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larval mosquito habitat utilization and community dynamics of aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus (diptera: culicidae).aedes albopictus (skuse) and ae. japonicus (theobald) are important container-inhabiting mosquitoes that transmit disease agents, outcompete native species, and continue to expand their range in the united states. both species deposit eggs in natural and artificial containers and thrive in peridomestic environments. the goal of our study was to examine the types and characteristics of containers that are most productive for these species in the northeastern united states. in total, 306 container ...201222897041
comparative morphology of the pyloric armature of adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae).the structure of the pyloric armature, hypothesized to aid in blood-meal digestion or parasite resistance, was compared quantitatively among the following 8 species in 5 genera of adult mosquitoes from the southeastern united states: aedes albopictus, aedes japonicus, aedes triseriatus, anopheles punctipennis, culex pipiens s.l., culex restuans, orthopodomyia signifera, and toxorhynchites rutilus. females differed significantly among species in the structure of spines composing the armature, wit ...201222548826
two invasive mosquito species, aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus japonicus, trapped in south-west germany, july to august 2011.adult females of two invasive species, aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus japonicus, were collected for the first time in july and august 2011 in germany. previously, only immature stages of these species had been found in the country. repeated detection of these species reveals the upper rhine valley in south-west germany to be a particularly sensitive region for the introduction and establishment of exotic mosquito species that needs careful observation.201222297138
impacts of climate, land use, and biological invasion on the ecology of immature aedes mosquitoes: implications for la crosse emergence.arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) cause many diseases worldwide and their transmission is likely to change with land use and climate changes. la crosse virus (lacv) is historically transmitted by the native mosquito aedes triseriatus (say) in the upper midwestern us, but the invasive congeners aedes albopictus (skuse) and a. japonicus (theobald), which co-occur with a. triseriatus in water-holding containers, may be important accessory vectors in the appalachian region where la crosse enceph ...201222692799
modulation of la crosse virus infection in aedes albopictus mosquitoes following larval exposure to coffee extracts.the mosquito-borne la crosse virus (lacv; family bunyaviridae) may cause encephalitis, primarily in children, and is distributed throughout much of the eastern united states. no antivirals or vaccines are available for lacv, or most other mosquito-borne viruses, and prevention generally relies on mosquito control. we sought to determine whether coffee extracts could interfere with lacv replication and vector mosquito development. both regular and decaffeinated coffee demonstrated significant red ...201222470349
first report of aedes japonicus in natural and artificial habitats in northeastern arkansas.during the summers of 2010 and 2011, aedes japonicus larvae were collected from 2 sites in northeastern arkansas while collecting mosquito larvae for a study on the presence of gut-inhabiting fungal symbionts. this is the first report of ae. japonicus in the state of arkansas. no identifiable specimens of gut-inhabiting fungi were collected from dissected ae. japonicus larvae.201222533082
status of the invasive species aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in southwest germany in 2011. 201223181873
first record of aedes japonicus japonicus in mississippi.in july 2011, 7 late-stage larvae of aedes japonicus japonicus were collected from a 5-gal bucket located behind a house in fulton, ms. three of the larvae were reared to the adult stage, with the remaining retained in 70% ethanol. fifteen subsequent attempts over the next month to collect specimens by larval dipping in artificial containers at the property and surrounding towns in 3 adjacent counties all failed to produce any additional ae. j. japonicus.201222533083
weak larval competition between the invasive mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) and three resident container-inhabiting mosquitoes in the laboratory.the spread of exotic mosquito species into new environments can introduce shifts in mosquito populations and potentially alter public health risks to mosquito-borne diseases. the successful establishment of exotic species may occur due to their competitive advantage over other cohabitating species. we hypothesized that the recently introduced exotic mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald) would be a more effective competitor than aedes atropalpus (coquillett) and aedes triseriatus (say), a ...201222493844
predation resistance does not trade off with competitive ability in early-colonizing mosquitoes.the tradeoff between colonization and competitive ability has been proposed as a mechanism for ecological succession, and this tradeoff has been demonstrated in multiple successional communities. the tradeoff between competitive ability and predation resistance is also a widely-described phenomenon; however, this tradeoff is not usually postulated as a cause of ecological succession. early successional species that arrive before predator colonization could be either (1) less vulnerable to predat ...201323649756
morphological and molecular characterization of a microsporidian parasite, takaokaspora nipponicus n. gen., n. sp. from the invasive rock pool mosquito, ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus.a new genus and species of microsporidia, takaokaspora nipponicus n. gen., n. sp. is described from ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus (theobald) and ochlerotatus hatorii (yamada) based on light microscope and ultrastructural morphology, developmental features, transmission cycles and comparative sequence analyses of the small subunit ribosomal dna (ssu rdna). the microsporidium is both vertically and horizontally transmitted, exhibits dimorphic development alternating between diplokaryotic and mo ...201323932975
the further spread of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera, culicidae) towards northern germany.after its first detection in 2008 in the south german federal state of baden-wuerttemberg, another distinct population of the invasive asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus was unexpectedly found in western germany in 2012. range expansion had already been observed for the southern german population and was anticipated for the western german one. here, we report on a third, apparently independent and even more northerly german colonization area of aedes j. japonicus in southern lower sax ...201323974325
public health significance of invasive mosquitoes in europe.there are currently five invasive aedes mosquito species known to be established in europe, namely aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti, aedes japonicus, aedes atropalpus and aedes koreicus. aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti are the incriminated vectors in the recent outbreaks of chikungunya and dengue fever in europe. however, both laboratory experiments and field observations indicate that these invasive mosquitoes have a potential to also transmit other pathogens of public health importance. incr ...201323574618
potential for populations of aedes j. japonicus to transmit rift valley fever virus in the usa.aedes japonicus japonicus was introduced into the northeastern usa in 1998 and has since spread to more than 25 states. because this species has been shown to be a competent laboratory vector of several viruses, readily feeds on large mammals, and has become a pest in several areas, there is concern that it might serve as a vector of rift valley fever virus (rvfv) should that virus be introduced into north america. infection with rvfv causes mortality in > 90% of young domestic ungulates (e.g., ...201323923327
reintroduction of the invasive mosquito species aedes albopictus in belgium in july 2013.since its first report in 2000, the invasive mosquito aedes albopictus was not found any more during the different entomological inspections performed at its place of introduction in belgium between 2001 and 2012. in july 2013, one adult male was captured at the same site (a platform of imported used tires located in vrasene, oost-vlaanderen province), during a monitoring using co2-baited trap. this finding suggests the reintroduction of the species in belgium via the used tire trade.201324325893
development of guidelines for the surveillance of invasive mosquitoes in europe.the recent notifications of autochthonous cases of dengue and chikungunya in europe prove that the region is vulnerable to these diseases in areas where known mosquito vectors (aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti) are present. strengthening surveillance of these species as well as other invasive container-breeding aedine mosquito species such as aedes atropalpus, aedes japonicus, aedes koreicus and aedes triseriatus is therefore required. in order to support and harmonize surveillance activities ...201323866915
higher mosquito production in low-income neighborhoods of baltimore and washington, dc: understanding ecological drivers and mosquito-borne disease risk in temperate cities.mosquito-vectored pathogens are responsible for devastating human diseases and are (re)emerging in many urban environments. effective mosquito control in urban landscapes relies on improved understanding of the complex interactions between the ecological and social factors that define where mosquito populations can grow. we compared the density of mosquito habitat and pupae production across economically varying neighborhoods in two temperate u.s. cities (baltimore, md and washington, dc). seven ...201323583963
invasive process and repeated cross-sectional surveys of the mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus establishment in belgium.when accidentally introduced in a new location, a species does not necessarily readily become invasive, but it usually needs several years to adapt to its new environment. in 2009, a national mosquito survey (modirisk) reported the introduction and possible establishment of an invasive mosquito species, aedes j. japonicus, in belgium. first collected in 2002 in the village of natoye from a second-hand tire company, then sampled in 2003 and 2004, the presence of adults and larvae was confirmed in ...201424694576
predicting the mosquito species and vertebrate species involved in the theoretical transmission of rift valley fever virus in the united states.rift valley fever virus (rvfv) is a mosquito-borne virus in the family bunyaviridiae that has spread throughout continental africa to madagascar and the arabian peninsula. the establishment of rvfv in north america would have serious consequences for human and animal health in addition to a significant economic impact on the livestock industry. published and unpublished data on rvfv vector competence, vertebrate host competence, and mosquito feeding patterns from the united states were combined ...201425211133
out of the bush: the asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera, culicidae) becomes invasive.the asian bush or rock pool mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus is one of the most expansive culicid species of the world. being native to east asia, this species was detected out of its original distribution range for the first time in the early 1990s in new zealand where it could not establish, though. in 1998, established populations were reported from the eastern us, most likely as a result of introductions several years earlier. after a massive spread the mosquito is now widely distributed i ...201424495418
population structure and distribution patterns of the sibling mosquito species culex pipiens and culex torrentium (diptera: culicidae) reveal different evolutionary paths.nowadays a number of endemic mosquito species are known to possess vector abilities for various diseases, as e.g. the sibling species culex pipiens and culex torrentium. due to their morphological similarity, ecology, distribution and vector abilities, knowledge about these species' population structure is essential. culicidae from 25 different sampling sites were collected from march till october 2012. all analyses were performed with aligned cox1 sequences with a total length of 658 bp. popula ...201425048456
unexpected patterns of admixture in german populations of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) underscore the importance of human intervention.the mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus, originally restricted to temperate east asia, is now widespread in north america and more recently has become established in europe. to ascertain the putative number of separate introductions to europe and examine patterns of expansion we analyzed the genetic makeup of ae. j. japonicus populations from five cemeteries in north rhine-westphalia and rhineland-palatinate, two western german federal states, as well as of specimens from populations in belgium, ...201424992470
field evaluation of four widely used mosquito traps in central europe.to monitor adult mosquitoes several trapping devices are available. these are differently constructed and use various mechanisms for mosquito attraction, thus resulting in different trapping sensitivities and efficacies for the various species. mosquito monitoring and surveillance programs in europe use various types of mosquito traps, but only a few comparisons have been conducted so far. this study compared the performance of four commercial trapping devices, which are commonly used in europe.201424924481
[mosquitoes as vectors for exotic pathogens in germany].as a result of intensified globalization of international trade and of substantial travel activities, mosquito-borne exotic pathogens are becoming an increasing threat for europe. in germany some 50 different mosquito species are known, several of which have vector competence for pathogens. during the last few years a number of zoonotic arboviruses that are pathogenic for humans have been isolated from mosquitoes in germany including usutu, sindbis and batai viruses. in addition, filarial worms, ...201424781910
aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) from germany have vector competence for japan encephalitis virus but are refractory to infection with west nile virus.the interplay between arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses and their vectors is usually complex and often exert unique relationships. aedes japonicus japonicus (hulecoeteomyia japonica or ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus), an invasive mosquito species with laboratory proven vector competence for a number of emerging viruses has been newly introduced to germany and is currently expanding its range throughout the country. on the other hand, west nile virus (wnv), an emerging arbovirus originating from a ...201424948103
geospatial analysis of invasion of the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus: competition with aedes japonicus japonicus in its northern limit area in japan.the mosquito aedes albopictus, indigenous to southeast asia and nearby islands, has spread almost worldwide during recent decades. we confirm the invasion of this mosquito, first reported in yamagata city in northeast honshu, japan in 2000. previously, only ae. japonicus japonicus had been collected in this place, but 2 years later, the population of ae. albopictus had increased, so more than 80% of the total number of larval colonies there consisted of this species. in contrast to yamagata's ne ...201424893018
roles of spatial partitioning, competition, and predation in the north american invasion of an exotic mosquito.invasion success and species coexistence are often mediated by species interactions across patchily distributed habitats and resources. the invasive mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus has established in the north american range of the competitively superior resident congener, aedes albopictus, and the predatory native mosquito toxorhynchites rutilus. we tested predictions for two hypotheses of invasion success and species coexistence: keystone predation and spatial partitioning. we tested compet ...201424569942
effects of competition and predation by native mosquitoes on the north american invasion of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae).the success and effects of a biological invasion can be dependent on species interactions with resident competitors and predators. indirect interactions between competition and predation, such as keystone predation, can influence both invasion success and the impact of an invasive species on resident competitors. the invasive mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald) has been established within the north american range of the indigenous competitor aedes triseriatus (say) and indigenous mosqu ...201426309302
first establishment of aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera: culicidae) in france in 2013 and its impact on public health. 201425424273
distribution and genetic structure of aedes japonicus japonicus populations (diptera: culicidae) in germany.in recent years, the number of imported cases of arthropod-borne diseases in europe, such as dengue fever, has increased steadily, as did the emergence and distribution of invasive insect vectors. consequently, the risk of disease spreading into previously unaffected regions through invasive mosquitoes is also increasing. one example of an invasive mosquito is aedes japonicus japonicus (a. j. japonicus), which spread from its original habitat in japan to north america and europe. this species ha ...201425056941
modeling of the putative distribution of the arbovirus vector ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in germany.today, international travel and global freight transportation are increasing and have a direct influence on the introduction and establishment of non-native mosquito species as well as on the spread of arthropod (mosquito)-borne diseases inside europe. one of the mosquito species that has become invasive in many areas is the asian rock pool or bush mosquito ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus (synonyms: aedes japonicus japonicus or hulecoeteomyia japonica japonica). this species was detected in ger ...201525579658
national mosquito (diptera: culicidae) survey in the netherlands 2010-2013.from 2010 onwards, a nationwide mosquito monitoring scheme has been conducted in the netherlands with the aim of gaining crucial information about mosquito (diptera: culicidae) species composition, geographical distributions, biodiversity, and habitat preferences. the results of this study are based on 778 randomly sampled mosquito locations. these are divided into three main habitat types: urban, rural-agricultural, and natural areas. twenty-seven mosquito species were found: 26 indigenous and ...201526336303
bacterial communities and midgut microbiota associated with mosquito populations from waste tires in east-central illinois.mosquito-microbe interactions tend to influence larval nutrition, immunity, and development, as well as fitness and vectorial capacity of adults. understanding the role of different bacterial species not only improves our knowledge of the physiological and ecological consequences of these interactions, but also provides the basis for developing novel strategies for controlling mosquito-borne diseases. we used culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques to characterize the bacterial comp ...201526336281
impact of an alien invasive shrub on ecology of native and alien invasive mosquito species (diptera: culicidae).we examined how leaf litter of alien invasive honeysuckle (lonicera maackii rupr.) either alone or in combination with leaf litter of one of two native tree species, sugar maple (acer saccharum marshall) and northern red oak (quercus rubra l.), affects the ecology of culex restuans theobald, ochlerotatus triseriatus say, and ochlerotatus japonicus theobald. experimental mesocosms containing single species litter or a mixture of honeysuckle and one of two native tree species litter were establish ...201526314023
species composition and seasonal distribution of mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) in southern new jersey, burlington county.a total of 36,495 larvae consisting of 45 species from 11 genera were collected from 7,189 sites from southern new jersey, burlington county between the months of march and october, 2001-2014. density and seasonal distribution were determined among natural and artificial habitat. the most dominant species collected from natural habitat was aedes vexans (meigen) followed by ochlerotatus canadensis canadensis (theobald), culex restuans theobald, culex pipiens l., and culex territans walker. the mo ...201526336214
container type influences the relative abundance, body size, and susceptibility of ochlerotatus triseriatus (diptera: culicidae) to la crosse virus.ochlerotatus triseriatus (say), the primary vector of la crosse virus (lac), develops in a variety of natural and artificial aquatic containers where it often co-occurs with larvae of other mosquito species. we conducted a field study at two woodlots (south farms and trelease woods) in urbana, il, to examine how container type influences vector abundance, body size, and susceptibility to lac. mosquito pupae were collected from tree holes, plastic bins, and waste tires, and eclosing adults were i ...201526334821
mosquito larvae in tires from mississippi, united states: the efficacy of abiotic and biotic parameters in predicting spatial and temporal patterns of mosquito populations and communities.container systems, including discarded vehicle tires, which support populations of mosquitoes, have been of interest for understanding the variables that produce biting adults that serve as both nuisances and as public health threats. we sampled tires in six sites at three times in 2012 across the state of mississippi to understand the biotic and abiotic variables responsible for explaining patterns of larvae of common species, species richness, and total abundance of mosquitoes. from 498 tires ...201526334813
real-time pcr tests in dutch exotic mosquito surveys; implementation of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus identification tests, and the development of tests for the identification of aedes atropalpus and aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae).since 2009, the netherlands food and consumer product safety authority carries out surveys focusing on, amongst others, the presence of invasive mosquito species (ims). special attention is given to exotic container-breeding aedes species aedes aegypti (l.), aedes albopictus (skuse), aedes atropalpus (coquillett), and aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald). this study describes the implementation of real-time pcr tests described by hill et al. (2008) for the identification of ae. aegypti and ae. a ...201526334807
an entomological review of invasive mosquitoes in europe.among the invasive mosquitoes registered all over the world, aedes species are particularly frequent and important. as several of them are potential vectors of disease, they present significant health concerns for 21st century europe. five species have established in mainland europe, with two (aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus) becoming widespread and two (ae. albopictus and aedes aegypti) implicated in disease transmission to humans in europe. the routes of importation and spread are often e ...201525804287
elevation of pseudoskusea, rusticoidus and protomacleaya to valid subgenera in the mosquito genus aedes based on taxon naming criteria recently applied to other members of the tribe aedini (diptera: culicidae).pseudoskusea, rusticoidus and protomacleaya were well-recognized, morphologically distinct subgenera within the genus aedes prior to a series of taxonomic changes over the past 15 years by reinert, harbach and kitching, when they were recognized as subgenera of the genus ochlerotatus. in our recent effort to stabilize the tribe aedini, we synonymized these subgenera and associated species back into the genus aedes, but incorrectly assigned them as putative informal groups, instead of reinstating ...201526714624
cemeteries are effective sites for monitoring la crosse virus (lacv) and these environments may play a role in lacv infection.la crosse encephalitis (lac) is the leading arboviral disease among children, and was previously limited to the upper midwest. in 2012 nine pediatric cases of lac occurred in eastern tennessee, including one fatal case. in an attempt to identify sites near an active lacv infection and describe the abundance and distribution of potential lacv vectors near a fatal lac case in the appalachian region, we initiated an end of season study using a combination of questing and oviposition mosquito traps ...201525860584
la crosse encephalitis virus infection in field-collected aedes albopictus, aedes japonicus, and aedes triseriatus in tennessee.la crosse virus (lacv) is a mosquito-borne virus and a major cause of pediatric encephalitis in the usa. la crosse virus emerged in tennessee and other states in the appalachian region in 1997. we investigated lacv infection rates and seasonal abundances of the native mosquito vector, aedes triseriatus, and 2 recently introduced mosquito species, ae. albopictus and ae. japonicus, in an emerging disease focus in tennessee. mosquitoes were collected using multiple trapping methods specific for aed ...201526375904
microevolution of aedes aegypti.scientific research into the epidemiology of dengue frequently focuses on the microevolution and dispersion of the mosquito aedes aegypti. one of the world's largest urban agglomerations infested by ae. aegypti is the brazilian megalopolis of sao paulo, where >26,900 cases of dengue were reported until june 2015. unfortunately, the dynamics of the genetic variability of ae. aegypti in the sao paulo area have not been well studied. to reduce this knowledge gap, we assessed the morphogenetic varia ...201526360876
ecology of culiseta melanura and other mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) from walton county, fl, during winter period 2013-2014.winter ecology of putative vectors of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus (eeev) in northern florida was investigated at field locations with evidence of historic eeev winter transmission. light traps and resting shelters were used to sample the mosquito community in the vicinity of eight sentinel flocks throughout the winter period (november-april) of 2013 and 2014 in walton county, fl. overall mosquito activity was relatively low, although mosquitoes were captured during each week of the st ...201526336227
current status of invasive mosquito surveillance in the uk.non-native invasive mosquitoes have for many years made incursions into europe, and are now established in many european countries. the continued european importation of potential vectors and their expansion within europe increases their potential for importation and establishment in the uk. coupled with increasing numbers of returning dengue and chikungunya infected travellers, the potential exists for transmission of vector borne disease in new regions.201526122427
vector-host interactions of culiseta melanura in a focus of eastern equine encephalitis virus activity in southeastern virginia.eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) causes a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of severe illness in humans and equines in the eastern usa. culiseta (cs.) melanura is the primary vector of eeev in most geographic regions but its feeding patterns on specific avian and mammalian hosts are largely unknown in the mid-atlantic region. the objectives of our study were to: 1) identify avian hosts of cs. melanura and evaluate their potential role in ...201526327226
direct pcr of indigenous and invasive mosquito species: a time- and cost-effective technique of mosquito barcoding.millions of people die each year as a result of pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes. however, the morphological identification of mosquito species can be difficult even for experts. the identification of morphologically indistinguishable species, such as members of the anopheles maculipennis complex (diptera: culicidae), and possible hybrids, such as culex pipiens pipiens/culex pipiens molestus (diptera: culicidae), presents a major problem. in addition, the detection and discrimination of newly ...201526663040
impacts of the creation, expansion and management of english wetlands on mosquito presence and abundance - developing strategies for future disease mitigation.the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases is increasing in europe, partly due to the incursion of a number of invasive species known to be vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses, but also due to the involvement of native species in the transmission of west nile virus and malaria. for some of these pathogens, there is a risk of the re-emergence of vector-borne diseases that were once widespread in europe, but declined partly due to large-scale land-drainage projects. some mosquito species explo ...201525889666
recently discovered aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) populations in the netherlands and northern germany resulted from a new introduction event and from a split from an existing population.originally native to east asia, aedes japonicus japonicus, a potential vector of several arboviruses, has become one of the most invasive mosquito species in the world. after having established in the usa, it is now spreading in europe, with new populations emerging. in contrast to the usa, the introduction pathways and modes of dispersal in europe are largely obscure.201525608763
metallic copper spray--a new control technique to combat invasive container-inhabiting mosquitoes.the control of container-inhabiting mosquitoes is mainly based on environmental management with special emphasis on community participation e.g. source reduction by elimination or modification of water bodies. however, citizens are often not aware of the problems related to urban mosquito control or just ignore the advice provided during anti-mosquito control campaigns. in particular, cemeteries contain favourite breeding sites for container-inhabiting mosquitoes like ochlerotatus j. japonicus, ...201526553319
standardized laboratory feeding of larval aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae).the asian bush mosquito (aedes japonicus japonicus, theobald 1901) is an invasive culicid species which originates in asia but is nowadays present in northern america and europe. it is a competent vector for several human disease pathogens. in addition to the public health threat, this invasive species may also be an ecological threat for native container-breeding mosquitoes which share a similar larval habitat. therefore, it is of importance to gain knowledge on ecological and eco-toxicological ...201526452522
development of dirofilaria immitis within the mosquito aedes (finlaya) koreicus, a new invasive species for europe.over the recent decades, container-breeding mosquito species belonging to the genus aedes have frequently been recorded far from their place of origin. aedes koreicus was first reported in north-eastern italy in 2011, in a region endemic for dirofilaria immitis, the agent of canine heartworm disease. the vector competence of ae. koreicus for d. immitis was here tested under laboratory conditions, by infecting mosquitoes with a local strain of d. immitis.201525884876
how do nutritional stress and la crosse virus infection interact? tests for effects on willingness to blood feed and fecundity in aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae).evolutionary theory predicts that vector-borne pathogens should have low virulence for their vector because of selection against pathogens that harm the vector sufficiently to reduce transmission. environmental factors such as nutritional stress can alter vector-pathogen associations by making the vectors more susceptible to pathogens (condition-dependent competence) and vulnerable to the harm caused by pathogen replication (condition-dependent virulence). we tested the hypotheses of condition-d ...201526477049
phylogeography of the coastal mosquito aedes togoi across climatic zones: testing an anthropogenic dispersal hypothesis.the coastal mosquito aedes togoi occurs more or less continuously from subarctic to subtropic zones along the coasts of the japanese islands and the east asian mainland. it occurs also in tropical southeast asia and the north american pacific coast, and the populations there are thought to have been introduced from japan by ship. to test this hypothesis, the genetic divergence among geographic populations of a. togoi was studied using one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene sequences. we detect ...201526107619
making mosquito taxonomy useful: a stable classification of tribe aedini that balances utility with current knowledge of evolutionary relationships.the tribe aedini (family culicidae) contains approximately one-quarter of the known species of mosquitoes, including vectors of deadly or debilitating disease agents. this tribe contains the genus aedes, which is one of the three most familiar genera of mosquitoes. during the past decade, aedini has been the focus of a series of extensive morphology-based phylogenetic studies published by reinert, harbach, and kitching (rh&k). those authors created 74 new, elevated or resurrected genera from wha ...201526226613
approaches to passive mosquito surveillance in the eu.the recent emergence in europe of invasive mosquitoes and mosquito-borne disease associated with both invasive and native mosquito species has prompted intensified mosquito vector research in most european countries. central to the efforts are mosquito monitoring and surveillance activities in order to assess the current species occurrence, distribution and, when possible, abundance, in order to permit the early detection of invasive species and the spread of competent vectors. as active mosquit ...201525567671
evidence for temporal population replacement and the signature of ecological adaptation in a major neotropical malaria vector in amazonian peru.the major neotropical malaria vector, anopheles darlingi, was reintroduced into the iquitos, loreto, peru area during the early 1990s, where it displaced other anophelines and caused a major malaria epidemic. since then, case numbers in loreto have fluctuated, but annual increases have been reported since 2012.201526415942
effectiveness of print education at reducing urban mosquito infestation through improved resident-based management.improving resident-based management and knowledge of mosquitoes is often an integral component of integrated mosquito management, especially in urban landscapes with considerable mosquito habitat on privately owned lands. this study tested the effectiveness of print education materials at reducing urban mosquito exposure through improving resident knowledge of, and attitudes towards, mosquitoes and mosquito management in washington dc, usa. there was a specific focus on the removal of water-fill ...201627171195
newly discovered population of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in upper bavaria, germany, and salzburg, austria, is closely related to the austrian/slovenian bush mosquito population.the german mosquito surveillance instrument 'mueckenatlas' requests the general public to collect and submit mosquito specimens. among these, increasing numbers of individuals of invasive species have been registered. specimens of the asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus submitted from german upper bavaria, where this species had not previously been recorded, triggered regional monitoring in mid-2015.201627000804
occurrence and spread of the invasive asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in west and north germany since detection in 2012 and 2013, respectively.the invasive asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus was first recognised as established in germany in 2008. in addition to the first known and quickly expanding population in the southwestern part of the country, three separate populations were discovered in west, north and southeastern germany in 2012, 2013 and 2015, respectively, by means of the 'mueckenatlas', a german instrument of passive mosquito surveillance. since the first findings of mosquito specimens in west and north germany, ...201627936209
anthropogenic impacts on mosquito populations in north america over the past century.the recent emergence and spread of vector-borne viruses including zika, chikungunya and dengue has raised concerns that climate change may cause mosquito vectors of these diseases to expand into more temperate regions. however, the long-term impact of other anthropogenic factors on mosquito abundance and distributions is less studied. here, we show that anthropogenic chemical use (ddt; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and increasing urbanization were the strongest drivers of changes in mosquito ...201627922001
assessment of productivity of culex spp. larvae (diptera: culicidae) in urban storm water catch basin system in wrocław (sw poland).in urban environments, catch basins serve as major developmental and resting sites for anthropophilic and zoophilic mosquitoes. however, the use of this habitat is inconsistent, with abundance of larvae varying significantly across catch basins at a fine spatial scale. during seasonal summer investigations on mosquito species composition, their spatial and temporal distribution and the environmental characteristic of the breeding sites in the underground storm drain systems of the wrocław urban ...201626809340
comparative susceptibility of ochlerotatus japonicus, ochlerotatus triseriatus, aedes albopictus, and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to la crosse virus.invasive mosquito species can increase the transmission risk of native mosquito-borne diseases by acting as novel vectors. in this study, we examined the susceptibility of three exotic invasive mosquito species aedes aegypti (l.), ae. albopictus (skuse), and ochlerotatus japonicus (theobald) to la crosse virus (lacv) relative to the native primary vector ochlerotatus triseriatus (say). adult females of the four mosquito species were orally challenged with lacv; incubated for 3, 5, 7, 9, or 11 d; ...201627605372
anopheles (anopheles) petragnani del vecchio 1939-a new mosquito species for germany.the so far known species of the anopheles claviger complex, anopheles claviger s.s. and anopheles petragnani, can only be distinguished by partial overlapping characteristics of immature stages and by nucleotide sequence variation of the genomic ribosomal dna (rdna) internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region. the known distribution of an. petragnani is so far restricted to the western mediterranean region, whereas an. claviger s.s. occurs across most of europe, up to the middle east and north a ...201627003404
erratum to: aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus - two invasive mosquito species with different temperature niches in europe. 201627919276
public health adaptation to climate change in oecd countries.climate change is a major challenge facing public health. national governments play a key role in public health adaptation to climate change, but there are competing views on what responsibilities and obligations this will-or should-include in different nations. this study aims to: (1) examine how national-level public health adaptation is occurring in organization for economic cooperation and development (oecd) countries; (2) examine the roles national governments are taking in public health ad ...201627618074
first record of the asian bush mosquito, aedes japonicus japonicus, in italy: invasion from an established austrian population.in 2011 we identified the asian bush mosquito, aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera: culicidae) for the first time in northern slovenia and in the bordering austrian federal state of styria. between may and july 2012 the distribution area of ae. j. japonicus was already found to be extended westwards into carinthia and eastwards towards burgenland and bordering hungary. in august 2012 the species was first detected in a western province of hungary. in subsequent years, follow-up f ...201627184024
aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus - two invasive mosquito species with different temperature niches in europe.aedes albopictus and ae. japonicus are two of the most widespread invasive mosquito species that have recently become established in western europe. both species are associated with the transmission of a number of serious diseases and are projected to continue their spread in europe.201627814747
spread of aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) in austria, 2011-2015, and first records of the subspecies for hungary, 2012, and the principality of liechtenstein, 2015.the asian bush mosquito, aedes (hulecoeteomyia) japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera: culicidae), was first identified in austria in august 2011 in the federal state of styria at the border to slovenia.201627343074
host preferences in host-seeking and blood-fed mosquitoes in switzerland.the avian zoonotic agent for west nile virus (wnv) can cause neuroinvasive disease in horses and humans and is expanding its range in europe. analyses of the risk for transmission to these hosts in non-endemic areas are necessary. host preferences of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae), the main vectors of wnv, were determined in switzerland using animal-baited trap (horse, chickens) experiments at a natural and a periurban site. this was undertaken on four occasions during may-september 2014. in ad ...201626685926
comparison of mosquito magnet and biogents sentinel traps for operational surveillance of container-inhabiting aedes (diptera: culicidae) species.container-inhabiting aedes are among the most medically important mosquito vectors of diseases. they also impact health and quality of life by their persistent and severe biting. monitoring of container-inhabiting aedes species is challenging due to the need for specialized traps and lures. biogents sentinel (bgs) trap has become a standard for aedes albopictus (skuse) surveillance; however, it has substantial problems with durability, quality of construction, and sample exposure to the elements ...201626520482
emergence of aedes koreicus (diptera: culicidae) in an urban area, hungary, 2016.in june 2016, three adult females of aedes koreicus mosquitoes were trapped in the urban area of pécs, southwest hungary. the introduction of this invasive mosquito species in this region, along with the recent detection in germany, may indicate the capability of the species to spread across europe. along with aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus mosquitoes, this is the third invasive mosquito species occurred in hungary.201627511369
first record of aedes koreicus (diptera: culicidae) in germany.within the framework of a national mosquito monitoring programme, a mosquito specimen collected in mid-2015 in southern germany was identified as aedes koreicus, a non-endemic species originating from east asia. after the asian bush mosquito aedes japonicus, which is already established in germany and widely distributed, and the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus, which is increasingly often introduced from southern europe, a. koreicus is the third demonstrated invasive mosquito species in ge ...201626614356
the ecological niche of dermacentor marginatus in germany.the ixodid tick dermacentor marginatus (sulzer, 1776) is endemic throughout southern europe in the range of 33-51 (°) n latitude. in germany, however, d. marginatus was exclusively reported in the rhine valley and adjacent areas. its northern distribution limit near giessen is located at the coordinates 8.32 (°) e/50.65 (°) n. particularly with regard to the causative agents of rickettsioses, tularemia, and q fever, the observed locations as well as the potential distribution of the vector d. ma ...201626993325
first assessment of potential distribution and dispersal capacity of the emerging invasive mosquito aedes koreicus in northeast italy.invasive alien species represent a growing threat for natural systems, economy and human health. active surveillance and responses that readily suppress newly established colonies are effective actions to mitigate the noxious consequences of biological invasions. however, when an exotic species establishes a viable population in a new area, predicting its potential spread is the most effective way to implement adequate control actions. emerging invasive species, despite monitoring efforts, are p ...201626842546
midgut fungal and bacterial microbiota of aedes triseriatus and aedes japonicus shift in response to la crosse virus infection.understanding how midgut microbial communities of field-collected mosquitoes interact with pathogens is critical for controlling vector infection and disease. we used 16s rrna and internal transcribed spacer sequencing to characterize the midgut bacterial and fungal communities of adult females of aedes triseriatus and aedes japonicus collected as pupae in tree holes, plastic bins and waste tires and their response to la crosse virus (lacv) infection. for both mosquito species and across all hab ...201627357374
female adult aedes albopictus suppression by wolbachia-infected male mosquitoes.dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are pathogens with an increasing global impact. in the absence of an approved vaccine or therapy, their management relies on controlling the mosquito vectors. but traditional controls are inadequate, and the range of invasive species such as aedes albopictus (asian tiger mosquito) is expanding. genetically modified mosquitoes are being tested, but their use has encountered regulatory barriers and public opposition in some countries. wolbachia bacteria can cau ...201627659038
globally invasive, withdrawing at home: aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus facing the rise of aedes flavopictus.it has been suggested that climate change may have facilitated the global expansion of invasive disease vectors, since several species have expanded their range as temperatures have warmed. here, we present results from observations on two major global invasive mosquito vectors (diptera: culicidae), aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes japonicus (theobald), across the altitudinal range of mt. konpira, nagasaki, japan, a location within their native range, where aedes flavopictus yamada, formerly a ...201627039106
field evaluation of baited traps for surveillance of aedes japonicus japonicus in switzerland.the efficacy of centers for disease control (cdc) miniature light traps and ovitraps was tested in the outskirts of the city of zurich in switzerland for their use in the surveillance of aedes (hulecoeteomyia) japonicus japonicus (theobald) (diptera: culicidae), the invasive asian bush mosquito. sets of single cdc traps were run overnight (n = 18) in three different environments (forest, suburban and urban) in 3 × 3 latin square experimental designs. traps were baited with: (a) carbon dioxide (c ...201626685872
the first record of aedes (hulecoeteomyia) japonicus (diptera: culicidae) and its establishment in western canada.the potential disease-carrying mosquito, aedes japonicus (theobald) (diptera: culicidae), was identified among larvae collected in suburban vancouver, bc, in july 2014, and over 200 were found at the same site in february 2015 where it presumably had overwintered in the egg stage. in late may 2015, a female was captured taking a bloodmeal 13 km east of the larval site. this population and those in the washington and oregon states are clearly disjunct from those in eastern north america, and thei ...201626526023
the hitchhiker's guide to becoming invasive: exotic mosquitoes spread across a us state by human transport not autonomous flight.not all exotic species establish and expand aggressively (i.e. become invasive). as potential vectors of disease agents, invasive mosquitoes can have considerable impact on public health, livestock and wildlife; therefore, understanding the species characteristics and ecological circumstances promoting their invasiveness is important. the mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus, originally from north-east asia, was introduced at least two separate times to the north-eastern usa, as surmised from the ...201627087539
effects of pyriproxifen on aedes japonicus development and its auto-dissemination by gravid females in laboratory trials.in a series of laboratory experiments, we investigated the effects of the juvenile-hormone analog pyriproxyfen on the inhibition of aedes japonicus adult emergence after exposure of late-stage (3rd/4th) larvae (either field-collected or lab-reared from field-collected eggs) to pyriproxyfen. emergence inhibition was 74%, 83%, 86%, and 92% at 0.01, 0.5, 2.5, and 5 μg/liter, respectively. additionally, following a 1-day exposure of larvae to pyriproxyfen-containing water (5 μg/liter), and for a sep ...201627105217
sterilization of hulecoeteomyia japonica japonica (= aedes japonicus japonicus) (theobald, 1901) by high-energy photon irradiation: implications for a sterile insect technique approach in europe.hulecoeteomyia japonica japonica (= aedes japonicus japonicus) (diptera: culicidae) (theobald 1901), a container-breeding invasive species in north america and europe, is attracting particular attention for its high local abundances and possible roles in the transmission of human and animal pathogens. the preferential habitats of this species are forested and bushy areas, which renders control measures extremely inefficient. use of the sterile insect technique (sit) may contribute to the impleme ...201627091384
new distribution records of mosquitoes in washington state.routine west nile virus (wnv) surveillance in 2016 by the washington state department of health resulted in 1 new state distribution record for aedes hendersoni, bringing the total number of mosquito species reported from washington to 52. we also report new county records for aedes japonicus japonicus, aedes togoi, and culex salinarius .201728388317
mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) persistence and synchrony across an urban altitudinal gradient.patterns of mosquito spatial persistence and temporal presence, as well as synchrony, i.e., the degree of concerted fluctuations in abundance, have been scarcely studied at finely grained spatial scales and over altitudinal gradients. here, we present a spatial persistence, temporal presence, and synchrony analysis of four common mosquito species across the altitudinal gradient of mt. konpira in nagasaki, japan. we found that aedes albopictus (skuse) was more frequently found at the mountain bas ...201728025246
a 2-yr mosquito survey focusing on aedes koreicus (diptera: culicidae) in northern italy and implications for adult trapping.aedes koreicus (edwards) is an invasive mosquito species, like aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald), that has already colonized a large part of northeastern italy and other european countries. despite its rapid expansion, information about adult distribution and trapping is lacking. here, we conducted a 2-yr longitudinal survey using adult traps to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of ae. koreicus and evaluated the effectiveness of three trapping devices in ...201728399310
development of dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens in aedes japonicus and aedes geniculatus.the mosquito-borne filarial nematodes dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens primarily affect dogs but also cats, causing heartworm disease or subcutaneous dirofilariosis, respectively, and both may also cause zoonotic diseases in humans. several mosquito species have been reported as competent vectors for these nematodes, but no data are available for the invasive mosquito species aedes japonicus (theobald, 1901). the objective of this study was to describe the development of both d. immiti ...201728219407
mitigating future avian malaria threats to hawaiian forest birds from climate change.avian malaria, transmitted by culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the hawaiian islands, has been a primary contributor to population range limitations, declines, and extinctions for many endemic hawaiian honeycreepers. avian malaria is strongly influenced by climate; therefore, predicted future changes are expected to expand transmission into higher elevations and intensify and lengthen existing transmission periods at lower elevations, leading to further population declines and potential extin ...201728060848
update on the distribution of aedes japonicus in maine, 2001-15.the first confirmed collection of aedes japonicus in maine was in cumberland county in 2001. since that initial collection, it has been found in 7 of maine's 16 counties between 2001 and 2015. these collections include the northernmost collection of ae. japonicus in the eastern usa, from madawaska in aroostook county. though mosquito surveillance is limited in the state, it is evident that ae. japonicus is more widely distributed in maine than previously believed although its role in arboviral t ...201728590224
bacterial diversity of cosmopolitan culex pipiens and invasive aedes japonicus from germany.symbiotic bacteria have gained significant attention in recent years. for example, microbiota of some mosquito species seems to influence the development and transmission of pathogens. furthermore, several attempts using bacteria as a paratransgenetic tool have been made in order to assist the control of mosquito-borne diseases. in this study, we examined the bacterial diversity of wild-caught adult culex (cx.) pipiens and laboratory-reared adult aedes japonicus (ae. japonicus) in germany using ...201728534105
the citizen science project 'mueckenatlas' helps monitor the distribution and spread of invasive mosquito species in germany.the citizen science project 'mueckenatlas' (mosquito atlas) was implemented in early 2012 to improve mosquito surveillance in germany. citizens are asked to support the spatiotemporal mapping of culicids by submitting mosquito specimens collected in their private surroundings. the mueckenatlas has developed into an efficient tool for data collection with close to 30,000 mosquitoes submitted by the end of 2015. while the vast majority of submissions included native mosquito species, a small perce ...201729029273
first record of aedes koreicus (diptera, culicidae) in slovenia.the first record of aedes koreicus was made in the village of lovrenc na dravskem polju, north-eastern part of the country. the discovery of ae. koreicus in various continental european countries motivated us to revise samples of the collected aedes japonicus japonicus. we found ae. koreicus in samples from 2013, where the larvae were misidentified as ae. j. japonicus. the species was identified morphologically and molecularly. the first discovery of ae. koreicus advocates an urgent need for a n ...201728624875
presence and potential distribution of aedes albopictus and aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) in slovenia.in slovenia, two invasive mosquito species are present, aedes albopictus (skuse, 1895) (diptera: culicidae) and aedes japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera: culicidae). in this study, we examined their actual distribution and suitable habitats for new colonizations. data from survey of species presence in 2013 and 2015, bioclimatic variables and altitude were used for the construction of predictive maps. we produced various models in maxent software and tested two bioclimatic variable sets, worldc ...201728968852
first record of aedes japonicus in florida.the presence of aedes j. japonicus in florida is reported for the first time. four adult females were collected by a mosquito magnet® x trap baited with pressurized co2 in okaloosa county, fl, in august 2012 and later identified as ae. japonicus in 2014. additional adult and larval specimens were collected during 2014-17 from bay, leon, okaloosa, santa rosa, or walton counties, florida. notes are provided on the location, general habitats, and mosquito associates that may be found with ae. japon ...201729369021
density dependence, landscape, and weather impacts on aquatic aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) abundance along an urban altitudinal gradient.the asian bush mosquito, aedes (finlaya) japonicus japonicus (theobald) is an important globally invasive mosquito species. in comparison with other major invasive mosquitoes, relatively little is known about ae. j. japonicus population dynamics in the field. here, we present results from a 54-biweek long study of ae. j. japonicus abundance in ovitraps set across the altitudinal gradient of mt. konpira, nagasaki, japan. spatially, we found that ae. j. japonicus fourth instar larvae (aj4il) were ...201729228297
vector competence of field populations of the mosquito species aedes japonicus japonicus and culex pipiens from switzerland for two west nile virus strains.aedes (hulecoeteomyia) japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) (theobald) is an invasive mosquito species in central europe, where it has colonized several areas. in this study, field-collected specimens of ae. japonicus and culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) (linnaeus) from zürich (switzerland) were orally exposed to two strains (ny99 and fin) of the avian zoonotic pathogen west nile virus (wnv) (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus). dissemination and transmission of the viruses after incuba ...201729082585
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