness of field soils was evaluated in bioassays for the soilborne pathogens rhizoctonia solani, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini, and gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. for both cropping systems, mixed cropping did not enhance disease suppressiveness of the soils. in some cases, soil cropped to barley alone was signi ...	2005	18943364
brussels sprouts, inulin and fermented milk alter the faecal microbiota of human microbiota-associated rats as shown by pcr-temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis using universal, lactobacillus and bifidobacterium 16s rrna gene primers.	we investigated the effect of brussels sprouts, inulin and a fermented milk on the faecal microbiota diversity of human microbiota-associated (hma) rats by pcr-temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-ttge) using universal and group-specific 16s rrna gene primers. the hma rats were submitted to a control diet for 10 d (initial time), then switched to the experimental diets for 4 weeks (final time). using universal primers, the mean degree of similarity between all faecal samples at ...	2005	15975167
[increased consumption of fruits and vegetables reduces the risk of ischemic heart disease].	in denmark it is recommended to eat 600 g of fruit and vegetables daily. this recommendation has to a large extent been derived from the demonstrated inverse association with the risk of certain major cancer diseases, while the focus with respect to prevention of ischemic heart disease (ihd) has been directed primarily towards a reduced intake of ''hard'' fats. this systematic review includes prospective studies which have examined the association between the intake of fruit and vegetables, as w ...	2005	16014256
quantitative determination of intact glucosinolates in broccoli, broccoli sprouts, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry.	many methods have been proposed to analyze glucosinolates, a class of phytochemicals whose breakdown products are thought to be responsible for an improvement in health; however, few are quantitative and many are time consuming. a selective and sensitive quantitative method for direct determination of intact glucosinolates was developed using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with selected reaction monitoring detection. detection limits for glucoib ...	2005	15963940
occurrence of chlorophyll precursors in leaves of cabbage heads--the case of natural etiolation.	in the interior of cabbage (brassica oleracea) heads (kale, white cabbage, brussels sprouts), natural leaf etiolation takes place due to a limited light access and chlorophyll biosynthesis is inhibited in a consequence. instead, apart from carotenoids, whose biosynthesis is not light-dependent, chlorophyll precursors accumulate, mainly protochlorophyllide and to a smaller extent also chlorophyllides a and b. protochlorophyllide was also detected in green, light-exposed leaves of heads of all the ...	2005	15936210
purification of sulforaphane from brassica oleracea seed meal using low-pressure column chromatography.	sulforaphane is an isothiocyanate that is present naturally in widely consumed brassica oleracea vegetables and has been shown to block the formation of tumors. the contents of sulforaphane in five groups of b. oleracea seeds (broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and kale) were determined by rp-hplc using linear gradient of acetonitrile in water. a new low-cost method to isolate and purify natural sulforaphane from b. oleracea seed meal was described in this work. crude sulforaphane ...	2005	16239130
herbivore-induced plant volatiles mediate in-flight host discrimination by parasitoids.	herbivore feeding induces plants to emit volatiles that are detectable and reliable cues for foraging parasitoids, which allows them to perform oriented host searching. we investigated whether these plant volatiles play a role in avoiding parasitoid competition by discriminating parasitized from unparasitized hosts in flight. in a wind tunnel set-up, we used mechanically damaged plants treated with regurgitant containing elicitors to simulate and standardize herbivore feeding. the solitary paras ...	2005	16132211
i don't like it because it eats sprouts: conditioning preferences in children.	although little is known about how preferences develop in childhood, work in adults suggests that evaluative responses to stimuli can be acquired through classical conditioning. in two experiments children were exposed to novel cartoon characters, that were either consistently paired with a picture of a disliked food (brussels sprouts) or a liked food (ice cream). relative preferences for these stimuli (and others) were measured before and after these paired presentations (experiment 1): prefere ...	2006	15885655
bitter taste markers explain variability in vegetable sweetness, bitterness, and intake.	intake of vegetables falls short of recommendations to lower risk of chronic diseases. most research addresses bitterness as a sensory deterrent to consuming vegetables. we examined bitter and sweet sensations from vegetables as mediators of vegetable preference and intake as well as how these tastes vary with markers of genetic variation in taste (3.2 mm 6-n-propylthiouracil bitterness) and taste pathology (1.0 mm quinine bitterness, chorda tympani nerve relative to whole mouth). seventy-one fe ...	2006	16368118
activation and potentiation of interferon-gamma signaling by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in mcf-7 breast cancer cells.	3,3'-diindolylmethane (dim), a natural autolytic product in plants of the brassica genus, including broccoli, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts, exhibits promising cancer protective activities, especially against mammary neoplasia in animal models. we observed previously that dim induced a g(1) cell-cycle arrest and strong induction of cell-cycle inhibitor p21 expression and promoter activity in both estrogen-responsive and -independent breast cancer cell lines. we showed recently that dim up-re ...	2006	16267208
3,3'-diindolylmethane is a novel topoisomerase iialpha catalytic inhibitor that induces s-phase retardation and mitotic delay in human hepatoma hepg2 cells.	epidemiological evidence suggests that high consumption of brassica genus vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and brussels sprouts, is very effective in reducing the risks of several types of cancers. 3,3'-diindolylmethane (dim), one of the most abundant and biologically active dietary compounds derived from brassica genus vegetables, displays remarkable antitumor activity against several experimental tumors. in the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that dim is a novel catalyti ...	2006	16385077
daily polyphenol intake in france from fruit and vegetables.	the objective of this study was to create a french database on the polyphenol content of fruit and vegetables as uncooked fruits and vegetables and then to evaluate polyphenol intake through fruit and vegetable consumption in france. to achieve this, we used the folin-ciocalteu method adapted to fruit and vegetable polyphenol quantitation (1). vegetables with the highest polyphenol concentration were artichokes, parsley, and brussels sprouts [>250 mg of gallic acid equivalent (gae)/100 g fresh e ...	2006	16920856
indole-3-carbinol mediated cell cycle arrest of lncap human prostate cancer cells requires the induced production of activated p53 tumor suppressor protein.	indole-3-carbinol (i3c), a dietary compound found naturally in cruciferous vegetables of the brassica genus such as broccoli and brussels sprouts, induces a g1 growth arrest of human reproductive cancer cells. we previously reported that in lncap prostate cancer cells, i3c down-regulated cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 2 activity. in our current study, western blotting and quantitative rt-pcr demonstrated that i3c treatment increased both the transcripts and protein levels of the cdk2 inhibitor p2 ...	2006	16970927
3,3'-diindolylmethane is a novel mitochondrial h(+)-atp synthase inhibitor that can induce p21(cip1/waf1) expression by induction of oxidative stress in human breast cancer cells.	epidemiologic evidence suggests that high dietary intake of brassica vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and brussels sprouts, protects against tumorigenesis in multiple organs. 3,3'-diindolylmethane, one of the active products derived from brassica vegetables, is a promising antitumor agent. previous studies in our laboratory showed that 3,3'-diindolylmethane induced a g(1) cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer mcf-7 cells by a mechanism that included increased expression of p21. in the p ...	2006	16651444
[optimization of srap & issr technology and its application in the identification of seeds of brassica oleracea l].	in this study, the molecular marker technology of srap and issr were applied in rapid identification of seeds from eight species of brassica oleracea l. firstly, using the genomic dna of cabbage as template, srap and issr reaction systems were optimized through testing every factor, respectively, that affects pcr amplification. then, using the optimized reaction systems, 30 srap primer pairs and 15 issr primers were applied to amplify genomic dna of cabbage, savoy, purple cabbage, borecole, caul ...	2006	16894905
induction of apoptosis in ht-29 cells by extracts from isothiocyanates-rich varieties of brassica oleracea.	among the vegetables with anti-carcinogenic properties, members of the genus brassica are the most effective at reducing the risk of cancer. this property may be explained by their principle bioactive compounds, isothiocyanates (itcs). the aim of this study was to measure the amounts of itcs in extracts from vegetables of the brasssica genus and assay them for potency of induction of apoptosis in a colorectal cancer cell line (ht-29). itcs were determined by the cyclocondensation assay with 1,2- ...	2007	17571973
[chemoprevention of tobacco-related lung cancer by cruciferous vegetable].	lung cancer is the most common malignant disease in the world and the major cause of death from cancers. around 80-90% of all human lung cancers are related to cigarette smoke. tobacco smoke contains at least 60 carcinogens capable of causing tumors, 4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) are among the most prominent pulmonary carcinogens. prevention is the most effective way to reduce lung cancer mortality. chemoprevention is a cance ...	2007	18409338
pre-conceptional vitamin/folic acid supplementation 2007: the use of folic acid in combination with a multivitamin supplement for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies.	to provide information regarding the use of folic acid in combination with a multivitamin supplement for the prevention of neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies, so that physicians, midwives, nurses, and other health care workers can assist in the education of women in the pre-conception phase of their health care. option: supplementation with folic acid and vitamins is problematic, since 50% of pregnancies are unplanned, and women's health status may not be optimal when they concei ...	2007	18053387
food preferences and meal satisfaction of meals on wheels recipients.	to investigate edmonton meals on wheels (mow) recipients' food preferences and meal satisfaction.	2007	18073004
preclinical and clinical evaluation of sulforaphane for chemoprevention in the breast.	consumers of higher levels of brassica vegetables, particularly those of the genus brassica (broccoli, brussels sprouts and cabbage), reduce their susceptibility to cancer at a variety of organ sites. brassica vegetables contain high concentrations of glucosinolates that can be hydrolyzed by the plant enzyme, myrosinase, or intestinal microflora to isothiocyanates, potent inducers of cytoprotective enzymes and inhibitors of carcinogenesis. oral administration of either the isothiocyanate, sulfor ...	2007	17347138
aqueous extract from spanish black radish (raphanus sativus l. var. niger) induces detoxification enzymes in the hepg2 human hepatoma cell line.	spanish black radish (raphanus sativus l. var. niger) is a member of the cruciferae family that also contains broccoli and brussels sprouts, well-known to contain health-promoting constituents. spanish black radishes (sbr) contain high concentrations of a glucosinolate unique to the radish family, glucoraphasatin, which represents >65% of the total glucosinolates present in sbr. the metabolites of glucosinolates, such as isothiocyanates, are implicated in health promotion, although it is unclear ...	2007	17616135
effect of storage, processing and cooking on glucosinolate content of brassica vegetables.	epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of brassica vegetables decrease the risk of cancer. these associations are linked to dietary intake of glucosinolates and their metabolism to cancer preventive isothiocyanates. bioavailability of glucosinolates and related isothiocyanates are influenced by storage and culinary processing of brassica vegetables. in this work, the content of the 7 major glucosinolates in broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower and green cabbage and their stabilit ...	2007	17011103
efficient synthesis of brussalexin a, a remarkable phytoalexin from brussels sprouts.	the synthesis of brussalexin a, the first phytoalexin containing an allyl thiolcarbamate group, and its selective inhibitory activity against fungal plant pathogens is described.	2007	17406713
host plant susceptibility to the swede midge (diptera: cecidomyiidae).	the relative resistance and susceptibility of various cruciferous plants to swede midge, contarinia nasturtii (kieffer) (diptera: cecidomyiidae), damage was investigated to provide growers with planting recommendations and to identify potential sources of resistance to the swede midge. broccoli cultivars experienced more severe damage than cabbage, cauliflower, and brussels sprouts. the broccoli 'paragon', 'eureka', and 'packman' are highly susceptible to the swede midge, whereas 'triathlon' and ...	2007	17849887
choice and no-choice assays for testing the resistance of a. thaliana to chewing insects.	larvae of the small white cabbage butterfly are a pest in agricultural settings. this caterpillar species feeds from plants in the cabbage family, which include many crops such as cabbage, broccoli, brussel sprouts etc. rearing of the insects takes place on cabbage plants in the greenhouse. at least two cages are needed for the rearing of pieris rapae. one for the larvae and the other to contain the adults, the butterflies. in order to investigate the role of plant hormones and toxic plant chemi ...	2008	19066591
the dietary phytochemical indole-3-carbinol is a natural elastase enzymatic inhibitor that disrupts cyclin e protein processing.	indole-3-carbinol (i3c), a naturally occurring component of brassica vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and brussels sprouts, induces a g(1) cell-cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells, although the direct cellular targets that mediate this process are unknown. treatment of highly invasive mda-mb-231 breast cancer cells with i3c shifted the stable accumulation of cyclin e protein from the hyperactive lower-molecular-mass 35-kda form that is associated with cancer cell proliferation and po ...	2008	19064917
steam cooking significantly improves in vitro bile acid binding of collard greens, kale, mustard greens, broccoli, green bell pepper, and cabbage.	bile acid binding capacity has been related to the cholesterol-lowering potential of foods and food fractions. lowered recirculation of bile acids results in utilization of cholesterol to synthesize bile acid and reduced fat absorption. secondary bile acids have been associated with increased risk of cancer. bile acid binding potential has been related to lowering the risk of heart disease and that of cancer. previously, we have reported bile acid binding by several uncooked vegetables. however, ...	2008	19083431
significance of terpenoids in induced indirect plant defence against herbivorous arthropods.	many plants respond to herbivory by arthropods with an induced emission of volatiles such as green leaf volatiles and terpenoids. these herbivore-induced plant volatiles (hipvs) can attract carnivores, for example, predators and parasitoids. we investigated the significance of terpenoids in attracting herbivores and carnivores in two tritrophic systems where we manipulated the terpenoid emission by treating the plants with fosmidomycin, which inhibits one of the terpenoid biosynthetic pathways a ...	2008	18208515
consumption of brussels sprouts protects peripheral human lymphocytes against 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (phip) and oxidative dna-damage: results of a controlled human intervention trial.	to find out if the cancer protective effects of brussels sprouts seen in epidemiological studies are due to protection against dna-damage, an intervention trial was conducted in which the impact of vegetable consumption on dna-stability was monitored in lymphocytes with the comet assay. after consumption of the sprouts (300 g/p/d, n = 8), a reduction of dna-migration (97%) induced by the heterocyclic aromatic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (phip) was observed whereas no ...	2008	18293303
multi-targeted prevention of cancer by sulforaphane.	isothiocyanates are found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and cabbage. epidemiologic studies suggest that cruciferous vegetable intake may lower overall cancer risk, including colon and prostate cancer. sulforaphane (sfn) is an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables and is especially high in broccoli and broccoli sprouts. sfn has proved to be an effective chemoprotective agent in cell culture, carcinogen-induced and genetic animal cancer models, ...	2008	18504070
n-alkoxy derivatization of indole-3-carbinol increases the efficacy of the g1 cell cycle arrest and of i3c-specific regulation of cell cycle gene transcription and activity in human breast cancer cells.	indole-3-carbinol (i3c), a naturally occurring component of brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, and brussels sprouts, induces a g1 cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cells. structure-activity relationships of i3c that mediate this anti-proliferative response were investigated using synthetic and natural i3c derivatives that contain substitutions at the indole nitrogen. nitrogen substitutions included n-alkoxy substituents of one to four carbons in length, which inhibit dehydrat ...	2008	18023427
putative mechanisms of action for indole-3-carbinol in the prevention of colorectal cancer.	multiple factors are known to contribute to the development of cancer and numerous agents have been shown to confer some protection. diets high in vegetables, especially cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage etc.) provide such protection.	2008	18479219
proteome alterations induced in human white blood cells by consumption of brussels sprouts: results of a pilot intervention study.	epidemiological studies indicate a correlation of cruciferous vegetables consumption with reduced incidence of cancer. this study was designed to investigate molecular mechanisms, which may help to understand the beneficial effects of brussels sprout consumption. in order to avoid the limitations of in vitro model systems, we performed a dietary intervention study with five participants. we investigated, whether sprout consumption affects the proteome profile of primary white blood cells. in ord ...	2008	21136784
galactolipids as potential health promoting compounds in vegetable foods.	galactolipids are a class of compounds widely found in the plant kingdom, including edible plants, and are an important part of the cell membranes. galactolipids in plants consists mainly of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols and digalactosyldiacylglycerols containing one or two saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids linked to the glycerol moiety. several galactolipids have been shown to possess in vitro and/or in vivo anti-tumor promoting activity and anti-inflammatory activity. recently, it has b ...	2009	20653526