Publications

inhibition by dietary curcumin of azoxymethane-induced ornithine decarboxylase, tyrosine protein kinase, arachidonic acid metabolism and aberrant crypt foci formation in the rat colon.	the present study was designed to investigate the modulatory role of dietary curcumin on (i) azoxymethane (aom)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (odc), tyrosine protein kinase (tpk) and arachidonic acid metabolism in liver and colonic mucosa of male f344 rats, (ii) in vitro arachidonic acid metabolism in the liver and colonic mucosa and (iii) aom-induced aberrant crypt foci (acf) formation in the colon of f344 rats. at 5 weeks of age groups of animals were fed one of the experimental diets contai ...	1993	8242846
ntp toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of turmeric oleoresin (cas no. 8024-37-1) (major component 79%-85% curcumin, cas no. 458-37-7) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (feed studies).	turmeric oleoresin is the organic extract of turmeric, a ground powder from the root of the curcuma plant, and is added to food items as a spice and coloring agent. turmeric oleoresin, turmeric, and curcumin (the major component found in turmeric) were nominated by the national cancer institute and the food and drug administration for study because these chemicals are used in food items and curry powders, and there was little information on their toxic or carcinogenic properties. pure curcumin w ...	1993	12616304
inhibition of aflatoxin-induced liver damage in ducklings by food additives.	inhibitory effects of food additives on toxicity induced by aflatoxin b1 was conducted in 3-day-old ducklings. aflatoxin b1 at a dose of 5 μg/day per animal for 14 days induced severe liver damage which included necrosis, fatty changes, and biliary hyperplasia. these changes were found to be inhibited by the daily administration of turmeric (50mg), curcumin (10 mg), and ellagic acid (10 mg) in the diet. addition of bha-butylated hydroxy anisole (10 mg), bht-butylated hydroxy toluene (10 mg), gar ...	1993	23606063
curcuma longa linn. in the treatment of gastric ulcer comparison to liquid antacid: a controlled clinical trial.		1993	7964234
scavenging of superoxide anions by spice principles.	effect of spice principles on scavenging of superoxide anion has been investigated. the superoxide anions, as measured by nitrobluetetrazolium (nbt) reduction in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, were inhibited by superoxide dismutase, spice principles eugenol (cloves) and cuminaldehyde (cumin), antioxidants, butylated hydroxy toluene and butylated hydroxyanisole in a dose-dependent manner. the k(i) values for the inhibition of nbt reduction by eugenol and cuminaldehyde were 64 microm and 120 mi ...	1993	8394839
arabinogalactan core structure and immunological activities of ukonan c, an acidic polysaccharide from the rhizome of curcuma longa.	controlled smith degradation of ukonan c, a phagocytosis-activating polysaccharide isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l., was performed. the reticuloendothelial system-potentiating, anti-complementary and alkaline phosphatase-inducing activities of ukonan c and its degradation products were investigated. methylation analyses of the primary and secondary smith degradation products and of a de-arabinosylated product indicated that structural features of the arabinogalactan core of ukonan c ...	1993	8364466
retention of ascorbic acid in pickles--effect of different spices and salt (an in vitro study).	effect of spices, different concentration of sodium chloride and other salts on retention of ascorbic acid during storage period (21 days in case of spices and eight days for salts) was studied. the retention of ascorbic acid with the addition of 24% nacl was 55%, followed by 37% with red chillies, fenugreek, turmeric; 32% with the addition of pepper, sugar and 26% with mustard and asafoetida. when all the spices and salt were added together, the retention was much higher (73%) than those with i ...	1993	8121472
diminution of singlet oxygen-induced dna damage by curcumin and related antioxidants.	curcumin, the natural antioxidant from turmeric, an indian spice, and its derivatives have significant abilities to protect plasmid pbr322 dna against single-strand breaks induced by singlet oxygen (1o2), a reactive oxygen species with potential genotoxic/mutagenic properties. 1o2 was generated at 37 degrees c in an aqueous buffer system by the thermal dissociation of the endoperoxide of 3,3'-(1,4-naphthylene)dipropionate (ndpo2). among the compounds tested, curcumin was the most effective inhib ...	1994	7526190
studies on the inhibitory effects of curcumin and eugenol on the formation of reactive oxygen species and the oxidation of ferrous iron.	the spice principles curcumin (from turmeric) and eugenol (from cloves) are good inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. lipid peroxidation is known to be initiated by reactive oxygen species. the effect of curcumin and eugenol on the generation of reactive oxygen species in model systems were investigated. both curcumin and eugenol inhibited superoxide anion generation in xanthine-xanthine oxidase system to an extent of 40% and 50% at concentrations of 75 microm and 250 microm respectively. curcumin ...	1994	7845373
spectral and photochemical properties of curcumin.	curcumin, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione, is a natural yellow-orange dye derived from the rhizome of curcuma longa, an east indian plant. in order to understand the photobiology of curcumin better we have studied the spectral and photochemical properties of both curcumin and 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-3-buten-2-one (hc, half curcumin) in different solvents. in toluene, the absorption spectrum of curcumin contains some structure, which disappears in more polar solvent ...	1994	8016208
highlight on the studies of anticancer drugs derived from plants in china.	recent progress on the study of anticancer drugs originating from plants in china is reviewed in this paper. guided by the experience of traditional chinese medicine, several new drugs have been found. indirubin from indigofera tinctoria is useful for the treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. irisquinone from iris latea pallasii and 10-hydroxy camptothecin from camptotheca accuminata have exhibited definite activity on rodent tumors. recent studies indicate that ginsenoside rh2 is an inducer ...	1994	8142920
identification of an active principle in essential oils and hexane-soluble fractions of curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb. showing triglyceride-lowering action in rats.	curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb. (c. xanthorrhiza), known as temu lawak or javanese turmeric, has been traditionally used in indonesia for food and medicinal purposes. as little attention has been focused on the role of c. xanthorrhiza in lipid metabolism, the hypotriglyceridaemic activity and the active principles of the essential oil and hexane-soluble fractions prepared from c. xanthorrhiza were investigated in rats. the major component (approx. 65%) of the essential oil was identified as alpha-cur ...	1994	8157222
effect of dietary turmeric (curcuma longa) on iron-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat liver.	male wistar rats were fed a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 1% (by weight) turmeric for 10 wk. in rats injected with 30 mg fe2+/kg body weight, lipid peroxidation was 29 and 35% lower in liver homogenates and microsomes, respectively, of turmeric-fed rats than in those of rats fed the control diet. the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were higher (by 19, 19 and 20%, respectively) in liver homogenates of rats fed the turmeric-containing di ...	1994	8157223
in vitro studies on chemoprotective effect of purnark against benzo(a)pyrene-induced chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes.	human lymphocytes were used as an assay system to test chemopreventive activity of natural products. purnark, a mixture of extracts of turmeric, betel leaf and catechu, was tested for its chemoprotective activity against bp induced dna damage. sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei were used as markers to assess the protective activity of purnark. purnark gave 50-60% protection against bp induced sces and micronuclei. purnark at 100 micrograms dose did not show any genotoxicity.	1994	8186767
chemoprevention of mammary tumor virus-induced and chemical carcinogen-induced rodent mammary tumors by natural plant products.	the natural plant products turmeric, beta-carotene, catechin, and betel leaf extract were evaluated for their antitumor effects on mammary tumorigenesis in murine mammary tumor expressing c3h (jax) mice and in wistar rats treated with the chemical carcinogen 7-12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba). administration of turmeric through the diet and of beta-carotene, catechin, and betel leaf extract through the drinking water to virgin female c3h mice resulted in decreased tumor incidence and tumor bu ...	1994	7526904
effect of retinol deficiency and curcumin or turmeric feeding on brain na(+)-k+ adenosine triphosphatase activity.	the effect of retinol deficiency and curcumin and turmeric feeding on brain microsomal na(+)-k(+)atpase activity was investigated. the brain na(+)-k(+)atpase activity registered an increase of 148.5% as compared to the control group. upon treating retinol deficient rats with curcumin or turmeric, the abnormally elevated activity showed a decrease of 36.9 and 47.1%, respectively, when compared to the retinol deficient group. an increase in vmax by 67% and km by 66% for atp was observed in the ret ...	1994	7845384
influence of spices on protein utilisation of winged bean (psophocarpus tetragonolobus) and horsegram (dolichos biflorus).	the influence of a mixture of eleven spices commonly consumed in india on the utilisation of protein from boiled winged bean (psophocarpus tetragonolobus) and horsegram (dolichos biflorus) was studied at 10 and 20 percent level of protein intake in experimental rats. spices used in the mixture include red chillies (capsicum annum), black pepper (piper nigrum), coriander (coriandrum sativum), cumin (cuminum cyminum), garlic (allium sativum), ajowan (carum copticum), turmeric (curcuma longa), cara ...	1994	7855088
adjuvant chemoprevention of experimental cancer: catechin and dietary turmeric in forestomach and oral cancer models.	catechin and dietary turmeric (curcuma longa) were used as chemopreventive agents in benzo[a]pyrene induced forestomach tumors in swiss mice and methyl-(acetoxymethyl)-nitrosamine induced oral mucosal tumors in syrian golden hamsters. catechin in drinking water and dietary turmeric significantly inhibited the tumor burden and tumor incidence in both tumor models. the induction of oral tumors in golden hamsters was delayed by catechin and dietary turmeric. adjuvant chemoprevention utilising both ...	1994	7898128
effect of intraduodenal infusion of tocamphyl on pancreatic exocrine secretion and gastrointestinal hormone release in rats.	tocamphyl is a synthetic choleretic that is derived from a root extract of curcuma longa, l. we investigated the effect of tocamphyl on pancreatic exocrine secretion and bile flow, and on the release of some gastrointestinal hormones, by administering it intraduodenally using anesthetized rats. tocamphyl stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion in terms of volume and amylase output in a dose-related manner. neither a cck-receptor antagonist, cr1505 (loxiglumide), nor atropine sulfate infused int ...	1994	7930779
curcumin inhibits tpa induced expression of c-fos, c-jun and c-myc proto-oncogenes messenger rnas in mouse skin.	curcumin is a major chemical constituent of turmeric normally eaten by humans. 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (tpa) is a strong promoter of chemically induced skin cancer. the exact mechanism by which tpa promotes skin cancer is not clear. however, it is known that tpa elevates the expression of oncogenes involved in cell proliferation. recently, it has been shown that turmeric or curcumin significantly inhibits tpa-induced tumor promotion on mouse skin. however, the mechanism by which cu ...	1994	7954373
inhibitory effects of dietary curcumin on forestomach, duodenal, and colon carcinogenesis in mice.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a yellow pigment that is obtained from the rhizomes of curcuma longa linn., is a major component of turmeric and is commonly used as a spice and food-coloring agent. the inhibitory effects of feeding commercial grade curcumin (77% curcumin, 17% demethoxycurcumin, and 3% bisdemethoxycurcumin) in ain 76a diet on carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in the forestomach, duodenum, and colon of mice were evaluated. administration p.o. of commercial grade curcumin in the diet ...	1994	7954412
role of capsaicin, curcumin and dietary n-3 fatty acids in lowering the generation of reactive oxygen species in rat peritoneal macrophages.	reactive oxygen species (ros) generated by activated macrophages play an important role in the initiation of inflammation. ten different spice principles, some of which with known anti-inflammatory properties, were tested for their effect on generation of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and nitrite radical generation by activated rat peritoneal macrophages. preincubation of macrophages with 10 microm capsaicin (from red pepper) or 10 microm curcumin (from turmeric) completely inhibited the ...	1994	7981240
photocytotoxicity of curcumin.	curcumin, bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-diene-3,5-dione, is a yellow-orange dye derived from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa. curcumin has demonstrated phototoxicity to several species of bacteria under aerobic conditions (dahl, t. a., et al., 1989, arch. microbiol. 151 183), denoting photodynamic inactivation. we have now found that curcumin is also phototoxic to mammalian cells, using a rat basophilic leukemia cell model, and that this phototoxicity again requires the presence of o ...	1994	8016207
effects of three dietary phytochemicals from tea, rosemary and turmeric on inflammation-induced nitrite production.	in chronic inflammation, cytokines induce the production of nitric oxide (no.) that is converted to dna damaging and carcinogenic peroxynitrite and nitrite. the compounds epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), carnosol, and curcumin are non-vitamin phytochemicals contained in commonly consumed dietary plants. they are known to be anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive. therefore, we studied their effect on the generation of peroxynitrite radicals and nitrite. they inhibited lipopolysaccharide (lps) a ...	1995	7553604
effects of curcumin on the formation of benzo[a]pyrene derived dna adducts in vitro.	the effects of turmeric (t), curcumins (cs), aqueous turmeric extract (ate) and curcumin-free aqueous turmeric extract (cfate) on the formation of [3h]benzo[a]pyrene ([3h]b(a)p)-derived dna adducts was studied in vitro employing mouse liver s9. a dose-dependent decrease in binding of [3h]b(a)p metabolites to calf thymus dna was observed in the presence of t, cs and ate but not in the presence of cfate, suggesting curcumins to be active principles. further studies employing mouse liver microsomes ...	1995	7553610
postnatal modulation of hepatic biotransformation system enzymes via translactational exposure of f1 mouse pups to turmeric and curcumin.	the potential for the transfer of active principle(s) of turmeric (curcuma longa l.) and curcumin (major pigment in turmeric) via translactational route and its modulatory influence on the hepatic biotransformation system enzymes in the lactating dams and their suckling offspring was assessed. turmeric (4 g/kg b.w. per day) and curcumin (0.4 g/kg b.w. per day) induced significant (p < 0.01) increase in the hepatic levels of glutathione s-transferase (gst) and acid soluble sulfhydryl (-sh) after ...	1995	7553612
inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase by curcumin.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the yellow pigment in turmeric (curcuma longa l.) that is widely used as a spice, food coloring (curry) and preservative. curcumin exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious activities and is currently in clinical trials for aids patients. the effects of curcumin have been determined on purified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) integrase. curcumin has an inhibitory concentration50 (ic50) for ...	1995	7748198
curcumin, a major component of food spice turmeric (curcuma longa) inhibits aggregation and alters eicosanoid metabolism in human blood platelets.	in traditional medicine, ayurveda, several spices and herbs are held to possess medicinal properties. earlier we have reported that extracts from several spices, including turmeric, inhibit platelet aggregation and modulate eicosanoid biosynthesis. due to their eicosanoid-modulating property, it was suggested that the spices may serve to provide clues to drugs directed to arachidonic acid (aa) pathway enzymes as pharmacological targets. curcumin, a major component of turmeric, inhibited platelet ...	1995	7784468
inhibition of tumor necrosis factor by curcumin, a phytochemical.	curcumin, contained in the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa linn, is a naturally occurring phytochemical that has been used widely in india and indonesia for the treatment of inflammation. the pleiotropic cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf) induces the production of interleukin-1 beta (il-1), and, together, they play significant roles in many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intracellular parasitic infections, atherosclerosis, aid ...	1995	7786295
chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by dietary curcumin, a naturally occurring plant phenolic compound.	human epidemiological and laboratory animal model studies have suggested that nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce the risk of development of colon cancer and that the inhibition of colon carcinogenesis is mediated through the alteration in cyclooxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid. curcumin, which is a naturally occurring compound, is present in turmeric, possesses both antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties, and has been tested for its chemopreventive properties in skin and fore ...	1995	7812955
antioxidative activity of tetrahydrocurcuminoids.	in order to develop a new type of antioxidative compound which has both the phenolic and beta-diketone moiety in the same molecule, we converted three known curcuminoids, curcumin (diferuloylmethane, u1), (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl)methane (u2), and bis-(4-hydroxycinnamoyl)methane (u3), which are the natural antioxidants of curcuma longa l. (tumeric), to tetrahydrocurcuminoids (thu1, thu2, and thu3, respectively) by hydrogenation, and evaluated their antioxidative activity by using linoleic a ...	1995	8520105
mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of selected spices.	using salmonella typhimurium strains ta 100 and ta 1535, the mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of extracts of several spices were checked. spices like pepper, pippali, ginger and mustard increased the number of revertants indicating their mutagenic potential. garlic extract on the other hand was found to inhibit the mutagenicity produced by direct acting mutagens such as n-methyl n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and sodium azide. asafoetida and turmetic extract were found to inhibit microsomal activ ...	1995	8582746
antifungal activity of turmeric oil extracted from curcuma longa (zingiberaceae).	turmeric oil and curcumin, isolated from curcuma longa l., were studied against fifteen isolates of dermatophytes, four isolates of pathogenic molds and six isolates of yeasts. the inhibitory activity of turmeric oil was tested in trichophyton-induced dermatophytosis in guinea pigs. the results showed that all 15 isolates of dermatophytes could be inhibited by turmeric oil at dilutions of 1:40-1:320. none of the isolates of dermatophytes were inhibited by curcumin. the other four isolates of pat ...	1995	8824742
the anti-oxidant activity of turmeric (curcuma longa).	the turmeric anti-oxidant protein (tap) had been isolated from the aqueous extract of turmeric. the anti-oxidant principle was found to be a heat stable protein. trypsin treatment abolished the anti-oxidant activity. the anti-oxidant principle had an absorbance maximum at 280 nm. after gel filtration, the protein showed a 2-fold increase in anti-oxidant activity and showed 2 bands in the sds-page with approximate molecular weight range of 24,000 da. the protein showed a concentration-dependent i ...	1995	7500637
multicentric, placebo-controlled, randomised double-blind evaluation of a new herbal cream in vagial infections.	efficacyand safety of a new herbal cream containing aqueous extracts of azadirachta indica, curcuma longa, pongamia glabra, glycyrrihiza glabra and santallum album were evaluated in amulticentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. with active drug treatment, there was significant improvement in various signs like redness, oedema and symptoms like itching, burning, discharge and discomfort, compared to placebo treatment. microscopic examination of smear and culture showed signif ...	1995	22556701
anti-tumour and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids.	matural curcuminoids, curcumin, i, ii and iii isolated from turmeric (curcuma longa) were compared for their cytotoxic, tumour reducing and antioxidant activities. curcumin iii was found to be more active than the other two as a cytotoxic agent and in the inhibition of ehrlich ascites tumour in mice (ils 74.1%). these compounds were also checked for their antioxidant activity which possibly indicates their potential use as anti-promoters. the amount of curcuminoids (i, ii and iii) needed for 50% ...	1995	7621448
detection and estimation of curcumba longa in ayurvedic preparations.	methods were evolved for the detection of curcuma longa in ayurvedic preparations. a simple method was also found out for the estimation of curcuma longa in vachalasunyadhi taila using the formula -a = b/.32. where a is the actual weight of curcuma longa in vilupatra tailam and b is the weight obtained from graph of concentration of curcuma longa vs od. the methods evolved are so simple that it does not require any sophisticated instruments and hence it can be carried out in any quality control ...	1995	22556720
hematoxylin-lac-curcuma polychrome stain for mucin.	a polychrome method for detection of mucin substance in paraffin section is produced by sequential stepwise staining of hematoxylin, crude lac extract (laccifer lacca), and crude curcuma extract (khamin shan-curcuma longa). the name laccur stain is proposed. after a tissue section is deparaffinized and rehydrated, it is stained with weigert's hematoxylin for 7 minutes. after a quick wash, it is stained for at least 3 hours with lac dye mordanted with aluminum chloride. washed again and premordan ...	1995	7543924
protective and therapeutic effects of curcuma xanthorrhiza on hepatotoxin-induced liver damage.	curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb. (zingiberaceae family, commonly known as temu lawak or javanese turmeric in indonesia), which is found both wild and cultivated in indonesia, has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. c. xanthorrhiza is also used as a tonic in indonesia. the aim of the present study is to clarify whether c. xanthorrhiza treatment may prevent acute liver damage induced by acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride in mice. the results clearly indicated that extract of c. xanthorrh ...	1995	8571920
diet, nutrition & cancer--the indian scenario.	cancer continues to be a major health problem despite advances in medical technology for its diagnosis and treatment. hence prevention strategies are needed to decrease the burden of the disease. of all the environmental factors, dietary components appear to play an important role in the initiation/progression of the disease. nutrients and non-nutrients in the diet can influence the carcinogenic process at various stages, from initiation to overt manifestation. the national institute of nutritio ...	1995	8675239
induction of hsp70 gene expression by modulation of ca(+2) ion and cellular p53 protein by curcumin in colorectal carcinoma cells.	curcumin (diferuloyl methane) is the major active yellow pigment of turmeric and curry. studies in recent years have indicated that curcumin is a potent inhibitor of the initiation and promotion of chemical carcinogen-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. when colo205 colorectal carcinoma cells were treated with curcumin (60 microm), the appearance of apoptotic dna ladders was delayed about 5 h, and g1 arrest was detected. further analysis of the endonuclease activities in these cells revealed th ...	1996	8989916
[curcuma longa l. tuber yield simulation model and its application under combined agronomic measures for good-quality, high-yield and obvious economic results].	a design of second order orthogonal rotative regression was developed and field tested, and the tuber models for yield, quality and benefit were simulated and built. the effect of agronomic measures on the tuber yield is plant density > phosphorus > sowing date > nitrogen > potassium. there is a clear interrelation effect among agronomic measures. the results of simulation experiment have shown that the optimal combination of farming practices can greatly increase the tuber yield, quality and be ...	1996	9772639
[rules of the absorption, distribution and translocation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in turmeric plant].	it has been found out that the percentages of nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p) and potassium (k) in turmeric plant (curcuma longa) are higher in young organs. varying with the growth stages, the nutrient contents of the plant, whose amount order is k > n > p are the highest in the seedling stage. nutrient absorption occurs mainly in the young turmeric forming stage and enriching stage. nutrient translocation takes place mainly from leaves and leaf stalks to young and old turmeric, the rate of p bein ...	1996	9642404
molecular and biochemical diversity among isolates of radopholus spp. from different areas of the world.	eleven isolates of radopholus similis from various banana-growing areas around the world and one isolate of r. bridgei from turmeric in indonesia were compared using dna and isoenzyme analysis. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a fragment of ribosomal dna (rdna), comprising the two internal transcribed spacers (its) and the 5.8s gene. restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) in this rdna fragment were used to compare the 10 isolates. the analysis of this rdna regio ...	1996	19277160
curcumin trial finds no activity.	a study by the community research initiatives of new england (crine) shows no anti-hiv activity associated with curcumin, a popular herbal medication derived from the spice turmeric. this study contrasts an earlier one done by the search alliance of los angeles, which observed a reduction in viral load. crine attempted to reproduce the earlier results by enrolling forty people in a study. two dosages were used and results were nil for both dosages. neither viral load nor cd4 counts changed signi ...	1996	11363386
antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity of natural and synthetic curcuminoids.	five synthetic curcuminoids and three natural curcuminoids were investigated for their antimutagenic and anti-promotional activity. the natural curcuminoids, curcumin i (diferuloylmethane), curcumin ii (feruloyl-p-hydroxycinnamoylmethane) and curcumin iii (bis-(p-hydroxycinnamoyl)methane) isolated from curcuma longa were found to be potent inhibitors of mutagenesis and crotean oil-induced tumour promotion. curcumin iii produced 87.6% inhibition to 2-acetamidofluorene (2-aaf) induced mutagenesis, ...	1996	8879271
curcumin protects against 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal-induced cataract formation in rat lenses.	age-related cataractogenesis is a significant health problem worldwide. oxidative stress has been suggested to be a common underlying mechanism of cataractogenesis, and augmentation of the antioxidant defenses of the ocular lens has been shown to prevent or delay cataractogenesis. the present studies were designed to test the efficacy of curcumin, an antioxidant present in the commonly used spice turmeric, in preventing cataractogenesis in an in vitro rat model. rats were maintained on an ain-76 ...	1996	8901798
curcumin inhibits the proliferation and cell cycle progression of human umbilical vein endothelial cell.	we have studied the effect of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a major component of the food flavor turmeric, on the proliferation and cell cycle progression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec). curcumin inhibited the dna synthesis of huvec as revealed by [3h]thymidine incorporation in a dose-dependent manner without significantly affecting the viability of the cells. the growth of huvec stimulated with fibroblast growth factor (fgf) and endothelial growth supplement (ecgs) was also i ...	1996	8913274
enhancing effect of ultraviolet a on ornithine decarboxylase induction and dermatitis evoked by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and its inhibition by curcumin in mouse skin.	previous studies have demonstrated appreciable tumor induction in mouse skin by daily irradiation with high-power long-wavelength ultraviolet a (uva).	1996	8993955
effect of plant extracts and systemic fungicide on the pineapple fruit-rotting fungus, ceratocystis paradoxa.	antifungal activities of extracts of sixteen plants were tested against ceratocystis paradoxa which causes soft rot of pineapples. xanthium strumarium was the most effective followed by allium sativum. the effectiveness of various extracts against c. paradoxa was in the decreasing order of meriandra bengalensis, mentha piperita, curcuma longa, phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, toona ciliata, vitex negundo, azadirachta indica, eupatorium birmanicum, ocimum sanctum and leucas aspera. extracts of cassia ...	1996	9022263
[effect of organic fertilizer and mineral fertilizer on the tuber yield of curcuma longa l].	regression method of orthogonal conic substitution with factors was employed to build up the tuber models for yield, quality and benefit. three main measures affecting the tuber yield, quality and benefit were analyzed by these mathematical models. the effect of agronomic measures on the tuber yield is human and livestock excreta, rape cake > ca3(po4)2 > kcl. the optimal combination of farming practices has been obtained according to the analysis of these models.	1996	9812688
effect of curcumin and eugenol on iron-induced hepatic toxicity in rats.	male wistar rats injected i.p. with 30 mg fe2+/kg body weight show hepatic damage as measured by an increase in lipid peroxides which correlated with elevated serum enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (alat), aspartate aminotransferase (asat) and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh). oral administration of spice principles, curcumin from turmeric (30 mg/kg body weight) or eugenol from cloves (100 mg/kg body weight), for 10 days lowered the liver and serum lipid peroxide levels, serum alat, asat and ldh, en ...	1996	8597030
inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced mammary tumorigenesis and dmba-dna adduct formation by curcumin.	curcumin, a constituent of the traditional indian spice and medicine turmeric, was evaluated for its capacity to inhibit the mammary tumor initiating activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) and the in vivo formation of mammary dmba-dna adducts in the female rat. administration (i.p.) of curcumin at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg doses was associated with a significant decrease in the number of palpable mammary tumors and mammary adenocarcinomas. the in vivo formation of mammary dmba-dna adduc ...	1996	8635149
inhibitory effect of spices on in vitro histamine production and histidine decarboxylase activity of morganella morganii and on the biogenic amine formation in mackerel stored at 30 degrees c.	the inhibitory effects of clove, cinnamon, cardamom, turmeric and pepper on the histamine production and histidine decarboxylase activity of morganella morganii (a potent histamine-producing bacteria in fish) was examined at 30 degrees c using hplc. cinnamon and clove exhibited a significant (p < 0.01) inhibitory effect, whereas turmeric and cardamom had a moderate effect. these spices were applied to whole mackerel at a level of 3% and their inhibitory effect on biogenic amine formation at 30 d ...	1996	8765991
inhibition of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase by curcumin.	curcumin [diferuloylmethane; 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione], a major bioactive secondary metabolite found in the rhizomes of turmeric (curcuma longa), is an inhibitor of ca(2+)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase c (pkc) and of the catalytic subunit (cak) of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase (ic50 values 15 and 4.8 microm, respectively). curcumin inhibits plant ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (cdpk) (ic50 41 microm), but does not inhibit myosin light chain ...	1996	8768315
hypolipidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (curcuma longa) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.	streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were maintained on 0.5% curcumin containing diet for 8 weeks. blood cholesterol was lowered significantly by dietary curcumin in these diabetic animals. cholesterol decrease was exclusively from ldl-vldl fraction. significant decrease in blood triglyceride and phospholipids was also brought about by dietary curcumin in diabetic rats. in a parallel study, wherein diabetic animals were maintained on a high cholesterol diet, the extents of hypercholesterolemia a ...	1997	9046034
inhibitory effects of topical application of low doses of curcumin on 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor promotion and oxidized dna bases in mouse epidermis.	the effects of topical applications of very low doses of curcumin (the major yellow pigment in turmeric and the indian food curry) on 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-induced oxidation of dna bases in the epidermis and on tumor promotion in mouse skin were investigated. cd-1 mice were treated topically with 200 nmol of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene followed one week later by 5 nmol of tpa alone or together with 1, 10, 100 or 3000 nmol of curcumin twice a week for 20 weeks. curcumin-me ...	1997	9054592
presence of an acidic glycoprotein in the serum of arthritic rats: modulation by capsaicin and curcumin.	levels of various serum proteins were found to change in adjuvant induced arthritis. increased levels of a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 72 kda (gp a72) were observed in the sera of arthritic rats. gp a72 is an acidic glycoprotein with a pi of 5.1. gp a72 also showed antitryptic activity. the appearance of gp a72 in the serum preceded the onset of paw inflammation in arthritic rats and persisted in the chronic phase. oral administration of the antiinflammatory spice principle ...	1997	9089639
protective effect of food additives on aflatoxin-induced mutagenicity and hepatocarcinogenicity.	food additives such as turmeric (curcuma longa), and active ingredient curcumin (diferuloyl methane), asafoetida (flavouring agent), butylated hydroxyanisole (bha), butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) and ellagic acid were found to inhibit the mutagenesis induced by aflatoxin b1 (afb1) (0.5 microg/plate) in salmonella tester strains ta 98 and ta 100. turmeric and curcumin, which were the most active, inhibited mutation frequency by more than 80% at concentrations of 2 microg/plate. other food additiv ...	1997	9149115
curcumin and genistein, plant natural products, show synergistic inhibitory effects on the growth of human breast cancer mcf-7 cells induced by estrogenic pesticides.	curcumin and genistein are two natural products of plants obtained from curcuma longa linn (turmeric) and soybeans, respectively. both compounds when present at micromolar concentrations are able to inhibit the growth of estrogen-positive human breast mcf-7 cells induced individually or by a mixture of the pesticides endosulfane, ddt and chlordane or 17-beta estradiol. when curcumin and genistein were added together to mcf-7 cells, a synergistic effect resulting in a total inhibition of the indu ...	1997	9168916
antiproliferative effect of curcumin (diferuloylmethane) against human breast tumor cell lines.	pharmacologically safe compounds that can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells have potential as anticancer agents. curcumin, a diferuloylmethane, is a major active component of the food flavor turmeric (curcuma longa) that exhibits anticarcinogenic properties in vivo. in vitro, it suppressed c-jun/ap-1 and nf-kappab activation and type 1 human immunodeficiency virus long-terminal repeat-directed gene expression. we examined the antiproliferative effects of curcumin against several breast tu ...	1997	9215611
inhibitory effect of dietary curcumin on skin carcinogenesis in mice.	laboratory animal model studies have suggested that curcumin may play an important role in inhibiting the process of carcinogenesis. curcumin, the yellow pigment that is obtained from rhizomes of the plant curcuma longa linn (family zingiberaceae), is commonly used as a spice and food coloring agent. the present study was designed to investigate the chemopreventive action of dietary curcumin on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-initiated and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-promote ...	1997	9215864
protective effect of curcuminoids on epidermal skin cells under free oxygen radical stress.	curcuminoids from curcuma longa l. (zingiberaceae) protected normal human keratinocytes from hypoxanthine/ xanthine oxidase injury. since curcuminoids synergistically inhibited nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, a decrease in superoxide radical formation leading to lower levels of cytotoxic hydrogen peroxide was proposed as an explanation for this protective effect.	1997	9225611
influence of retinol deficiency and curcumin/turmeric feeding on tissue microsomal membrane lipid peroxidation and fatty acids in rats.	the effect of retinol deficiency and curcumin/turmeric on lipid peroxidation and fatty acid profile was studied in liver, kidney, spleen and brain microsomes of rats. results revealed an increase in lipid peroxidation in retinol deficient liver by 32%, kidney 30%, spleen 24% and brain 43% compared to the controls. feeding 0.1% curcumin or turmeric for three weeks in diet to retinol deficient rats reduced the lipid peroxidation respectively to 12.5 or 22.6%, in liver, 23.7 or 24.1% in kidney, 14. ...	1997	9350032
inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis of human and rat t lymphocytes by curcumin, a curry pigment.	curcumin (diferuoylmethane), the yellow pigment in the rhizome of tumeric (curcuma longa), an ingredient of curry spice, is known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological effects including antitumor, antiinflammatory, and antiinfectious activities. although its precise mode of action remains elusive, curcumin has been shown to suppress the activity of the ap-1 transcription factor in cells stimulated to proliferate. in this study, we observed that curcumin (50 microm) inhibited proliferation of r ...	1997	9354590
inhibitory effect on curcumin on mammalian phospholipase d activity.	curcumin, the major yellow pigment of turmeric (curcuma longa), has strong anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. we examined the effects of curcumin on enzyme activities of the following phospholipases in a cell-free system: g protein-mediated phospholipase d (pld), phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c, and phospholipase a2 from mouse macrophage-like cell line j774.1 cells, sphingomyelinase from bovine brain, and phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. cu ...	1997	9395294
effect of curcumin and capsaicin on arachidonic acid metabolism and lysosomal enzyme secretion by rat peritoneal macrophages.	the inflammatory mediators secreted by macrophages play an important role in autoimmune diseases. spice components, such as curcumin from turmeric and capsaicin from red pepper, are shown to exhibit antiinflammatory properties. the influence of these spice components on arachidonic acid metabolism and secretion of lysosomal enzymes by macrophages was investigated. rat peritoneal macrophages preincubated with 10 microm curcumin or capsaicin for 1 h inhibited the incorporation of arachidonic acid ...	1997	9397403
curcumin, a natural plant phenolic food additive, inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle changes in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines by a prostaglandin-independent pathway.	curcumin, the active ingredient of the rhizome of the plant turmeric (curcuma longa linn), a commonly used spice, prevents cancer in animal tumor models. its mechanism of action is unknown; curcumin may act by inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolism. to explore the mechanism of curcumin's chemopreventive effect, we studied its role in proliferation and apoptosis in the ht-29 and hct-15 human colon cancer cell lines. curcumin dose-dependently reduced the proliferation rate of both cell lines, caus ...	1997	9422331
inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the naturally occurring yellow pigment in turmeric and curry, is isolated from the rhizomes of the plant curcuma longa linn. curcumin inhibits tumorigenesis during both initiation and promotion (post-initiation) periods in several experimental animal models. topical application of curcumin inhibits benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p)-mediated formation of dna-b[a]p adducts in the epidermis. it also reduces 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa)-induced increases in skin infl ...	1997	9591190
biological screening of 100 plant extracts for cosmetic use (ii): anti-oxidative activity and free radical scavenging activity.	methanol aqueous extracts of 100 plants were screened for anti-oxidative activity using fenton's reagent/ethyl linoleate system and for free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical generating system. the results suggest that 14 plants - alpinia officinarum, areca catechu, brassica alba, cannabis sativa, curcuma longa, curcuma aromatica, eugenia caryophyllata, evodia officinalis, paeonia suffruticosa, rhaphanus sativus, rheum palmatum, rhus verniciflua, t ...	1997	18505484
curcuma longa: culinary turmeric.		1997	9422340
inhibitory effects of curcumin-free aqueous turmeric extract on benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach papillomas in mice.	the modulating effects of curcumin-free aqueous turmeric extract (cfate), ethanolic turmeric extract (ete) and turmeric (t) powder on the benzo(a)pyrene (b(a)p)-induced forestomach tumors were investigated in swiss female albino mice receiving oral administration of b(a)p at a dose of 1 mg twice weekly for 4 weeks. administration of 0.2%/1.0%/5.0% turmeric-derived cfate as sole source of drinking water or 0.01%/0.05%/0.25% ete in diet or 0.2%/1.0%/5.0% t in diet, 2 weeks before, during and 2 wee ...	1997	9310263
effects of the antioxidant turmeric on lipoprotein peroxides: implications for the prevention of atherosclerosis.	extracts from the rhyzome of curcuma longa are widely used as food additives in india and other asiatic and central american countries. it has been shown that these extracts ("turmeric"), as well as "curcumin" and related phenolic compounds isolated from curcuma, have a powerful antioxidant action when tested in in vitro systems. moreover, previous research from our laboratories has shown significant decreases in the levels of lipid peroxides in the blood of both mice and human subjects administ ...	1997	23604308
[technological study on the supercritical-co2 fluid extraction of curcuma longa oils].	this paper first reports technological study on the extraction of curcuma longa oils by supercritical-co2 fluid, mainly studies the influence of pressure, temperature, flow rate of co2 and time on the yield of the oils, determines optimum technology of extracting the oils, analyzes chemical constituents extracted, compares the oils from sfe-co2 and sd technology, studies industrial test on the sf-co2 extraction. the results shows pressure and temperature are more important factors of influence; ...	1997	12572431
effect of turmeric oil and turmeric oleoresin on cytogenetic damage in patients suffering from oral submucous fibrosis.	in vitro studies on the effect of alcoholic extracts of turmeric (te), turmeric oil (to) and turmeric oleoresin (tor), on the incidence of micronuclei (mn) in lymphocytes from normal healthy subjects showed that the test compounds did not cause any increase in the number of mn as compared with those found in untreated controls. further it was observed that all three compounds offered protection against benzo[a]pyrene induced increase in mn in circulating lymphocytes. in subsequent studies, patie ...	1997	9215873
[optimal high-yield agronomic measures for curcuma longa l].	regression method of orthogonal conic substitution with factors was employed to build up a tuber yield simulation model. three main measures (sowing time, plant population, application rate of fertilizer) affecting the tuber yield were analyzed by the mathematical model of three unknown second order orthogonal rotative regression. the optimal agronomic measures were obtained. the results indicate that sowing time and plant population play a important role in raising the tuber yield. sowing time ...	1997	10743182
[effect of cultivating measures on the tuber yield of curcuma longa l].	the effect of cultivating measures on the tuber yield of curcuma longa was observed. dibble planting has been proved move effective in raising the tuber yield than drill culture, and the dibble planting quantity has no effect on the tuber. the rational producing area, soil, seed tuber and so on were selected according to the experiments.	1997	10743196
allergic contact dermatitis from curcumin (turmeric).		1997	9062750
free radical reactions of curcumin in membrane models.	free radical reactions of curumin, a lipid soluble antioxidant from turmeric (curcuma longa), have been studied with a variety of oxidants using tx 100 micelle as a model membrane. the phenoxyl radicals of curcumin generated by one electron oxidizing azide radicals in acetonitrile-water mixture and tx 100 micelles show very similar spectral behavior. however, in membrane models the radical lifetimes and the molar extinction coefficients are significantly different from the homogeneous solutions. ...	1997	9378362
[contents of free amino acids and water-soluble carbohydrates in curcuma longa l. at different stages of growth].	closely related to the development of plant organs, the contents of free amino acids and water-soluble carbohydrates in curcuma longa vary with the course of growth. the ratio of the two contents rises with the growing periods, and reaches a maximum in the later stages of growth.	1997	11243180
[ontogeny of curcuma longa l].	based on the research of growth of organs, accumulation of dry matter, distribution of photosynthetic production and displacement of growth centre, the growth of turmeric can be divided into three stages. there are 13 leaves in the life of turmeric. leaf formation takes place rapidly to form 8 leaves in the seedling stage. the leaf area and increase of dry matter per day in roots and leaves are smaller or lower in the seedling stage. in the daughter rhizome formation stage, nar reaches the maxim ...	1997	11038924
inhibition of lipoxygenase 1 by phosphatidylcholine micelles-bound curcumin.	curcumin (diferuloyl methane) from rhizomes of curcuma longa l. binds to phosphatidylcholine (pc) micelles. the binding of curcumin with pc micelles was followed by fluorescence measurements. curcumin emits at 490 nm with an excitation wavelength of 451 nm after binding to pc-mixed micelles stabilized with deoxycholate. curcumin in aqueous solution does not inhibit dioxygenation of fatty acids by lipoxygenase 1 (lox1). but, when bound to pc micelles, it inhibits the oxidation of fatty acids. the ...	1998	9930409
[determination of chemical constituents of the volatile oil from curcuma longa by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].	the study of chemical constituents of the volatile oil from curcuma longa is reported. the volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation. fifteen components in the oil were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(gc/ms). the results were elucidated based on the nbs standard mass spectral data. the total ion current chromatogram showed their mass fraction by normalization method. alpha-curcumene, alpha-zingiberene, 1,8-cineole and zerumbone, which had been reported bef ...	1998	11938917
the effect of environmental factors on elastomeric chain and nickel titanium coil springs.	it is well known that elastomers exhibit viscoelasticity and as such have their mechanical properties modified by temperature. nickel titanium archwires are also affected by temperature and have been modified with specific temperature related properties for clinical use. what is less well known is the effect that other environmental factors, such as food, might have on the force delivery properties of both elastomeric materials and nickel titanium coil springs used for space closure. for instanc ...	1998	9633170
studies on the anticlastogenic effect of turmeric and curcumin on cyclophosphamide and mitomycin c in vivo.	turmeric and its main constituent curcumin were assessed in vivo for their anticlastogenic potential. in one experimental set, swiss albino male mice were given turmeric (8, 12 and 16 mg/kg body weight) or curcumin (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight) as a single intraperitoneal injection. in another set, the mice were given 8 mg/kg body weight of turmeric or one of three concentrations of curcumin (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight) as a dietary supplement by gavage for 7 consecutive days. 30 min after th ...	1998	9487365
the effects of a traditional drug, turmeric (curcuma longa), and placebo on the healing of duodenal ulcer.	in a joint vietnam-sweden prospective double-blind two-center study, the herbal remedy of curcuma longa (turmeric) - in a dosage of 6 g daily as suggested in the vietnamese pharmacopoeia - was compared with an equal amount of placebo in 118 patients, suffering from duodenal ulcer. the patients in the two groups were well matched prior to treatment. clinical assessments were carried out weekly, while laboratory investigations were carried out before beginning of the treatment and after four and e ...	1998	23195696
influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.	the medicinal properties of curcumin obtained from curcuma longa l. cannot be utilised because of poor bioavailability due to its rapid metabolism in the liver and intestinal wall. in this study, the effect of combining piperine, a known inhibitor of hepatic and intestinal glucuronidation, was evaluated on the bioavailability of curcumin in rats and healthy human volunteers. when curcumin was given alone, in the dose 2 g/kg to rats, moderate serum concentrations were achieved over a period of 4 ...	1998	9619120
effects of curcumin on p-glycoprotein in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.	curcumin is a natural phenolic compound found in the rhizomes of curcuma longa and endowed with beneficial biological activities including antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective effects. in this study curcumin was tested for its potential ability to interact in vitro with hepatic p-glycoprotein (pgp), in a model system represented by primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, in which spontaneous overexpression of multidrug resistance (mdr) genes occurs. in both freshly-plated hepatocytes, ...	1998	9651124
ethnoveterinary medicines used for ruminants in trinidad and tobago.	ethnoveterinary research was conducted in trinidad and tobago in 1995, in order to document existing ethnoveterinary practices. this paper describes 20 medicinal plants used to treat ruminants. the main plants used were azadirachta indica and curcuma longa. medicinal plants were used predominantly for endoparasites, internal and external injuries and pregnancy-related conditions. a 4-stage process was used to conduct the research and document the ethnoveterinary practices. this documentation cou ...	1998	9658442
effect of the beta-diketones diferuloylmethane (curcumin) and dibenzoylmethane on rat mammary dna adducts and tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.	curcumin is a beta-diketone constituent of the spice turmeric that possesses anticarcinogenic properties in several animal models. the present studies were conducted in order to identify beta-diketones structurally-related to curcumin that would be effective dietary blocking agents toward the initiation stage of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. of the beta-diketone compounds initially screened for their capacity to induce quinone-reductase (qr) activity i ...	1998	9667742
mechanisms of anticarcinogenic properties of curcumin: the effect of curcumin on glutathione linked detoxification enzymes in rat liver.	curcumin, an antioxidant isolated from turmeric (curcuma longa), has been shown to attenuate chemical carcinogenesis in rodents. previous studies have shown that curcumin causes an increase in glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity in rodent liver which may contribute to its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. since the effects of curcumin on specific gst isozymes and other glutathione (gsh)-linked enzymes are incompletely defined, we have examined in the present studies the effect o ...	1998	9675878
an ethanolic-aqueous extract of curcuma longa decreases the susceptibility of liver microsomes and mitochondria to lipid peroxidation in atherosclerotic rabbits.	atherosclerosis is characterized by oxidative damage which affects lipoproteins, the walls of blood vessels and subcellular membranes. this study evaluates the antioxidant capacity of a curcuma longa extract on the lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and microsome membranes in atherosclerotic rabbits. male rabbits fed a 3% (w/w) lard and 1.3% (w/w) cholesterol diet were randomly assigned to three groups. two groups were treated with different dosages of a turmeric extract (a and b) and the ...	1998	9699009
subchronic oral toxicity of turmeric and ethanolic turmeric extract in female mice and rats.	subchronic oral toxicity of turmeric and ethanolic turmeric extract was studied in female swiss mice and wistar rats fed turmeric (0, 1 and 5%) and ethanolic turmeric extract (0, 0.05 and 0.25%) through diet for 14 and/or 90 days. the administration of a high dose of turmeric (5%) for longer duration (90 days) showed a significant reduction in body weight gain, alterations in absolute and/or relative liver weights, and hepatotoxicity i.e. focal necrosis or focal necrosis with regeneration both i ...	1998	9704820
inhibitory effect of curcuminoids on mcf-7 cell proliferation and structure-activity relationships.	curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin are the yellow coloring phenolic compounds isolated from the spice turmeric. this study was part of a program correlating the biological activity and molecular structure of antitumor agents; the effect of these curcuminoids and cyclocurcumin (cyclocur) was examined on the proliferation of mcf-7 human breast tumor cells. curcuminoids appeared to be potent inhibitors, whereas cyclocur was less inhibitory. to contribute to our understanding of th ...	1998	9714342
effect of curcumin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells.	1. the possible mechanisms of the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenol in the spice turmeric, on vascular smooth muscle cells were studied in rat aortic smooth muscle cell line (a7r5). 2. the proliferative response was determined from the uptake of [3h]-thymidine. curcumin (10(-6)-10(-4) m) inhibited serum-stimulated [3h]-thymidine incorporation of both a7r5 cells and rabbit cultured vascular smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent manner ...	1998	9720770
protective effect of turmeric (curcuma longa l.) extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats.	the protective effect of tumeric extract (te) in diet on ccl4-treated rats was studied. rats were divided into 5 groups: (1) untreated, (2) ccl4 treated, (3) pre-te for 2 weeks followed by ccl4, (4) te + ccl4 given concurrently and (5) 5% te as positive control. the serum levels of bilirubin, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, (ast), alanine amino transferase (ast), (alt) and alkaline phosphatase were estimated after 1, 2 and 3 months. ccl4 caused a maximum increase (2-3-fold in all the ab ...	1998	9731471
curcumin blocks cyclosporine a-resistant cd28 costimulatory pathway of human t-cell proliferation.	curcumin (cur) is a phenolic component of common spice, turmeric. we have reported earlier that it possesses antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties in vitro. it has been reported that cyclosporine a (cya), a commonly used immunosuppressant does not inhibit cd28 costimulatory pathway of t-cell activation. we hypothesized that cur, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, would block cya-resistant cd28 costimulatory pathway of human t cell proliferation.	1998	9733605
mechanism of inhibition of benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach cancer in mice by dietary curcumin.	curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the major yellow pigment in turmeric, has been shown to inhibit benzo[a]pyrene (bap)-induced forestomach cancer in mice through mechanism(s) not fully understood. it is well known that while cytochrome p4501a1 (cyp1a1) and epoxide hydrolase (eh) are important in the conversion of bap to its activated form, (+)-anti-7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene [(+)-anti-bapde], the detoxification of (+)-anti-bapde is accomplished by glutathione (gsh) s-tr ...	1998	9744529
suppression of mouse skin tumor promotion and induction of apoptosis in hl-60 cells by alpinia oxyphylla miquel (zingiberaceae).	there have been considerable efforts to search for naturally occurring substances for the intervention of carcinogenesis. many components from dietary or medicinal plants have been identified that possess substantial chemopreventive properties. an example is curcumin (curcuma longa linn., zingiberaceae), which has been shown to inhibit tumor promotion in experimental carcinogenesis. alpinia oxyphylla miquel, another plant of the ginger family used in oriental herbal medicine, contains diarylhept ...	1998	9744532
stimulation of the stress-induced expression of stress proteins by curcumin in cultured cells and in rat tissues in vivo.	curcumin, a major component of turmeric, a seasoning commonly used in indian food, and a known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic agent, is a potent stimulator of the stress-induced expression of hsp27, alphab crystallin and hsp70. when c6 rat glioma cells were exposed to arsenite (100 microm for 1 h), cdcl2 (100 microm for 1 h) or heat (42 degrees c for 30 min) in the presence of 3-10 microm curcumin, induction of the synthesis of all three proteins was markedly stimulated, as ...	1998	9764755