Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| antigenic drift in type a influenza virus: sequence differences in the hemagglutinin of hong kong (h3n2) variants selected with monoclonal hybridoma antibodies. | 1979 | 90425 | |
| efficacy of purified influenza subunit vaccines and relation to the major antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin molecule. | inactivated whole-virus vaccine of influenza a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus containing 700 or 1,400 chick cell-agglutinating (cca) units, a purified subunit vaccine of equivalent dosage, or placebo were studied in 186 adult volunteers. placebo was least reactogenic, 1,400-cca unit whole-virus vaccine was most reactogenic, and others were intermediate. vaccines were equally antigenic, and delineation of antibody specificities revealed antibody cross-reacting with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) virus in all se ... | 1979 | 92511 |
| antibodies to the strain-specific and cross-reactive determinants of the haemagglutinin of influenza h3n2 viruses. 1. preparation of antibodies and in vitro studies. | the serological analysis of antibodies to the haemagglutinin (ha) of influenza a viruses of the hong kong (h3n2) subtype is described, using haemagglutination-inhibition, immuno-double-diffusion and single-radial-diffusion techniques. by cross-absorption of antisera to purified ha antigens, different populations of antibody molecules were obtained, which are designated strain-specific and cross-reactive and characterized in terms of their antigenic specificities for ha antigens of the homologous ... | 1979 | 93399 |
| the specificity of the anti-haemagglutinin antibody response induced in man by inactivated influenza vaccines and by natural infection. | the anti-haemagglutinin antibody response in adult human volunteers to inactivated whole virus or tween ether split influenza a/victoria/75 (h3n2) and a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus vaccines was investigated using antibody absorption and single-radial-haemolysis (srh) techniques. the concentrations of haemagglutinin (ha), nucleoprotein (np) and matrix (m) antigens measured by single radial diffusion (srd) and rocket immunoelectrophoresis were similar for both the whole virus and split vaccines. whol ... | 1979 | 105040 |
| the measurement of haemagglutinin and matrix protein present on the surface of influenza virus infected p815 mastocytoma cells. | a thermodynamic approach has been used to measure the amount of haemagglutinin and matrix protein expressed at the surface of p815 cells infected for periods between 4.5 and 11 h with either wsn (h0n1) or jap (h2n2) strains of type a influenza virus. this involved measuring the interaction of different concentrations of labelled (fab)2 preparations of specific antibody with normal and infected cells. assuming that one molecule of (fab)2 bound to one molecule of antigen, values for the number of ... | 1979 | 107273 |
| antigenic glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 of influenza virus haemagglutinin. iii. reactivity with human convalescent sera. | the immune reactivity to both haemagglutinin glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 [prepared from bromelain-released haemagglutinin of influenza virus a/dunedin/4/73 (h3n2)], was demonstrated by both gel double immundiffusion and radioimmunoassay in human convalescent sera obtained after natural infection during influenza epidemics in 1974/75 and 1976/77. in gel double immunodiffusion, the precipitin line(s) corresponding to glycopolypeptide ha1 were always more distinct than precipin line(s) correspond ... | 1979 | 35954 |
| live tissue culture influenza vaccine for oral administration. i. specific immune response to monovaccine a (h3n2) in volunteers. | oral immunization of volunteers with a live tissue culture influenza a (h3n2) vaccine induced an increase in virus neutralizing (vn), haemagglutination inhibiting (hi) and neuraminidase inhibiting (ni) antibody. the dynamics of antibody and igm and igg immunoglobulin formation in the blood depended to a great extent on their prevaccination levels. the highest per cent of seroconversions was observed after the 3rd vaccination: a 4-fold or greater rise of vn antibody was found in 80% (titre increa ... | 1979 | 35960 |
| annual examination of influenza virus infection among pigs in miyagi prefecture, japan: the appearance of hsw1n1 virus. | annual dissemination of swine and hong kong influenza viruses among hogs in miyagi prefecture, japan, was examined by virus recovery and serological tests. the serological examination revealed that two distinct influenza a viruses, h3n2 and hsw1n1, had caused dual epidemic in pigs since mid-1977. some individual sera contained antibodies against both strains. although positive sera against hong kong or swine influenza viruses appeared in the serosurvey throughout the year, the positive ratios in ... | 1979 | 41437 |
| heterotypic interference between influenza viruses a/aichi/2/68 and b/massachusetts/1/71. | virus particles produced by mdck cells mixedly infected with 3 pfu/cell each of a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) (aichi) and b/massachusetts/1/71 (mass) influenza viruses exclusively possessed haemagglutinin (ha) of mass, although approximately one-fifth of the mixed yield had coding potential for aichi serotype. synthesis of major viral proteins of aichi was markedly suppressed by co-infecting mass. by increasing the multiplicity of co-infecting aichi to 30 pfu/cell, interference became reciprocal. aichi in ... | 1979 | 41442 |
| [isolation of strains of the hong kong complex (h3n2) influenza virus from nyctalus noctula bats in kazakhstan]. | four antigenically related hemagglutinating agents were isolated from pools of lungs and tracheas of nyctalus noctula bats in chick embryos. identification of the isolates by the hemagglutination inhibition, neuraminidase activity inhibition and double immunodiffusion methods revealed close antigenic relationships with a/port chalmers/73 virus. | 1979 | 158260 |
| etiology and antimicrobial therapy of acute maxillary sinusitis. | eighty-one adults with symptoms of acute sinusitis were studied by direct needle puncture and aspiration of the maxillary sinus (105 sinuses). fifty-nine bacterial strains were isolated in titers of greater than or equal to 10(4) colony-forming units/ml; streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae accounted for 64% of the isolates. other bacteria recovered included anaerobes (12%), neisseria species (8.5%). streptococcus pyogenes (3%), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (3%), non-group a beta ... | 1979 | 35571 |
| rapid subtyping of influenza a virus isolates by membrane fluorescence. | during the winter of 1977-1978 three influenza a virus serotypes (a/vic/3/75, a/texas/1/77 [both h3n2], and a/ussr/90/77 [h1n1]) circulated in denver, offering us the opportunity to apply fluorescent antibody techniques to the specific identification of these viruses. surface antigens of infected, unfixed primary monkey kidney cells were stained in suspension by an indirect immunofluorescence technique with anti-h3n2 and anti-h1n1 antisera. in tests of cells infected with known viruses, the memb ... | 1979 | 372228 |
| evolution of human influenza a viruses in nature: recombination contributes to genetic variation of h1n1 strains. | in june of 1977, a new influenza a pandemic was started by strains of the h1n1 serotype. oligonucleotide fingerprint analysis of the rna from viruses isolated during the early stage of this pandemic demonstrated that genetic variation among these 1977 strains could be attributed to sequential mutation [young, j.f., desselberger, u. & palese, p. (1979) cell, 18, 73-83]. examination of more recent strains revealed that the h1n1 variants that were isolated in the winter of 1978-1979 differed consid ... | 1979 | 293742 |
| geographical distribution of swine (hsw1n1) and hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus variants in pigs in southeast asia. | influenza viruses of the hsw1n1 and h3n2 subtypes were isolated in hong kong from pigs originating from hong kong, people's republic of china (prc), singapore, and taiwan. the h3n2 isolates were from pigs from hong kong and prc, whereas the hsw1n1 isolates were from pigs from hong kong, prc, singapore and taiwan. the hemagglutinins of the h3n2 isolates were similar to those of the earlier a/hong kong/1/68 and a/port chalmers/1/73 variants from man. the hsw1n1 isolates were similar to the human a ... | 1979 | 218894 |
| comparison of different tissue cultures for isolation and quantitation of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. | rhesus and cynomolgus monkey kidney tissue cultures and two continuous lines, madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) and llc-mk2, were compared in titrations and isolations of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. tube cultures were inoculated with laboratory virus strains or stored patient specimens and observed for hemadsorption. trypsin was added to the medium of the continuous lines to increase sensitivity. all four tissue cultures gave similar titers of influenza a/ussr (h1n1), a/texas (h3n2), and ... | 1979 | 227920 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus: evaluation of the a/victoria/75-ts-1a2 temperature-sensitive recombinant virus in seronegative adult volunteers. | an influenza a virus recombinant bearing the surface antigens of the a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) strain and the two ts genes of the a/udorn/72-ts-1a2 virus was evaluated for attenuation, antigenicity, and protective effect in 42 doubly seronegative adult volunteers (i.e., individuals who lacked detectable serum antibodies for the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens). this recombinant, which had a 37 degrees c shutoff temperature for plaque formation and ts mutations on the genes thought to code ... | 1979 | 422239 |
| cold-adapted variants of influenza a virus: evaluation in adult seronegative volunteers of a/scotland/840/74 and a/victoria/3/75 cold-adapted recombinants derived from the cold-adapted a/ann arbor/6/60 strain. | influenza a/scotland/74 (h3n2) and a/victoria/75 (h3n2) cold-adapted (ca) recombinant viruses, prepared by mating the a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) ca donor virus and influenza a wild-type virus, were evaluated in adult seronegative volunteers (serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer, </=1:8) for level of attenuation, antigenicity, and genetic stability of the temperature-sensitive and ca phenotypes. at 10(7.0) to 10(7.5) 50% tissue culture infective doses the a/scotland/74 and a/victoria/75 ... | 1979 | 422240 |
| epidemiology of influenza in lower saxony during the period 1968-1978 with particular emphasis on subtypes a(h3n2) and a(h1n1) in winter 1977-78. | the influenza surveillance in lower saxony is based mainly on laboratory investigations, and especially those which involve the isolation of influenza viruses throughout the year. these investigations have provided information on the circulation of influenza viruses and of the antigenic drift during the hong kong period which resulted in many different variants. since the advent of the hong kong virus subtype, a high excess mortality was observed only in the winter of 1969-70. in most of the oth ... | 1979 | 440200 |
| influenza a and b virus infection in infants and young children during the years 1957-1976. | influenza a virus activity was demonstrated in infants and young children from metropolitan washington, dc during each of 19 successive august-july respiratory disease years, and during 17 of these years at least 2% of hospitalized respiratory disease patients yielded an influenza a or b virus and/or showed an influenza a or b serum complement-fixing (cf) antibody response. between october 1957 and july 1976, 14.3% of 860 croup patients and 5.3% of a total of 5655 hospitalized respiratory patien ... | 1979 | 443244 |
| epidemic mechanisms of type a influenza. | the antigenic varieties of influenza a virus isolated from 1968 to 1976 in a surveillance of a small, rather remote population were similar to those from england and wales as a whole, despite frequent antigenic changes during the period. household studies in the first two h3n2 influenza a epidemics found low attack rates within households, a high proportion (70%) of affected households with only one case of influenza, similar distributions of affected households in the two epidemics by the numbe ... | 1979 | 458138 |
| [sorption activity of cations exchange resins of home production relative to influenza a[h3n2] virus port-chalmers strain]. | 1979 | 459957 | |
| [analysis of the nature of virus-associated dna in the influenza virus]. | dna sequences comprising about 5% of virus rna were found to be present in nucleoids of influenza virus grown in chick embryos. dna was found in two influenza virus strains under study belonging to different antigenic groups: honi and h3n2. no dna was demonstrated in nucleoids of a paramyxovirus, newcastle disease virus, grown under analogous conditions. the virus-associated dna belongs to unique sequences of cell dna. | 1979 | 462924 |
| an outbreak of influenza aboard a commercial airliner. | a jet airliner with 54 persons aboard was delayed on the ground for three hours because of engine failure during a takeoff attempt. most passengers stayed on the airplane during the delay. within 72 hours, 72 per cent of the passengers became ill with symptoms of cough, fever, fatigue, headache, sore throat and myalgia. one passenger, the apparent index case, was ill on the airplane, and the clinical attack rate among the others varied with the amount of time spent aboard. virus antigenically si ... | 1979 | 463858 |
| comparative studies of wild-type and cold-mutant (temperature-sensitive) influenza viruses: nonrandom reassortment of genes during preparation of live virus vaccine candidates by recombination at 25 degrees between recent h3n2 and h1n1 epidemic strains and cold-adapted a/an arbor/6/60. | 1979 | 473592 | |
| investigation of recombinants of human influenza and fowl plague viruses. | recombinants of human influenza type a viruses, a/krasnodar/101/1959 (h2n2) or a/habarovsk/15/1976 (h3n2), and fowl plague virus (fpv), strain weybridge (hav1neq1) were obtained. the genome of the recombinant obtained by recombination of influenza a/habarovsk/15/1976 virus and fpv contained the genes 4 (ha) and 6 (na) derived from the influenza a/habarovsk virus and all the other genes [1, 2, 3, 5 (np), 7 (m), 8 (ns)] from fpv. the genome of the recombinant of a/krasnodar/101/1959 virus and fpv ... | 1979 | 479841 |
| [sorbtion of influenza virus a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) on soviet-produced anionites]. | 1979 | 481270 | |
| [protective action of remantadine during an influenza outbreak caused by virus a (h1n1) in december 1977]. | the protective effect of remantadin during an influenza outbreak in december 1977 caused by a (h1n1) virus was studied. a prophylactic administration of remantadin decreased influenza and ard incidence by 1.5-fold. a more significant decrease of the incidence (2.5-fold) was observed among the subjects given a combination of remantadin and influenza vaccine (h3n2) a few days before the outbreak, which was apparently due to the interferon-inducing capacity of the vaccine. | 1979 | 483772 |
| [seroepidemiological considerations on the influenza a in umbria (1978) (author's transl)]. | the authors studied the seroepidemiology of influenza virus a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) and a/urss/90/77 (h1n1) in umbria, in 1978. the percentage of seroprotection against the subtype h3n2 results low and in such do not inhibit the diffusion of this subtype during the next winter season. the study of seroepidemiology of subtype h1n1 demonstrated that this subtype circulated in umbria in the winter 1977-78 and that the conditions exist for its circulation. | 1979 | 485586 |
| serum antibody prevents lethal murine influenza pneumonitis but not tracheitis. | this paper reports studies showing the effects of serum antibody upon influenza infection at two different sites: the trachea and lung. tracheal desquamation, pulmonary consolidation, death, and virus shedding were examined after infection of mice with a lethal a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) influenza virus. immune serum administered intraperitoneally before infection prevented death and pulmonary consolidation and also significantly lowered lung virus shedding as compared with controls receiving n ... | 1979 | 500197 |
| comparisons of virulence of influenza virus recombinants in ferrets in relation to their behaviour in man and their genetic constitution. | two parent viruses, a/finland/4/74(h3n2) and a/okuda/57(h2n2), virulent and attenuated respectively for man, showed similar differences of virulence in ferrets as judged by estimations of 50% minimal infectious doses (mid50), the level and persistence of nasal infection, the height and duration of pyrexia and the level of lung infection. in ferrets, two recombinant clones, wrl 94(h3n2) and wrl 105(h3n2), were almost as virulent as a/finland and indistinguishable from one another, a result which ... | 1979 | 501338 |
| [influenza virus a/anas acute/maritime territory/730/76(h3n2) isolated from wild ducks in the maritime territory]. | a strain a/anas acuta/primorie/730/76 was isolated in the autumn of 1976 from wild pintails in the primorskiy kray, ussr, and found by the h1 and neuraminidase activity inhibition test to be antigenically related to the reference a/hong kong/1/68 strain. the cft showed the a/anas acuta/primorie/730/76 strain to contain in its hemagglutinin 3 antigenic determinants: two common with the a/hong kong/1/68 strain and one the strain-specific, lacking in the human influenza viruses of the h3n2 antigeni ... | 1979 | 506200 |
| laboratory-based surveillance of influenza virus in the united states during the winter of 1977-1978. i. periods of prevalence of h1n1 and h3n2 influenza a strains, their relative rates of isolation in different age groups, and detection of antigenic variants. | influenza a (h3n2) viruses were isolated from outbreaks and epidemics of disease during the period december 1977 to march 1978. for the last two months of this period, h1n1 strains of influenza a were also responsible for epidemics. in some regions (e.g., hawaii) co-circulation of h1n1 and h3n2 strains occurred, whereas in other regions (e.g., wisconsin) isolation of h3n2 strains had almost ceased prior to isolation of h1n1 strains. few influenza b isolates were reported. analysis of the ages of ... | 1979 | 507036 |
| laboratory-based surveillance of influenza virus in the united states during the winter of 1977--1978. ii. isolation of a mixture of a/victoria- and a/ussr-like viruses from a single person during an epidemic in wyoming, usa, january 1978. | at a time when outbreaks and sporadic cases of influenza caused a a/victoria/3/75-like and a/texas/1/77-like h3n2 strain of influenza were occurring in the rocky mountain region of the usa, about 60% of the students of a high school in cheyenne, wyoming, were involved in an outbreak of influenza-like illness. six influenza a(h1n1) virus isolates were obtained from throat swabs collected from 12 of these students. virus isolated from a seventh student, however, contained a mixture of h1 and h3 (a ... | 1979 | 507037 |
| probable association of plaque size with neuraminidase subtype among h3n2 influenza a viruses. brief report. | the present study demonstrates that the plaque size of certain influenza a h3n2 virus recombinants is dependent on their containing a specific neuraminidase glycoprotein, but is independent of the genes coding for the ha, p3, and np proteins. | 1979 | 518309 |
| comparative studies of wild-type and cold-mutant (temperature-sensitive) influenza viruses: independent segregation of temperature-sensitivity of virus replication from temperature-sensitivity of virion transcriptase activity during recombination of mutant a/ann arbor/6/60 with wild-type h3n2 strains. | rna 1 (see end of summary) of a cold-adapted and temperature-sensitive (ts) influenza virus mutant a/ann arbor/6/60 has a different mobility from rna 1 of wild-type (wt) a/ann arbor/6/60 when subjected to electrophoresis through acrylamide/agarose gels in the absence of denaturing agents. detection of this lesion in rna 1 of the mutant virus was dependent on the temperature of the gel during electrophoresis. because rna 1 is believed to code for a protein involved in virus-specific rna synthesis ... | 1979 | 521798 |
| the localization of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets: susceptible nasal mucosa cells produce and release more virus than susceptible lung cells. | infectious virus production by ferret nasal mucosa and lung organ cultures has been monitored in both tissue pieces and medium over 24 h following inoculation with an asian (h2n2) strain of influenza virus. freshly prepared cultures of nasal mucosa produced approx. 10-fold more virus per cell than fresh lung cultures. also the nasal mucosa cells liberated into the medium a greater proportion (mean 31%) of the total virus produced than did fresh lung (mean 6%). maintenance of lung explants for 24 ... | 1979 | 521800 |
| differentiation of the haemagglutinin genes of variant influenza viruses by rna-rna hybridization. | the genetic compositions of four antigenic variants of a/memphis/1/71 (h3n2) influenza virus, which were selected by growth in the presence of monoclonal antibodies against the haemagglutinin, were compared. the results indicate that the mutant haemagglutinin genes can be differentiated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the double stranded rna hybrids formed between virion rna and transcripts isolated from infected cells. | 1979 | 521805 |
| [influenza virus neuraminidase and its role in anti-influenzal immunity]. | the direct relationship between immunogenicity of h3n2 formolvaccine and neuraminidase activity was established. a single intranasal immunization of mice with the vaccine having a titer of hemagglutinin 1:20,000-1:40,000 in 0.5 ml with active neuraminidase increased the resistance of the animals to the challenge with mouse-adapted influenza a/ussr/053/74 (h3n2) virus almost 5-fold. a vaccine with the same hemagglutinin titer but with neuraminidase inactivated by physico-chemical factors or block ... | 1979 | 524858 |
| [etiological study of the fatal cases in the period of the influenza a epidemic of 1977-1978]. | the etiology of the disease, the age structure of fatalities, the time of death were studied in 34 fatal cases in the period of influenza a (h1n1) epidemic in december 1977-february 1978 and in 33 fatal cases during influenza a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) epidemic in january-march, 1975 (data from some autopsy offices of kiev). the results of the investigation of the etiology by immunofluorescence and the histological methods were mostly similar. the polyetiological structure of the diseases in the inf ... | 1979 | 524859 |
| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: prevalence of infection with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype virus and its variants, 1974-1977. | from september 1974 to january 1978, about 25% of 254 swine farms, studied on four of six hawaiian islands, had swine with antibody to a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype of influenza virus. of 290 swine 2 to 5 years of age in a single herd, 72% had antibody. antibody titers were consistently higher to a/england/42/72 and a/port chalmers/1/73 antigens than to a/victoria/3/75 or a/hong kong/1/68 antigen. few swine had antibody to the a/hong kong/68 antigen. antibodies to h3n2 and hsw1n1 subtype of viru ... | 1979 | 525919 |
| reinfection with influenza a (h3n2) virus in young children and their families. | the frequency and consequences of reinfection with influenza a virus were studied by longitudinal observation of families for a three-year period in which two epidemics of influenza a (h3n2) occurred. seven children followed from birth were reinfected 10-25 months after their first infection. two children were reinfected by the same h3n2 virus while the others were reinfected with a closely related variant. at least five of these reinfections were accompanied by respiratory illness. reinfection ... | 1979 | 541521 |
| structure of bromelain-released influenza virus haemagglutinin as revealed by electrophoresis, sedimentation and electron microscopy. | sigma bromelain (ec 3.4.22.4) was used to isolate the haemagglutinin (ha) from the mrc-11 (h3n2) and a/u.s.s.r./90/77 (h1n1) influenza a virus strains. sedimentation analysis of bromelain-solubilized preparations revealed 9.5s and 5.5s protein components, the former being identified as the bromelain-released haemagglutinin (bha). no residual neuraminidase (na) activity was detected in the bha isolated from the mrc-11 strain whereas up to 80 per cent of the enzymatically active na was found to be ... | 1979 | 543801 |
| the m protein of influenza viruses has no immunizing effect. | influenza a virus m protein was prepared by electrophoresis in sds polyacrylamide gel from virus particles which had been pretreated with octylglucoside to remove the surface glycoproteins; m antigens from the influenza virus strains a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2), a/fpv/rostock (hav1n1) and a/chick/germany/49 (hav2neq1) did not protect mice against a lethal challenge infection with the virulent victoria strain. | 1979 | 545115 |
| [serologic survey of human type a influenza virus infection following 10-year periods of prevalence of h3n2 strains]. | distribution of h.i.a. against a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1), a/pr/8/34 (h0n1), a/fm/1/47 (h1n1), a/japan/305/57 (h2n2) influenza virus strains was determined in 553 serum samples, previously tested for a/hong kong/1/68 virus, collected in the late summer of 1977 in milan and bari. for all variants, distinctive antibody patterns were obtained which reflect periods of prevalence of these viruses in man. so, the peak of positivity and the higher h.i.a. levels were found for a/new jersey/8/76 strain i ... | 1979 | 552822 |
| effects of individual inhalation of aerosolized amantadine hydrochloride in mice infected with influenza virus a/bethesda 10/63 (h2n2) and a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2). | 1979 | 582762 | |
| antibody response to monovalent a/new jersey/8/76 influenza vaccine in pregnant women. | the decision to implement a mass immunization program with a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1) influenza vaccine provided a unique opportunity to evaluate immunological responses during pregnancy. fifty-nine pregnant and 27 nonpregnant women participated in this study. influenza virus hemagglutination-inhhibition antibody titers were determined to a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1), a/japan/305/57 (h2n2), and a/hong kong/8/68 (h3n2) before and after a single dose of monovalent (200 chick cell agglutination units ... | 1979 | 583151 |
| rapid diagnosis of influenza a infection by direct immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal aspirates in adults. | the efficacy for direct immunofluorescence of a commercial conjugate for influenza a virus prepared against whole a/udorn (h3ns) virus was studied. the conjugate was specific for influenza a virus, but its sensitivity varied depending upon the strain of influenza a tested. nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from 25 patients during an outbreak of influenza were examined for viral antigen with the conjugates and inoculated onto monkey kidney (mk) cells for virus isolation. fifteen patients had iso ... | 1979 | 387816 |
| human lymphocyte cytotoxicity against target cells infected with influenza a viruses of both recent and old strains. | in vitro measurement of lymphocyte cytotoxicity (lc) reflects one aspect of human cell-mediated immunity against influenza. we studied peripheral blood lc against target cells infected with 1 of 3 strains of influenza a virus; these represent both recent and old strains. positive lc responses were obtained in 94 % of subjects. responses were significantly greater against the older strains, a/new jersey/76 (hsw1n1) and a/pr/8/34 (h0n1), than against a/england/42/72 (h3n2). lc reactivity occurred ... | 1979 | 391110 |
| comparison of sevral wild-type influenza viruses in the ferret tracheal organ culture system. | several strains of wild-type influenza a virus were studied in the ferret tracheal organ culture system. ciliary activity and viral replication were measured. ciliary activity was reduced more rapidly by a/hong kong/45/68 (h3n2) (a/hk) and a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) (a/vic) than by a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1) (a/nj), a/scotland/840/74(3hn2) (a/scot), or a/ussr/90/77 (h1n1) (a/ussr). a/hk, a/vic, and a/scot produced titers of virus higher than a/ussr or a/nj during the first three days after infection ... | 1979 | 399387 |
| [immune structure of the population of moscow to the strains of the influenza viruses a(h3n2), a(h1n1) and b circulating in 1977]. | examinations for the presence of antihemagglutinins to influenza a(h3n2), a(h1n1) and b virus strains in the sera from people of different ages collected in april-may and october-november, 1977, showed that influenza a(h1n1) virus began to circulate in the human population of moscow before the onset of an overt epidemic, in the period between june and october, 1977. this conclusion has been drawn on the basis of the absence of antihemagglutinins to a(h1n1) virus in the sera from subjects of 16-2 ... | 1979 | 311977 |
| influenza a(h1n1) viruses of the 1977/78 outbreak: isolation and haemagglutination properties. | during the h1n1 outbreak of 1977/8, the virus was isolated in embryonated eggs from 59 out of 76 patients (78%) with the serologically confirmed infection. a similar isolation frequency has been achieved during a period of six h3n2 outbreaks since 1972/3. the h1n1 strains were isolated less frequently from late specimens (collected 4--6 days from the onset of illness) and more often only in the second passage compared with the h3n2 viruses. the new h1n1 strains resembled those prevalent in the 1 ... | 1979 | 762407 |
| antibodies to the strain-specific and cross-reactive determinants of the haemagglutinin of influenza h3n2 viruses. antiviral activities of the antibodies in biological systems. | antibodies to the strain-specific (ss) and cross-reactive (cr) antigenic determinants of the haemagglutinin (ha) of influenza h3n2 viruses were prepared, and their antiviral properties in experimentally infected mice and in eggs were investigated. the ss antibodies were considerably more efficient than the cr antibodies in direct virus neuralization tests. the difference in the activities of the two types of antibody preparations was less pronounced in virus growth inhibition studies in the alla ... | 1980 | 6164247 |
| antibodies to the strain-specific and cross-reactive determinants of the haemagglutinin of influenza h3n2 virus. 3. selection of antigenic variations in vitro and in vivo. | antigenic variants of influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) were obtained in vitro by letting virus multiply in the allantosis-on-shell system in the presence of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies, prepared from immune goat serum to purified haemagglutinin antigen, and in vivo by giving mice antibody intraperitoneally one day before challenge with a sublethal dose of live virus. in both systems it was shown that the most narrowly reacting strain-specific antibodies selected antigenic variants at an appa ... | 1980 | 6164248 |
| haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies in human sera to an antigenic mutant of influenza a/texas/1/77 (h3n2) virus obtained in vitro. | an antigenic mutant of the wild influenza strain a/texas/1/77 (h3n2) was obtained in vitro by growing virus of the allantosis-on-shell system in the presence of a mouse monoclonal antibody preparation to the texas haemagglutinin (ha) antigen. a total of 204 human sera, from a population of randomly collected sera during the fall of 1979, were examined by the haemagglutination-inhibition (hi) tests against the texas wild strain and the antigenic mutant. it was shown that sera from young children ... | 1980 | 6164249 |
| the mechanism of antigenic drift in influenza viruses: analysis of hong kong (h3n2) variants with monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin molecule. | monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin molecule of the hong kong variant, mem/1/71 (h3n2), influenza virus were used to study antigenic drift in the h3n2 subtype of influenza viruses. antigenic variants of mem/1/71 (h3n2) were selected after a single passage of the virus in chick embryos in the presence of monoclonal antibody. the variants showed a marked reduction in the ability to react with the monoclonal antibody used in selection. the monoclonal antibodies could be divided into three gr ... | 1980 | 6164328 |
| the effects of shifts and drifts on the epidemiology of influenza in man. | accurate information on the epidemiology of influenza over the world is difficult to obtain as it is dependent on both national statistics of morbidity and mortality and on adequate virological confirmation of suspected cases. only a few countries have the facilities for these and in much of the world it is difficult to establish exactly the impact of influenza. for this reason, our knowledge on the natural history of the disease and the virus causing it is restricted to what happens in a few ar ... | 1980 | 6103560 |
| influenza vaccines. | inactivated influenza vaccines can now be made from purified haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. although they have not been fully tested in the field they probably produce as good an immunity as whole virus vaccines and fewer reactions. they could be used against a new serotype in the face of a pandemic. revaccination with killed vaccine may be effective, but one careful study in a school during the drifting of the h3n2 showed that it was not effective there overall. live influenza vaccines have ... | 1980 | 6103563 |
| peculiarities of obtaining attenuated thermosensitive recombinants of influenza a virus at the end of the h3n2 epidemic cycle. | the conditions of obtaining thermosensitive recombinants of the virulent a/leningrad/82/76 (h3n2) virus with two donors of attenuation, a/leningrad/134/17/57 (h2n2) and a/leningrad/9/37/46 (h0n1), were evaluated. the recombinants were obtained by various methodical approaches (hybridization of native viruses, cross-reaction and selection of recombinants at temperatures of 25, 32 and 40 degrees c) to study their effects on the degree of attenuation and the regularity of transmission of the ts mar ... | 1980 | 6106378 |
| amino acid sequence changes in the haemagglutinin of a/hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus during the period 1968--77. | haemagglutinin molecules from nine strains of a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) influenza virus, isolated between 1968 and 1977, were examined for changes in amino acid sequences. at least 18 changes, 9 of which were located precisely, occurred in the soluble tryptic peptides of the large haemagglutinin polypeptide (ha1) during this period. these peptides contained 262 residues (82% of ha1). in ha2, only two changes in 129 residues (58% of ha2) were detected. sequential changes at a particular locus were no ... | 1980 | 6153236 |
| mitogen responses and interferon production after exposure of human macrophages to infectious and inactivated influenza viruses. | human macrophages were exposed to two influenza a viruses representing different subtypes. the donors were likely to have been exposed to one subtype (h3n2) but not to the other (h0n 1). similar effects upon the macrophages were observed for both subtypes: macrophage enhancement of mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte transformation responses was depressed, and the macrophages produced interferon. in contrast, macrophages exposed to inactivated virus exhibited normal enhancement of lymphocyte transform ... | 1980 | 6155437 |
| radioimmunoassay of influenza a virus haemagglutinin. ii. antigenic cross-reactions of influenza a (h3 subtype) viruses as determined by radioimmunoassay and haemagglutination inhibition tests. | individual rabbits differed greatly in their antibody response to the "strain-specific" and "cross-reactive" antigenic determinants on the haemagglutinin (ha) subunit of influenza virus recombinant mrc11 (h3n2) and influenza virus dunedin (h3n2), after immunization with whole virus or bromelain-released haemagglutinin (b-ha). consequently, diverse cross-reactions between htese viruses and a/hong kong/68 virus were found in the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test as well as in homologous radio ... | 1980 | 6155774 |
| determination of the number of nonoverlapping antigenic areas on hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus hemagglutinin with monoclonal antibodies and the selection of variants with potential epidemiological significance. | 1980 | 6156537 | |
| antineuraminidase antibody response to vaccination of chickens with intact virus and different submit preparations of the influenza virus strains a/sing/1/57 (h2n2), a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) and a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2). | the antineuraminidase (an) antibody response to vaccination of chickens with intact virus and different subunit preparations of the influenza virus strains a/sing/1/57 (h2n2), a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) and a/pt. chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) was tested comparatively. using a photometric method capable of analysing mixtures of an antibodies against antigenically different n2 neuraminidases, it was concluded that vaccination with subunits produced by treatment with bromelain and sarkosyl can yield an antibod ... | 1980 | 6157375 |
| the presence of two neuraminidases in an influenza virus. | the wild type influenza strain a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2), when disrupted with sds and electrophoresed on cellulose acetate paper, yielded two separate neuraminidases, na(h+) and na(h-). these enzymes after extraction were biologically active and possessed different specific activities. enzyme na(h+) possessed neuraminidase as well as hemagglutinin activities whereas enzyme na(h-) demonstrated only neuraminidase activity. similar results were obtained when the aichi strain was treated with tween-ether ... | 1980 | 6157463 |
| [antigenic determinants in the makeup of the hemagglutinins of influenza virus type a (h3n2) isolated in 1977--1978]. | antigenic composition of hemagglutinins (ha) of influenza a viruses isolated during the epidemic of 1977--1978 was studied. three antigenic determinants of h3.1, h3.5 and h3.7, identical to the determinants of ha of the viruses isolated in 1975, were detected in ha of the viruses isolated in 1977--1978 by means o the hai test with inhibitor-free and monoreceptor sera. a/south australia/1/77 virus was an exception in this group of viruses, and its ha contained only two determinants, h3.5 and h3.7 ... | 1980 | 6158176 |
| effect on influenza virus infection on the production of interferon by alveolar and peritoneal cells in vitro. | the investigation was carried on mice infected with influenza a/053/74/h3n2 virus. 129/ao/boy, inbred mice, were inoculated intranasally with influenza virus. the alveolar and peritoneal cells from infected and uninfected animals were induced in vitro with newcastle disease virus. it was shown that the alveolar cells from infected mice produce more interferon than the cells from control mice, but the peritoneal cells from both groups of animals produced the same amount of interferon. | 1980 | 6158300 |
| influenza vaccination in hbsag positive chronic active hepatitis patients treated with interferon. | sixteen patients with hepatitis b antigen (hbsag) positive chronic active hepatitis (cah) were vaccinated with the nonhuman influenza a virus heq1neq1; eight patients were also treated with leucocyte interferon. pre-vaccination sera were negative for specific antibody in hemagglutination inhibition tests. four weeks after vaccination all patients had responded with a homologous antibody titer. between the interferon-treated and the untreated groups the differences in antibody titers against the ... | 1980 | 6162083 |
| comparison of the antineuraminidase antibody response to vaccination with intact virus and subunit preparations obtained by different techniques of the influenza virus strains a/sing/1/57 (h2n2), a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) and a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2). | 1980 | 6162604 | |
| cloning dna sequences from influenza viral rna segments. | dna sequences corresponding to gene segments that code for the nonstructural protein, the matrix protein, and the hemagglutinin of influenza a virus [strain a/udorn/72 (h3n2)] were cloned in escherichia coli pbr 322. initially, positive and negative cdna strands were prepared separately by reverse transcription. the positive strands of cdna were transcribed from genomic rna segments by using a specific dodecamer dna sequence as a primer; the negative strands of cdna were transcribed from cytopla ... | 1980 | 6244544 |
| antioncogenic activity of influenza virus on polyoma virus induced renal and brain tumors in newborn wistar rats. | simultaneous inoculation of newborn wistar rats with intact a/pr 8/34 (hon 1) influenza virus and the s.e. strain of polyoma virus resulted in significant reduction of the rates of both kidney sarcomas and brain tumors in comparison to controls given polyoma virus, only. this antioncogenic activity (aoa) of influenza virus was observed independently whether or not influenza and polyoma virus were injected on different sites or were inoculated as a combined vaccine. ether-treated a/pr 8/34 influe ... | 1980 | 6252720 |
| isolation of a recombinant influenza virus (hsw 1 n2) from swine in japan. | outbreaks of swine influenza were first observed in japan in 1978. a number of influenza viruses were isolated from diseased swine. almost all viruses isolated were swine influenza virus (hsw 1 n1) but two viruses isolated from the nasal swabs of swine showing clinical signs of influenza in the kanagawa prefecture were characterized antigenically as hsw 1 n2. analysis of swine sera showed that influenza virus hsw 1 n2 was epidemic in the farm from which the virus had been isolated. the new virus ... | 1980 | 6255900 |
| evidence of prior infection with influenza a/texas/77 (h3n2( virus in dogs with clinical parainfluenza. | eighty dogs exhibiting clinical signs of respiratory disease were sampled for influenza virus isolation and serologically tested for hemagglutination inhibiting antibody to influenza a/hong kong/68, a/victoria/75, a/texas/77 and a/ussr/77. forty-one animals without clinical signs of respiratory disease were also examined serologically. hemagglutinating agents were isolated from nasal and/or pharyngeal swabs taken from 21 of the 80 dogs with clinical respiratory disease. twenty of these 21 isolat ... | 1980 | 6256039 |
| the role of wild birds in the spread of influenza viruses. | eggs deposited by different migrating wild bird species in pond farm areas in hungary were examined for yolk antibodies to different variants of human a/h3n2 influenza virus. antibodies to victoria/75 and texas/77 occurred in 17.9 and 32.0% of gull eggs, and 5.6 and 16.4% of common tern eggs, respectively, while antibodies to a/h1n1/77 occurred in roughly similar proportions (10.2 and 13.4%) in the eggs of both species. infection of the gull and tern populations of given areas by human and avian ... | 1980 | 6258400 |
| ts p1 and p3 genes are responsible for satisfactory level of attenuation of ts-1a2 recombinants bearing h1n1 or h3n2 surface antigens of influenza a virus. | 1980 | 6893373 | |
| [subtypes h1n1 and h3n2 of influenza virus isolated from the same patient]. | 1980 | 6927787 | |
| a study of acute respiratory disease in the community of port chalmers. iii. efficacy of influenza virus subunit vaccines in 1973, 1974 and 1975. | an evaluation of the efficacy of influenza virus subunit vaccine was undertaken during a study of acute respiratory disease in the semi-isolated community of port chalmers, new zealand. in 1973, the administration of a vaccine containing a/england/42/72(h3n2) and b/roma/1/67 stains was found to produce hi antibody titres greater than or equal to 1:40 to the a and b components in 50 percent of 32 subjects. there was no significant ni antibody response to the a component. during an epidemic of a/p ... | 1980 | 6935541 |
| the replication of type a influenza viruses in the infant rat: a marker for virus attenuation. | twenty recombinant influenza virus strains bearing hsw1n1, h1n1 or h3n2 surface antigens, together with their respective wild-type or laboratory-propagated parent viruses, were inoculated into 2 day-old infant rats and their replication in the turbinates and lungs of these animals observed over a period of 5 days. in addition, the ability of each of the recombinant and parent viruses to enhance a subsequent infection of these infant rats by haemophilus influenzae type b was determined. the resul ... | 1980 | 6969291 |
| neuraminidase from influenza virus a (h3n2): specificity towards several substrates and procedure of activity determination. | neuraminidase (acylneuraminyl hydrolase, ec 3.2.1.18) from the influenza virus a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) was purified after treatment of the purified virus with sarcosyl (sodium laurylsarcosinate), centrifugation at 110 000 x g, and chromatography on deae-sephadex and sephadex g-200. it migrated as a single component during electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and its molecular weight was estimated about 270 000. the enzyme was thermolabile, the activity being reduced to 60% in 10 min at 50 degree ... | 1980 | 7213637 |
| evaluation of influenza a/hong kong/123/77 (h1n1) ts-1a2 and cold-adapted recombinant viruses in seronegative adult volunteers. | two attenuated influenza a donor viruses, the a/udorn/72 ts-1a2 and the a/ann arbor/6/60 cold-adapted (ca) viruses, are being evaluated for their ability to reproducibly attenuate each new variant of influenza a virus to a specific and desired level by the transfer of one or more attenuating genes. each of these donor viruses has been able to attenuate influenza a viruses belonging to the h3n2 subtype by the transfer of one or more attenuating genes. to determine whether these two donor viruses ... | 1980 | 7216417 |
| outcome of influenza infection: effect of site of initial infection and heterotypic immunity. | an infection established throughout the total respiratory tract of mice with a highly lung adapted influenza virus (h0n1) led to death from viral pneumonia. the 50% lethal dose (ld(50)) was approximately the same as the 50% infectious dose (id(50)). an infection with the same virus initiated in the nasal mucosa spread to the trachea and lungs over a 3- to 5-day period but was not lethal except at very high infecting doses. the ld(50) was 30,000 times the id(50). mice that had recovered from a pr ... | 1980 | 7216433 |
| influenza and corona-virus antibodies in the newborns and their mothers in mali (1980). | in february 1980 blood samples from 91 women and their newborn babies (cord blood) from mali have been analysed for influenza and corona oc 43 hi antibodies. the titers of influenza hi antibodies were higher in blood samples collected from the mothers at delivery than in their newborns. considering the gmt values and percentage of persons with protective titers (greater than or equal to 1:40) we may assume that influenza a (h3n2) viruses had been highly active in mali. influenza a (h1n1) and b a ... | 1980 | 7233536 |
| [epidemic of influenza in antananarivo (with isolation of virus a/texas/77 (h3n2))]. | 1980 | 7235771 | |
| a murine model for assessment of living attenuated influenza a vaccines. | the laboratory mouse was evaluated as a model to assess the genetic stability of influenza a mutants of potential use as living vaccine strains. the growth of three mutant recombinants, a/hong kong/68-ts-1e (h3n2), a/hk/123/77x-ts-1a2 (h1n1) and a2/aa/6/60-ca(h2n2) was studied in 15 g mice. yields of ts-1e from both lungs and turbinates were ten-fold less than that of a control virus with the same surface antigens. all ts-1e isolates showed evidence of loss of ts phenotype. ts-1a2 and ca recombi ... | 1980 | 7271601 |
| sensitivity and specificity of enzyme immunoassay for serodiagnosis of influenza a virus infections. | antibodies to influenza virus in sera from 40 patients infected with influenza a/ussr/90/77h1n1-like virus were measured by an enzyme immunoassay (eia), and results were compared with those obtained by complement-fixation (cf) and hemagglutination-inhibition (hai) tests. the sensitivity of eia in detecting an increase in influenza antibody in sera from these 40 patients was intermediate (27 of 40) between the cf test (19 of 40) and the hai test (35 of 40) when an ether-treater influenza a/ussr/7 ... | 1980 | 6989932 |
| use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect serum antibody responses of volunteers who received attenuated influenza a virus vaccines. | sera from volunteers who received live influenza a wild-type or ts recombinant virus were tested by hemagglutination inhibition (hi) assay, neuraminidase inhibition (ni) assay, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to determine which assay system was the most sensitive in detecting an immunological response to infection. the elisa was performed with inactivated whole virus antigen, and the optical density at each of five serial twofold dilutions of pre- and postimmunization sera was ... | 1980 | 7011972 |
| evaluation of three strains of influenza a virus in humans and in owl, cebus, and squirrel monkeys. | the virulence of three cloned influenza a viruses was compared in humans and in three readily available species of nonhuman primates (owl, squirrel, and cebus monkeys) in an attempt to identify a species of monkey that could be used to investigate the genetic basis of attenuation of influenza a viruses for humans. three influenza a viruses from two subtypes, i.e., the a/udorn/72 (h3n2), a/alaska/77 (h3h2), and a/hong kong/77 (h1h1) viruses, produced febrile influenzal illness in humans. squirrel ... | 1980 | 6772565 |
| [comparison between killed subunit influenza vaccines and whole virion preparations: study of reactions and protective efficacy in children and adults]. | three hundred eight subjects (of whom 103 children aged 6-12 years) were vaccinated with trivalent--a/ussr/90/77 (h1n1), a/texas/1/77 (h3n2), b/hong kong/8/73 strains--influenza virus vaccines, two of them sub-unit and the third whole-virus preparation. children and adolescent received two doses with an interval of 4 weeks, adults one dose only. the results of the determination by single radial diffusion test of the hemagglutinin amount for each of the three vaccinal strains and the data of the ... | 1980 | 6778485 |
| [biological relations of selected influenza virus strains adapted to mouse lungs. i. h3n2 influenza virus study]. | 1980 | 7340409 | |
| influenza a antibodies in cervine animals. | in the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test, 20 cervine sera, most of which came from northern germany, were treated with receptor destroying enzyme (rde) and 11 sera were found to contain antibodies against the h1n1 (a/ussr 90/77) and h3n2 (a/victoria 13/75, a/texas 1/77) influenza viruses. only two sera contained antibodies against h3n2 viruses, and seven sera were negative. evidence of the specificity of influenza antibodies was provided by the following findings: 1) the igg serum extracts ... | 1980 | 7390623 |
| human trials with wild-type h1n1 and recombinant h3n2-h1n1 influenza a viruses of 1977-1978. | a series of trials was conducted in which wild-type a/ussr/90/77 (h1n1) influenza a virus and a few of its antigenic variants were inoculated into volunteers. infections readily occurred in people of all ages who had initial low antibody titers, but clinical effects were generally mild in comparison with those of the previously tested subtypes, h0n1, h1n1, h2n2, h3n2. there was, however, an inverse relationship between severity of symptoms and age of volunteers, although the incidence of virus e ... | 1980 | 7399693 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus: transfer of the two temperature-sensitive lesions in the udorn/72-ts-1a2 virus to the a2hong kong/123/77 (h1n1) wild-type virus. | the influenza a/udorn/72-ts-1a2 virus possesses temperature-sensitive mutations in the genes coding for the p1 and p3 polymerase proteins. it is being evaluated as a donor of its attenuating temperature-sensitive genes to produce recombinant live vaccine strains of epidemic variants of influenza a virus. transfer of the p1 and p3 genes to two viruses within the h3n2 subtype of influenza a virus (i.e., the a/victoria/3/75 and a/alaska/6/77 viruses) conferred on each variant the following properti ... | 1980 | 7399695 |
| naturally occurring temperature-sensitive influenza a viruses of the h1n1 and h3n2 subtypes. | seventeen of twenty-six influenza a virus isolates of the h1n1 antigenic subtype and two of eleven h3n2 virus isolates from the 1977-78 season exhibited a ts phenotype, were restricted in plaquing in mdck cells at 38.5 degrees c compared to 34 degrees c and appeared to be naturally occurring ts mutants. the cut-off temperature for two such ts h1n1 virus isolates was established as 38 degrees c. the ts viruses were as thermostable as non-ts isolates and no complementation was detected between the ... | 1980 | 7400776 |
| [features of strains of a(h3n2) influenza virus isolated during the 3 epidemics of kiev in 1972-7976]. | 1980 | 7402112 | |
| antibody response to influenza a/new jersey and a/victoria virus vaccines in 1976 and subsequent antibody levels after influenza a epidemics, 1977-1979. | antibody levels before and after vaccination were studied among schoolchildren and young adults given commercial a/new jersey/76 (hswn1), a/victoria/75 (h3n2), and b/hong kong/72 vaccines in the fall of 1976. children responded better to a single dose of the a/new jersey subvirion vaccine than had previously been observed, particularly to a new subvirion vaccine. hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers decreased during the first six months after vaccination but appeared stable thereafter. pe ... | 1980 | 7410896 |
| electrophoretic migration rate differences of polypeptides of human influenza a viruses: partial analysis of the genome of influenza vaccine recombinant viruses. | electrophoretic migration rate differences were detected in high resolution sds polyacrylamide gels for nucleoprotein (np), matrix protein (m), non structural protein (ns1), haemagglutinin (ha) annd, less regularly, for the polymerase polypeptides p1, p2 and p3 induced by different influenza a viruses. the technique allowed parental assignation of the corresponding genes in certain recombinant viruses including a/pr/8/34 (h0n1)--a/hk/117/77 (h1n1), a/okuda/57 (h2n2)--a/hk/119/77 (h1n1) and a/len ... | 1980 | 7416971 |
| [study results of the comprehensive influenza prevention with vaccines and remantadine during the influenza a(h1n1) outbreak in 1979]. | during an outbreak of influenza in april, 1979, caused by a (h1n1) virus the protective effect of remantadine in combination with vaccinations using a national-made live a (h3n2) and inactivated a (h1n1) and b vaccines was studied. the best protective effect was achieved in the subjects vaccinated with influenza vaccines and given remantadine for urgent prophylaxis. vaccination prophylaxis reduced the incidence of influenza and ard 1.4-fold, prophylaxis with remantadine alone 2.3-fold. | 1980 | 7423970 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus: evaluation of the alaska/77-ts-1a2 temperature-sensitive recombinant virus in seronegative adult volunteers. | an influenza a virus recombinant bearing the surface antigens of the a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) wild type virus ands the two ts genes of the a/udorn/72-ts-1a2 (h3n2) virus was evaluated for attenuation, antigenicity, and transmissibility in 28 adult volunteers all of whom possessed a preinoculation serum hemagglutination-inhibiting (hai) antibody titer of less than or equal to 1:8 and 18 of whom also possessed a serum neuraminidase-inhibiting (ni) antibody titer of less than or equal to 1:4. the alask ... | 1980 | 7425857 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus. transfer of the two ts-1a2 ts lesions present in the udorn/72-ts-1a2 donor virus to the influenza a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) wild type virus. | the udorn/72-ts-1a2 temperature-sensitive influenza a virus has a 37 degrees c shutoff temperature and a ts mutation on the genes coding for the p1 and p3 proteins. this ts donor virus was produced with the expectation that the transfer of its two ts genes would regularly and predictably attenuate each new variant of influenza a virus. it had previously been mated with the a/victoria/75 (h3n2) virus and five vic/75-ts-1a2 rcombinants were isolated that had both ts-1a2 ts genes and in vitro and i ... | 1980 | 7425858 |
| a study of live influenza virus vaccine in patients with chronic bronchitis. report to medical research council's committee on influenza and other respiratory virus vaccines. advisory group on pulmonary function tests in relation to live influenza virus vaccines. | a multicentre study of the effects of influenza virus rit 4050 (h3n2) in patients with chronic bronchitis was conducted by members of an mrc committee. the results showed that rit 4050 vaccine virus did not cause a deterioration in clinical or physiological status in these patients within the limitation of the relatively reproducible ventilatory tests which were employed. this conclusion applied equally to those who were inoculated and became infected and to those who failed to develop serologic ... | 1980 | 7426351 |
| further studies of the neuraminidase content of inactivated influenza vaccines and the neuraminidase antibody responses after vaccination of immunologically primed and unprimed populations. | purified concentrates of influenza a/ussr/90/77(h1n1)-like, a/texas/1/77 (h3n2)-like, and b/hong kong/5/72-like viruses used for preparation of investigational and licensed vaccines in 1978 to 1979 were tested for their content of neuraminidase enzyme activity. concentrates of h1n1 virus used to prepare vaccines for clinical investigations performed in the spring of 1978 had neuraminidase activity at that time which decreased during storage to almost undetectable levels (three lots) or by 50% (o ... | 1980 | 7429641 |