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removal of carotene-like colored compounds by liquid-liquid extraction during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons analysis of plant tissue.plants contain a wide variety of chemicals, some of which may have similar chromatographic behavior to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). during solid phase extraction (spe) with si-gel for instance, the co-elution of carotene-like colored compounds with pahs has been observed. in this paper, liquid-liquid extraction was applied for the separation and subsequent analysis of pahs from plant extracts. pahs containing 2-6 rings, which include naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene ...200818001818
sequence variation of chalcone synthase gene in a spontaneous white-flower mutant of chinese cabbage-pak-choi.a spontaneous white-flower mutant of chinese cabbage-pak-choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinenesis, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinenesis) was found in our test fields, and all the plant characters except flower color were identical with wild type ones. we hypothesized that a mutational event had occurred in the gene coding for chalcone synthase (chs), the key enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. two genes, later designated bcchs and bcchs-wf, were isolated from wild type and mutant chinese cabbage- ...200817605003
[toxicological effects of omethoate on leaf photosystem ii of cole].after spraying different concentrations of two brands pesticide omethoate on cole (brassica campestris l.) leaves, the leaf chlorophyll a fluorescence transients were measured by a plant efficiency analyzer (pea), and the toxicological effects and rudimental dynamic courses of omethoate on the leaf photosystem ii (ps ii) were investigated by jip-test. the results showed that after spraying omethoate except at the concentration of 0.50% , the maximal efficiency of photochemistry (f(v)/f(m)) did n ...200819123372
characterization and functional analysis of a novel pcp gene bcmf5 from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino).brassica campestris male fertile 5 (bcmf5), a novel member of the pollen coat protein class a (pcp-a) gene family, was identified from brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino (chinese cabbage-pak-choi). temporal and spatial expression analysis showed that bcmf5 is a late-expressed pcp gene related to the process of determining pollen fertility. functional analysis by hairpin rna (hprna)-mediated rna interference also showed that the expression of bcmf5 is inhibited, which resulted in the lo ...200817945379
characterization of a putative pollen-specific arabinogalactan protein gene, bcmf8, from brassica campestris ssp. chinensis.the bcmf8 (brassica campestris male fertility 8) gene, possessing the features of 'classical' arabinogalactan protein (agp) was isolated from brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis, makino syn. b. rapa l. ssp. chinensis. this gene was highly abundant in the fertile flower buds but silenced in the sterile ones of genic male sterile a/b line ('zubajh97-01a/b') in b. campestris. expression patterns analysis suggested bcmf8 was a pollen-specific gene, whose transcript started to be expressed at the u ...200817786584
transcriptional differences between the male-sterile mutant bcms and wild-type brassica campestris ssp. chinensis reveal genes related to pollen development.a novel male-sterile mutant which lacks mature pollen, brassisa campestris male sterile (bcms), was identified in brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino (syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis). genetic analysis revealed that bcms was controlled by a single recessive mutation locus. genome-wide transcriptional profiling was performed on the flower buds of both the bcms mutant and the wild-type from which it originated, and profiling analysis indicated that there were numerous changes in gene expressi ...200818426481
functional analysis of a pollen-expressed polygalacturonase gene bcmf6 in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino).in our earlier work, a pollen-expressed polygalacturonase gene bcmf6 was isolated from floral bud of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) by cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) transcript profiling and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). to unravel the biological function of bcmf6 gene, the antisense fragment from the bcmf6 gene with a9 promoter and camv35s promoter was transferred into flowering chinese cabbage (b. campestris ssp. chinensis var ...200818415101
bcmf13, a new reproductive organ-specific gene from brassica rapa. ssp. chinensis, affects pollen development.a transcript-derived fragment (genbank accession number dn237920.1) accumulated in the wild-type flower buds of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis) was isolated and further investigated. the full length dna and cdna of the fragment were cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends. the gene, bcmf13, encodes a protein of 73 amino acids and is interrupted by an intron of 106 bp (genbank accession number ef158459). southern blot analysis reveale ...200817387632
impact of fermentation on phenolic compounds in leaves of pak choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. communis) and chinese leaf mustard (brassica juncea coss).four different cultivars of chinese brassica vegetables (two pak choi cultivars and two chinese leaf mustard cultivars) were fermented according to a traditional chinese method called pickling. the plant material was investigated before and after the fermentation procedure to determine the qualitative and quantitative changes in its polyphenols. a detailed description of the identified phenolic compounds of leaf mustard by hplc-esi-ms(n) is presented here for the first time, including hydroxycin ...200818078315
composition of the phyllospheric microbial populations on vegetable plants with different glucosinolate and carotenoid compositions.the plant phyllosphere is intensely colonized by a complex and highly diverse microbial population and shows pronounced plant-species-specific differences. the mechanisms and influencing factors determining whether and in which density microorganisms colonize plant phyllosphere tissues are not yet fully understood. one of the key influencing factors is thought to be phytochemical concentration and composition. therefore, correlations between various concentrations of individual glucosinolates an ...200818183453
free and bound phenolic compounds in leaves of pak choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. communis) and chinese leaf mustard (brassica juncea coss).eleven pak choi cultivars and two leaf mustard cultivars grown under field conditions in china were investigated for the free polyphenol content in their outer and inner leaves, as well as in their leaf blades and leaf stalks. in most cases, there were no significant differences between the hydroxycinnamic acid derivative and flavonoid derivative contents in the outer and inner leaves for the 13 cultivars. however, the contents of blades and stalks differed: hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids ...200826047268
effects of bt transgenic chinese cabbage on the herbivore mamestra brassicae (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and its parasitoid microplitis mediator (hymenoptera: braconidae).we investigated the effects of a diamondback moth-resistant chinese cabbage (brassica campestris subsp napus variety pekinensis makino), expressing the insecticidal protein cryla(c) toxin derived from bacillus thuringiensis, on the nontarget herbivore mamestra brassicae (l.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and its parasitoid wasp microplitis mediator (haliday) (hymenoptera: braconidae). a decreased survival rate at neonate stage was observed in m. brassicae when reared on bt cabbage, although overall d ...200818767720
chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.) does not improve glucose tolerance, serum insulin, or blood lipid profiles in a rat model of type-2 diabetes.the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a low (0.5%) and a high (2.0%) dietary dose of freeze-dried chinese cabbage (cc) (brassica campestris l.) powder in a type-2 diabetes (t2d) model of rats. five-week-old male sprague-dawley rats were fed a high fat (hf)-containing diet for 2 wk then randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals, namely: normal control (nc), diabetic control (dbc), chinese cabbage low (ccl, 0.5%), and chinese cabbage high (cch, 2.0%) groups. diabetes was ...200819021803
identification and preliminary analysis of a new pcp promoter from brassica rapa ssp. chinensis.the promoter of brassica campestris male fertile 5 (bcmf5), a pollen coat protein member, class a (pcp-a) gene family, was isolated from brassica rapa l. ssp. chinensis makino (chinese cabbage-pak-choi) by thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr). sequence analysis suggested that the 605-bp promoter of bcmf5 appears to be a pollen promoter. in an attempt to confirm the promoter activity of bcmf5 promoter, -609 to +3 bp and -377 to +3 bp fragments of the upstream sequenc ...200817851779
the ecology of bacillus thuringiensis on the phylloplane: colonization from soil, plasmid transfer, and interaction with larvae of pieris brassicae.seedlings of clover (triflorium hybridum) were colonized by bacillus thuringiensis when spores and seeds were co-inoculated into soil. both a strain isolated in the vegetative form from the phylloplane of clover, 2810-s-4, and a laboratory strain, hd-1, were able to colonize clover to a density of about 1000 cfu/g leaf when seeds were sown in sterile soil and to a density of about 300 cfu/g leaf in nonsterile soil. a strain lacking the characteristic insecticidal crystal proteins produced a simi ...200817973155
ethnoveterinary practices for the treatment of parasitic diseases in livestock in cholistan desert (pakistan).this study was conducted to document the ethnoveterinary medicinal (evm) practices for the treatment of different parasitic diseases of livestock in cholistan desert, pakistan.200818524514
quadratic form: a robust metric for quantitative comparison of flow cytometric histograms.comparison of fluorescence distributions is a fundamental part of the analysis of flow cytometric data. this approach is applied to detect differences between control and test sample and thus analyze a biological response. comparison of standard test samples over time provides an estimate of instrument stability for quality control. however, application of statistical methods of distribution comparison in flow cytometry is difficult owing to instrument noise and the complex shape of intensity di ...200818561196
protective effect of the cruciferous vegetable mustard leaf (brassica campestris) against in vivo chromosomal damage and oxidative stress induced by gamma-radiation and genotoxic chemicals.we evaluated the possible protective effect of the popular indian cruciferous vegetable mustard leaf (brassica campestris) against chromosomal damage and oxidative stress induced by gamma-radiation, cyclophosphamide (cph) and urethane (ure), in mice. in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test was performed to assess chromosomal damage, and oxidative stress was monitored by estimating the changes in lipid peroxidation and the status of glutathione (gsh) as well as redox cycle antioxidants. pretreatmen ...200818418865
[the pta29-barnase chimeric gene transformation of brassica campestris l. subsp. chinensis makino var. parachinensis mediated by agrobacterium].in order to induce male sterility of brassica campestris l. subsp. chinensis makino var. parachinensis, we introduced the chimeric pta29-barnase gene into it by agrobacteriumtume faciens transformation. we obtained the transgenic plants, and determined them by pcr, southern blotting and rt-pcr analysis. results indicated that the rnase (barnase) gene had been transferred into genome of plant, and its expression level was different among transformation plants. all transgenic plants were male ster ...200818724712
impact of sewage irrigation on speciation of nickel in soils and its accumulation in crops of industrial towns of punjab.analysis of soil samples collected from sewage and tube well irrigated soils of ludhiana, amritsar jalandhar and mandi gobindgarh, revealed that diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid extractable nickel ( dtpa-ni) was found to be higher in sewage fed soils. sewage irrigation increased soil dtpa-ni content by 3.04 times over the tube well irrigated soils. the content of dtpa-ni showed decreasing trend with depth. hydrogen concentration (ph) was negatively and significantly correlated with dtpa-ni n ...200819295085
[effects of silicon on flowering chinese cabbage's anthracnose occurence, flower stalk formation, and silicon uptake and accumulation].different concentrations of silicon (si) were applied to flowering chinese cabbbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. utilis tsen et lee) to study their effects on the flowering chinese cabbage's anthracnose occurrence, flower stalk formation, and si uptake and accumulation. the results indicated that si could obviously control the occurrence of anthracnose, and the effect was genotype-dependant. the plants of susceptible cultivar applied with 2.5 mmol l(-1) si and those of resistant c ...200818655585
the polygalacturonase gene bcmf2 from brassica campestris is associated with intine development.brassica campestris male fertility 2 (bcmf2) is a putative polygalacturonase (pg) gene previously isolated from the flower bud of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis). this gene was found to be expressed specifically in tapetum and pollen after the tetrad stage of anther development. antisense rna technology was used to study the function of bcmf2 in chinese cabbage. scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that there were defo ...200819039102
pyrimidinyl-substituted amides and thioureas: syntheses, crystal structure and herbicidal activities.the high herbicidal activities of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine and 2h-1,2,4-thiadiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives suggested the development of new fused heterocyclic compounds for application as herbicides.200818080290
[molecular cloning and characterization of bcmybogu, a novel member of the myb family involved in ogucms in brassica campestris ssp. chinensis].in the attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanism of cms. ogura cytoplasmic male sterile (ogucms) lines were obtained in chinese cabbage after interspecific hybridization between brassica. napus l. ogucms and b. campestris ssp. chinensis followed by recurrent backcross with b. campestris ssp. chinensis as the pollen donor. the cms lines were significantly characterized by the whitish anther and indehiscence of anther. the tapetal hypertrophy with excess vacuola-tion was the first observed defe ...200717548334
point mutations in cauliflower mosaic virus gene vi confer host-specific symptom changes.mutants of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) strain d4 have been characterized with regard to host-specific phenotypes that resulted from specific changes in the viral dna sequence. both the mutant and the wild-type viruses infect a brassicaceous host, brassica campestris, systemically, giving indistinguishable symptoms. however, in the solanaceous host datura stramonium, which was systemically infectible by the wild-type virus, mutants induced necrotic local lesions at 21 degrees c and above, and ...20072134858
first isolation of an antifungal lipid transfer peptide from seeds of a brassica species.an antifungal peptide with a molecular mass of 9412 and an n-terminal sequence exhibiting notable homology to those of lipid transfer proteins was isolated from seeds of the vegetable brassica campestris. the purification protocol entailed ion exchange chromatography on q-sepharose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel, ion exchange chromatography by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) on mono s, and gel filtration by fplc on a superdex peptide column. the antifungal peptide was ad ...200717692430
lipid transfer proteins from brassica campestris and mung bean surpass mung bean chitinase in exploitability.antifungal peptides with a molecular mass of 9 kda and an n-terminal sequence demonstrating remarkable similarity to those of nonspecific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) were isolated from seeds of the vegetable brassica campestris and the mung bean. the purified peptides exerted an inhibitory action on mycelial growth in various fungal species. the antifungal activity of brassica and mung bean nsltps were thermostable, ph-stable, and stable after treatment with pepsin and trypsin. in contrast, ...200717726719
coprinellus curtus (hitoyo-take) prevents diseases of vegetables caused by pathogenic fungi.a strain of coprinellus curtus (designated gm-21), a basidiomycete that suppressed bottom-rot disease of chinese cabbage, 'pak-choi' (brassica campestris), caused by the pathogen rhizoctonia solani pak-choi 2 was isolated. the mechanism of plant disease suppression was discovered to be hyphal interference, a combative fungal interaction between strain gm-21 and the pathogen. the antifungal spectrum of strain gm-21 was shown to include r. solani and fusarium sp., i.e. strain gm-21 showed disease- ...200717850327
decreased toxicity to terrestrial plants associated with a mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and its metabolite tert-butyl alcohol.the influence of the main fuel oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) and its key metabolite, tert-butyl alcohol (tba), on the growth of a plant seedling was studied separately and in combination. the test plants were mung bean (phaseolus radiatus), cucumber (cucumis sativus), wheat (triticum aestivum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor), kale (brassica alboglabra), chinese cabbage (brassica campestris), and sweet corn (zea mays). the growth of all the plants was adversely affected by tba and mtbe. the ...200717702346
effect of inclusion of tree leaves in feed on nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation in sheep.the effect of inclusion of tree leaves in mustard (brassica campestris) straw (ms) based complete feed blocks (cfb) on nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation was studied in adult male sheep. four types of cfb diets (roughage:concentrate:molasses, 70:25:5) were prepared. the compaction process increased bulk density (g/cm(3)) of msb, msnl, mssl and msal by 2.9, 1.79, 2.40 and 2.26 times, respectively. the dry matter intake (g/day) was higher (p<0.05) in mssl and msal than in msb. digestibili ...200716563748
a steroid fraction of chloroform extract from bee pollen of brassica campestris induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer pc-3 cells.bee pollen of brassica campestris l. is widely used in china as a natural food supplement and an herbal medicine in strengthening the body's resistance against diseases including cancer. the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of a steroid fraction of chloroform extract from bee pollen of brassica campestris l. on human cancer cell viability. our studies show that among nine cancer cell lines of different origin (pc-3, lncap, mcf-7, hela, bel-7402, bcg-823, kb, a549 and ho891 ...200717639562
enhanced tolerance to sulfur dioxide and salt stress of transgenic chinese cabbage plants expressing both superoxide dismutase and catalase in chloroplasts.to explore the possibility of overcoming the highly phytotoxic effect of so(2) and salt stress, we introduced the maize cu/znsod and/or cat genes into chloroplasts of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis cv. tropical pride) (referred to as sod, cat and sod+cat plants). sod+cat plants showed enhanced tolerance to 400 ppb so(2), and visible damage was one-sixth that of wild-type (ck) plants. in addition, when sod+cat plants were exposed to a high salt treatment of 200 mm nacl fo ...200717851086
effectiveness and stability of heterologous proteins expressed in plants by turnip mosaic virus vector at five different insertion sites.the n-terminal (nt) regions of particular protein-coding sequences are generally used for in-frame insertion of heterologous open reading frames (orfs) in potyviral vectors for protein expression in plants. an infectious cdna clone of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolate yc5 was engineered at the generally used nt regions of hc-pro and cp, and other possibly permissive sites to investigate their effectiveness to express the gfp (jellyfish green fluorescent protein) and der p 5 (allergen from the d ...200717689817
molecular and functional characterization of a cyclophilin with antifungal activity from chinese cabbage.an antifungal protein that inhibits the growth of filamentous fungal pathogens was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) by affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel and ion exchange chromatography on cm-sepharose. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein was highly homologous to that of plant cyclophilins and consequently the protein was denoted as c-cyp. to understand the antifungal activity of c-cyp, we isolated a cdna encoding its gene from a chin ...200717194440
pedobacter suwonensis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris).a mesophilic bacterium, strain 15-52(t), was isolated from the rhizosphere of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris). on the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, the bacterium was identified as representing a novel species belonging to the genus pedobacter. the strain is non-flagellated, non-spore-forming and grows at temperatures in the range 1-37 degrees c. physiological tests of the strain showed the presence of oxidase, catalase, protease (gelatin and casein hydrolysis), beta-gl ...200717329772
purification and characterization of an antifungal protein, c-fkbp, from chinese cabbage.an antifungal protein was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) by buffer-soluble extraction and two chromatographic procedures. the results of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry revealed that the isolated chinese cabbage protein was identical to human fk506-binding protein (fkbp). a cdna encoding fkbp was isolated from a chinese cabbage leaf cdna library and named c-fkbp. the open reading frame of the gene en ...200717550265
characterization of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase containing methylobacterium oryzae and interactions with auxins and acc regulation of ethylene in canola (brassica campestris).the possible interaction of the plant hormones auxin and ethylene and the role of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) deaminase containing bacteria on ethylene production in canola (brassica campestris) in the presence of inhibitory concentrations of growth regulators were investigated. the effects of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid), auxin transport inhibitor 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropionic acid, ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate and ...200717541630
design, synthesis, and quantitative structure-activity relationship study of herbicidal analogues of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3h)ones.a series of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazin-4(3h)one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their herbicidal activities where some of these compounds provided >80% control of brassica campestris at 10 microg/ml. quantitative structure-activity relationship studies were performed on these compounds using physicochemical parameters (electronic, verloop, or hydrophobic) as independent parameters and herbicidal activity as a dependent parameter, where herbicidal activity correlat ...200717300154
characterization of a novel gene, bcmf7, that is expressed preferentially in pollen of brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino.pollen formation is important for plant sexual reproduction. to identify the genes that are involved in pollen formation, we performed the genome-wide transcriptional profiling in the flower buds of both male meiotic cytokinesis (mmc) mutant and its wild-type plants of brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis, syn. b. rapa l. ssp. chinensis. cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) analysis showed that the mmc mutation resulted in changes in expression of a variety of genes. bcmf7, a ...200717653671
effects of soil properties on heavy metal accumulation in flowering chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. utilis tsen et lee) in pearl river delta, china.this study was conducted to investigate the effects of soil properties on the heavy metal accumulation in flowering chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. utilis tsen et lee) at the field scale. the concentrations of cadmium (cd), mercury (hg), and chromium (cr) in topsoil and vegetable samples from nanhai district of foshan city in the pearl river delta (prd) were analyzed. the results showed that 56.5% of the soil samples exceeded the grade ii of the chinese soil environme ...200717365337
bcmf11, a putative pollen-specific non-coding rna from brassica campestris ssp. chinensis.a full-length cdna, bcmf11, has been cloned from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) using rapid amplification of the cdna ends (race) based on a pollen-specific cdna fragment (dn237921). the bcmf11 cdna has a total length of 828bp with poly (a) tail. analysis of the sequence demonstrated that bcmf11 is a novel non-coding rna which has no prominent open reading frame (orf) or coding capacity. no significant similarities were observed between bcmf11 and previously publi ...200717207554
[genetic model analysis of leaf-weight traits in non-heading chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino)].the mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to analyze the genetics of leafblade-weight and petiole-weight trait in sixqiu017 of non-heading chinese cabbage. the results showed that the leafblade-weight trait was controlled by one pair of negative complete dominant major genes plus additive-dominant polygene (d-4). the additive effect in the major gene was 1.8991, the dominant effect was -1.8991; the additive effect in the polygene was -1.2934, and the dominant effect was 1.793 ...200717855268
identification of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in pak choi varieties (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. communis) by hplc-esi-msn and nmr and their quantification by hplc-dad.twenty-eight polyphenols (11 flavonoid derivatives and 17 hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives) were detected in different cultivars of the chinese cabbage pak choi ( brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. communis) by hplc-dad-esi-ms(n). kaempferol was found to be the major flavonoid in pak choi, glycosylated and acylated with different compounds. smaller amounts of isorhamnetin were also detected. a structural determination was carried out by (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy for the main compou ...200717848079
ozone affects gas exchange, growth and reproductive development in brassica campestris (wisconsin fast plants).exposure to ozone (o(3)) may affect vegetative and reproductive development, although the consequences for yield depend on the effectiveness of the compensatory processes induced. this study examined the impact on reproductive development of exposing brassica campestris (wisconsin fast plants) to ozone during vegetative growth. plants were exposed to 70 ppb ozone for 2 d during late vegetative growth or 10 d spanning most of the vegetative phase. effects on gas exchange, vegetative growth, repro ...200717803646
[study on the spectrum response of brassica campestris l leaf to the zinc pollution].in the present paper, the spectrum response of brassica campestris l leaf to the stress of heavy metal zinc pollution was studied in three spectral rangess of the red edge position (680-740 nm), the visible spectrum (460-680 nm) and the near infrared spectrum (750-1000 nm). the results indicate that the zn content in cabbage leaves increases and the chlorophyll level reduces with the increase in zn concentration in soil. with the zn content of brassica campestris l leaves increasing, the leaf sp ...200718051532
evaluation of different phosphate amendments on availability of metals in contaminated soil.a pot trial was conducted to assess the efficiency of p-induced metal immobilization in soils. natural hydroxyapatite (ha), phosphate rock (pr), triple-superphosphate (tsp), and diammonium phosphate (dap) were evaluated for their ability to reduce cadmium (cd), lead (pb), and zinc (zn) bioavailability in an artificially metal-contaminated soil with three addition levels: t0 (without metals added), t1 (cd/pb/zn:0.6/100/66 mgkg(-1)), and t2 (cd/pb/zn: 1.5/300/200 mgkg(-1)). phosphate compounds wer ...200716887186
selective separation of peptides contained in a rapeseed (brassica campestris l.) protein hydrolysate using uf/nf membranes.the ability of a charged uf membrane to fractionate the small peptides found in a rapeseed protein enzymatic hydrolysate, according to their charge characteristics, was investigated. the complexity of such a hydrolysate has required the setting up of technological alternatives to isolate the small peptides, to obtain a more efficient separation among the numerous peptide species. a preliminary step consisted of precipitation followed by filtration with a 3000 g/mol molecular weight cutoff (mwco) ...200619127728
[expression of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis of 'tsuda' turnip].'tsuda' turnip (brassica campestris l. ssp. rapa), in which roots anthocyanin pigmentation is light-sensitive, was used as the material. 'tsuda' plants were held in darkness or irradiated with sun light and constant light for different time. anthocyanins in root peel of 'tsuda' turnip exposed to constant light were identified and quantified with a uv-visual spectrophotometer. the results demonstrated that the anthocyanins accumulation in 'tsuda' was related with light-exposure time (fig.1 and ta ...200617075183
[rna fingerprinting of the differential expression fragments related to cytoplasmic male sterility in chinese cabbage].in order to investigate the differential expression of the genes related to cytoplasmic male sterility in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. penkinsis), a modified rna fingerprinting technique was developed to compare the difference in the total rna from flower bud of chinese cabbage among cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) lines, maintainer lines and f1 hybrids. four stably differential fragments s47-412, s93-622, s176-343 and s199-904 were amplified, cloned and sequenced with primers s ...200617035188
[atpase distribution in fertile and sterile anther of a genic male sterile chinese cabbage].lead precipitation technique was used to locate adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) in the fertile and sterile anthers of a genic male sterile chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino var. communis tsen et lee),which would help us to understand the relationship between atpase and sterility of anthers of the cabbage. at megaspore mother cell (mmc) of fertile anther many atpase reactive precipitates were located in nucleus but few of the precipitates in cytoplasm of the cell. me ...200616955789
non-host plant extracts reduce oviposition of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and enhance parasitism by its parasitoid cotesia plutellae (hymenoptera: braconidae).botanical preparations, usually from non-host plants, can be used to manipulate the behaviour of insect pests and their natural enemies. in this study, the effects of extracts of chrysanthemum morifolium, a non-host plant of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linnaeus), on the olfactory and oviposition responses of this phytophagous insect and on levels of parasitism by its specialist parasitoid cotesia plutellae (kurdjumov) were examined, using chinese cabbage brassica campestris l. ssp ...200616923205
bcxth1, a brassica campestris homologue of arabidopsis xth9, is associated with cell expansion.xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (xths) are a group of the enzymes that are responsible for reorganization of the cellulose-xyloglucan framework by catalyzing cleavage and religation of the xyloglucan chains in the plant cell wall. in this study, we report the isolation and characterization of a xth gene from a pistil cdna library of brassica campestris. sequence analysis of the gene, designated bcxth1, revealed that it is homologous to the xth9 gene of arabidopsis. the highly conserve ...200616322981
functional analysis of a novel male fertility cyp86mf gene in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino).in our earlier work, a cytochrome p450 cyp86mf gene was isolated from floral bud of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino, syn. b. rapa l.) by mrna differential display pcr (dd-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). to unravel the biological function of cyp86mf gene, the antisense fragment from the cyp86mf gene was transferred into chinese cabbage pak-choi (b. campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis tsen et lee). out of 22 plants transformed with the antisense ...200616075226
synthesis and herbicidal activity of novel 3-aminocarbonyl-2-oxazolidinethione derivatives containing a substituted pyridine ring.a series of 3-aminocarbonyl-2-oxazolidinethione derivatives containing a substituted pyridine ring were designed and synthesized. the structures of all of the title compounds were characterized by 1h nmr, 13c nmr, ir, and hrms. their agricultural bioactivities were evaluated, and some of these compounds exhibited good herbicidal activities against echinochloa crusgalli, sorghum vulgare, digitaria sanguinalis, eclipta prostrasta, cucumis sativus, and brassica campestris, which were associated mai ...200616390188
cadmium phytotoxicity: quantitative sensitivity relationships between classical endpoints and antioxidative enzyme biomarkers.in this work, cadmium phytotoxicity and quantitative sensitivity relationships between different hierarchical endpoints in plants cultivated in a contaminated soil were studied. thus, germination rate, biomass growth and antioxidative enzyme activity (i.e. superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase) in three terrestrial plants (avena sativa l., brassica campestris l. cv. chinensis, lactuca sativa l. cv. hanson) were analyzed. plant growth tests were carried out accordin ...200615982719
[feeding preference of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) larva to its hosts].the feeding experiment with different sorts of brassica vegetable crops showed that plutella xylostella larva preferred the seedlings of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l.), radish (raphanus sativus l.) and caixin (brassica campestris l.) to those of rape (brassica napus l.) and cabbage (brassica olereacea l.), with a selection proportion of 93.33% and 6.67% between chinese cabbage and rape, and of 16.67% and 83.33% between cabbage and caixin. on the whole, the feeding preference of p. xylo ...200616964942
regulation of ethylene levels in canola (brassica campestris) by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase-containing methylobacterium fujisawaense.we report the presence of acc deaminase in methylobacterium fujisawaense and its lowering of ethylene levels and promotion of root elongation in canola seedlings under gnotobiotic conditions. to test a part of the previous model proposed for acc deaminase producing bacteria with methylobacterium, acc levels and various enzyme activities were monitored in canola. lower amounts of acc were present in the tissues of seeds treated with m. fujisawaense strains than in control seeds treated with mgso( ...200616416316
[bcmf4 gene, encoding a leucine-rich repeat protein, plays a role in male fertility in chinese cabbage-pak-choi].the bcmf4 (brassica campestris male fertility 4) gene was previously isolated from the fertile b line of chinese cabbage-pak-choi (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis, syn. b. rapa ssp. chinensis var. communis). in the present paper, based on the cdna sequence of bcmf4, primers were designed and used to amplify two fragments from the cdna of flower buds of chinese cabbage-pak-choi. two produced fragments were introduced separately into binary vector pbi121 in antisense and sense ori ...200617098713
dna sequences of self-incompatibility genes from brassica campestris and b. oleracea: polymorphism predating speciation. 20061893115
a ceramide and cerebroside from the starfish asterias amurensis lütken and their plant-growth promotion activities.the new phytosphingosine-type ceramide asteriaceramide a (1) and glucocerebroside asteriacerebroside g (2), together with two known cerebrosides, asteriacerebrosides a and b, were isolated from lipophilic fractions of the whole bodies of the northern pacific starfish asterias amurensis lütken. the water-soluble fraction afforded two known asterosaponins, glycoside b(2) and asterosaponin-1. the structures of 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as (2s,3s,4r, ...200616872149
use of the polymerase chain reaction to isolate an s-locus glycoprotein cdna introgressed from brassica campestris into b. napus ssp. oleifera.a self-incompatible canola-quality brassica napus ssp. oleifera line (w1) was generated by introgressing the s-locus from a self-incompatible b. campestris plant into the westar cultivar. using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with primers derived from conserved regions in s-locus glycoprotein (slg) alleles, the central region of the active slg gene (910) was obtained. the remaining portions of the cdna for this 910 gene were subsequently cloned using the pcr-rapid amplification of cdna ends ...20061508146
overexpression of a eukaryotic glutathione reductase gene from brassica campestris improved resistance to oxidative stress in escherichia coli.glutathione reductase (gr) plays an essential role in a cell's defense against reactive oxygen metabolites by sustaining the reduced status of an important antioxidant glutathione. we constructed a recombinant plasmid based on the expression vector pet-18a that overexpresses a eukaryotic gr from brassica campestris (bcgr) in escherichia coli. for comparative analyses, e. coli gr (ecgr) was also subcloned in the same manner. the transformed e. coli with the recombinant constructs accumulated a hi ...200515596144
rhizosphere competent pseudomonas aeruginosa grc1 produces characteristic siderophore and enhances growth of indian mustard (brassica campestris).pseudomonas aeruginosa grc1, an isolate of potato rhizosphere, was known to have several plant growth-promoting activities, including production of phytohormone and antibiotic substance. the isolate was found to have prolific production ability of hydroxamate siderophore in iron-deficient conditions. the siderophore of grc1 was purified and characterized. the purified siderophore appeared to be of pyoverdin type with typical amino acid composition. in field trials, p. aeruginosa grc1 enhanced th ...200516211433
municipal sludge-induced phytotoxicity.municipal sludge (ms), containing various types of environmental pollutants, can exert phytotoxic effects in plants. seed germination, chlorophyll content, plant weight, root and shoot growth, and metal levels, were measured as endpoints to assess the phytotoxic effects of leachates of ms from lucknow city in three plants, triticum aestivum, brassica campestris and phaseolus aureus. among the five metals analysed, lead was found to be present at the highest concentration, and chromium at the low ...200516268761
microbial succession associated with organic matter decomposition during thermophilic composting of organic waste.using dog food as a model of the organic waste, thermophilic composting was carried out for 14 days at a fixed temperature of 60 degrees c. the relationship between organic matter decomposition measured by co2 evolution during the bio-stabilization process and microbial succession expressed as the changes over time in the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns of 16s rdna sequences, of micro-organisms associated with the composting material was also examined. the co2 evolution ...200515751395
role of nitrification inhibitor dmpp (3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate) in no(3-)-n accumulation in greengrocery( brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis) and vegetable soil.the influence of nitrification inhibitor (ni) 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (dmpp) on nitrate accumulation in greengrocery (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis) and vegetable soil at surface layer were investigated in field experiments in 2002 and 2003. results showed that ni dmpp took no significant effect on yields of edible parts of greengrocery, but it could significantly decrease no(3-)-n concentration in greengrocery and in vegetable soil at surface layer. in addition, ni dmpp could re ...200515900763
[the ultrastructural observation of anthers of chinese cabbage's mail-sterility].the fertile and sterile anthers of a chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) were observed using electron microscope to find the ultrastructural feature of sterile anthers. the earliest abnormal phenomenon in sterile anther was nucleolus of sporogenous cells locating in the edge of nucleus. during microspore mother cell development, callus wall surrounding the cell displayed uneven in the thick ness and was discontinuous,and the some cytoplasm leaked out of the cell from s ...200516416967
[calcium distribution in fertile and sterile anthers of a genic male sterile chinese cabbage].potassium antimonite was used to locate calcium in the fertile and sterile anthers of a genic male sterile chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) to probe the relation between ca(2+) and fertility and sterility of anthers of the cabbage. during fertile anther development, calcium granules increase in number in anther wall cells after meiosis, and then appeared also in locule, suggesting a calcium influx into locule from anther wall cells (plate i-4). then the number of ca ...200516361789
allelopathic effects of volatile monoterpenoids produced by salvia leucophylla: inhibition of cell proliferation and dna synthesis in the root apical meristem of brassica campestris seedlings.salvia leucophylla, a shrub observed in coastal south california, produces several volatile monoterpenoids (camphor, 1,8-cineole, beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, and camphene) that potentially act as allelochemicals. the effects of these were examined using brassica campestris as the test plant. camphor, 1,8-cineole, and beta-pinene inhibited germination of b. campestris seeds at high concentrations, whereas alpha-pinene and camphene did not. root growth was inhibited by all five monoterpenoids in a ...200516124241
molecular cloning and characterization of nucleoside diphosphate (ndp) kinases from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris).nucleoside diphosphate kinases (ndpks) are key metabolic enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of non-adenosine nucleoside triphosphates (ntp) by transfer of the terminal phosphate between ndp and ntp. recently we isolated three ndpk cdnas from chinese cabbage cdna library. bcndk1 has 636 bp and encodes a putative 17.4 kda protein, bcndk2 has 854 bp and encodes a putative 25.5 kda protein, and bcndk3 is 986 bp long and encodes a putative 25.7 kda protein. the precursor proteins of bcndk2 and bcndk ...200415055533
molecular cloning of the monodehydroascorbate reductase gene from brassica campestris and analysis of its mrna level in response to oxidative stress.in a majority of living organisms, a fundamental protection mechanism from reactive oxygen species is by the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in which an important antioxidant, ascorbate (vitamin c), is utilized to convert harmful h2o2 to h2o. monodehydroascorbate reductase (mdhar) maintains reduced pools of ascorbate by recycling the oxidized form of ascorbate. by screening a brassica campestris cdna library, we identified a b. campestris mdhar cdna (bcmdhar) which encodes a polypeptide of 434 amino ...200415450955
antioxidants from rape (brassica campestris vir. japonica hara) oil cake.a simple but novel compound, s-1-methoxy-1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, was isolated as a moderately antioxidative compound from rape (brassica campestris l. subsp. napus) oil cake together with 5 known compounds. three of these compounds, indolacetonitrile, 4-hydroxyindolacetonitrile, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, showed strong antioxidative activity evaluated by the ferric thiocyanate method.200415143833
expression analysis of the pistil genes in controlling self-incompatibility of brassica campestris by co2 gas using microarray.in brassica campestris, self-incompatibility (si) can be overcome by co2 gas treatment. previously, we reported inhibition of the si in the brassica campestris line, 734, by co2 gas. in this study, we used a cdna microarray comprising 1,184 unique cdna ests from a pistil-specific cdna library of the brassica line to examine the expression of the pistil genes in response to co2. microarray analysis revealed that expression of 2% of the pistil genes was altered by exposure to co2 gas. surprisingly ...200415359129
the recognition of glycolate oxidase apoprotein with flavin analogs in higher plants.the dependence of glycolate oxidase apoprotein (apogo) activity on flavin analogs was surveyed in 9 higher plants from 7 families. activities of all apogos depended not only on flavin mononucleotide (fmn) but also on flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad), but not on riboflavin. the kinetic analysis showed that fmn was the optimum cofactor for apogo from leaves of brassica campestris. in plant kingdom, fmn, fad and riboflavin are three flavin analogs with very similar structure, and they could coexis ...200415253155
[component and content changes of volatiles from chinese cabbage damaged by plutella xylostella].the study showed that chinese cabbage, brassica campestris could release a variety of volatiles, especially when infested by plutella xylostella larvae. among these volatiles, saturated hydrocarbon was dominant, aromatic hydrocarbon was the second, and unsaturated hydrocarbon, aldehyde, alcohol, ketone, acid and heteroaromatic compounds were existed with a small amount. chinese cabbage damaged by plutella xylostella larvae produced 3 times of volatiles in amount with more species than the contro ...200415707333
plant wounding affects the oviposition of hellula undalis(f.). the impact of leaf chemistry.crucifer specialists, such as the tropical pest hellula undalis (f.), developed a close association to their hosts and depend on characteristic secondary plant compounds, the glucosinolates (gs), in many cases. following tissue damage, gs undergo hydrolysis catalyzed by the enzyme myrosinase to produce a complex array of products which include isothiocyantes, cyanides, and thiocyanates depending on reaction condition and the chemical nature of the side chain. we found that mechanical plant damag ...200415759429
[establishment of an efficient regeneration system for chinese cabbage cultured in vitro and histological observation of shoot development].an efficient plant regeneration system from explants of petiole with cotyledon was developed for chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp. chinensis makino) in our study. high frequency of shoot regeneration was obtained in the medium containing bap 2 mg/l, naa 0.45 mg/l and 5-7.5 mg/l agno3 solution to the half of nh4+ concentration's ms basic medium, with 84.3 percent being the highest frequency of shoot regeneration in seven chinese cabbage cultivars and one parentage, and the new formed shoo ...200415259989
[the cytochemical observation of anthers of chinese cabbage's male-sterile].a chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino) produces 1/4 male sterile and 3/4 fertility in offspring. the sterile plant can be identified from the color of corolla that is some white when it grows out. the fertile and sterile anthers were researched using cytological and cytochemical methods. thick sections of both anthers of different developmental stages were stained with toluidine blue for general cytological observation and stained with the periodic-acid-schiff's (pas) t ...200415511072
genotypic differences in effects of cadmium exposure on plant growth and contents of cadmium and elements in 14 cultivars of bai cai.fourteen cultivars of bai cai (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. communis) were grown in the nutrient solutions containing 0-0.5 microg ml(-1) of cadmium (cd) to investigate genotypic differences in the effects of cd exposure on the plant growth and uptake and distribution of cd in bai cai plants. the cd exposure significantly reduced the dry and fresh weights of roots and shoots, the dry weight ratio of shoot/root (s/r), total biomass, and chlorophyll content (spad value). cd concentra ...200415473646
chemical changes induced by methyl jasmonate in oilseed rape grown in the laboratory and in the field.the effect of methyl jasmonate (mj) spraying on the chemistry of brassica plants was investigated. glucosinolates (gls) in the leaves, stems, and roots of laboratory-grown oilseed rape (brassica rapa subsp. oleifera cv. tuli and valo) 3 and 7 days after mj treatment were analyzed. volatile organic compounds (vocs) from whole oilseed rape plants were collected 3 days after mj treatment. gls were also analyzed from field-grown oilseed rape (cv. valo) treated with mj. the production of indolyl gls ...200415675811
elevated atmospheric co(2) affects the chemical quality of brassica plants and the growth rate of the specialist, plutella xylostella, but not the generalist, spodoptera littoralis.cabbage, brassica oleracea subsp. capitata (cv. lennox and rinda), and oilseed rape, brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (cv. valo and tuli), plants were grown under ambient co(2) (360 ppm) or elevated co(2) (720 ppm) at 23/18 degrees c and under a photoperiod of 22/2 h light (250 micromol m(-)(2) s(-)(1))/dark regime for up to 5 weeks. afterward, the performance of the crucifer specialist plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and the generalist spodoptera littoralis (lepidoptera: noctuidae) ...200415212467
[isolation and characterization of bcmf3, a gene expressed only in maintainer line in chinese cabbage-pak-choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino var. communis tsen et lee)].expression profiling was performed using cdna-aflp technology on floral buds of a genic male sterile line (a line) and a maintainer line (b line) in chinese cabbage pak-choi (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis makino var. communis tsen et lee cv. aijiaohuang). a differentially expressed cdna fragment, ba18-t16, was obtained via selective amplification with a18/t16 primer pair. ba18-t16 was specifically associated with the maintainer line, and was expressed only in floral buds revealed by half ...200415651684
cdna cloning and characterization of enolase from chinese cabbage, brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis.an enolase-encoding cdna clone from chinese cabbage, brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, was isolated. this gene (accession number: ay307448) had a total length of 1580bp with an open reading frame of 1335bp, and encoded a predicted polypeptide of 444 amino acids with a molecular weight of 47.38 kda. the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence shared identity with a number of enolases ranging from bacillus subtilis to human beings and had much higher identity with other plant enolases than with enolas ...200415354355
effects of the fermentation product of herbs by lactic acid bacteria against phytopathogenic filamentous fungi and on the growth of host plants.the fermentation product of herbs by lactic acid bacteria (fhl) was assayed for antifungal activities against rosellinia necatrix, helicobasidium mompa, fusarium oxysporum, pythium graminicola and pyricularia oryzae. fhl completely inhibited the growth of r. necatrix, h. mompa, p. graminicola and p. oryzae, and reduced the growth of f. oxysporum by 35%. when the seeds of medicago sativa l. (alfalfa), asparagus officinalis l. (asparagus), brassica campestris l. (komatsuna), oryza sativa l. (rice) ...200416233688
laboratory evaluations of a wild crucifer barbarea vulgaris as a management tool for the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae).the term 'dead-end trap cropping' has recently been proposed to identify a plant that is highly attractive for oviposition by an insect pest, but on which offspring of the pest cannot survive. the potential of the wild crucifer barbarea vulgaris r. br. to allure and serve as a dead-end trap crop for the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (l.), an important pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, was examined in laboratory experiments. when p. xylostella adults were provided with a dual-choice of ...200415541190
a novel arabidopsis-colletotrichum pathosystem for the molecular dissection of plant-fungal interactions.the ability of a colletotrichum sp., originally isolated from brassica campestris, to infect arabidopsis thaliana was examined. sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (its)1, 5.8s rna gene and its2 regions of ribosomal (r)dna showed the pathogen to be colletotrichum destructivum. the host range was broad, including many cruciferous plants and some legumes. at 25 degrees c, all a. thaliana accessions tested were susceptible to the brassica isolates of c. destructivum; however, at 15 ...200415000394
a rac-like small g-protein from brassica campestris activates a pkc-dependent phospholipase d.a cdna clone encoding a rac-like small gtp binding protein was isolated from a cdna library of chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) flower buds and named brac1. the brac1 cdna contains an open reading frame encoding 198 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular mass of 21,690 da and this coding region has conserved residues and motifs unique to the rho subfamily of proteins. the deduced amino acid sequence of the brac1 protein is closely related to that of arabidopsis t ...200414697272
damage potential of grasshoppers (orthoptera: acrididae) on early growth stages of small-grains and canola under subarctic conditions.we characterized the type and extent of grasshopper injury to above- and below-ground plant parts for four crops [barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and canola (brassica campestris l.)] commonly grown, or with potential to grow, in central alaska. cages were placed on 48 pots containing plants in second to third leaf stages and stocked with 0, 2, 4, and 6 first-instar melanoplus sanguinipes f. pot(-1). plants were harvested 22 d after planting. ste ...200314503591
the function of the flowering time gene agl20 is conserved in crucifers.the mads box gene, agamous-like 20 (agl20), integrates environmental and endogenous flowering signals in arabidopsis thaliana. in order to determine if its role is conserved in other plants, we isolated agl20 orthologs from brassica campestris, cardamine flexuosa and draba nemorosa. the putative amino acid sequences of the orthologs were 94 to 97% identical. we analyzed the flowering phenotype and expression level of the agl20 ortholog in c. flexuosa, a long day plant that does not respond to ve ...200314503858
induction of male sterile cabbage using a tapetum-specific promoter from brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis.the anther (tapetum)-specific gene bca9 was isolated from chinese cabbage, brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis cv. jangwon, using the arabidopsis tapetum-specific a9 gene as a probe. the dna and amino acid sequences of the coding region of the bca9 gene showed high homology with a9 genes from arabidopsis and b. napus. however, the dna sequences of the 5' noncoding (promoter) region were different, except for the sequence from -281 to -89. to test the specific activity of this promoter, a plan ...200312920565
host-associated genetic structure of mexican populations of the cabbage aphid brevicoryne brassicae l. (homoptera: aphididae).phytophagous insects can use different host plant species across their geographic distribution. within a locality, however, their feeding can be restricted to one or two plant species. if host species constitute different selective regimes to herbivorous insects, genetic differentiation and host-associated local adaptation may occur. in this study, we describe the genetic structure of the aphid brevicoryne brassicae l. associated to brassica campestris l. and b. oleraceae var. capitata l., two p ...200314512958
differential parasitism of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) larvae by the parasitoid cotesia plutellae (hymenoptera: braconidae) on two host plant species.laboratory experiments were conducted to examine host selection by cotesia plutellae kurdjumov when larvae of its host, plutella xylostella (linnaeus), fed on chinese cabbage, brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis and those fed on common cabbage, brassica oleracea l. var. capitata were provided simultaneously, and to investigate the roles of plant and host volatiles in mediating host selection. when c. plutellae were provided with equal numbers of host larvae on plants of the two species in one ...200312593684
chronic effects of vapour phase di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) on six plant species.a fumigation experiment was performed in which six plant species representing the european flora were exposed to a range of dbp concentrations. controlled amounts of dbp-saturated air were injected into the ingoing air-streams of plant fumigation chambers, maintaining constant concentrations there for a period of up to 76 days. the target concentrations were a control, 0.8, 1.5, 3.5, and 10.0 microg m(-3). the variation in sensitivity between plant species to atmospheric dbp was quantified on th ...200314505713
evaluation of the phytotoxicity of contaminated sediments deposited "on soil". i. impact of water draining from the deposit on the germination of neighbouring plants.as part of a study of the phytotoxic risk of spreading of contaminated sediments "on soil", we carried out a laboratory experiment assessing the impact of water draining from sediments in a deposit scenario on the peripheral vegetation. the plant tested were the chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. var. chinensis), maize (zea mays l.) and ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). the draining water samples (a1, b1 and c1) were obtained after decantation in laboratory of the sediments. the classification ...200312656260
[mapping and analysis qtl controlling some morphological traits in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis)].an aflp and rapd genetic map with 352 markers and a ril (recombinant inbred lines) population from the cross of two cultivated chinese cabbage lines were employed in mapping and analysis quantitative trait loci (qtl). the number, location, variation explained and additive effect of qtl underlying nine morphological traits were determined by using composite interval mapping method. fifty putative qtl, including five for plant growth habit, six for plant height, five for plant diameter, seven for ...200314986434
experiment of seed germination with low pressure environment simulator.seeds of brassica campestris germinated in low pressure environment at the pressures of 100, 50, 30, 20 kpa. the germination rates of 7 days after seeding were more than 90% without the rate at the pressures of 20 kpa. as the pressure was less, the germination was slower. the results showed that seeds of brassica campestris normally germinated at the pressure of more than 30 kpa. the germination rate at the pressures of 20 kpa was about 60%. the germination rate was not normal. however, it was p ...200314676378
linear dominance relationship among four class-ii s haplotypes in pollen is determined by the expression of sp11 in brassica self-incompatibility.self-incompatibility (si) prevents self-fertilization by rejecting pollen from plants with the same s phenotype. the brassica si system is controlled sporophytically by multiple alleles at the single locus, s, and dominance relationships among s haplotypes are observed in both stigma and pollen. we have identified previously five different class-ii s haplotypes in brassica campestris. here, we performed test-crosses between s heterozygotes and their respective parental s homozygotes for four of ...200312552149
[the molecular biology of cytoplasmic male sterility in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris ssp.pekinensis)]. 200215901566
genomic cloning and characterization of glutathione reductase gene from brassica campestris var. pekinensis.we have isolated and characterized a gene encoding cytosolic glutathione reductase from brassica campestris (b. campestris). the gene (bcggr1) is presented as a single copy in the b. campestris genome and is composed of 17 exons and 16 introns in the trancribed region with coding sequence beginning in the 2nd exon and ending in the 17th exon. bcggr1 is expressed strongly in roots and calli, and moderately in stems and leaves. the transcription is strongly induced by various stress treatments inc ...200212018846
isolation of a cdna for a nucleoside diphosphate kinase capable of phosphorylating the kinase domain of the self-incompatibility factor srk of brassica campestris.srk is a plant receptor kinase involved in the self-incompatibility system of brassica species. during a cdna screening for the phosphoproteins from a stigma expression library, a clone encoding the nucleoside diphosphate kinase iii (bc-ndpk iii) was obtained. after in vitro phosphorylation assays with recombinant proteins, bc-ndpk iii contained mostly phosphoserine. by contrast, the kinase domain of srk contained phosphoserine and phosphothreonine, both of which were significantly increased by ...200211886897
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