Publications

nudc is required for interkinetic nuclear migration and neuronal migration during neocortical development.	nudc is a highly conserved protein necessary for cytoplasmic dynein-mediated nuclear migration in aspergillus nidulans. nudc interacts genetically with aspergillus nudf and physically with its mammalian orthologue lis1, which is crucial for nuclear and neuronal migration during brain development. to test for related roles for nudc, we performed in utero electroporation into embryonic rat brain of cdnas encoding shrnas as well as wild-type and mutant forms of nudc. we show here that nudc, like li ...	2011	21771589
phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c mediates carbon sensing and vegetative nuclear duplication rates in aspergillus nidulans.	in this work, we disrupted one of three putative phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c genes of aspergillus nidulans and studied its effect on carbon source sensing linked to vegetative mitotic nuclear division. we showed that glucose does not affect nuclear division rates during early vegetative conidial germination (6-7 h) in either the wild type or the plca-deficient mutant. only after 8 h of cultivation on glucose did the mutant strain present some decrease in nuclear duplication. however, de ...	2011	21770720
[performance of locked nucleic acid probe real-time polymerase chain reaction in the detection of aspergillus fumigatus].	to evaluate the performance of locked nucleic acid (lna) probe real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in the detection of aspergillus fumigatus (a. fumigatus).	2011	21756800
heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of novel pyranose 2-oxidases from the ascomycetes aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus oryzae.	a gene encoding a pyranose 2-oxidase (pox; pyranose/oxygen 2-oxidoreductase; glucose 2-oxidase; ec 1.1.3.10) was identified in the genome of the ascomycete aspergillus nidulans. attempts to isolate pox directly from a. nidulans cultures or to homologously overexpress the native pox (under control of the constitutive gpda promoter) in a. nidulans were unsuccessful. cdna encoding pox was synthesized from mrna and expressed in escherichia coli, and the enzyme was subsequently purified and character ...	2011	21968652
experimental evolution of defense against a competitive mold confers reduced sensitivity to fungal toxins but no increased resistance in drosophila larvae.	abstract: background: fungal secondary metabolites have been suggested to function as chemical defenses against insect antagonists, i.e. predators and competitors. because insects and fungi often compete for dead organic material, insects may achieve protection against fungi by reducing sensitivity to fungal chemicals. this, in turn, may lead to increased resistance allowing insects better to suppress the spread of antagonistic but non-pathogenic microbes in their habitat. however, it remains co ...	2011	21756302
ehd2 mediates trafficking from the plasma membrane by modulating rac1 activity.	ehds, eh domain containing proteins, participate in different stages of endocytosis. ehd2 is a plasma membrane associated, ehd which regulates trafficking from the plasma membrane [1]and recycling [2]. ehd2 has a role in nucleotide dependent membrane remodeling and its atp binding domain is involved in dimerization, which creates a membrane binding region. nucleotide binding is important for association of ehd2 with the plasma membrane, since a nucleotide free mutant (ehd2 t72a) failed to do so ...	2011	21756249
conidial dihydroxynaphthalene melanin of the human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus interferes with the host endocytosis pathway.	aspergillus fumigatus is the most important air-borne fungal pathogen of humans. the interaction of the pathogen with the host's immune system represents a key process to understand pathogenicity. for elimination of invading microorganisms, they need to be efficiently phagocytosed and located in acidified phagolysosomes. however, as shown previously, a. fumigatus is able to manipulate the formation of functional phagolysosomes. here, we demonstrate that in contrast to pigmentless pksp mutant con ...	2011	21747802
proteomics of eukaryotic microorganisms: the medically and biotechnologically important fungal genus aspergillus.	fungal species of the genus aspergillus play significant roles as model organisms in basic research, as "cell factories" for the production of organic acids, pharmaceuticals or industrially important enzymes and as pathogens causing superficial and invasive infections in animals and humans. the release of the genome sequences of several aspergillus sp. has paved the way for global analyses of protein expression in aspergilli including the characterisation of proteins, which have not designated a ...	2011	21726053
The d-galacturonic acid catabolic pathway in Botrytis cinerea.	d-galacturonic acid is the most abundant component of pectin, one of the major polysaccharide constituents of plant cell walls. Galacturonic acid potentially is an important carbon source for microorganisms living on (decaying) plant material. A catabolic pathway was proposed in filamentous fungi, comprising three enzymatic steps, involving d-galacturonate reductase, l-galactonate dehydratase, and 2-keto-3-deoxy-l-galactonate aldolase. We describe the functional, biochemical and genetic characte ...	2011	21683149
structure and activity of aspergillus nidulans copper amine oxidase.	aspergillus nidulans amine oxidase (anao) has the unusual ability among the family of copper and trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone-containing amine oxidases of being able to oxidize the amine side chains of lysine residues in large peptides and proteins. we show here that in common with the related enzyme from the yeast pichia pastoris, anao can promote the cross-linking of tropoelastin and oxidize the lysine residues in α-casein proteins and tropoelastin. the crystal structure of anao, the first ...	2011	21604787
coordination of secondary metabolism and development in fungi: the velvet family of regulatory proteins.	filamentous fungi produce a number of small bioactive molecules as part of their secondary metabolism ranging from benign antibiotics such as penicillin to threatening mycotoxins such as aflatoxin. secondary metabolism can be linked to fungal developmental programs in response to various abiotic or biotic external triggers. the velvet family of regulatory proteins plays a key role in coordinating secondary metabolism and differentiation processes such as asexual or sexual sporulation and sclerot ...	2011	21658084
kinetics of cyclobutane thymine dimer splitting by dna photolyase directly monitored in the uv.	cpd photolyase uses light to repair cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (cpds) formed between adjacent pyrimidines in uv-irradiated dna. the enzyme harbors an fad cofactor in fully reduced state (fadh(-)). the cpd repair mechanism involves electron transfer from photoexcited fadh(-) to the cpd, splitting of its intradimer bonds, and electron return to restore catalytically active fadh(-). the two electron transfer processes occur on time scales of 10(-10) and 10(-9) s, respectively. until now, cpd spl ...	2011	21606324
8-carbon oxylipins inhibit germination and growth, and stimulate aerial conidiation in aspergillus nidulans.	germination of aspergillus nidulans conidia in liquid cultures was progressively inhibited at inoculum loads above 1×10(5)conidiaml(-1). high conidial densities also inhibited growth of neighbouring mycelia. the eight-carbon oxylipin 1-octen-3-ol was identified as the main inhibitor in a fraction also containing 3-octanone and 3-octanol. these three oxylipins also increased the conidiation rate of dark-grown surface cultures, but had no effect on liquid cultures. 3-octanone was the most conidiog ...	2011	21530921
autophagy induced by rapamycin and carbon-starvation have distinct proteome profiles in aspergillus nidulans.	it is hypothesized that autophagy, a global catabolic pathway which is highly conserved from yeast to man, plays an important role in many bioprocesses. though autophagy is known to be induced by either nutrient starvation or treatment with the drug rapamycin, it is not clear whether the two modes of induction have the same long term impact in the cell, particularly in the biotechnologically important filamentous fungi. here, we compare the overall proteomes from the carbon-starved (g-) and rapa ...	2011	21618477
regulation of conidiation by light in aspergillus nidulans.	light regulates several aspects of the biology of many organisms, including the balance between asexual and sexual development in some fungi. to understand how light regulates fungal development at the molecular level we have used aspergillus nidulans as a model. we have performed a genome-wide expression analysis that has allowed us to identify more than 400 genes upregulated, and more than 100 genes downregulated by light in developmentally competent mycelium. among the upregulated genes were ...	2011	21624998
on the role of microtubules, cell end markers, and septal microtubule organizing centres on site selection for polar growth in aspergillus nidulans.	tip growth of filamentous fungi depends on continuous polarized growth and requires the actin and microtubule (mt) cytoskeleton. cortical proteins at polarity sites, also known as cell end markers, play important roles in polarity maintenance. deletion of the cell end marker teaa results in zigzag hyphal morphologies, which is contrary to the normal rectilinear growth pattern. here we studied the role of teaa and mts in the establishment of polarity during tip growth of aspergillus nidulans, inc ...	2011	21640315
chronic granulomatous disease of childhood: an unusual cause of recurrent uncommon infections in a 61-year-old man.	chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is a rare congenital immunodeficiency that affects 1 : 250 000 of the population, which is characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections and by granuloma formation. we investigated a 61-year-old man presented with a 20-year history of a relapsing skin rash appearing as mildly pruritic and erythematous plaques affecting various body regions. cutaneous biopsies were taken and sent for histology and tissue culture. leucocyte function was assessed by ...	2011	21623884
biosorption of as(iii) ions from aqueous solution using dry, heat-treated and naoh-treated aspergillus nidulans.	the biosorption of as(iii) ions on dry, heat-treated and naoh-treated aspergillus nidulans in aqueous solutions was studied. the effect ofph (2-6), temperature (25, 30, 35, 45 degrees c), and initial concentration (250-700 mg l(-1)) of as(iii) ions were investigated in a batch system. the maximum biosorption rate of as(iii) ions on the tested biosorbent were obtained at ph 4 and 35 degrees c in about 240 min. the maximum biosorption capacities of dry, heat-treated and naoh-treated fungal biomass ...	2011	21473283
agrobacterium tumefasciens-mediated transformation of the aquatic fungus blastocladiella emersonii.	agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used for plant dna transformation and more recently, has also been used to transform yeast, filamentous fungi and even human cells. using this technique, we developed the first transformation protocol for the saprobic aquatic fungus blastocladiella emersonii, a blastocladiomycete localized at the base of fungal phylogenetic tree, which has been shown as a promising and interesting model of study of cellular function and differentiation. we constructed binary t ...	2011	21396477
glutathione reductase/glutathione is responsible for cytotoxic elemental sulfur tolerance via polysulfide shuttle in fungi.	fungi that can reduce elemental sulfur to sulfide are widely distributed, but the mechanism and physiological significance of the reaction have been poorly characterized. here, we purified elemental sulfur-reductase (sr) and cloned its gene from the elemental sulfur-reducing fungus fusarium oxysporum. we found that nadph-glutathione reductase (gr) reduces elemental sulfur via glutathione as an intermediate. a loss-of-function mutant of the sr/gr gene generated less sulfide from elemental sulfur ...	2011	21474441
completing the purine utilisation pathway of aspergillus nidulans.	we have previously identified by classical genetics and biochemistry, all the genes of aspergillus nidulans predicted to be involved in purine utilisation, together with cognate regulatory genes and one gene encoding a novel xanthine hydroxylation activity. in this article we complete the description of the purine utilisation pathway with the identification of the two genes (uax and uaw) encoding the enzymes catalysing the conversion of the product of urate oxidation by urate oxidase, 5-hydroxyi ...	2011	21419234
the velvet gene, fgve1, affects fungal development and positively regulates trichothecene biosynthesis and pathogenicity in fusarium graminearum.	trichothecenes are a group of toxic secondary metabolites produced mainly by fusarium graminearum (teleomorph: gibberella zeae) during the infection of crop plants, including wheat, maize, barley, oats, rye and rice. some fungal genes involved in trichothecene biosynthesis have been shown to encode regulatory proteins. however, the global regulation of toxin biosynthesis is still enigmatic. in addition to the production of secondary metabolites belonging to the trichothecene family, f. graminear ...	2011	22013911
[general epidemiology of invasive fungal disease.]	invasive mycoses associated with high morbidity and mortality rates are increasing among immunocompromised or severely ill patients. candida, cryptococcus, pneumocystis and aspergillus are most prevalent agents with varying distribution as regards geography, patient condition and hospital units. the latest multicentre candidaemia survey conducted in spain, showed c. albicans as the most frequently isolated species followed by c. parapsilosis, c. glabrata, c. tropicalis and c. krusei in contrast ...	2011	22079232
Preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of UDP-glucose-4-epimerase from Aspergillus nidulans.	UDP-glucose-4-epimerase (GALE) from Aspergillus nidulans was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified via His-tag affinity chromatography and cocrystallized with UDP-galactose using the microbatch method. The crystals diffracted to 2.4ÔÇà+à resolution using synchrotron radiation on the Canadian Light Source 08ID-1 beamline. Examination of the data with d*TREK revealed nonmerohedral twinning, from which a single lattice was ultimately extracted for processing. The final space group was found t ...	2011	21821886
The Aspergillus giganteus antifungal protein AFPNN5353 activates the cell wall integrity pathway and perturbs calcium homeostasis.	The antifungal protein AFPNN5353 is a defensin-like protein of Aspergillus giganteus. It belongs to a group of secretory proteins with low molecular mass, cationic character and a high content of cysteine residues. The protein inhibits the germination and growth of filamentous ascomycetes, including important human and plant pathogens and the model organsims Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus niger.	2011	21943024
backbone and sidechain (1)h, (13)c and (15)n chemical shift assignments of the hydrophobin dewa from aspergillus nidulans.	hydrophobins are proteins secreted by filamentous fungi that are able to self-assemble into monolayers at hydrophobic:hydrophilic interfaces. the layers are amphipathic and can reverse the wettability of surfaces. hydrophobins have several roles in fungal development, including the formation of coatings on fungal structures to render them hydrophobic. here we report the backbone and sidechain assignments for the class i hydrophobin dewa from the fungus aspergillus nidulans.	2011	21845363
two induced fungal polyketide pathways converge into antiproliferative spiroanthrones.		2011	21698737
redundant ability of phagocytes to kill aspergillus species.		2011	21689849
constitutive expression, purification and characterization of a phosphoglucomutase from fusarium oxysporum.	the phosphoglucomutase gene from a wild type fusarium oxysporum strain (f3), was homologously expressed, under the control of the constitutive promoter of gpda of aspergillus nidulans. the transformant produced elevated levels of phosphoglucomutase activity compared to the wild type, a fact that facilitated the subsequent purification procedure. the enzyme (fopgm) was purified to homogeneity applying three anion exchange and one gel filtration chromatography steps. the native enzyme revealed a m ...	2011	22112903
bacteria-induced natural product formation in the fungus aspergillus nidulans requires saga/ada-mediated histone acetylation.	sequence analyses of fungal genomes have revealed that the potential of fungi to produce secondary metabolites is greatly underestimated. in fact, most gene clusters coding for the biosynthesis of antibiotics, toxins, or pigments are silent under standard laboratory conditions. hence, it is one of the major challenges in microbiology to uncover the mechanisms required for pathway activation. recently, we discovered that intimate physical interaction of the important model fungus aspergillus nidu ...	2011	21825172
roles of the aspergillus nidulans udp-galactofuranose transporter, ugta in hyphal morphogenesis, cell wall architecture, conidiation, and drug sensitivity.	galactofuranose (galf) is the 5-member-ring form of galactose found in the walls of fungi including aspergillus, but not in mammals. udp-galactofuranose mutase (ugma, anid_3112.1) generates udp-galf from udp-galactopyranose (6-member ring form). ugma-gfp is cytoplasmic, so the udp-galf residues it produces must be transported into an endomembrane compartment prior to incorporation into cell wall components. anid_3113.1 (which we call ugta) was identified as being likely to encode the a. nidulans ...	2011	21693196
improved pectinase production in penicillium griseoroseum recombinant strains.	aims:ôçé to obtain recombinant strains of penicillium griseoroseum that produce high levels of pectin lyase (pl) and polygalacturonase (pg) simultaneously. methods and results:ôçé a strain with high production of pl was transformed with the plasmid pan52pgg2, containing the gene encoding pg of p.-ágriseoroseum, under control of the gpd promoter gene from aspergillus nidulans. southern blot analysis demonstrated that all strain had at least one copy of pan52pgg2 integrated into the genome. the re ...	2011	21726361
the polo-like kinase plka in aspergillus nidulans is not essential, but plays important roles during vegetative growth and development.	the polo-like kinases (plks) are conserved, multi-functional cell cycle regulators that are induced in many forms of cancer, and play additional roles in metazoan development. we previously identified plka in aspergillus nidulans, the only plk investigated in filamentous fungi to date, and partially characterized its function through overexpression. here, we report the plka null phenotype. surprisingly, plka was not essential, unlike plks in other organisms that contain a single homologue. a sub ...	2011	22140227
mutational analysis and modeling reveal functionally critical residues in transmembrane segments 1 and 3 of the uapa transporter.	earlier, we identified mutations in the first transmembrane segment (tms1) of uapa, a uric acid-xanthine transporter in aspergillus nidulans, that affect its turnover and subcellular localization. here, we use one of these mutations (h86d) and a novel mutation (i74d) as well as genetic suppressors of them, to show that tms1 is a key domain for proper folding, trafficking and turnover. kinetic analysis of mutants further revealed that partial misfolding and deficient trafficking of uapa does not ...	2011	21722649
the mpkb map kinase plays a role in post-karyogamy processes as well as in hyphal anastomosis during sexual development in aspergillus nidulans.	two genes encoding map kinase homologs, designated as mpkb and mpkc, were isolated from aspergillus nidulans by pcr with degenerate primers. deletion and over-expression mutants of mpkc showed no detectable phenotypes under any external stress tested. deletion of mpkb caused pleiotropic phenotypes including a failure in forming cleistothecia under any induction conditions for sexual development, increased h++lle cell production, slow hyphal growth and aberrant conidiophore morphology. over-expre ...	2011	21717328
recombinant production and characterisation of two related gh5 endo-β-1,4-mannanases from aspergillus nidulans fgsc a4 showing distinctly different transglycosylation capacity.	the glycoside hydrolase family 5 (gh5) endo-β-1,4-mannanases mana and manc from aspergillus nidulans fgsc a4 were produced in pichia pastoris x33 and purified in high yields of 120 and 145mg/l, respectively, from the culture supernatants. both enzymes showed increasing catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/k(m)) towards β-1,4 manno-oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerisation (dp) from 4 to 6 and also hydrolysed konjac glucomannan, guar gum and locust bean gum galactomannans. manc had up to two-fol ...	2011	21867780
Osmotic stabilizer-coupled suppression of NDR defects is dependent on the calcium-calcineurin signaling cascade in Aspergillus nidulans.	Establishment and maintenance of cell polarity are coordinated by signaling pathways such as NDR (nuclear Dbf2-related) protein-kinase signaling and calcium signaling pathway. The NDR family of kinase is structurally related to the human myotonic dystrophy kinase, which, when impaired, confers a disease that involves changes in cytoarchitecture and ion homeostasis. CotA kinase, a member of the NDR protein kinase family, forms a complex with MobB to regulate cell polarized growth in Aspergillus n ...	2011	21741477
Post-synthetic modification of plant cell walls by expression of microbial hydrolases in the apoplast.	The systematic creation of defined cell wall modifications in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana by expression of microbial hydrolases with known specific activities is a promising approach to examine the impacts of cell wall composition and structure on both plant fitness and cell wall recalcitrance. Moreover, this approach allows the direct evaluation in living plants of hydrolase specificity, which can differ from in vitro specificity. To express genes encoding microbial hydrolases in A. th ...	2011	21910026
the p25 subunit of the dynactin complex is required for dynein-early endosome interaction.	cytoplasmic dynein transports various cellular cargoes including early endosomes, but how dynein is linked to early endosomes is unclear. we find that the aspergillus nidulans orthologue of the p25 subunit of dynactin is critical for dynein-mediated early endosome movement but not for dynein-mediated nuclear distribution. in the absence of nudf/lis1, p25 deletion abolished the localization of dynein-dynactin to the hyphal tip where early endosomes abnormally accumulate but did not prevent dynein ...	2011	21708978
Physiological and Biochemical Characterization of AnNitA, the Aspergillus nidulans High-Affinity Nitrite Transporter.	High-affinity nitrite influx into mycelia of Aspergillus nidulans has been characterized by use of (13)NO(2)(-), giving average K(m) and V(max) values of 48 ± 8 µM and 228 ± 49 nmol mg(-1) dry weight (DW) h(-1), respectively. Kinetic analysis of a plot that included an additional large number of low-concentration fluxes gave an excellent monophasic fit (r(2) = 0.96), with no indication of sigmoidal kinetics. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models of AnNitA are presented, and the ...	2011	22021238
Transcription of Aspergillus nidulans pacC is modulated by alternative RNA splicing of palB.	Fungi have evolved elaborate signal transduction networks for remodeling metabolic pathways to scavenge nutrients, including the secretion of nutritional enzymes. This adaptive response involves the conserved PacC/Pal signal transduction pathway, which mediates the transcriptional response to ambient pH. In this study, we show that transcription of the gene for PacC is modulated in response to nutrient changes, phosphate and carbon sources, and pH. In addition, we show that transcription of pacC ...	2011	21985967
Monitoring and assessment of airborne fungi in Kolkata, India, by viable and non-viable air sampling methods.	The composition and variability of airborne fungal spores were studied using two complementary sampling methods in an outdoor environment in Kolkata suburb for 2 years, from November 2002 to October 2004. For monitoring the total fungal spore burden in the air, Burkard 7-day volumetric sampler was used, whereas Andersen two-sage viable sampler was used for isolating the cultivable airborne fungi. Among the 37 fungal spore types identified in the air samples, the predominant ones were Cladosporiu ...	2011	21915605
substrate specifity profiling of the aspergillus fumigatus proteolytic secretome reveals consensus motifs with predominance of ile/leu and phe/tyr.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus fumigatus (af) can cause devastating infections in immunocompromised individuals. early diagnosis improves patient outcomes but remains challenging because of the limitations of current methods. to augment the clinician's toolkit for rapid diagnosis of af infections, we are investigating af secreted proteases as novel diagnostic targets. the af genome encodes up to 100 secreted proteases, but fewer than 15 of these enzymes have been characterized thus far. give ...	2011	21695046
extracellular proteinase formation in carbon starving aspergillus nidulans cultures--physiological function and regulation.	extracellular proteinase formation in carbon depleted cultures of the model filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans was studied to elucidate its regulation and possible physiological function. as demonstrated by gene deletion, culture optimization, microbial physiological and enzymological experiments, the prta and pepj proteinases of a. nidulans did not appear to play a decisive role in the autolytic decomposition of fungal cells under the conditions we tested. however, carbon starvation induce ...	2011	21953444
Analysis of phytochemical constituents of Eucalyptus citriodora L. responsible for antifungal activity against post-harvest fungi.	In vitro antifungal activity and phytochemical constituents of essential oil, aqueous, methanol and chloroform extract of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook leaves were investigated. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the detection of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, tannins and phenols. Methanolic extract holds all identified biochemical constituents except for the tannin. While these biochemical constituents were found to be absent in essential oil, aqu ...	2011	21999598
Involvement of a helix-loop-helix transcription factor CHC-1 in CO(2)-mediated conidiation suppression in Neurospora crassa.	The morphological switch from vegetative growth to conidiation in filamentous fungi is highly regulated, but the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms is limited. In this study, by screening a set of knock-out mutants corresponding to 103 transcription factor encoding genes in Neurospora crassa, a mutant was found to produce abundant conidia in race tubes in which conidiation in the wild-type strain was suppressed. The corresponding gene NCU00749 encodes a protein containing a helix-loop-he ...	2011	22001287
Disruption of Trichoderma reesei cre2, encoding an ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase, results in increased cellulase activity.	ABSTRACT:	2011	22070776
molecular characterization of the aspergillus nidulans fbxa encoding an f-box protein involved in xylanase induction.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans has been used as a fungal model system to study the regulation of xylanase production. these genes are activated at transcriptional level by the master regulator the transcriptional factor xlnr and repressed by carbon catabolite repression (ccr) mediated by the wide-domain repressor crea. here, we screened a collection of 42 a. nidulans f-box deletion mutants grown either in xylose or xylan as the single carbon source in the presence of the glucose ana ...	2011	22142781
ph response pathways in fungi: adapting to host-derived and environmental signals.	microorganisms are significantly affected when the ambient ph of their environment changes. they must therefore be able to sense and respond to these changes in order to survive. previous investigators have studied various fungal species to define conserved ph-responsive signaling pathways. one of these pathways, known as the pal/rim pathway, is activated in response to alkaline ph signals, ultimately targeting the pacc/rim101 transcription factor. although the central signaling components are c ...	2011	22783112
comprehensive analysis of the dna-binding specificity of an aspergillus nidulans transcription factor, amyr, using a bead display system.	the in vitro dna binding profile of aspergillus nidulans transcription factor amyr was analyzed by a novel approach employing a genetic library of beads and flow cytometry analysis. an artificial library with 22 randomized nucleotides was constructed and subjected to a protein-dna binding reaction with male-tagged amyr. dna fragments with potential amyr-binding sites were labeled with fluorescence-conjugated antibody to be enriched by flow cytometry through 5 rounds of successive selection. fina ...	2012	22790934
conserved and essential transcription factors for cellulase gene expression in ascomycete fungi.	rational engineering of filamentous fungi for improved cellulase production is hampered by our incomplete knowledge of transcriptional regulatory networks. we therefore used the model filamentous fungus neurospora crassa to search for uncharacterized transcription factors associated with cellulose deconstruction. a screen of a n. crassa transcription factor deletion collection identified two uncharacterized zinc binuclear cluster transcription factors (clr-1 and clr-2) that were required for gro ...	2012	22532664
illuminating the diversity of aromatic polyketide synthases in aspergillus nidulans.	genome sequencing has revealed that fungi have the ability to synthesize many more natural products (nps) than are currently known, but methods for obtaining suitable expression of nps have been inadequate. we have developed a successful strategy that bypasses normal regulatory mechanisms. by efficient gene targeting, we have replaced, en masse, the promoters of nonreducing polyketide synthase (nr-pks) genes, key genes in np biosynthetic pathways, and other genes necessary for nr-pks product for ...	2012	22510154
alanine scanning mutagenesis of a high-affinity nitrate transporter highlights the requirement for glycine and asparagine residues in the two nitrate signature motifs.	common to all of the nitrate nitrite porter family are two conserved motifs in transmembrane helices 5 and 11 termed ns (nitrate signature) 1 and ns2. although perfectly conserved substrate-interacting arginine residues have been described in transmembrane helices 2 and 8, the role of nss has not been investigated. in the present study, a combination of structural modelling of nrta (nitrate transporter from aspergillus nidulans) with alanine scanning mutagenesis of residues within and around the ...	2012	22738143
genetic and biosynthetic studies of the fungal prenylated xanthone shamixanthone and related metabolites in aspergillus spp. revisited.	biosynthetic genes for the prenylated xanthone shamixanthone have been identified in the aspergillus nidulans genome; based on assignment of putative functions from sequence analyses and selected gene deletions, a pathway was proposed leading from the anthraquinone emodin via the benzophenone carboxylic acid monodictyphenone and the xanthone emericellin to shamixanthone. several aspects of this proposed pathway are inconsistent with previously identified biosynthetic intermediates: the anthraqui ...	2012	22730213
morphogenetic and developmental functions of the aspergillus nidulans homologues of the yeast bud site selection proteins bud4 and axl2.	the yeast bud site selection system represents a paradigm for understanding how fungal cells regulate the formation of a polarity axis. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, bud4 and axl2 are components of the axial bud site marker. to address the possibility that these proteins regulate cellular morphogenesis in filamentous fungi, we have characterized homologues of bud4 and axl2 in aspergillus nidulans. our results show that bud4 is involved in septum formation in both hyphae and developing conidiophor ...	2012	22651396
searching for gold beyond mitosis: mining intracellular membrane traffic in aspergillus nidulans.	the genetically tractable filamentous ascomycete fungus aspergillus nidulans has been successfully exploited to gain major insight into the eukaryotic cell cycle. more recently, its amenability to in vivo multidimensional microscopy has fueled a potentially gilded second age of a. nidulans cell biology studies. this review specifically deals with studies on intracellular membrane traffic in a. nidulans. the cellular logistics are subordinated to the needs imposed by the polarized mode of growth ...	2012	22645705
proteome analysis of the farnesol-induced stress response in aspergillus nidulans--the role of a putative dehydrin.	the isoprenoid alcohol farnesol represents a quorum-sensing molecule in pathogenic yeasts, but was also shown to inhibit the growth of many filamentous fungi. in order to gain a deeper insight into the antifungal activity of farnesol, we performed 2d-differential gel electrophoretic analysis (2d-dige) of aspergillus nidulans exposed to farnesol. we observed an increased abundance of antioxidative enzymes and proteins involved in protein folding and the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. a s ...	2012	22634043
cryptic peroxisomal targeting via alternative splicing and stop codon read-through in fungi.	peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles important for the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids. here we show that in numerous fungal species, several core enzymes of glycolysis, including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk), reside in both the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. we detected in these enzymes cryptic type 1 peroxisomal targeting signals (pts1), which are activated by post-transcriptional processes. notably, the molecular mechanisms that genera ...	2012	22622582
an efficient method for transient gene expression in monocots applied to modify the brachypodium distachyon cell wall.	agrobacterium-mediated transformation is widely used to produce insertions into plant genomes. there are a number of well-developed agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods for dicotyledonous plants, but there are few for monocotyledonous plants.	2012	22589326
fungal s-adenosylmethionine synthetase and the control of development and secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans carries a single gene for the s-adenosylmethionine (sam) synthetase sasa, whereas many other organisms possess multiple sam synthetases. the conserved enzyme catalyzes the reaction of methionine and atp to the ubiquitous methyl group donor sam. sam is the main methyl group donor for methyltransferases to modify dna, rna, protein, metabolites, or phospholipid target substrates. we show here that the single a. nidulans sam synthetase encoding gene sasa i ...	2012	22561085
correlation of mycelial growth rate with other phenotypic characters in evolved genotypes of aspergillus nidulans.	fungal populations can adapt to their environment by the generation and fixation of spontaneous beneficial mutations. in this study we examined whether adaptation, measured as an increased mycelial growth rate, has correlated responses in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans with several other metric characters that could be important fitness components (colony forming units, germination speed, and biomass formation). studying 60 populations that had evolved over 800 generations by experi ...	2012	22559923
the echinocandin b producer fungus aspergillus nidulans var. roseus atcc 58397 does not possess innate resistance against its lipopeptide antimycotic.	aspergillus nidulans var. roseus atcc 58397 is an echinocandin b (ecb) producer ascomycete with great industrial importance. as demonstrated by ecb/caspofungin sensitivity assays, a. nidulans var. roseus does not possess any inherent resistance to echinocandins, and its tolerance to these lipopeptide antimycotics are even lower than those of the non-producer a. nidulans fgsc a4 strain. under ecb producing conditions or ecb exposures, a. nidulans var. roseus induced its ecb tolerance via up-regul ...	2012	22555909
mrna 3' tagging is induced by nonsense-mediated decay and promotes ribosome dissociation.	for a range of eukaryote transcripts, the initiation of degradation is coincident with the addition of a short pyrimidine tag at the 3' end. previously, cytoplasmic mrna tagging has been observed for human and fungal transcripts. we now report that arabidopsis thaliana mrna is subject to 3' tagging with u and c nucleotides, as in aspergillus nidulans. mutations that disrupt tagging, including a. nidulans cuta and a newly characterized gene, cutb, retard transcript degradation. importantly, nonse ...	2012	22547684
involvement of a natural fusion of a cytochrome p450 and a hydrolase in mycophenolic acid biosynthesis.	mycophenolic acid (mpa) is a fungal secondary metabolite and the active component in several immunosuppressive pharmaceuticals. the gene cluster coding for the mpa biosynthetic pathway has recently been discovered in penicillium brevicompactum, demonstrating that the first step is catalyzed by mpac, a polyketide synthase producing 5-methylorsellinic acid (5-moa). however, the biochemical role of the enzymes encoded by the remaining genes in the mpa gene cluster is still unknown. based on bioinfo ...	2012	22544261
γ-heptalactone is an endogenously produced quorum-sensing molecule regulating growth and secondary metabolite production by aspergillus nidulans.	microbes monitor their population density through a mechanism termed quorum sensing. it is believed that quorum-sensing molecules diffuse from the microbial cells and circulate in the surrounding environment as a function of cell density. when these molecules reach a threshold concentration, the gene expression of the entire population is altered in a coordinated manner. this work provides evidence that aspergillus nidulans produces at least one small diffusible molecule during its growth cycle ...	2012	22543352
α-glucosylated 6-gingerol: chemoenzymatic synthesis using α-glucosidase from halomonas sp. h11, and its physical properties.	6-gingerol [(s)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)decan-3-one] is a biologically active compound and is abundant in the rhizomes of ginger (zingiber officinale). it has some beneficial functions in healthcare, but its use is limited because of its insolubility in water and its heat-instability. to improve these physical properties, the glucosylation of 6-gingerol was investigated using α-glucosidases (ec. 3.2.1.20) from aspergillus niger, aspergillus nidulans abpu1, acremonium strictum, hal ...	2012	22537860
deletion of the ustilago maydis ortholog of the aspergillus sporulation regulator meda affects mating and virulence through pheromone response.	mating of compatible haploid cells of ustilago maydis is essential for infection and disease development in the host. for mating and subsequent filamentous growth and pathogenicity, the transcription factor, prf1 is necessary. prf1 is in turn regulated by the camp and mapk pathways and other regulators like rop1 and hap1. here we describe the identification of another putative prf1 regulator, med1, the ortholog of the aspergillus nidulans medusa (meda) transcription factor and show that it is re ...	2012	22537792
reprogramming of carbon metabolism by the transcriptional activators acuk and acum in aspergillus nidulans.	the ability of fungi to use carbon sources metabolized via the tca cycle requires gluconeogenesis. in aspergillus nidulans the acuk and acum transcription factors regulate the expression of the gluconeogenic genes acuf, encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and acug, encoding fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. expressed proteins containing the acuk/acum n-terminal dna-binding domains bind together in vitro to motifs containing repeats of cgg separated by seven bases (ccgn7ccg) and the functional ...	2012	22500966
identification and characterization of a novel diterpene gene cluster in aspergillus nidulans.	fungal secondary metabolites are a rich source of medically useful compounds due to their pharmaceutical and toxic properties. sequencing of fungal genomes has revealed numerous secondary metabolite gene clusters, yet products of many of these biosynthetic pathways are unknown since the expression of the clustered genes usually remains silent in normal laboratory conditions. therefore, to discover new metabolites, it is important to find ways to induce the expression of genes in these otherwise ...	2012	22506079
differential expression of silent polyketide biosynthesis gene clusters in chemostat cultures of aspergillus nidulans.	the genome of the fungal model organism aspergillus nidulans harbors nearly 30 polyketide synthase genes, yet the majority of these genes remain silent in the absence of particular stimuli. in this study, environmental conditions such as low specific microbial growth rate as well as nitrate, orthophosphate and glucose limitations were simulated under a continuous cultivation regime to induce the expression of silent polyketide synthase genes. in addition to offline and online bioprocess paramete ...	2012	22306112
reengineering an azaphilone biosynthesis pathway in aspergillus nidulans to create lipoxygenase inhibitors.	sclerotiorin, an azaphilone polyketide, is a bioactive natural product known to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase and many other biological targets. to readily access sclerotiorin and analogs, we developed a 2-3 step semisynthetic route to produce a variety of azaphilones starting from an advanced, putative azaphilone intermediate (5) overproduced by an engineered strain of aspergillus nidulans. the inhibitory activities of the semisynthetic azaphilones against 15-lipoxygenase were evaluated with several ...	2012	22296232
an aspergillus nidulans bzip response pathway hardwired for defensive secondary metabolism operates through aflr.	the eukaryotic bzip transcription factors are critical players in organismal response to environmental challenges. in fungi, the production of secondary metabolites (sms) is hypothesized as one of the responses to environmental insults, e.g. attack by fungivorous insects, yet little data to support this hypothesis exists. here we establish a mechanism of bzip regulation of sms through rsma, a recently discovered yap-like bzip protein. rsma greatly increases sm production by binding to two sites ...	2012	22283524
functional and phylogenetic analysis of the aspergillus ochraceoroseus aflq (orda) gene ortholog.	within the aspergillus parasiticus and a. flavus aflatoxin (af) biosynthetic gene cluster the aflq (orda) and aflp (omta) genes encode respectively an oxidoreductase and methyltransferase. these genes are required for the final steps in the conversion of sterigmatocystin (st) to aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)). aspergillus nidulans harbors a gene cluster that produces st, as the aflq and aflp orthologs are either non-functional or absent in the genome. aspergillus ochraceoroseus produces both af and st, ...	2012	22495451
product patterns of a feruloyl esterase from aspergillus nidulans on large feruloyl-arabino-xylo-oligosaccharides from wheat bran.	a purified feruloyl esterase (ec 3.1.1.73) from aspergillus nidulans produced in pichia pastoris was used to study the de-esterification of large feruloyl oligosaccharides consisting of 4 to 20 pentose residues and (xylose plus arabinose) and one ferulic acid residue. the feruloyl oligosaccharides were prepared from total oligosaccharidic hydrolysates from wheat bran treated with a purified endoxylanase from thermobacillus xylanilyticus. the feruloyl esterase showed similar specific activity but ...	2012	22770893
mutations in the basic loop of the zn binuclear cluster of the uay transcriptional activator suppress mutations in the dimerisation domain.	uay is the specific znii(2)cys(6) transcriptional activator of the purine utilisation pathway in aspergillus nidulans. previous work has determined the consensus binding sequence by emsa and foot-printing. we determine here that it binds as a dimer to its cognate cgg-n(6)-ccg sites. we identify the uay109 mutation, which has been shown to affect differentially the expression of a number of uay-regulated genes, as a f112i substitution in the dna-binding motif dimerisation domain. we isolated back ...	2012	22760060
the gata factors area and areb together with the co-repressor nmra, negatively regulate arginine catabolism in aspergillus nidulans in response to nitrogen and carbon source.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans can utilize arginine both as a nitrogen and carbon source. analysis of area and areb single and double mutants has shown that the two gata transcription factors area and areb negatively regulate the expression of arginine catabolism genes agaa and otaa under nitrogen repressing conditions. area is necessary for the ammonium repression of agaa and otaa under carbon repressing conditions, while areb is involved under carbon-limiting conditions. the abili ...	2012	22300944
putative cell wall integrity sensor proteins in aspergillus nidulans.	the cell wall integrity (cwi) signal transduction pathway, which has been well-studied in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, plays an important role in the regulation of cell wall biogenesis. recently, we characterized the cwi stress sensor orthologs wsca and wscb in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. disruption of the wsca and wscb genes causes a change in the transcriptional levels of agsa and agsb, which encode α-1,3-glucan synthase, resulting in an increase in alkaline soluble cel ...	2012	22808335
hydrolase controls cellular nad, sirtuin, and secondary metabolites.	cellular levels of nad(+) and nadh are thought to be controlled by de novo and salvage mechanisms, although evidence has not yet indicated that they are regulated by nad(+) degradation. here we show that the conserved nudix hydrolase isozyme ndxa hydrolyzes and decreases cellular nad(+) and nadh in aspergillus nidulans. the ndxa-deficient fungus accumulated more nad(+) during the stationary growth phase, indicating that ndxa maintains cellular nad(+)/nadh homeostasis. the deficient strain also g ...	2012	22801369
flbd, a myb transcription factor of aspergillus nidulans, is uniquely involved in both asexual and sexual differentiation.	in the fungus aspergillus nidulans, inactivation of the flba to -e, flug, fluf, and tmpa genes results in similar phenotypes, characterized by a delay in conidiophore and asexual spore production. flbb to -d encode transcription factors needed for proper expression of the brla gene, which is essential for asexual development. however, recent evidence indicates that flbb and flbe also have nontranscriptional functions. here we show that fluf1 is an allele of flbd which results in an r47p substitu ...	2012	22798393
ambient ph controls glycogen levels by regulating glycogen synthase gene expression in neurospora crassa. new insights into the ph signaling pathway.	glycogen is a polysaccharide widely distributed in microorganisms and animal cells and its metabolism is under intricate regulation. its accumulation in a specific situation results from the balance between glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase activities that control synthesis and degradation, respectively. these enzymes are highly regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels. the existence of a dna motif for the aspergillus nidulans ph responsive transcription factor pacc ...	2012	22952943
γ-tubulin plays a key role in inactivating apc/c(cdh1) at the g(1)-s boundary.	a γ-tubulin mutation in aspergillus nidulans, mipa-d159, causes failure of inactivation of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (apc/c) in interphase, resulting in failure of cyclin b (cb) accumulation and removal of nuclei from the cell cycle. we have investigated the role of cdha, the a. nidulans homologue of the apc/c activator protein cdh1, in γ-tubulin-dependent inactivation of the apc/c. cdha was not essential, but it targeted cb for destruction in g(1), and apc/c(cdha) had to be inact ...	2012	22927465
dna minor groove sensing and widening by the ccaat-binding complex.	the ccaat box is a frequent element of eukaryotic promoters, and its specific recognition by the conserved heterotrimeric ccaat-binding complex (cbc) constitutes a key step in promoter organization and regulation of transcription. here, we report the crystal structures of the cbc from aspergillus nidulans in the absence and in complex with double-stranded dna at 1.8 å resolution. the histone-like subunits hapc and hape induce nucleosome-like dna bending by interacting with the sugar-phosphate ba ...	2012	22902862
proof-of-principle for sers imaging of aspergillus nidulans hyphae using in vivo synthesis of gold nanoparticles.	high spatial resolution methods to assess the physiology of growing cells should permit analysis of fungal biochemical composition. whole colony methods cannot capture the details of physiology and organism-environment interaction, in part because the structure, function and composition of fungal hyphae vary within individual cells depending on their distance from the growing apex. surface enhanced raman scattering (sers) can provide chemical information on materials that are in close contact wi ...	2012	22900260
overexpression of the aspergillus nidulans histone 4 acetyltransferase esaa increases activation of secondary metabolite production.	regulation of secondary metabolite (sm) gene clusters in aspergillus nidulans has been shown to occur through cluster-specific transcription factors or through global regulators of chromatin structure such as histone methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, or the putative methyltransferase laea. a multicopy suppressor screen for genes capable of returning sm production to the sm deficient δlaea mutant resulted in identification of the essential histone acetyltransferase esaa, able to complemen ...	2012	22882998
microtubule-based transport in filamentous fungi.	defects in microtubule-based transport are implicated in many neuropathologies. the filamentous fungi aspergillus nidulans and ustilago maydis are valuable models for studying transport owing to their yeast-like genetic and biochemical tractability and metazoan-like dependence on microtubule-based transport for cellular trafficking. in these organisms the role of microtubules in nuclear positioning is well studied, but recent work has expanded the range of cargos to include endosomes, messenger ...	2012	23127389
antifungal activity of extracellular hydrolases produced by autolysing aspergillus nidulans cultures.	carbon-starving aspergillus nidulans cultures produce high activities of versatile hydrolytic enzymes and, among these, chib endochitinase and enga β-1,3-endoglucanase showed significant antifungal activity against various fungal species. double deletion of enga and chib diminished the antifungal activity of the fermentation broths and increased conidiogenesis and long-term viability of a. nidulans, but decreased the growth rate on culture media containing weak carbon sources. production of chib ...	2012	23124755
induced mitotic homologous recombination by the babesicide imidocarb dipropionate in aspergillus nidulans diploid cells.	imidocarb dipropionate (imd) is a chemotherapeutic agent prescribed for the treatment and control of babesiosis; it is known to be a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. although it is an effective babesicide, there are reports of persistent imd residues retained at high levels in edible tissues of cattle, swine and sheep, raising concerns about potential effects on humans. since the carcinogenic potential of a chemical compound can be assessed through its effect on the homologous recombination, we ...	2012	22869537
cis- and trans-acting localization determinants of ph response regulator rim13 in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the rim101/pacc pathway governs adaptation to alkaline ph in many fungi. output of the pathway is mediated by transcription factors of the rim101/pacc family, which are activated by proteolytic cleavage. the proteolytic complex includes scaffold protein rim20 and endosome-associated subunits of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (escrt). we provide here evidence that saccharomyces cerevisiae rim13, the protease that is implicated in rim101 cleavage, is associated with the rim20 ...	2012	22865500
motor-driven motility of fungal nuclear pores organizes chromosomes and fosters nucleocytoplasmic transport.	exchange between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is controlled by nuclear pore complexes (npcs). in animals, npcs are anchored by the nuclear lamina, which ensures their even distribution and proper organization of chromosomes. fungi do not possess a lamina and how they arrange their chromosomes and npcs is unknown. here, we show that motor-driven motility of npcs organizes the fungal nucleus. in ustilago maydis, aspergillus nidulans, and saccharomyces cerevisiae fluorescently labeled npcs showed ...	2012	22851316
genetic control of asexual sporulation in filamentous fungi.	asexual sporulation (conidiation) in the ascomycetous filamentous fungi involves the formation of conidia, formed on specialized structures called conidiophores. conidiation in filamentous fungi involves many common themes including spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression, specialized cellular differentiation, intra-/inter-cellular communications, and response to environmental factors. the commencement, progression and completion of conidiation are regulated by multiple positive and n ...	2012	23092920
genetic analysis of the arabidopsis protein kinases map3kε1 and map3kε2 indicates roles in cell expansion and embryo development.	map3kε1 and map3kε2 are a pair of arabidopsis thaliana genes that encode protein kinases related to cdc7p from saccharomyces cerevisiae. we have previously shown that the map3kε1;map3kε2 double-mutant combination causes pollen lethality. in this study, we have used an ethanol-inducible promoter construct to rescue this lethal phenotype and create map3kε1(-/-);map3kε2(-/-) double-mutant plants in order to examine the function of these genes in the sporophyte. these rescued double-mutant plants ca ...	2012	23087695
a pericentrin-related protein homolog in aspergillus nidulans plays important roles in nucleus positioning and cell polarity by affecting microtubule organization.	pericentrin is a large coiled-coil protein in mammalian centrosomes that serves as a multifunctional scaffold for anchoring numerous proteins. recent studies have linked numerous human disorders with mutated or elevated levels of pericentrin, suggesting unrecognized contributions of pericentrin-related proteins to the development of these disorders. in this study, we characterized anpcpa, a putative homolog of pericentrin-related protein in the model filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, and ...	2012	23087372
identification of the substrate recognition and transport pathway in a eukaryotic member of the nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (nat) family.	using the crystal structure of the uracil transporter uraa of escherichia coli, we constructed a 3d model of the aspergillus nidulans uric acid-xanthine/h(+) symporter uapa, which is a prototype member of the nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (nat) family. the model consists of 14 transmembrane segments (tmss) divided into a core and a gate domain, the later being distinctly different from that of uraa. by implementing molecular mechanics (mm) simulations and quantitative structure-activity relat ...	2012	22848666
identification and molecular genetic analysis of the cichorine gene cluster in aspergillus nidulans.	we recently demonstrated that the phytotoxin cichorine is produced by aspergillus nidulans. through a set of targeted deletions, we have found a cluster of seven genes that are required for its biosynthesis. two of the deletions yielded molecules that give information about the biosynthesis of this metabolite.	2012	24244835
vea1 is required for cleistothecial formation and virulence in histoplasma capsulatum.	histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic fungus dependent on dimorphism for virulence. among the four described velvet family genes, two of them, ryp2 and ryp3, have been shown to be required for dimorphism. it is known that velvet a (vea) is necessary for sexual development and toxin production in aspergillus nidulans. however, the role of the vea ortholog in h. capsulatum has not yet been explored. vea1, h. capsulatum homolog of vea, was studied to determine its role in cleistothecial formation, ...	2012	22841690
the aspergillus nidulans mapk module anste11-ste50-ste7-fus3 controls development and secondary metabolism.	the sexual fus3 map kinase module of yeast is highly conserved in eukaryotes and transmits external signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. we show here that the module of the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans (an) consists of the anfus3 map kinase, the upstream kinases anste7 and anste11, and the anste50 adaptor. the fungal mapk module controls the coordination of fungal development and secondary metabolite production. it lacks the membrane docking yeast ste5 scaffold homolog; bu ...	2012	22829779
aspergillus nidulans and chronic granulomatous disease: a unique host-pathogen interaction.	invasive fungal infections are a major threat for patients suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (cgd), a primary immunodeficiency caused by a defect in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph)-oxidase. interestingly, aspergillus (emericella) nidulans is the second most encountered mold in cgd patients, causing almost exclusively invasive infections in this specific host, and is characterized by its aggressive behavior. a proper diagnosis is complicated by the often mild cl ...	2012	22829648
vea-dependent rna-pol ii transcription elongation factor-like protein, rtfa, is associated with secondary metabolism and morphological development in aspergillus nidulans.	in aspergillus nidulans the global regulatory gene vea is necessary for the biosynthesis of several secondary metabolites, including the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (st). in order to identify additional vea-dependent genetic elements involved in regulating st production, we performed a mutagenesis on a deletion vea (δvea) strain to obtain revertant mutants (rm) that regained the capability to produce toxin. genetic analysis and molecular characterization of one of the revertant mutants, rm3, reve ...	2012	22783880
saga complex components and acetate repression in aspergillus nidulans.	alongside the well-established carbon catabolite repression by glucose and other sugars, acetate causes repression in aspergillus nidulans. mutations in crea, encoding the transcriptional repressor involved in glucose repression, also affect acetate repression, but mutations in creb or crec, encoding components of a deubiquitination system, do not. to understand the effects of acetate, we used a mutational screen that was similar to screens that uncovered mutations in crea, creb, and crec, excep ...	2012	23173087
involvement of protein kinase c in the suppression of apoptosis and in polarity establishment in aspergillus nidulans under conditions of heat stress.	the pkca gene, which encodes a protein kinase c (pkc) in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, is essential for its viability. however, little is known about its functions. to address this issue, we constructed and characterized temperature-sensitive mutants of pkca. the conidia of these mutants swelled slightly and exhibited apoptotic phenotypes at 42°c. the apoptotic phenotypes were suppressed by an osmotic stabilizer. under these conditions, the conidia swelled extensively and did not ...	2012	23209763