Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| nutritional manipulation of adult female orius pumilio (hemiptera: anthocoridae) enhances initial predatory performance. | commercial shipments of orius spp. (hemiptera: anthocoridae) commonly include water and protein, the latter typically supplied by eggs from a moth such as ephestia kuehniella (zeller). to determine whether modified dietary conditions might improve predation, newly eclosed adult female orius pumilio (champion) were fed on e. kuehniella eggs plus encapsulated water, encapsulated 5% sucrose solution only, or encapsulated water only for periods of 24, 48, or 72 h. feeding activity was assessed by me ... | 2009 | 19449628 |
| identification of chlorogenic acid as a resistance factor for thrips in chrysanthemum. | western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) has become a key insect pest of agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. little is known about host plant resistance to thrips. in this study, we investigated thrips resistance in chrysanthemum (dendranthema grandiflora). we identified thrips-resistant chrysanthemums applying bioassays. subsequently, nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr)-based metabolomics was applied to compare the metabolome of thrips-resistant and -susceptible chrysanthemum ... | 2009 | 19448039 |
| intra-guild vs extra-guild prey: effect on predator fitness and preference of amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) and neoseiulus cucumeris (oudemans) (acari: phytoseiidae). | the relationships between the predatory mites, amblyseius swirskii (athias-henriot) and neoseiulus cucumeris (oudemans) (acari: phytoseiidae), and their prey, western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), were investigated to determine the effects of predation on intra-guild or extra-guild prey and predator preference. life history characteristics of both predatory mites were measured when fed eggs and larvae of the other predator species and compared to ... | 2010 | 19419591 |
| population abundance of frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) and natural enemies on plant hosts in central chile. | populations of the invasive frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) are serious pests of agricultural crops in the aconcagua valley of central chile. an extensive survey was conducted of 55 plant species in 24 families to identify plant hosts of f. occidentalis and to determine its relative abundance on each host during each season. a more intensive study was conducted on selected plant species serving as reproductive hosts to determine the population dynamics of f. occidentalis and to evaluate th ... | 2009 | 19389281 |
| variation in tomato spotted wilt virus titer in frankliniella occidentalis and its association with frequency of transmission. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips. while it is well established that vector competence depends on tswv acquisition by young larvae and virus replication within the insect, the biological factors associated with frequency of transmission have not been well characterized. we hypothesized that the number of transmission events by a single adult thrips is determined, in part, by the amount of vi ... | 2009 | 19271982 |
| biology of thripinema nicklewoodi (tylenchida), an obligate frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera) parasite. | frankliniella occidentalis, a serious pest of agricultural crops, is difficult to manage because chemical and biological control measures frequently fail to affect f. occidentalis in their preferred microhabitats. parasitism by the host-specific, entomopathogenic nematode thripinema nicklewoodi may provide a much-needed alternative to current control strategies. infection does not cause death of the host; rather, the result is sterilization that leads to suppression of f. occidentalis population ... | 2002 | 19265952 |
| carbamates synergize the toxicity of acrinathrin in resistant western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the insecticidal efficacy of mixtures of acrinathrin (pyrethroid) with carbamate fungicides (propamocarb, carbendazim, iprovalicarb, and diethofencarb) and insecticides (carbaryl, thiodicarb, pirimicarb, and oxamyl) was studied in a field strain of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande). the fungicide propamocarb and the insecticides pirimicarb and oxamyl were selected for further studies of their synergism action with more detailed bioassays. the method consisted of combining increasing concentr ... | 2009 | 19253660 |
| nmr metabolomics of thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) resistance in senecio hybrids. | western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) has become a key insect pest of agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. little is known about host plant resistance to thrips. in this study, we investigated thrips resistance in f (2) hybrids of senecio jacobaea and senecio aquaticus. we identified thrips-resistant hybrids applying three different bioassays. subsequently, we compared the metabolomic profiles of these hybrids applying nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (nmr). the ne ... | 2009 | 19169751 |
| [thermal requirements and estimate of the annual number of generations of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) on strawberry crop]. | frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) is one of the major strawberry pests in southern brazil. the insect causes russeting and wither in flowers and fruits reducing commercial value. in this work, the thermal requirements of the eggs, larvae and pupae of f. occidentalis were estimated. thrips development was studied in folioles of strawberry plants at six constant temperatures (16, 19, 22, 25, 28 and 31 degrees c) in controlled conditions (70 +/- 10% r.h. and 12:12 l:d). the number of annual gen ... | 2017 | 19169551 |
| first detection of wolbachia in arrhenotokous populations of thrips species (thysanoptera: thripidae and phlaeothripidae) and its role in reproduction. | insects in the order thysanoptera are known for their haplodiploid reproduction, with most species reproducing by arrhenotoky. a few species, however, have only female populations and reproduce by thelytoky. seven thrips species reproducing either by arrhenotoky [frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), echinothrips americanus morgan, suocerathrips linguis mound and marullo, gynaikothrips ficorum (marchal)] or thelytoky [hercinothrips femoralis (o.m. reuter) and parthenothrips dracaenae (heeger)] ... | 2008 | 19161685 |
| low temperature phosphine fumigation for postharvest control of western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) on lettuce, broccoli, asparagus, and strawberry. | u.s. exported lettuce, broccoli, asparagus, and strawberries often harbor western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), a quarantined pest in taiwan, and therefore require quarantine treatment. fumigation with diluted pure phosphine at a low temperature of 2 degrees c was studied to control western flower thrips and to determine effects on the quality of the treated products. total thrips control was achieved in > or = 18-h fumigation treatments with > o ... | 2008 | 19133457 |
| impact of production system on development of insecticide resistance in frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), has become one of the most difficult insects to control in the intensive agriculture of southeastern spain. however, resistance problems are quite different in two neighboring areas, murcia and almeria, with distinct production systems. thirty-six field populations of western flower thrips from sweet pepper crops were collected in two different dates in murcia and almeria in 2005 and 2006. western flower ... | 2008 | 18950052 |
| binding of tomato spotted wilt virus to a 94-kda thrips protein. | abstract using protein blot assays, a 94-kda thrips protein was identified that exhibited specific binding to tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) particles. renaturation of the 94-kda protein, which is conserved among the two major vector species of tswv, frankliniella occidentalis and thrips tabaci, was crucial for its virus-binding properties, whereas under the same conditions no specific binding was observed with aphid (myzus persicae) proteins. the 94-kda protein species was present in all deve ... | 1998 | 18945001 |
| interaction of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (tswv) glycoproteins with a thrips midgut protein, a potential cellular receptor for tswv. | abstract interactions between viral and cellular membrane fusion proteins mediate virus penetration of cells for many arthropod-borne viruses. electron microscope observations and circumstantial evidence indicate insect acquisition of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) (genus tospovirus, family bunyaviridae) is receptor mediated, and tswv membrane glycoproteins (gp1 and gp2) serve as virus attachment proteins. the tospoviruses are plant-infecting members of the family bunyaviridae and are transmit ... | 1998 | 18944977 |
| transmission and the role of honeybees in field spread of blueberry shock ilarvirus, a pollen-borne virus of highbush blueberry. | abstract the rapid and random spread of blueberry shock ilarvirus (blshv) in commercial plantings suggested that insects played a role in transmission. transmission from infected field plants to trap plants only occurred during bloom, indicating that flowers were the avenue for infection and flower-visiting insects including pollinators were involved. trap plants readily became infected during bloom when a honeybee hive was included in cages with diseased field plants and trap plants. there was ... | 1999 | 18944785 |
| impeded thrips transmission of defective tomato spotted wilt virus isolates. | two defective rna-containing isolates (pe-1 and 16-2) and an envelope-deficient (env ) isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) were tested for their transmissibility by frankliniella occidentalis. the pe-1 isolate contained a truncated l rna segment that barely interfered with symptom expression and replication of the wild-type (wt) l rna segment. this isolate was transmitted with an efficiency of 51%, a value comparable to that found for wt tswv (54%). isolate 16-2, which contained a genuin ... | 2000 | 18944549 |
| restricted spread of tomato spotted wilt virus in thrips-resistant pepper. | abstract spread of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and population development of its vector frankliniella occidentalis were studied on the pepper accessions cpro-1 and pikante reuzen, which are resistant and susceptible to thrips, respectively. viruliferous thrips were released on plants of each accession (nonchoice tests) or on plants in a 1:1 mixture of both accessions (choice tests) in small cages containing 8 or 16 plants. significantly fewer cpro-1 plants became infected in the primary inf ... | 2003 | 18944320 |
| thrips resistance in pepper and its consequences for the acquisition and inoculation of tomato spotted wilt virus by the western flower thrips. | abstract different levels of thrips resistance were found in seven capsicum accessions. based on the level of feeding damage, host preference, and host suitability for reproduction, a thrips susceptible and a resistant accession were selected to study their performance as tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) sources and targets during thrips-mediated virus transmission. vector resistance did not affect the virus acquisition efficiency in a broad range of acquisition access periods. inoculation effic ... | 2003 | 18944162 |
| acquisition of tomato spotted wilt virus by adults of two thrips species. | abstract only larval thrips that acquire tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), or adults derived from such larvae, transmit the virus. nonviruliferous adults can ingest virus particles while feeding on tswv-infected plants, but such adult thrips have not been shown to transmit tswv. immunofluorescence microscopy was used to show that thrips 1, 5, 10, and 20 days after adult emergence (dae) fed on tswv-infected plants acquired tswv with virus replication and accumulation occurring in both epithelial ... | 2004 | 18944108 |
| tomato spotted wilt virus infection improves host suitability for its vector frankliniella occidentalis. | abstract the effect of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) infection on plant attractiveness for the western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) was studied. significantly more thrips were recovered on infected than were recovered on noninfected pepper (capsicum annuum) plants in different preference tests. in addition, more offspring were produced on the virus-infected pepper plants, and this effect also was found for tswv-infected datura stramonium. thrips behavior was minimally influenced ... | 2004 | 18943902 |
| replication of tomato spotted wilt virus after ingestion by adult thrips setosus is restricted to midgut epithelial cells. | abstract if acquisition access feeding (aaf) is first given after adult eclosion, none of the nine thrips species able to serve as tospovirus vectors can become infective. the previous cellular investigations of this phenomenon, carried out only in frankliniella occidentalis, suggested that infectivity was prevented because the type member of the tospoviruses, tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), was unable to enter the midgut of adult thrips. the present study extends a cellular view of tospovirus ... | 2001 | 18943329 |
| dynamics of tomato spotted wilt virus replication in the alimentary canal of two thrips species. | abstract transmission of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is dependent on virus uptake in the midgut prior to virus movement to the salivary glands. replication of tswv in the alimentary canal of tobacco thrips (tt, frankliniella fusca) and western flower thrips (wft, f. occidentalis) was investigated by immunolocalization of the nonstructural protein (nss) encoded by the small rna of tswv and fluorescence microscopy. analysis of cohorts during development from larva to adults following virus ac ... | 2002 | 18943268 |
| a soluble form of the tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) glycoprotein g(n) (g(n)-s) inhibits transmission of tswv by frankliniella occidentalis. | tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) is an economically important virus that is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by its thrips vector, frankliniella occidentalis. previously, we found that a soluble form of the envelope glycoprotein g(n) (g(n)-s) specifically bound thrips midguts and reduced the amount of detectable virus inside midgut tissues. the aim of this research was to (i) determine if g(n)-s alters tswv transmission by thrips and, if so, (ii) determine the duration of this effe ... | 2008 | 18943237 |
| thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae, phlaeothripidae) damaging peach in paranapanema, são paulo state, brazil. | seeking to identify thrips species associated to peach and the injuries they cause, plants of aurora and tropic beauty cultivars were weekly monitored, from may to august of 2005, in holambra ii district, in paranapanema, sp. flowers and fruits from six plants per hectare were sampled by the hitting technique. frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), f. schultzei (trybom), f. gardenia (moulton), f. condei john, f. insularis (franklin) and thrips tabaci lindeman, in thripidae, and haplothrips gowde ... | 2008 | 18813753 |
| characterization of bacterial symbionts in frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), western flower thrips. | many insects have associations with bacteria, although it is often difficult to determine the intricacies of the relationships. in one such case, facultative bacteria have been discovered in a major crop pest and virus vector, the western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae). several bacterial isolates have been studied in netherlands greenhouse thrips populations, with molecular data indicating that these bacteria were similar to escherichia coli, ... | 2008 | 18809409 |
| esterase isoenzymes and insecticide resistance in frankliniella occidentalis populations from the south-east region of spain. | frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) is among the most important crop pests in the south-east region of spain; its increasing resistance to insecticides constitutes a serious problem, and understanding the mechanisms involved is therefore of great interest. to this end, f. occidentalis populations, collected from the field at different locations in south-east spain, were studied in terms of total esterase activity and esterase isoenzyme pattern. | 2008 | 18688781 |
| 4-pyridyl carbonyl compounds as thrips lures: effectiveness for western flower thrips in y-tube bioassays. | in a search for chemical lures to manage the cosmopolitan crop pest western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis, a y-tube olfactometer was used to screen 20 compounds, including 18 4-pyridyl compounds. comparison of y-tube results for new zealand flower thrips (nzft), thrips obscuratus, with field trapping data for ethyl nicotinate and ethyl isonicotinate, suggested that the minimum attractive dose (mad) of an odor compound, where significantly ( p < 0.05) more than 50% of thrips wal ... | 2008 | 18598035 |
| evaluation of the predatory mite, neoseiulus californicus, for spider mite control on greenhouse sweet pepper under hot arid field conditions. | the efficacy of neoseiulus californicus (a generalist predatory mite) for the biological control of tetranychus urticae, was compared to release of phytoseiulus persimilis (a specialist predatory mite) and an acaricide treatment in sweet pepper plants grown in greenhouse tunnels in a hot and arid climate. to ensure uniform pest populations, spider mites were spread on pepper plants in two seasons; a natural infestation occurred in one season. predators were released prophylactically and curative ... | 2008 | 18584132 |
| insecticide resistance management strategies against the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. | western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), is an economically important pest of a wide range of crops grown throughout the world. insecticide resistance has been documented in many populations of wft. biological and behavioural characteristics and pest management practices that promote insecticide resistance are discussed. in addition, an overview is provided of the development of insecticide resistance in f. occidentalis populations and the resistance mechanisms involve ... | 2008 | 18561150 |
| lack of fitness costs of insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the fitness costs of spinosad and acrinathrin resistance was investigated in the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae). fitness studies were conducted on susceptible and resistant strains of f. occidentalis. resistant females were significantly more fecund (number of eggs per female) than susceptible females. the hatching rate (fertility) for both susceptible and acrinathrin-resistant strains was significantly lower than in the spinosad-resistant ... | 2008 | 18459417 |
| effects of temperature and molecular oxygen on the use of atmospheric pressure plasma as a novel method for insect control. | helium atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) was previously shown to have insecticidal activity with a possible site of action on the insect nervous, neuromuscular system, or both. in the current study, methods to increase the insecticidal activity of plasma by using increased appd temperature and the introduction of molecular oxygen were investigated for the first time. an increase in the helium plasma temperature from 37 to 50 degrees c increased the insecticidal activity of plasma for ... | 2008 | 18459392 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of arabidopsis thaliana infested by diamond back moth (plutella xylostella) larvae reveals signatures of stress response, secondary metabolism, and signalling. | plants are exposed to attack from a large variety of herbivores. feeding insects can induce substantial changes of the host plant transcriptome. arabidopsis thaliana has been established as a relevant system for the discovery of genes associated with response to herbivory, including genes for specialized (i.e. secondary) metabolism as well as genes involved in plant-insect defence signalling. | 2008 | 18400103 |
| herbivore benefits from vectoring plant virus through reduction of period of vulnerability to predation. | herbivores can profit from vectoring plant pathogens because the induced defence of plants against pathogens sometimes interferes with the induced defence of plants against herbivores. plants can also defend themselves indirectly by the action of the natural enemies of the herbivores. it is unknown whether the defence against pathogens induced in the plant also interferes with the indirect defence against herbivores mediated via the third trophic level. we previously showed that infection of pla ... | 2008 | 18392858 |
| tomato plant and leaf age effects on the probing and settling behavior of frankliniella fusca and frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the effect of tomato, solanum lycopersicum l., plant and leaf age on the probing and settling behavior of frankliniella fusca (hinds) and f. occidentalis (pergande) was studied using electrical penetration graph technique and whole plant bioassays. male and female f. fusca probed and ingested more and for longer periods of time on 3- and 4-wk-old plants compared with 6- and 8-wk-old plants. female f. fusca probed and ingested more frequently than males in the plant age experiment, but not in the ... | 2008 | 18348813 |
| stability of spinosad resistance in frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) under laboratory conditions. | the stability of spinosad resistance in western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), populations with differing initial frequencies of resistance was studied in laboratory conditions. the stability of resistance was assessed in bimonthly residual bioassays in five populations with initial frequencies of 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of resistant individuals. there were no consistent changes in susceptibility of the susceptible strain after eight months without insecticide pressur ... | 2008 | 18279567 |
| effects of contrasting diets and temperatures on reproduction and prey consumption by proprioseiopsis asetus (acari: phytoseiidae). | proprioseiopsis asetus (chant) (acari: phytoseiidae) is a relatively unknown predacious mite with potential as a biological control agent of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) and tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae). in this study, the developmental rate and other biological parameters of p. asetus were investigated. development of p. asetus was temperature dependent from 10 to 40 degrees c. nonlinear models were fitted to development rate (1/time) data f ... | 2008 | 18247141 |
| inheritance of resistance to acrinathrin in frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), is an economically important pest. the genetic basis of acrinathrin resistance was investigated in wft. | 2008 | 18213614 |
| function of jasmonate in response and tolerance of arabidopsis to thrip feeding. | we analyzed the interaction between arabidopsis and western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis), which are one of the most serious insect pests of cultivated plants. we focused on the function of the immunity-related plant hormones jasmonate (ja), ethylene (et) and salicylic acid (sa) in the plant's response to thrip feeding. expression of the marker genes for each hormone response was induced by thrip feeding in wild-type (wt) plants. further analyses in the hormone-related mutants coi1- ... | 2008 | 18045812 |
| effects of proportion and configuration of bacillus thuringiensis cotton on pest abundance, damage, and yield. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) transgenic cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., kills several economically important pests, reducing injury and increasing yields. refuges of non-bt cotton are currently planted with bt cotton in different designs to slow pest resistance evolution. to compare the effects of differences in bt/non-bt plant heterogeneity found in different refuge designs on square (flower bud) damage, abscissions, sap-feeding herbivore densities, and yield in cotton, four types of 24-row cotto ... | 2007 | 17849898 |
| ethyl formate as a postharvest fumigant for selected pests of table grapes. | ethyl formate (ef) in combination with co2 was tested for control of arthropods commonly infesting california table grapes. in addition, table grape tolerance to ef exposure was evaluated. lc99 estimates were developed for target pests by using a range of ef concentrations (0.04-4.7% ef). response to treatments varied greatly between species, as well as life stages within species. western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and adult and crawler stages of grape mealybug, pseudo ... | 2007 | 17849855 |
| effectiveness of insecticide-treated and non-treated trap plants for the management of frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) in greenhouse ornamentals. | the effectiveness of trap cropping as an integrated control strategy against western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), was explored in potted chrysanthemum, dendranthema grandiflora (tzvelev), greenhouse crops. the efficacy of flowering chrysanthemum trap plants, either treated with the insecticide spinosad or untreated, to regulate f. occidentalis populations was tested at different spatial scales (small cage, large cage and commercial greenhouse) a ... | 2007 | 17659537 |
| genetics of spinosad resistance in frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the genetic basis of spinosad resistance was investigated in the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae). the resistant strain, selected in the laboratory for spinosad resistance from a pool of thrips populations collected in almeria (southeastern spain), showed a very high resistance to spinosad (356,547-fold based on lc50 values) compared with the laboratory susceptible strain. mortality data from reciprocal crosses of resistant and susceptible th ... | 2007 | 17598556 |
| ultralow oxygen treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips on broccoli. | laboratory studies were conducted to develop ultralow oxygen (ulo) treatment for controlling western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), on broccoli at a low temperature of 1 degree c. complete control was achieved in 5 d at 0.003% oxygen. oxygen level affected efficacy of ulo treatment. at a higher oxygen level of 0.03%, 6-d treatment killed -85% of thrips, and 10-d treatment killed all thrips. the 5-d ulo treatment with 0.003% oxygen was successfully ... | 2007 | 17598530 |
| a tritrophic effect of host plant on susceptibility of western flower thrips to the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. | adult female western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) were exposed 12-24h to bean (phaseolus vulgaris) and impatiens (impatiens wallerana) leaf disks treated with beauveria bassiana conidia and then transferred to clean bean or impatiens at various times post-treatment. significantly greater levels of fungal infection were observed when thrips were treated on bean versus impatiens, but exposure to impatiens following treatment had no effect on fungal infection (percent mortality). this ... | 2007 | 17572438 |
| interactions of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin in genetically engineered cotton with predatory heteropterans. | a number of cotton varieties have been genetically transformed with genes from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) to continuously produce bt endotoxins, offering whole plant and season-long protection against many lepidopteran larvae. constant whole-plant toxin expression creates a significant opportunity for non-target herbivores to acquire and bio-accumulate the toxin for higher trophic levels. in the present study we investigated movement of cry1ac toxin from the transgenic cotton plant through spec ... | 2008 | 17570072 |
| friend or foe?: a plant's induced response to an omnivore. | omnivorous natural enemies of herbivores consume plant-based resources and may elicit induced resistance in their host plant. a greater induction threshold for damage produced by omnivorous predators than for strict herbivores might be expected if omnivore performance is enhanced on noninduced plants, allowing them to reduce future levels of herbivory. currently, it is not known if a plant responds to feeding by omnivorous predators and by herbivores similarly. to examine this question, we chose ... | 2007 | 17540074 |
| resistance to spinosad in the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), in greenhouses of south-eastern spain. | susceptibility to spinosad of western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), from south-eastern spain was determined. lc(50) values of the field populations without previous exposure to spinosad collected in murcia in 2001 and 2002 ranged from 0.005 to 0.077 mg l(-1). the populations collected in almeria in 2003 in greenhouses were resistant to spinosad (lc(50) > 54 mg l(-1)) compared with the authors' highly susceptible laboratory strain. the highly sensitive laboratory str ... | 2007 | 17487830 |
| activity of an essential oil derived from chenopodium ambrosioides on greenhouse insect pests. | this study involved both greenhouse and laboratory experiments evaluating the effect of an essential oil product (qrd 400) derived from chenopodium ambrosioides variety nr. ambrosioides l. (chenopodiaceae) on greenhouse insect pests that feed on different plant parts: citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso); longtailed mealybug, pseudococcus longispinus (targioni tozzetti); western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and fungus gnats (bradysia spp.). treatments were applied ... | 2007 | 17461071 |
| temperature-mediated relationship between western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) and chrysanthemum. | modeling the effect of temperature on the sustainability of insect-plant interactions requires assessment of both insect and plant performance. we examined the effect of temperature on western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), a generalist herbivore with a high reproductive rate, and chrysanthemum inflorescences, a high quality but relatively fixed, ephemeral resource for thrips population growth. we hypothesized that different thrips versus plant responses to temperature res ... | 2007 | 17445384 |
| induction of plant volatiles by herbivores with different feeding habits and the effects of induced defenses on host-plant selection by thrips. | induced plant responses to attack by chewing insects have been intensively studied, but little is known about plant responses to nonchewing insects or to attack by multiple herbivores with different feeding habits. we examined volatile emissions by tobacco, nicotiana tabacum, in response to feeding by the piercing-sucking insect western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis, the chewing herbivore heliothis virescens, and both herbivores simultaneously. in addition, we examined the effe ... | 2007 | 17415625 |
| rapid visual estimates of thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) densities on cucumber and rose crops. | scouting techniques combining rapid counting methods must be developed to help growers with immediate decision making in integrated pest management programs. we evaluated a method for estimating densities of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), one of the most damaging insect pests of greenhouse cucumber, cucumis sativus l., and rose, rosa x hybrida crops in southeastern france. this method is based on abundance classes of thrips observed on sam ... | 2007 | 17370832 |
| identification of the cuticular lipid composition of the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. | the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis effectively resists many insecticides, but it can be controlled by the use of bioinsecticides such as entomopathogenic fungi. the epicuticular chemistry of these insects is therefore of great interest, and accordingly, the cuticular lipid composition of f. occidentalis was analysed. it was found that the cuticular lipids of both the adult and larval stages of f. occidentalis consist of two groups of compounds--hydrocarbons and free fatty acids ... | 2007 | 17337349 |
| synergism studies with binary mixtures of pyrethroid, carbamate and organophosphate insecticides on frankliniella occidentalis (pergande). | the major mechanism of resistance to most insecticides in frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) is metabolic, piperonyl butoxide (pbo) suppressible, mediated by cytochrome-p450 monooxygenases and conferring cross-resistance among insecticide classes. the efficacy of insecticide mixtures of acrinathrin, methiocarb, formetanate and chlorpyrifos was studied by topical exposure in strains of f. occidentalis selected for resistance to each insecticide. the method consisted in combining increasing con ... | 2007 | 17173346 |
| engineered multidomain cysteine protease inhibitors yield resistance against western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) in greenhouse trials. | western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), cause very large economic damage on a variety of field and greenhouse crops. in this study, plant resistance against thrips was introduced into transgenic potato plants through the expression of novel, custom-made, multidomain protease inhibitors. representative classes of inhibitors of cysteine and aspartic proteases [kininogen domain 3 (k), stefin a (a), cystatin c (c), potato cystatin (p) and equistatin (e ... | 2004 | 17168891 |
| specific cysteine protease inhibitors act as deterrents of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), in transgenic potato. | in this study, the effects of the accumulation of cysteine protease inhibitors on the food preferences of adult female western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), were investigated. representative members of the cystatin and thyropin gene families (stefin a, cystatin c, kininogen domain 3 and equistatin) were expressed in potato (solanum tuberosum) cv. impala, kondor and line v plants. in choice assays, a strong time- and concentration-dependent deterrence from plants expressin ... | 2004 | 17168890 |
| the use of floral homeotic mutants as a novel way to obtain durable resistance to insect pests. | we have developed a novel strategy for the introduction of durable insect resistance in crops. this strategy was based on intervention in the natural relationship between plants and insects. for many insects, including pests such as thrips (frankliniella occidentalis), the flower is an important factor in their life cycle, serving either as a food source or as a place for mating. the insects are attracted to the flower by scent, which is mainly produced by the petals, and by the bright colour of ... | 2003 | 17147749 |
| population dynamics of thrips prey and their mite predators in a refuge. | prey refuges are expected to affect population dynamics, but direct experimental tests of this hypothesis are scarce. larvae of western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis use the web produced by spider mites as a refuge from predation by the predatory mite neoseiulus cucumeris. thrips incur a cost of using the refuge through reduced food quality within the web due to spider mite herbivory, resulting in a reduction of thrips developmental rate. these individual costs and benefits of refuge ... | 2007 | 16964498 |
| relationship between esterase activity and acrinathrin and methiocarb resistance in field populations of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. | the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), is a serious pest in the south-east of spain owing to its direct feeding on crops, transmission of the tomato spotted wilt virus and its very high level of resistance to insecticides. mechanisms of resistance were examined using field populations of f. occidentalis with different susceptibilities to acrinathrin, methiocarb (selective insecticides), endosulfan, metamidophos and deltamethrin (broad-spectrum insecticides). esterase a ... | 2006 | 16929461 |
| soil application of azadirachtin and 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol to control western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae): translocation and persistence in bean plants. | to study the systemic effects of active neem ingredients, the substrate of bean plants was treated with a 170 g kg(-1) azadirachtin (neemazal-u; trifolio-m gmbh, lahnau, germany, registration pending). this product was used at a dose rate of 10 mg aza (azadirachtin a) and 1.2 mg 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol (azadirachtin b) per treated bean plant. afterwards, the translocation and persistence of aza and 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol and the effects on western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergan ... | 2006 | 16752388 |
| pheromone-induced priming of a defensive response in western flower thrips. | the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis produces conspicuous anal droplets that function as a direct defense against various predators. these droplets also function in pheromonal communication in that they contain a mixture of decyl acetate and dodecyl acetate, which acts as an alarm. exposure of thrips to synthetic pheromone is known to promote takeoff or refuge seeking, but the effect of the natural pheromone has not yet been studied. here, we not only studied the response to natu ... | 2006 | 16710769 |
| starvation period and age affect the response of female frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) to odor and visual cues. | the effects of starvation or age on the walking or flying response of female frankliniella occidentalis to visual and/or odor cues in two types of olfactometer were examined in the laboratory. the response of walking thrips starved for 0, 1, 4, or 24h to an odor cue (1microl of 10% p-anisaldehyde) was examined in a y-tube olfactometer. the take-off and landing response of thrips (unknown age) starved for 0, 1, 4, 24, 48 or 72h, or of thrips of different ages (2-3 days or 10-13 days post-adult em ... | 2006 | 16707136 |
| sampling methods, dispersion patterns, and fixed precision sequential sampling plans for western flower thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) and cotton fleahoppers (hemiptera: miridae) in cotton. | a 2-yr field study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of two sampling methods (visual and plant washing techniques) for western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and five sampling methods (visual, beat bucket, drop cloth, sweep net, and vacuum) for cotton fleahopper, pseudatomoscelis seriatus (reuter), in texas cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.), and to develop sequential sampling plans for each pest. the plant washing technique gave similar results to the visual method ... | 2006 | 16686161 |
| evaluation of dicyphus hersperus (heteroptera: miridae) for biological control of frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) on greenhouse tomato. | the effectiveness of inoculative releases of the mirid predator dicyphus hesperus knight for control of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) on greenhouse tomatoes was evaluated in terms of suppression of the population densities of f. occidentalis and associated fruit damage in the presence of the predator over two seasonal trials. an inoculative release of one d. hesperus per plant (approximately 0.1:10 predator:prey ratio) at a high f. occidentalis population density (140 thrips per plant) s ... | 2006 | 16686140 |
| mode of action of a novel nonchemical method of insect control: atmospheric pressure plasma discharge. | atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) has been applied to a number of industrial applications, including the bacterial sterilization of medical equipment of bacteria. appd may also have applications in insect control. a positive correlation was found between exposure time to appd and mortality of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande); tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds); asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse); twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urti ... | 2006 | 16573321 |
| host plant, temperature, and photoperiod effects on ovipositional preference of frankliniella occidentalis and frankliniella fusca (thysanoptera: thripidae). | host plant effects of tomato, lycopersicon esculentum mill., and chickweed, stellaria media (l.) vill., foliage infected and uninfected with tomato spotted wilt virus (family bunyaviridae, genus tospovirus, tswv) on the ovipositional preferences of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds), were investigated for whole plants in the greenhouse. in addition, the preference for leaf disks from the same host plants was investigated ... | 2005 | 16539139 |
| summer weeds as hosts for frankliniella occidentalis and frankliniella fusca (thysanoptera: thripidae) and as reservoirs for tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in north carolina. | in north carolina, tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (family bunyaviridae, genus tospovirus, tswv) is vectored primarily by the tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds), and the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae). tswv overwinters in winter annual weeds from which it is spread to susceptible crops in spring. because most susceptible crops are destroyed after harvest before winter weeds emerge in the fall, infected summer weeds are thought to be ... | 2005 | 16539098 |
| imidacloprid effects on probing and settling behavior of frankliniella fusca and frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) in tomato. | the effects of tomato, lycopersicum spp., leaves treated with imidacloprid on probing and settling behavior of frankliniella fusca (hinds) and frankliniella occidentalis (pergrande) were examined using an electrical penetration graph technique and an intact leaf bioassay. for each experiment, thrips were subjected to nontreated plants and plants treated with either of two rates of imidacloprid: 7.81 and 41.55 microg [(ai)] per plant. f. fusca probed less frequently on plants treated with the hig ... | 2005 | 16334332 |
| efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode steinernema feltiae (rhabditida: steinernematidae) as influenced by frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae) developmental stage and host plant stage. | entomopathogenic nematodes were investigated as an alternative biological control strategy for western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), in ornamental greenhouse crops, by using potted chrysanthemum as a model crop. the susceptibility of various life stages of f. occidentalis to different concentrations of the nematode steinernema feltiae (filipjev) (rhabditida: steinernematidae) was investigated in petri dish bioassays. this was followed with trials ... | 2005 | 16334313 |
| differences in effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids on five generalist insect herbivore species. | the evolution of the diversity in plant secondary compounds is often thought to be driven by insect herbivores, although there is little empirical evidence for this assumption. to investigate whether generalist insect herbivores could play a role in the evolution of the diversity of related compounds, we examined if (1) related compounds differ in their effects on generalists, (2) there is a synergistic effect among compounds, and (3) effects of related compounds differed among insect species. t ... | 2005 | 16222788 |
| identification of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. | two major components have been detected in the headspace volatiles of adult male frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) that are not present in the headspace volatiles of adult females. the compounds were identified as (r)-lavandulyl acetate and neryl (s)-2-methylbutanoate by comparison with synthetic standards using gas chromatography (gc), gc mass spectrometry (ms), and chiral gc. field trials were conducted with synthetic compounds in naturally infested crops of sweet ... | 2005 | 16222777 |
| application of the electronic nose to the classification of resistance to western flower thrips in chrysanthemums. | a metal oxide sensor-based electronic nose was tested for its ability to discriminate among chrysanthemum cultivars with varying degrees of resistance to western flower thrips (wft), based on volatile chemicals released from cut leaves. cultivars that were susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to wft [based on mean cultivar rank (mcr)] were used as standards, and were correctly classified (> 90%) by using discriminant function analysis. several cultivars with unknown resistance were classified ... | 2005 | 16195853 |
| signal signature and transcriptome changes of arabidopsis during pathogen and insect attack. | plant defenses against pathogens and insects are regulated differentially by cross-communicating signaling pathways in which salicylic acid (sa), jasmonic acid (ja), and ethylene (et) play key roles. to understand how plants integrate pathogen- and insect-induced signals into specific defense responses, we monitored the dynamics of sa, ja, and et signaling in arabidopsis after attack by a set of microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects with different modes of attack. arabidopsis plants were e ... | 2005 | 16167763 |
| acquisition of lethal doses of beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia. | secondary acquisition of beauveria bassiana conidia was recorded on the whole bodies and selected body parts of second-instar nymphs and adult female western flower thrips exposed to foliar spray residues of three differently formulated conidial preparations, for 24 h. conidia were formulated in emulsifiable oil or with clay (wettable powder), or were essentially unformulated conidia (technical grade powder suspended in water with a surfactant). formulation had no significant effect on dose acqu ... | 2005 | 16165151 |
| methyl jasmonate application induces increased densities of glandular trichomes on tomato, lycopersicon esculentum. | this study was designed to address whether applications of methyl jasmonate (mj) or benzothiadiazole (bth) to cultivated tomato, lycopersicon esculentum, induced elevated densities of defense-related glandular trichomes on new leaves. four-leaf tomato plants were sprayed with mj, bth, or control solutions, and the density of type vi glandular trichomes on new leaves was subsequently determined at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. at 7, 14, and 21 d, the density of type vi glandular trichomes on new leaves ... | 2005 | 16132222 |
| cadmium hyperaccumulation protects thlaspi caerulescens from leaf feeding damage by thrips (frankliniella occidentalis). | metal hyperaccumulation has been proposed as a plant defensive strategy. here, we investigated whether cadmium (cd) hyperaccumulation protected thlaspi caerulescens from leaf feeding damage by thrips (frankliniella occidentalis). two ecotypes differing in cd accumulation, ganges (high) and prayon (low), were grown in compost amended with 0-1000 mg cd kg(-1) in two experiments under glasshouse conditions. f2 and f3 plants from the prayon x ganges crosses were grown with 5 mg cd kg(-1). plants wer ... | 2005 | 16101917 |
| development of a novel bioassay for estimation of median lethal concentrations (lc50) and doses (ld50) of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana, against western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis. | to conduct laboratory experiments aimed at quantifying secondary acquisition of fungal conidia by western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis), an efficient assay technique using beauveria bassiana as the model fungus was developed. various application protocols were tested and it was determined that the percent mortality did not vary among protocols. peak mortality of second-instar nymphs, under constant exposure to conidia, occurred 5 days post-inoculation. second-instar thrips that were ... | 2005 | 16039665 |
| oral toxicity of photorhabdus toxins against thrips species. | the oral toxicity of excretion products of several photorhabdus and xenorhabdus strains was tested on two thrips species: frankliniella occidentalis and thrips tabaci. out of 46 photorhabdus isolates and six xenorhabdus isolates only six north american p. temperata isolates were toxic to the thrips species. after 7 days of drinking from p. temperata supernatant a mortality of 90% could be reached. thrips were also killed after sucking from leaves covered with the toxins. toxins have a negative e ... | 2005 | 15955338 |
| metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande). | the interactions between six insecticides (methiocarb, formetanate, acrinathrin, deltamethrin, methamidophos and endosulfan) and three potential synergists (piperonyl butoxide (pbo), s,s,s-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (def) and diethyl maleate (dem)) were studied by topical exposure in strains selected for resistance to each insecticide, and in a susceptible strain of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande). in the susceptible strain pbo produced appreciable synergism only of formetanate, methioca ... | 2005 | 15912569 |
| potential of temperature, controlled atmospheres, and ozone fumigation to control thrips and mealybugs on ornamental plants for export. | ozone (o3) fumigation is a potential quarantine treatment alternative for controlling stored-product pests and surface insect pests on fresh agricultural commodities. we explored the effects of temperature, treatment time, controlled atmospheres, and vacuum in combination with o3 to control two important pests of ornamental crops: western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and longtailed mealybug, pseudococcus longispinus targioni tozzetti. treatment parameters tested were o3 ... | 2005 | 15889716 |
| composition and insect attracting activity of the essential oil of rosmarinus officinalis. | the essential oil and a number of extracts of rosmarinus officinalis l. in solvents of increasing polarity were isolated, and their components identified and tested as pest control agents. ethanol and acetone extracts attract grape berry moth lobesia botrana. however, none of the extracts had a significant effect on western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis, which is attracted by 1,8-cineole, a major essential oil component. | 2005 | 15839484 |
| evidence for an isobutylamide associated with host-plant resistance to western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, in chrysanthemum. | bioassay-directed fractionation of extracts of chrysanthemum leaves using a choice test permitted isolation of a fraction that exhibited repellent activity against the western flower thrips (wft). analysis of this fraction from cultivars exhibiting varying degrees of host-plant resistance to wft by high performance liquid chromatography revealed a distinctive peak, the height of which correlated with the degree of resistance of those cultivars to wft. the peak was attributed to a novel unsaturat ... | 2005 | 15839483 |
| influence of diet on life table parameters of iphiseius degenerans (acari: phytoseiidae). | abstract. studies on the reproduction, longevity and life table parameters of iphiseius degenerans (berlese) were carried out under laboratory conditions of 25 +/- 1 degree c, 75 +/- 5% rh and 16l:8d h. as food sources for the predatory mite, ricinus communis l. pollen, all stages of the spider mite tetrranchus urticae koch, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) larvae, and ephestia kuehniella zeller eggs were selected. all diets were accepted as food by the adult mites. female longevity ranged ... | 2005 | 15792099 |
| dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus verticillium lecanii (zimmermann) viégas (hyphomycetales: moniliaceae) in a population of frankliniella occidentalis (pergande, 1895) (thysanoptera: thripidae). | tests were carried out to investigate the dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungus verticillium lecanii (zimmermann) viégas in a population of frankliniella occidentalis. the tested factors, which influence the efficacy of the fungus against the pest insect, have been the population density of the thrips at the application moment as well as the temperature. the population density influenced the dissemination of the fungal spores in the population. the higher the density has been, the higher ... | 2004 | 15759413 |
| effectiveness of imidacloprid (proagro 100 sl) in the control of glasshouse whitefly (trialeurodes vaporariorum) and western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis) on tomato under cover. | in 2002 a glasshouse experiments were carried out on the effectiveness of proagro 100 sl in the control of glasshouse whitefly and western flower thrips on tomato cv. perkoz. strict observation of the basic prophylactic rules such as introducing in to glasshouse only healthy seedlings, uninfected by whitefly and thrips as well as isolation of tomato plants, especially the seedlings from ornamental plants are important to the limit of the pest population. during the vegetation period the populati ... | 2004 | 15759404 |
| pyridalyl, a novel insecticide: potency and insecticidal selectivity. | pyridalyl is an insecticide of a novel chemical class (unclassified insecticides). toxicity of pyridalyl to two insect pest species, spodoptera litura and frankliniella occidentalis, an insect predator, orius stringicollis, and a pollinator, bombus terrestris, was evaluated in the laboratory. the insecticidal activity of pyridalyl against s. litura was evaluated using the leaf-dipping method. the potency of pyridalyl was highly effective against all development stages (2nd to 6th instar larvae) ... | 2005 | 15756699 |
| expression of a viral polymerase-bound host factor turns human cell lines permissive to a plant- and insect-infecting virus. | tospoviruses are the only plant-infecting members of the bunyaviridae family of ambisense ssrna viruses. tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (tswv), the type-member, also causes mild infection on its main insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis. herein, we identified an f. occidentalis putative transcription factor (fotf) that binds to the tswv rna-dependent rna polymerase and to viral rna. using in vitro rna synthesis assays, we show that addition of purified fotf improves viral replication, but n ... | 2005 | 15657123 |
| combining plant- and soil-dwelling predatory mites to optimise biological control of thrips. | the efficiency of a natural enemy combination compared to a single species release for the control of western flower thrips (wft) frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) on cucumber plants was investigated. since a large part of f occidentalis seems to enter the soil passage, a joint release of the plant-inhabiting predatory mite amblyseius cucumeris (oudemans) that feeds on thrips first-instar larvae and the soil-dwelling predatory mite hypoaspis aculeifer (canestrini) that preys on thrips pupae ... | 2004 | 15651523 |
| the efficacy of spinosad against the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, and its impact on associated biological control agents on greenhouse cucumbers in southern ontario. | insecticides are the most commonly used tactic to control western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis pergande (thysanoptera: thripidae), on greenhouse cucumber. however, wft has developed resistance to several of the insecticides presently in use. in addition, some of these insecticides adversely affect greenhouse biological control agents used to control wft, resulting in subsequent pest resurgence. therefore, there is a need to identify novel insecticides with unique modes of acti ... | 2005 | 15619719 |
| tactics for management of thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) and tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato. | four studies were conducted in georgia during spring 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 to evaluate various management tactics for reducing thrips and thrips-vectored tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) in tomato and their interactions relative to fruit yield. populations of thrips vectors of tswv, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) and frankliniella fusca (hinds), were determined using flower and sticky trap samples. the management practices evaluated were host plant resistance, insecticide treatments, ... | 2004 | 15568355 |
| ontogenetic shifts in intraguild predation on thrips by phytoseiid mites: the relevance of body size and diet specialization. | in greenhouse agroecosystems, a guild of spider mite predators may consist of the oligophagous predatory mite phytoseiulus persimilis athias-henriot, the polyphagous predatory mite neoseiulus californicus mcgregor (both acari: phytoseiidae) and the primarily herbivorous but facultatively predatory western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis pergande (thysanoptera: thripidae). diet-specialization and the predator body size relative to prey are crucial factors in predation on f. occidentalis ... | 2004 | 15541196 |
| diet-dependent effects of gut bacteria on their insect host: the symbiosis of erwinia sp. and western flower thrips. | studies on bacteria in the gut of insect species are numerous, but their focus is hardly ever on the impact on host performance. we showed earlier that erwinia bacteria occur in the gut of western flower thrips, most probably acquired during feeding. here, we investigate whether thrips gain a net benefit or pay a net cost because of these gut bacteria. on a diet of cucumber leaves, the time to maturity is shorter and the oviposition rate is higher in thrips with bacteria than in thrips without ( ... | 2004 | 15475338 |
| insecticidal properties of a chenopodium-based botanical. | the emulsifiable concentrate uda-245 based on an essential oil extract from chenopodium ambrosioides variety near ambrosioides, a north american herbaceous plant, was compared with commercially available pesticides for their effectiveness to control green peach aphid, myzus persicae (sulzer) (homoptera: aphididae), western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), and greenhouse whitefly, trialeurodes vaporariorium (westwood) (homoptera: aleyrodidae). side e ... | 2004 | 15384351 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of cathepsin l-like cysteine protease cdnas from western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis). | cysteine proteases are predominant in thrips guts (tgs) and, therefore, a suitable target for selecting effective protease inhibitors against western flower thrips (frankliniella occidentalis). we report the isolation of four full-length cysteine protease cdna clones from thrips in a two-step pcr approach with degenerate oligonucleotides designed on conserved cathepsin l domains. at the deduced amino acid level, the clones possessed all functional and structural characteristics of cathepsin l, a ... | 2004 | 15364289 |
| comparing greenhouse sprayers: the dose-transfer process. | three sprayers were evaluated for their affect on retention and efficacy: a carbon dioxide powered high-volume sprayer, a dramm coldfogger, and an electrostatic spraying systems (ess) sprayer with air-assistance. the active ingredients used were spinosad and azadirachtin. the plant canopy was constructed in the greenhouse using potted soybeans (glycine max (l) merrill cr pioneer 9392). application efficacy with spinosad was assessed using thrips [western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis ... | 2004 | 15154520 |
| fungus gnats, bradysia spp. (diptera: sciaridae), and other arthropods in commercial bagged soilless growing media and rooted plant plugs. | fungus gnats, bradysia spp., in greenhouses cause economic losses to horticultural producers by damaging young root systems during plant propagation, by spreading soilborne diseases, and by reducing the marketability of the crop. in a greenhouse cage study, our observations suggested that bagged soilless growing media or rooted plant plugs from wholesale distributors may be sources for the introduction of fungus gnats into commercial greenhouse facilities. to evaluate these possibilities, carefu ... | 2004 | 15154474 |
| entomopathogenic nematodes in the european biocontrol market. | in europe total revenues in the biocontrol market have reached approximately 200 million euros. the sector with the highest turn-over is the market for beneficial invertebrates with a 55% share, followed by microbial agents with approximately 25%. annual growth rates of up to 20% have been estimated. besides microbial plant protection products that are currently in the process of re-registration, several microbial products have been registered or are in the process of registration, following the ... | 2003 | 15149088 |
| the plant virus tomato spotted wilt tospovirus activates the immune system of its main insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis. | tospoviruses have the ability to infect plants and their insect vectors. tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv), the type species in the tospovirus genus, infects its most important insect vector, frankliniella occidentalis, the western flower thrips (wft). however, no detrimental effects on the life cycle or cytopathological changes have been reported in the wft after tswv infection, and relatively few viral particles can be observed even several days after infection. we hypothesized that tswv infect ... | 2004 | 15113877 |
| evidence for a male-produced sex pheromone in the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. | olfactometer bioassays of walking adult western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae) showed that virgin females (1- to 3-d postemergence) were attracted to the odor of 25 adult males, but not to the odor of 25 adult females, providing behavioral evidence for a male-produced sex pheromone in this species. in contrast to earlier findings, mixed-age adult males were attracted to the odor of adult males. gc analysis of odors collected on spme fibers revealed ... | 2004 | 15074664 |
| analysis of anal droplets of the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. | larvae of the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis are known to produce an anal droplet containing decyl acetate (10ac) and dodecyl acetate (12ac), which act as an alarm pheromone. analysis by gc showed that the combined mass of 10ac and 12ac per droplet increased with age of second instars from 2 ng to 18 ng, while the mass ratio of 10ac:12ac increased from 0.4:1 to 1.1:1 (molar ratio 0.4:1 to 1.2:1). droplet volume increased from 0.4 nl to 2.1 nl with age, but only about 1% of this ... | 2003 | 14682520 |
| influence of a short exposure to teflubenzuron residues on the predation of thrips by iphiseius degenerans (acari: phytoseiidae) and orius laevigatus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | a short duration (24h) leaf-disc bioassay was used to determine the effects of teflubenzuron residues on the predation levels of two predators, iphiseius degenerans (berlese) and orius laevigatus (fieber), foraging on nymphs of two species of thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) and heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (bouche), on a range of different species of plant. teflubenzuron did cause thrips mortality during the 24-h bioassay; it was more active against h haemorrhoidalis than f occident ... | 2003 | 14620054 |