Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| transcriptional profiling for aspergillusnidulans hoga mapk signaling pathway in response to fludioxonil and osmotic stress. | in filamentous fungi, the his-asp phosphorelay signaling system and hog pathway are involved in the action of the fungicides, fludioxonil, and iprodione, as well as osmotic and oxidative stress responses. aspergillusnidulans response regulators (rrs), sska and srra, and histidine kinase (hk), nika, are involved in the growth inhibitory effects of these fungicides. to gain further insights into the molecular basis for these signaling systems, we performed dna microarray analyses of fludioxonil an ... | 2009 | 19596074 |
| decolourization and detoxification of pulp and paper mill effluent by emericella nidulans var. nidulans. | in this study geno-toxicity analysis along with effluent treatment was taken up to evaluate the efficiency of biological treatment process for safe disposal of treated effluent. four fungi were isolated from sediments of pulp and paper mill in which pf4 reduced colour (30%) and lignin content (24%) of the effluent on 3rd day. the fungal strain was identified as emericella nidulans var. nidulans (anamorph: aspergillus nidulans) on the basis of rdna its1 and rdna its2 region sequences. the process ... | 2009 | 19586717 |
| comprehensive genomic analysis of cell wall genes in aspergillus nidulans. | knowledge of the mechanisms underlying cell wall biosynthesis in aspergillus spp. is of high relevance to medicine and food safety, and for biotechnological applications. the cell wall of aspergillus nidulans is composed of galactomannoproteins, 1,3-alpha-glucan, beta-glucans, and chitin. here, we present a comprehensive inventory of the cell wall-related genes in a. nidulans. this includes glycan-synthetic and glycan-processing enzymes, spore wall maturation enzymes, gpi-anchor processing enzym ... | 2009 | 19585695 |
| characterization of nika histidine kinase and two response regulators with special reference to osmotic adaptation and asexual development in aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans has many histidine-to-aspartate (his-asp) phosphorelay components, including 15 histidine kinases (hks), four response regulators (rrs), and a histidine-containing phosphotransfer intermediate (hpt). of these, nika (hk) is highly conserved in many filamentous fungi. it has been found that nika is responsible for the responses of filamentous fungi to fungicides such as iprodione and fludioxonil. two rrs, sska and srra, are also involved in the fungicide response, providing a ... | 2009 | 19584543 |
| elimination of marker genes from transformed filamentous fungi by unselected transient transfection with a cre-expressing plasmid. | a convenient method to remove selectable markers from fungal transformants permits the markers to be used for sequential transformations, and should also reduce public concerns and regulatory impediments to applications involving environmental release of genetically modified fungi. we report a method for marker removal that requires no genetic selection. protoplasts from neotyphodium coenophialum,neotyphodium uncinatum and epichloë festucae transformants containing a hygromycin b phosphotransfer ... | 2009 | 19576996 |
| [in vitro activity of anidulafungin. comparison with the activity of other echinocandins]. | anidulafungin is a new echinocandin that acts by inhibiting (1,3)-beta-d-glucan synthesis in the fungal cell wall. this agent is a semisynthetic lipopeptide synthesized from a fermentation product of aspergillus nidulans. the spectrum of activity of anidulafungin includes candida and aspergillus, the two main etiological agents causing invasive fungal infections. this drug is also active against strains of these genera resistant to azoles or amphotericin b. however, anidulafungin is not active a ... | 2008 | 19572429 |
| molecular characterization of the niad and pyrg genes from penicillium camemberti, and their use as transformation markers. | genetic manipulation of the filamentous fungus penicillium camemberti has been limited by a lack of suitable genetics tools for this fungus. in particular, there is no available homologous transformation system. in this study, the nitrate reductase (niad) and orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (pyrg) genes from penicillium camemberti were characterized, and their suitability as metabolic molecular markers for transformation was evaluated. the genes were amplified using pcr-related techniqu ... | 2009 | 19562269 |
| riok3 interacts with caspase-10 and negatively regulates the nf-kappab signaling pathway. | riok3 was initially characterized as a homolog of aspergillus nidulans sudd and showed down-regulation at the invasive front of malignant melanomas, but the molecular mechanism remains elusive. here, we report that overexpression of riok3 inhibits tnfalpha-induced nf-kappab activation, but down-regulation of endogenous riok3 expression by sirna potentiates it. a yeast two-hybrid experiment revealed that riok3 interacted with caspase-10, and further, a gst pull-down assay and endogenous coimmunop ... | 2009 | 19557502 |
| heterologous expression and characterization of cpi, ocpa, and novel serine-type carboxypeptidase ocpb from aspergillus oryzae. | in the genome of aspergillus oryzae, 12 genes have been predicted to encode serine-type carboxypeptidases. however, the carboxypeptidase activities of the proteins encoded by these genes have not yet been confirmed experimentally. in this study, we have constructed three of these 12 genes overexpressing strains using aspergillus nidulans and characterized their overproduced recombinant proteins. of these three genes, one was previously named cpi; the other two have not been reported yet, and hen ... | 2009 | 19557408 |
| restoration of net formation by gene therapy in cgd controls aspergillosis. | chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) patients have impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) oxidase function, resulting in poor antimicrobial activity of neutrophils, including the inability to generate neutrophil extracellular traps (nets). invasive aspergillosis is the leading cause of death in patients with cgd; it is unclear how neutrophils control aspergillus species in healthy persons. the aim of this study was to determine whether gene therapy restores net formation in ... | 2009 | 19541821 |
| characterization of the aspergillus ochraceoroseus aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin biosynthetic gene cluster. | production of carcinogenic aflatoxins has been reported from members of aspergillus section flavi, aspergillus section nidulantes and a newly proposed aspergillus section ochraceorosei that consists of aspergillus ochraceoroseus and a. rambellii. unlike members of section flavi, a. ochraceoroseus and a. rambellii have been shown to accumulate both aflatoxin (af) and the aflatoxin precursor sterigmatocystin (st). alhough morphologically distinct from a. nidulans, molecular characterization of a. ... | 2009 | 19537208 |
| effect of ozone on spore germination, spore production and biomass production in two aspergillus species. | the ability of ozone gas to reduce food spoilage is relatively well documented, but the developmental effects of the gas on food spoilage fungi are not well known. in this study two model aspergilli, aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus ochraceus were used to study the effects of ozone on spore germination, sporulation and biomass production. these effects were examined under three levels of ozone; two high level ozone exposures (200 and 300 micromol mol(-1)) and one low level exposure (0.2 micr ... | 2009 | 19533409 |
| functional analysis and subcellular localization of two geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases from penicillium paxilli. | the filamentous fungus penicillium paxilli contains two distinct geranylgeranyl diphosphate (ggpp) synthases, ggsa and ggsb (paxg). paxg and its homologues in neotyphodium lolii and fusarium fujikuroi are associated with diterpene secondary metabolite gene clusters. the genomes of other filamentous fungi including aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae and fusarium graminearum also contain two or more copies of ggpp synthase genes, although the diterpe ... | 2009 | 19529962 |
| aspergillus fumigatus induces immunoglobulin e-independent mast cell degranulation. | pulmonary colonization by aspergillus fumigatus in chronic lung disease is associated with progressive decline in lung function even in the absence of specific allergic response. we hypothesized that a. fumigatus contributes to this decline by inducing pulmonary mast cell degranulation even in the absence of antigen-specific immunoglobulin e (ige). therefore, we investigated whether a. fumigatus can induce mast cell degranulation independently of ige. | 2009 | 19527167 |
| expression of a gfp gene in penicillium nordicum under control of the promoter of the ochratoxin a polyketide synthase gene. | a gfp reporter gene strain of penicillium nordicum was constructed in order to be able to study the influence of environmental parameters on ochratoxin a biosynthesis. to introduce the gfp gene an agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation system (atmt) for p. nordicum was established resulting in a transformation efficiency of about 60 transformants per microg of dna. the selection principle was based on the hygromycin b resistance gene located on the ti-dna fragment of the binary vector ... | 2009 | 19525025 |
| the fate of gene duplicates in the genomes of fungal pathogens. | understanding how molecular changes underlie phenotypic variation within and between species is one of the main goals of evolutionary biology and comparative genetics. the recent proliferation of sequenced fungal genomes offers a unique opportunity to start elucidating the extreme phenotypic diversity in the kingdom fungi.1-4 we attempted to investigate the contribution of gene families to the evolutionary forces shaping the diversity of pathogenic lifestyles among the fungi.5 we studied a famil ... | 2008 | 19513258 |
| asexual sporulation signalling regulates autolysis of aspergillus nidulans via modulating the chitinase chib production. | elucidation of the regulation of chib production in aspergillus nidulans. | 2009 | 19486415 |
| characterisation of the cipc-like protein afua_5g09330 of the opportunistic human pathogenic mould aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus is currently the major airborne fungal pathogen that menaces immunocompromised individuals. germination of inhaled conidia is a hallmark of the early infection process, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. the intention of our ongoing studies is the identification of a. fumigatus proteins that are differentially expressed during germination and may provide insights in the germination process. using a proteomic approach, we identified afua_5g09330 as a major ... | 2010 | 19486301 |
| the vea gene is necessary for the negative regulation of the vea expression in aspergillus nidulans. | the vea gene is one of the key genes in regulating sexual development of aspergillus nidulans. during the study on the vea gene, it was observed that the vea expression level is slightly higher in a vea1 mutant than in a wild type at 37 degrees c, suggesting that the wild type vea gene is necessary for the negative regulation of the vea expression. in the vea1 mutant, the vea expression was higher than in a wild type grown at 42 degrees c but equal at 30 degrees c. furthermore, in a vea deletion ... | 2009 | 19479257 |
| molecular characterization of a fungal gene paralogue of the penicillin pende gene of penicillium chrysogenum. | penicillium chrysogenum converts isopenicillin n (ipn) into hydrophobic penicillins by means of the peroxisomal ipn acyltransferase (iat), which is encoded by the pende gene. in silico analysis of the p. chrysogenum genome revealed the presence of a gene, pc13g09140, initially described as paralogue of the iat-encoding pende gene. we have termed this gene ial because it encodes a protein with high similarity to iat (ial for iat-like). we have conducted an investigation to characterize the ial ge ... | 2009 | 19470155 |
| convergent evolution and orphan genes in the fur4p-like family and characterization of a general nucleoside transporter in aspergillus nidulans. | the function of seven paralogues phylogenetically related to the saccharomyces cerevisiae fur4p together with a number of functionally related transporters present in aspergillus nidulans has been investigated. after deletion of the cognate genes we checked the incorporation of radiolabelled substrates, utilization of nitrogen sources, resistance to toxic analogues and supplementation of auxotrophies. fura and furd encode allantoin and uracil transporters respectively. no function was found for ... | 2009 | 19460095 |
| chromatin-level regulation of biosynthetic gene clusters. | loss-of-function aspergillus nidulans ccla, a bre2 ortholog involved in histone h3 lysine 4 methylation, activated the expression of cryptic secondary metabolite clusters in a. nidulans. one new cluster generated monodictyphenone, emodin and emodin derivatives, whereas a second encoded two anti-osteoporosis polyketides, f9775a and f9775b. modification of the chromatin landscape in fungal secondary metabolite clusters allows for a simple technological means to express silent fungal secondary meta ... | 2009 | 19448638 |
| physiological characterisation of acub deletion in aspergillus niger. | the acub gene of aspergillus niger is an ortholog of facb in aspergillus nidulans. under carbon-repression conditions, facb is repressed, thereby preventing acetate metabolism when the repressing carbon source is present. even though facb is reported to be repressed directly by crea, it is believed that a basal level of facb activity exists under glucose-repressive conditions. in the present study, the effect of deletion of acub on the physiology of a. niger was assessed. differences in organic ... | 2009 | 19444441 |
| the important role of actinin-like protein (acna) in cytokinesis and apical dominance of hyphal cells in aspergillus nidulans. | the actin cytoskeleton is involved in many processes in eukaryotic cells, including interaction with a wide variety of actin-binding proteins such as the actin-capping proteins, the actin filament nucleators and the actin cross-linking proteins. here, we report the identification and characterization of an actinin-like protein (acna) from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. not only did the depletion of acna by alca(p) promoter repression or the deletion of acna result in explicit abnor ... | 2009 | 19443549 |
| aspergillus nidulans as a biological system to detect the genotoxic effects of mercury fumes on eukaryotes. | mercury (hg) pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems. due to public concern prompted by the symptoms displayed by people who consumed contaminated fish in minamata, japan in 1956, hg pollution has since been kept under constant surveillance. however, despite considerable accumulation of knowledge on the noxious effects of ingested or inhaled hg, especially for humans, there is virtually nothing known about the genotoxic effects of hg. because increased mitotic crossing over i ... | 2009 | 19440976 |
| molecular characterization of stci esterase from aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans produces stci esterase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin, a precursor of aflatoxins. previous reports of this esterase in a. nidulans suggest that it is composed of 286 amino acid residues with a theoretical molecular mass of 31 kda. various conditions were evaluated to determine the optimal expression conditions for stci; the highest level was observed when a. nidulans was cultured in solid oat media. various esterases were expressed differentially ... | 2009 | 19440704 |
| the cell end marker protein teac is involved in growth directionality and septation in aspergillus nidulans. | polarized growth in filamentous fungi depends on the correct spatial organization of the microtubule (mt) and actin cytoskeleton. in schizosaccharomyces pombe it was shown that the mt cytoskeleton is required for the delivery of so-called cell end marker proteins, e.g., tea1 and tea4, to the cell poles. subsequently, these markers recruit several proteins required for polarized growth, e.g., a formin, which catalyzes actin cable formation. the latest results suggest that this machinery is conser ... | 2009 | 19429780 |
| the aspergillus nidulans pigp gene encodes a subunit of gpi-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase which influences filamentation and protein secretion. | glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) anchoring is the main mechanism allowing proper localization of secretory proteins in cell membranes. we have isolated an aspergillus nidulans homolog of the human pig-p gene, which encodes a subunit of acetylglucosaminyltransferase (gpi-gnt)-an enzyme involved in the synthesis of gpi anchors. a. nidulans pigp mutants have significantly decreased gpi synthesis. on solid media they show strong growth retardation (the "button" phenotype) while in liquid minimal m ... | 2009 | 19421754 |
| myosin motor-like domain of the class vi chitin synthase csmb is essential to its functions in aspergillus nidulans. | chitin is one of the major cell wall components of ascomycete filamentous fungi, and chitin synthesis plays important roles in the morphogenesis of hyphae. in the aspergillus nidulans genome, there are two genes, csma and csmb, that encode a myosin motor-like domain (mmd) at their n-termini and a chitin synthase domain (csd) at their c-termini. in our previous studies, we found that the mmd of csma was required for its functionality, and that csma and csmb had certain overlapping functions essen ... | 2009 | 19420702 |
| pepj is a new extracellular proteinase of aspergillus nidulans. | under carbon starvation, aspergillus nidulans released a metallo-proteinase with activities comparable to those of prta, the major extracellular serine proteinase of the fungus. the relative molar mass of the enzyme was 19 kda as determined with both denaturing and renaturing sds page, while its isoelectric point and ph and temperature optima were 8.6, 5.5 and 65 degrees c, respectively. the enzyme was stable at ph 3.5-10.5 and was still active at 95 degrees c in the presence of azocasein substr ... | 2009 | 19418246 |
| the nsdc gene encoding a putative c2h2-type transcription factor is a key activator of sexual development in aspergillus nidulans. | the formation of the aspergillus nidulans fruiting body is affected by a number of genetic and environmental factors. here, the nsdc (never in sexual development) gene-encoding a putative transcription factor carrying a novel type of zinc-finger dna-binding domain consisting of two c(2)h(2)'s and a c(2)hc motif that are highly conserved in most fungi but not in plants or animals-was investigated. two distinct transcripts of 2.6 and 3.0 kb were generated from nsdc. the 2.6-kb mrna accumulated dif ... | 2009 | 19416940 |
| distinct roles for vea and laea in development and pathogenesis of aspergillus flavus. | aspergillus flavus, a mycotoxigenic filamentous fungus, colonizes several important agricultural crops, such as maize and peanuts. two proteins, vea and laea, known to form a nuclear complex in aspergillus nidulans have been found to positively regulate developmental processes in several aspergillus species. here, an examination of near-isogenic a. flavus mutants differing in copy number of vea and laea alleles (0, 1, or at least 2 each) revealed critical roles for vea and laea in a. flavus deve ... | 2009 | 19411623 |
| class iii chitin synthase chsb of aspergillus nidulans localizes at the sites of polarized cell wall synthesis and is required for conidial development. | class iii chitin synthases play important roles in tip growth and conidiation in many filamentous fungi. however, little is known about their functions in those processes. to address these issues, we characterized the deletion mutant of a class iii chitin synthase-encoding gene of aspergillus nidulans, chsb, and investigated chsb localization in the hyphae and conidiophores. multilayered cell walls and intrahyphal hyphae were observed in the hyphae of the chsb deletion mutant, and wavy septa wer ... | 2009 | 19411617 |
| atan1p-an extracellular tannase from the dimorphic yeast arxula adeninivorans: molecular cloning of the atan1 gene and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | the tannase-encoding arxula adeninivorans gene atan1 was isolated from genomic dna by pcr, using as primers oligonucleotide sequences derived from peptides obtained after tryptic digestion of the purified tannase protein. the gene harbours an orf of 1764 bp, encoding a 587-amino acid protein, preceded by an n-terminal secretion sequence comprising 28 residues. the deduced amino acid sequence was similar to those of tannases from aspergillus oryzae (50% identity), a. niger (48%) and putative tann ... | 2009 | 19387973 |
| timely septation requires snad-dependent spindle pole body localization of the septation initiation network components in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans, cytokinesis/septation is triggered by the septation initiation network (sin), which first appears at the spindle pole body (spb) during mitosis. the coiled-coil protein snad is associated with the spb and is required for timely septation and conidiation. we have determined that snad acted as a scaffold protein that is required for the localization of the sin proteins of sidb and moba to the spb. another scaffold protein sepk, whose localization at ... | 2009 | 19386763 |
| fvve1 regulates biosynthesis of the mycotoxins fumonisins and fusarins in fusarium verticillioides. | the vea gene positively regulates sterigmatocystin production in aspergillus nidulans and aflatoxin production in aspergillus parasiticus and aspergillus flavus . whether vea homologues have a role in regulating secondary metabolism in other fungal genera is unknown. in this study, we examined the role of the vea homologue, fvve1, on the production of two mycotoxin families, fumonisins and fusarins, in the important corn pathogen fusarium verticillioides . we found that fvve1 deletion completely ... | 2009 | 19382792 |
| improved tryprostatin b production by heterologous gene expression in aspergillus nidulans. | tryprostatin b, a prenylated diketopiperazine with anti-tubulin activity, has been overproduced in fungal culture by expression of genes of the fumitremorgin cluster from aspergillus fumigatus in the naïve host aspergillus nidulans using the alca promoter. the products of the expressed genes catalyse the first two steps of fumitremorgin biosynthesis, namely the formation of brevianamide f and its conversion to tryprostatin b. yields of tryprostatin b were up to 250 mg/l, a significant improvemen ... | 2009 | 19373974 |
| functional characterization of the aspergillus nidulans methionine sulfoxide reductases (msra and msrb). | proteins are subject to modification by reactive oxygen species (ros), and oxidation of specific amino acid residues can impair their biological function, leading to an alteration in cellular homeostasis. sulfur-containing amino acids as methionine are the most vulnerable to oxidation by ros, resulting in the formation of methionine sulfoxide [met(o)] residues. this modification can be repaired by methionine sulfoxide reductases (msr). two distinct classes of these enzymes, msra and msrb, which ... | 2009 | 19373970 |
| deletion analysis of the promoter of aspergillus oryzae gene encoding heat shock protein 30. | in order to find a promoter that could be influenced by temperature shift, we explored and isolated an aspergillus oryzae gene expressed at high temperatures (37-42 degrees c) by the cdna subtraction method. of the 96 cdna clones isolated from the subtraction library, one cdna clone showed 73% identity with aspergillus nidulans heat shock protein 30 (hsp30). based on this, we designated the isolated gene hsp30 of a. oryzae. a. oryzae hsp30 was weakly expressed at 30 degrees c, but strongly at 40 ... | 2009 | 19332290 |
| importin alpha is an essential nuclear import carrier adaptor required for proper sexual and asexual development and secondary metabolism in aspergillus nidulans. | in eukaryotes, the principal nuclear import pathway is driven by the importin alpha/beta1 heterodimer. kapa, the aspergillus nidulans importin alpha, is an essential protein. we generated a conditional allele, kapa31, mimicking the srp1-31 allele in saccharomyces cerevisiae. kapa31 carries a ser111phe amino acid substitution which, at the restrictive temperature of 42 degrees c, reduces nuclear import of cargos containing classical nuclear-localization-sequences, cnls. using kapa31, we have demo ... | 2009 | 19318129 |
| characterization of oxylipins and dioxygenase genes in the asexual fungus aspergillus niger. | aspergillus niger is an ascomycetous fungus that is known to reproduce through asexual spores, only. interestingly, recent genome analysis of a. niger has revealed the presence of a full complement of functional genes related to sexual reproduction 1. an example of such genes are the dioxygenase genes which in aspergillus nidulans, have been shown to be connected to oxylipin production and regulation of both sexual and asexual sporulation 234. nevertheless, the presence of sex related genes alon ... | 2009 | 19309517 |
| re-characterisation of saccharomyces cerevisiae ach1p: fungal coa-transferases are involved in acetic acid detoxification. | saccharomyces cerevisiae and neurospora crassa mutants defective in the so-called acetyl-coa hydrolases ach1p and acu-8, respectively, display a severe growth defect on acetate, which is most strongly pronounced under acidic conditions. acetyl-coa hydrolysis is an energy wasting process and therefore denoted as a biochemical conundrum. acetyl-coa hydrolases show high sequence identity to the coa-transferase coat from aspergillus nidulans. therefore, we extensively re-characterised the yeast enzy ... | 2009 | 19298859 |
| a novel hybrid dual-channel catalytic-biological sensor system for assessment of fruit quality. | the release of volatile ethylene and acetaldehyde characterizes the metabolic state and quality of fruit. we have designed and implemented a hybrid dual-channel catalytic-biological sensor system, which is able to quantify both volatiles in situ. this sensor system consists of a mammalian cell line engineered for constitutive expression of an aspergillus nidulans-derived biosensor which triggers quantitative reporter gene expression in the presence of volatile acetaldehyde. ethylene, oxidized to ... | 2009 | 19297727 |
| recombinantly produced hydrophobins from fungal analogues as highly surface-active performance proteins. | hydrophobins are available from natural resources only in milligram amounts. basf succeeded in a recombinant production process, up-scaled to pilot plant production in kilogram scale. strain and protein optimization by modulation of gene expression and generation of fusion proteins finally leads to two class i hydrophobins called h*protein a and h*protein b. by analytical ultracentrifugation, we confirm that the self-association of h*proteins in solution is governed by their sequence, because ol ... | 2010 | 19290518 |
| differential roles of the chib chitinase in autolysis and cell death of aspergillus nidulans. | autolysis is a natural event that occurs in most filamentous fungi. such self-degradation of fungal cells becomes a predominant phenomenon in the absence of the regulator of g protein signaling flba in aspergillus nidulans. among a number of potential hydrolytic enzymes in the a. nidulans genome, the secreted endochitinase chib was shown to play a major role in autolysis. in this report, we investigate the roles of chib in fungal autolysis and cell death processes through genetic, biochemical, a ... | 2009 | 19286987 |
| identification of ppoa from aspergillus nidulans as a fusion protein of a fatty acid heme dioxygenase/peroxidase and a cytochrome p450. | the homothallic ascomycete aspergillus nidulans serves as model organism for filamentous fungi because of its ability to propagate with both asexual and sexual life cycles, and fatty acid-derived substances regulate the balance between both cycles. these so-called psi (precocious sexual inducer) factors are produced by psi factor-producing oxygenases (ppo enzymes). bioinformatic analysis predicted the presence of two different heme domains in ppo proteins: in the n-terminal region, a fatty acid ... | 2009 | 19286665 |
| imaging living cells of aspergillus in vitro. | live-cell imaging techniques are now routinely used to study filamentous fungi. this has been very much facilitated by the development of a wide range of novel microscope technologies, new fluorescent probes (vital dyes and fluorescent proteins), and major advances in computing hardware and software. here we show what can be achieved with imaging living cells of aspergillus fumigatus and a. nidulans in vitro using confocal laser scanning microscopy. basic techniques for successful live-cell imag ... | 2009 | 19255923 |
| aspergillus: a primer for the novice. | aspergillus is a genus of molds named after the morphological structure that bears asexual spores, the aspergillum, which resembles a liturgical device. this genus contains several species of positive or negative economic importance in industry, agriculture and medicine. the majority of aspergilli, including most species of economic importance, are known to reproduce only by asexual spores. genome projects have been completed for a. fumigatus, a. nidulans, a. niger and a. oryzae; several other s ... | 2009 | 19253144 |
| a library-based method to rapidly analyse chromatin accessibility at multiple genomic regions. | traditional chromatin analysis methods only test one locus at the time or use different templates for each locus, making a standardized analysis of large genomic regions or many co-regulated genes at different loci a difficult task. on the other hand, genome-wide high-resolution mapping of chromatin accessibility employing massive parallel sequencing platforms generates an extensive data set laborious to analyse and is a cost-intensive method, only applicable to the analysis of a limited set of ... | 2009 | 19251760 |
| class iic alpha-mannosidase afams1 is required for morphogenesis and cellular function in aspergillus fumigatus. | the mammalian er/cytosolic alpha-mannosidase (man2c1p), yeast vacuolar alpha-mannosidase (ams1p) and the aspergillus nidulans alpha-mannosidase are members of class iic subgroup, which is involved in oligosaccharide catabolism and n-glycan processing. unlike their mammalian counterparts, the yeast ams1p and a. nidulans class iic alpha-mannosidase are not essential for morphogenesis and cellular function. in this study, the afams1, a gene encoding a member of class iic alpha-mannosidases, was ide ... | 2009 | 19240271 |
| assessment of the core cryparin promoter from cryphonectria parasitica for heterologous expression in filamentous fungi. | cryparin is an abundant cell-wall-associated hydrophobin of cryphonectria parasitica. although cryparin is encoded as a single copy gene, it is the most abundant protein produced by this fungus when grown in liquid culture. studies to characterize the transcriptional regulatory element(s) found that the fragment between nt -188 and the start codon was the minimal but sufficient promoter element for expression of the cryparin gene. to explore the possibility of using this small fragment as a mini ... | 2009 | 19238380 |
| mlp1 acts as a mitotic scaffold to spatially regulate spindle assembly checkpoint proteins in aspergillus nidulans. | during open mitosis several nuclear pore complex (npc) proteins have mitotic specific localizations and functions. we find that the aspergillus nidulans mlp1 npc protein has previously unrealized mitotic roles involving spatial regulation of spindle assembly checkpoint (sac) proteins. in interphase, an-mlp1 tethers the an-mad1 and an-mad2 sac proteins to npcs. during a normal mitosis, an-mlp1, an-mad1, and an-mad2 localize similarly on, and around, kinetochores until telophase when they transien ... | 2009 | 19225157 |
| phenotypes of mutations in the 5'-utr of a limiting transcription factor in aspergillus nidulans can be accounted for by translational inhibition and leaky scanning. | the uay gene encodes the transcriptional activator of purine catabolism genes in aspergillus nidulans. uay12 results in strongly defective growth on purines as nitrogen sources and in strongly diminished transcription of uay-regulated genes. this mutation introduces an atg codon 64 bp upstream of the uay atg, generating a 68-codon open reading frame (uorfa), overlapping with the uay orf. uay12 revertants fall into three categories: i. the majority eliminate the aberrant atg. the growth and trans ... | 2009 | 19221200 |
| nucleolar separation from chromosomes during aspergillus nidulans mitosis can occur without spindle forces. | how the nucleolus is segregated during mitosis is poorly understood and occurs by very different mechanisms during closed and open mitosis. here we report a new mechanism of nucleolar segregation involving removal of the nucleolar-organizing regions (nors) from nucleoli during aspergillus nidulans mitosis. this involves a double nuclear envelope (ne) restriction which generates three ne-associated structures, two daughter nuclei (containing the nors), and the nucleolus. therefore, a remnant nucl ... | 2009 | 19211837 |
| the protein kinase imeb is required for light-mediated inhibition of sexual development and for mycotoxin production in aspergillus nidulans. | spore formation is a common process in the developmental cycle of fungi. in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, ime2 is a key protein kinase for the meiotic cell cycle, which precedes ascospore formation. here, we analysed the ime2-related imeb gene of the filamentous ascomycete aspergillus nidulans. imeb deletion strains are retarded in growth and overproduce fertile sexual fruiting bodies in the presence of light, which normally represses sexual development. imeb mutants also display abnormal ... | 2009 | 19210625 |
| comparative evolutionary histories of the fungal chitinase gene family reveal non-random size expansions and contractions due to adaptive natural selection. | gene duplication and loss play an important role in the evolution of novel functions and for shaping an organism's gene content. recently, it was suggested that stress-related genes frequently are exposed to duplications and losses, while growth-related genes show selection against change in copy number. the fungal chitinase gene family constitutes an interesting case study of gene duplication and loss, as their biological roles include growth and development as well as more stress-responsive fu ... | 2008 | 19204807 |
| mutations in genes encoding sorting nexins alter production of intracellular and extracellular proteases in aspergillus nidulans. | xprg, a putative p53-like transcriptional activator, regulates production of extracellular proteases in response to nutrient limitation and may also have a role in programmed cell death. to identify genes that may be involved in the xprg regulatory pathway, xprg2 revertants were isolated and shown to carry mutations in genes which we have named soga-c (suppressors of xprg). the translocation breakpoint in the soga1 mutant was localized to a homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae vps5 and mapping da ... | 2009 | 19204378 |
| inducer-dependent nuclear localization of a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcriptional activator, amyr, in aspergillus nidulans. | amyr is a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcriptional activator that regulates expression of the amylolytic genes in aspergillus species. subcellular localization studies of gfp-fused amyr in a. nidulans revealed that the fusion protein preferentially localized to the nucleus in response to isomaltose, the physiological inducer of the amylolytic genes. the c-terminal domains of amyr, designated mh3 (residues 419-496) and mh4 (residues 516-542), were essential for sensing the inducing stimulus and regulating ... | 2009 | 19202286 |
| a gene cluster containing two fungal polyketide synthases encodes the biosynthetic pathway for a polyketide, asperfuranone, in aspergillus nidulans. | the genome sequencing of aspergillus species including a. nidulans reveals that the products of many of the secondary metabolism pathways in these fungi have not been elucidated. our examination of the 27 polyketide synthases (pks) in a. nidulans revealed that one highly reduced pks (hr-pks, an1034.3) and one nonreduced pks (nr-pks, an1036.3) are located next to each other in the genome. since no known a. nidulans secondary metabolites could be produced by two pks enzymes, we hypothesized that t ... | 2009 | 19199437 |
| rapid screening and isolation of a fungus for sitosterol to androstenedione biotransformation. | androstenedione (ad) is a steroid intermediate used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of several important anabolic drugs. an important route for producing ad is by the microbial transformation of sterols. microbes capable of efficiently transforming sterols to ad are few and newer strains need to be isolated. conventional procedures for screening and isolation are time consuming. a new procedure was used for screening and isolation of fungal microorganisms capable of biotransfor ... | 2009 | 19189060 |
| analysis of all protein phosphatase genes in aspergillus nidulans identifies a new mitotic regulator, fcp1. | reversible protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism of cell cycle control in which protein phosphatases counteract the activities of protein kinases. in aspergillus nidulans, 28 protein phosphatase catalytic subunit genes were identified. systematic deletion analysis identified four essential phosphatases and four required for normal growth. conditional alleles of these were generated using the alca promoter. the deleted phosphatase strain collection and regulatable versions ... | 2009 | 19181872 |
| comparative in vitro activities of posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against aspergillus and rhizopus, and synergy testing for rhizopus. | we compared the in vitro activities of posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against clinical isolates of aspergillus spp. and rhizopus spp., and explored the in vitro interaction between posaconazole and amphotericin b against rhizopus spp. clinical strains of 82 aspergillus spp. (43 aspergillus fumigatus, 29 a. flavus, 7 a. niger, 2 a. terreus, 1 a. nidulans) and 11 rhizopus oryzae isolates were tested in accordance with clsi m38-a microdilution guidelines. in vitro acti ... | 2008 | 19180726 |
| the glutathione system of aspergillus nidulans involves a fungus-specific glutathione s-transferase. | the tripeptide glutathione is involved in cellular defense mechanisms for xenobiotics and reactive oxygen species. this study investigated glutathione-dependent mechanisms in the model organism aspergillus nidulans. a recombinant dimeric protein of a. nidulans glutathione reductase (gr) contained fad and reduced oxidized glutathione (gssg) using nadph as an electron donor. a deletion strain of the gr gene (glra) accumulated less intracellular reduced glutathione (gsh), indicating that the fungal ... | 2009 | 19171936 |
| agta, the dicarboxylic amino acid transporter of aspergillus nidulans, is concertedly down-regulated by exquisite sensitivity to nitrogen metabolite repression and ammonium-elicited endocytosis. | we identified agta, a gene that encodes the specific dicarboxylic amino acid transporter of aspergillus nidulans. the deletion of the gene resulted in loss of utilization of aspartate as a nitrogen source and of aspartate uptake, while not completely abolishing glutamate utilization. kinetic constants showed that agta is a high-affinity dicarboxylic amino acid transporter and are in agreement with those determined for a cognate transporter activity identified previously. the gene is extremely se ... | 2009 | 19168757 |
| studies of the production of fungal polyketides in aspergillus nidulans by using systems biology tools. | many filamentous fungi produce polyketide molecules with great significance as human pharmaceuticals; these molecules include the cholesterol-lowering compound lovastatin, which was originally isolated from aspergillus terreus. the chemical diversity and potential uses of these compounds are virtually unlimited, and it is thus of great interest to develop a well-described microbial production platform for polyketides. using genetic engineering tools available for the model organism aspergillus n ... | 2009 | 19168657 |
| disruption of the nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase affects the morphology of two industrial strains of penicillium chrysogenum. | new morphological aspects of penicillium chrysogenum were found during physiological characterisation of two nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase mutant strains. a morphological characterisation of the previously constructed strains, together with the two beta-lactam producing industrial recipient strains, was conducted. the reference strains showed a compact structure with highly branched hyphal elements whereas the morphology of the deltagdha strains consisting of long elongated hyphal elem ... | 2009 | 19167440 |
| the pot and plob vector systems: improving ease of transgene expression in botrytis cinerea. | this paper outlines the construction of a novel vector system comprising interchangeable terminators, as well as a multiple cloning site (mcs), to facilitate the transformation of the fungal plant pathogen botrytis cinerea. previous molecular studies on b. cinerea have relied upon the plob1 based vector system (controlled by the aspergillus nidulans olic promoter and a region reported to be the b. cinerea tuba terminator). investigations, however, have revealed that, rather than the genuine b. c ... | 2008 | 19164879 |
| identification of virulence genes in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by large-scale transposon tagging. | forward genetic screens are efficient tools for the dissection of complex biological processes, such as fungal pathogenicity. a transposon tagging system was developed in the vascular wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by inserting the novel modified impala element imp160::gfp upstream of the aspergillus nidulans niad gene, followed by transactivation with a constitutively expressed transposase. a collection of 2072 nia(+) revertants was obtained from reporter strain t12 and scree ... | 2009 | 19161356 |
| contribution of peroxisomes to penicillin biosynthesis in aspergillus nidulans. | peroxisomal localization of the third enzyme of the penicillin biosynthesis pathway of aspergillus nidulans, acyl-coenzyme a:ipn acyltransferase (iat), is mediated by its atypical peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (pts1). however, mislocalization of iat by deletion of either its pts1 or of genes encoding proteins involved in peroxisome formation or transport does not completely abolish penicillin biosynthesis. this is in contrast to the effects of iat mislocalization in penicillium chrysogenum. | 2009 | 19151327 |
| indole prenyltransferases from fungi: a new enzyme group with high potential for the production of prenylated indole derivatives. | prenylated indole derivatives are hybrid natural products containing both aromatic and isoprenoid moieties and are widely spread in plants, fungi and bacteria. some of these complex natural products, e.g. the ergot alkaloids ergotamine and fumigaclavine c as well as the diketopiperazine derivative fumitremorgin c and its biosynthetic precursors tryprostatin a and b, show a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. prenyl transfer reactions catalysed by prenyltransferases represent ... | 2009 | 19149573 |
| the 2008 update of the aspergillus nidulans genome annotation: a community effort. | the identification and annotation of protein-coding genes is one of the primary goals of whole-genome sequencing projects, and the accuracy of predicting the primary protein products of gene expression is vital to the interpretation of the available data and the design of downstream functional applications. nevertheless, the comprehensive annotation of eukaryotic genomes remains a considerable challenge. many genomes submitted to public databases, including those of major model organisms, contai ... | 2009 | 19146970 |
| inactivation of the lipoxygenase zmlox3 increases susceptibility of maize to aspergillus spp. | plant and fungal lipoxygenases (lox) catalyze the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, creating fatty-acid hydroperoxides (oxylipins). fungal oxylipins are required for normal fungal development and secondary metabolism, and plant host-derived oxylipins interfere with these processes in fungi, presumably by signal mimicry. the maize lox gene zmlox3 has been implicated previously in seed-aspergillus interactions, so we tested the interactions of a mutant maize line (lox3-4, in which zmlox3 i ... | 2009 | 19132874 |
| alternative processing of proproteins in aspergilli kexb gene disruptants under hyperosmotic conditions. | disruption of the kexb gene encoding a subtilisin-like processing protease in aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus nidulans led to remarkable morphological defects, and these phenotypes were suppressed under hyperosmotic conditions. in this study, we investigated to determine whether non-kexb proteases might complement the in vivo function of kexb in the two aspergillus kexb disruptants. neither overexpression of opsa or opsb encoding a. oryzae aspartyl proteases homologous to yeast yapsins (yps1/ ... | 2009 | 19129662 |
| response to hypoxia, reduction of electron acceptors, and subsequent survival by filamentous fungi. | filamentous fungi usually inhabit normoxic environments by utilizing oxygen as a substrate for respiration and for the biosynthesis of some essential cellular components. this review examines the metabolic mechanisms used by filamentous fungi under oxygen-limited (hypoxic) conditions. denitrification is one mechanism through which fusarium oxysporum and other fungi reduce nitrate or nitrite to nitrous oxide, generating nitric oxide as a reaction intermediate. the involvement of cytochrome p450no ... | 2009 | 19129650 |
| atazg1 and atazg2 comprise a novel family of purine transporters in arabidopsis. | in plants, nucleobase biochemistry is highly compartmented relying upon a well-regulated and selective membrane transport system. in arabidopsis two proteins, atazg1 and atazg2, show substantial amino acid sequence similarity to the adenine-guanine-hypoxanthine transporter azga of aspergillus nidulans. analysis of single and double mutant lines harboring t-dna insertion alleles atazg1-1 and atazg2-1 reveal a marked resistance to growth in the presence of 8-azaadenine and 8-azaguanine but not to ... | 2009 | 19121308 |
| effects of conidia of various aspergillus species on apoptosis of human pneumocytes and bronchial epithelial cells. | aspergillus species can cause mycoses in human and animals. previously, we demonstrated that a. fumigatus conidia from a human isolate inhibited apoptosis in human pneumocytes and bronchial epithelial cells. in the current study, we studied the effects of a. fumigatus conidia non-human origin and a. flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger and a. oryzae conidia on human cells apoptosis. human pneumocytes or bronchial epithelial cells were simultaneously exposed to apoptotic inductors and aspergilli conidia ... | 2009 | 19117118 |
| construction of a citrinin gene cluster expression system in heterologous aspergillus oryzae. | filamentous fungi are considered an attractive resource for the discovery and production of bioactive compounds. to facilitate molecular breeding, biosynthetic genes must be rapidly identified. but, even after the chemical structure of a compound is identified, finding the corresponding biosynthetic genes in the fungal genome still remains a challenge. in an attempt to overcome this difficulty and to easily characterize each gene in a cluster, we constructed a heterologous expression system usin ... | 2008 | 19111642 |
| occurrence and relevance of filamentous fungi in respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis--a review. | the colonization of airways by filamentous fungi and the development of respiratory infections require some predisposing factors as encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). indeed, the defective mucociliary clearance which characterizes the disease is associated with local immunological disorders. in addition, the prolonged therapy with antibiotics and the use of corticosteroid treatments also facilitate fungal growth. an important fungal biota has been described in respiratory secreti ... | 2009 | 19107638 |
| overexpression of the chitosanase gene in fusarium solani via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. | to overexpress the chitosanase gene (csn) in f. solani, a vector based on pcambia 1300 was constructed. the csn gene, which is under control of the aspergillus nidulans gpda promoter and a. nidulans trpc terminator, was introduced back into the f. solani genome by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, and the herbicide-resistance gene bar from streptomyces hygroscopicus was used as the selection marker. transformants which showed a significant increase in chitosanase production (app ... | 2009 | 19093150 |
| purine utilization by klebsiella oxytoca m5al: genes for ring-oxidizing and -opening enzymes. | the enterobacterium klebsiella oxytoca uses a variety of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources, including purines, nitrogen-rich compounds that are widespread in the biosphere. we have identified a 23-gene cluster that encodes the enzymes for utilizing purines as the sole nitrogen source. growth and complementation tests with insertion mutants, combined with sequence comparisons, reveal functions for the products of these genes. here, we report our characterization of 12 genes, one encoding gua ... | 2009 | 19060149 |
| physiological involvement in ph signaling of vps24-mediated recruitment of aspergillus palb cysteine protease to escrt-iii. | activation of the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor pacc, which mediates ambient ph regulation of gene expression and is recruited to escrt-iii by the vps32-interacting scaffold pala, involves its ambient ph-dependent c-terminal proteolysis. this reaction is almost certainly catalyzed by the palb calpain-like protease. here we show that palb associates with membranes and interacts specifically and directly with escrt-iii vps24. the palb n-terminal mit domain and the vps24 c-terminal mim ... | 2009 | 19056728 |
| roles of the aspergillus nidulans homologues of tup1 and ssn6 in chromatin structure and cell viability. | for three different carbon catabolite repressible promoters, alca, alcr and the bidirectional promoter prnd-prnb, a deletion of rcoa, the aspergillus nidulans homologue of tup1, does not result in carbon catabolite derepression. surprisingly, it results in disruption of the chromatin default structure of alcr and prnd-prnb promoters. in these promoters, and at variance with the wild type, repression occurs in the absence of nucleosome positioning. for alcr, repression occurs together with a nucl ... | 2008 | 19054105 |
| proteomic analysis of aspergillus nidulans cultured under hypoxic conditions. | the fungus aspergillus nidulans reduces nitrate to ammonium and simultaneously oxidizes ethanol to acetate to generate atp under hypoxic conditions in a mechanism called ammonia fermentation (takasaki, k. et al.. j. biol. chem. 2004, 279, 12414-12420). to elucidate the mechanism, the fungus was cultured under normoxic and hypoxic (ammonia fermenting) conditions, intracellular proteins were resolved by 2-de, and 332 protein spots were identified using maldi ms after tryptic digestion. alcohol and ... | 2009 | 19053082 |
| systems analysis unfolds the relationship between the phosphoketolase pathway and growth in aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans is an important model organism for studies on fundamental eukaryotic cell biology and on industrial processes due to its close relation to a. niger and a. oryzae. here we identified the gene coding for a novel metabolic pathway in a. nidulans, namely the phosphoketolase pathway, and investigated the role of an increased phosphoketolase activity. | 2008 | 19052639 |
| thematic issue: aspergillus genomics and beyond. preface. | 2009 | 19041727 | |
| the aspergillus nidulans kinesin-3 unca motor moves vesicles along a subpopulation of microtubules. | the extremely polarized growth form of filamentous fungi imposes a huge challenge on the cellular transport machinery, because proteins and lipids required for hyphal extension need to be continuously transported to the growing tip. recently, it was shown that endocytosis is also important for hyphal growth. here, we found that the aspergillus nidulans kinesin-3 motor protein unca transports vesicles and is required for fast hyphal extension. most surprisingly, unca-dependent vesicle movement oc ... | 2009 | 19037104 |
| antifungal activity of anidulafungin, a product of aspergillus nidulans, against aspergillus nidulans. | anidulafungin is a semisynthetic product originating from aspergillus nidulans. the aim of this study was to determine whether this drug is active against a. nidulans strains. the minimum effective concentration (mec) of anidulafungin without and with 50% foetal calf serum was determined according to the clinical and laboratory standards microdilution method. all 13 a. nidulans strains were highly susceptible to anidulafungin, with a mec of 0.031mg/l. the presence of serum did not affect the in ... | 2009 | 19026523 |
| restoration of electron transport without proton pumping in mammalian mitochondria. | we have restored the coq oxidative capacity of mouse mtdna-less cells (rho degrees cells) by transforming them with the alternative oxidase aox of emericella nidulans. cotransforming rho degrees cells with the nadh dehydrogenase of saccharomyces cerevisiae, ndi1 and aox recovered the nadh dh/coq reductase and the coq oxidase activities. coq oxidation by aox reduces the dependence of rho degrees cells on pyruvate and uridine. coexpression of aox and ndi1 further improves the recycling of nad(+). ... | 2008 | 19020091 |
| the three fungal transmembrane nuclear pore complex proteins of aspergillus nidulans are dispensable in the presence of an intact an-nup84-120 complex. | in aspergillus nidulans nuclear pore complexes (npcs) undergo partial mitotic disassembly such that 12 npc proteins (nups) form a core structure anchored across the nuclear envelope (ne). to investigate how the npc core is maintained, we affinity purified the major core an-nup84-120 complex and identified two new fungal nups, an-nup37 and an-elys, previously thought to be vertebrate specific. during mitosis the an-nup84-120 complex locates to the ne and spindle pole bodies but, unlike vertebrate ... | 2009 | 19019988 |
| quality evaluation of co-composted wheat straw, poultry droppings and oil seed cakes. | poultry droppings, neem cake, castor cake, jatropha cake and grass clippings were used separately as organic nitrogen additives to decrease the high c:n ratio of wheat straw. composting was carried out aerobically in presence of fungal consortium developed by including aspergillus awamori, aspergillus nidulans, trichoderma viride and phanerochaete chrysosporium. the degraded product was characterized to assess the technical viability of organic nitrogen supplements as well as fungal consortium i ... | 2009 | 19015937 |
| transcription regulation of the pbgp43 gene by nitrogen in the human pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | we show indirect evidences for the possible involvement of nit2-like binding motifs in transcription modulation of the pbgp43 gene, which codes for an important antigen from the human fungal pathogen paracoccidioides brasiliensis. this investigation was motivated by the finding of 23 nit2-like sites within the proximal -2047 nucleotides of the pbgp43 5' intergenic region from the pb339 isolate. they compose four clusters, two of them identical. we found four nit2-containing probes that were posi ... | 2009 | 19013535 |
| genetic regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis: from gene to genome. | aflatoxins are notorious toxic secondary metabolites known for their impacts on human and animal health, and their effects on the marketability of key grain and nut crops. understanding aflatoxin biosynthesis is the focus of a large and diverse research community. concerted efforts by this community have led not only to a well-characterized biosynthetic pathway, but also to the discovery of novel regulatory mechanisms. common to secondary metabolism is the clustering of biosynthetic genes and th ... | 2009 | 19010433 |
| aspergillus nidulans flbe is an upstream developmental activator of conidiation functionally associated with the putative transcription factor flbb. | aspergillus nidulans switches from vegetative growth to conidiation when aerial hyphae make contact with the atmosphere, or are subjected to specific environmental stress. the activation of the central conidiation pathway led by the transcription factor brla is a critical milestone in this morphogenetic transition. a number of upstream developmental activators (udas), expressed in vegetative cells, are required for this process to occur in conjunction with cessation of vegetative growth. mutants ... | 2009 | 19007409 |
| functional analysis of c2h2 zinc finger transcription factor crza involved in calcium signaling in aspergillus nidulans. | calcium signaling systems are widely employed in eukaryotes and are implicated in the regulation of diverse biological processes. calcineurin is an important signaling component, which mediates ion homeostasis and virulence in several fungi. based on intensive studies conducted on budding yeast, transcription factor crz1p is thought to be a target of calcineurin. to provide insight into calcium signaling, a crz1p homolog (crza) in a filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans was identified and its ... | 2008 | 19002465 |
| long-distance movement of aspergillus nidulans early endosomes on microtubule tracks. | in fungal hyphal cells, intracellular membrane trafficking is constrained by the relatively long intracellular distances and the mode of growth, exclusively by apical extension. endocytosis plays a key role in hyphal tip growth, which involves the coupling of secretory membrane delivery to the apical region with subapical compensatory endocytosis. however, the identity, dynamics and function of filamentous fungal endosomal compartments remain largely unexplored. aspergillus nidulans raba(rab5) l ... | 2009 | 19000168 |
| a novel highly acidic beta-mannanase from the acidophilic fungus bispora sp. mey-1: gene cloning and overexpression in pichia pastoris. | using degenerate polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and thermal asymmetric interlaced pcr, a 1,347-bp full-length complementary dna fragment encompassing the gene man5a, which encodes a 429-amino acid beta-mannanase with a calculated mass of 46.8 kda, was cloned from acidophilic bispora sp. mey-1. the deduced amino acid sequence (catalytic domain) displayed highest identity (54.1%) with the emericella nidulans endo-beta-1,4-d-mannanase, a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 5. recombinant man5 ... | 2009 | 18998121 |
| identification and characterization of the asperthecin gene cluster of aspergillus nidulans. | the sequencing of aspergillus genomes has revealed that the products of a large number of secondary metabolism pathways have not yet been identified. this is probably because many secondary metabolite gene clusters are not expressed under normal laboratory culture conditions. it is, therefore, important to discover conditions or regulatory factors that can induce the expression of these genes. we report that the deletion of sumo, the gene that encodes the small ubiquitin-like protein sumo in a. ... | 2008 | 18978088 |
| regulation of autolysis in aspergillus nidulans. | in terms of cell physiology, autolysis is the centerpiece of carbon-starving fungal cultures. in the filamentous fungus model organism aspergillus nidulans, the last step of carbon-starvation-triggered autolysis was the degradation of the cell wall of empty hyphae, and this process was independent of concomitantly progressing cell death at the level of regulation. autolysis-related proteinase and chitinase activities were induced via flug signaling, which initiates sporulation and inhibits veget ... | 2008 | 18975147 |
| analysis and prediction of gene splice sites in four aspergillus genomes. | several aspergillus fungal genomic sequences have been published, with many more in progress. obviously, it is essential to have high-quality, consistently annotated sets of proteins from each of the genomes, in order to make meaningful comparisons. we have developed a dedicated, publicly available, splice site prediction program called netaspgene, for the genus aspergillus. gene sequences from aspergillus fumigatus, the most common mould pathogen, were used to build and test our model. compared ... | 2009 | 18948220 |
| ph regulation of sterigmatocystin and aflatoxin biosynthesis in aspergillus spp. | abstract aflatoxin (af) and sterigmatocystin (st) are toxic secondary metabolites produced by the same biochemical pathway found in several aspergillus spp. the expression of the homologous st/af structural gene, stcu in a. nidulans and ver-1 in a. parasiticus, was affected by external ph of liquid growth media. both stcu and ver-1 mrnas appeared earlier and were expressed at higher levels in cultures grown in acidic media (ph 4 to 6) versus neutral (ph 7) and alkali (ph 8) media. transcript lev ... | 1997 | 18945083 |