Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| analysis of specific interactions influenza virus and cells of different sensitivity. note 2. characteristics of influenza virus-host cell interaction in persistent infection. | molecular hybridization was used for the demonstration of virus-specific rna synthesis in the latent phase of influenza virus replication in the sensitive mdck cell cultures and for its investigation in the persistent system represented by nonpermissive ao cells and influenza a/victoria 35/72 (h3n2). | 1982 | 7072150 |
| prevalence of hemagglutination inhibition antibody to current strains of the h3n2 and h1n1 subtypes of influenza a virus in sera collected from the elderly in 1976. | sera were collected in 1976 from 182 individuals born between 1876-1935, who included patients in a large local nursing home in orange county, california, and patients and staff at the university of california, irvine medical center. sera were treated with receptor-destroying enzyme and assayed for hemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody to recent strains of influenza a virus. the antigens tested were: a/victoria/3/76 and a/texas/1/77 for subtype h3n2; a/new jersey/8/76, a/x53 and a/swine/1976 ... | 1982 | 7072705 |
| occurrence of temperature-sensitive influenza a viruses in nature. | the origin and characteristics of the first naturally occurring temperature-sensitive (ts) strain of influenza a virus identified in 1973, xia-ts, are described. natural ts strains were found to occur in the early egg passage material of all influenza a subtypes examined, but the proportion of ts virus varied from 8.3% for old h1n1 virus (1949 to 1957) to 82.4% for recent h3n2 virus (1979 to 1980). a number of strains were found to be composed of a mixture of ts and wild-type (ts+) particles. si ... | 1982 | 7077746 |
| sequence of the influenza a/udorn/72 (h3n2) virus neuraminidase gene as determined from cloned full-length dna. | 1982 | 7080447 | |
| estimating household and community transmission parameters for influenza. | a maximum likelihood procedure is given for estimating household and community transmission parameters from observed influenza infection data. the estimator for the household transmission probability is an improvement over the classical secondary attack rate calculations because it factors out community-acquired infections from true secondary infections. the mathematical model used does not require the specification of infection onset times and, therefore, can be used with serologic data which d ... | 1982 | 7081204 |
| [level of antibodies to influenza viruses a and b in the blood sera of children under 13]. | the level of antibodies to influenza a (h1n1), a (h2n2), a (h3n2), and b viruses in the blood sera collected in october and november, 1980, from 224 children under 13 resident in moscow and its suburbs was studied the results of the study showed convincingly the influenza a (h2n2) viruses did not circulate at that time among the population of moscow and its suburbs. the 4 positive (not exceeding 1 : 40 findings in sera from younger children were due to the presence in them of the antibodies cros ... | 1982 | 7090338 |
| [course of influenza in cyclophosphane suppression of cellular and humeral immunity]. | under conditions of immunosuppression of b- and t-cell functions with cyclophosphane, experimental influenza in mice infected with a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) runs early in the infection a much milder course than in mice given no such treatment. the mortality among immunosuppressed mice was 5 times as low as in the controls; the virus could be isolated from the lung tissue earlier and in higher titres; cyclophosphane inhibited the synthesis of antibodies and nonspecific thermolabile and thermostable tis ... | 1982 | 7090340 |
| [characteristics of the degree and spectrum of antiviral activity of 2-(1'-aminoethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride]. | a high activity of a bicycloheptane derivative against influenza viruses, poor activity against venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis and parainfluenza type 3 viruses, and the lack of activity against herpes simplex, vaccinia, echo 6, adenovirus type 3 replicating in tissue cultures were demonstrated. the efficacy of the drug in orthomyxovirus infection of tissue culture includes the viruses with the antigenic formula a (h3n2) and a (h1n1), is poor with the a/pr8/34 (h0n1) virus, and lacking with ... | 1982 | 7090343 |
| [parent and recombinant influenza virus a strains differing in the degree of remantadine sensitivity]. | the pattern of inheritance in recombination of various degrees of sensitivity of influenza viruses to remantadine was studied and the genes responsible for the manifestation of this character with regard to the degree of the strain sensitivity to the inhibitor were determined. the results suggest that resistance to 10 microgram/ml remantadine in most cases was determined by the inheritance of the gene coding for the membrane protein, whereas the sensitivity to 10 microgram/ml remantadine most fr ... | 1982 | 7090347 |
| secretory and systemic immunological response in children infected with live attenuated influenza a virus vaccines. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure isotype-specific antibody to purified hemagglutinin (ha) of influenza a virus, using serum and nasal-wash specimens from young children undergoing primary infection with live cold-adapted influenza a/alaska/77 (h3n2) or a/hong kong/77 (h1n1) candidate vaccine virus. the serum antibody response followed the pattern expected for a primary viral infection. each of 17 vaccinated children had a serum immunoglobulin g (igg) ha antibody response, ... | 1982 | 7095844 |
| influenza virus replication in human alveolar macrophages. | studies with animal models suggest that alveolar macrophages may be important cells in some respiratory virus infections, but little is known about the role of these cells in virus infections in man. in this study human alveolar macrophages were obtained by fibreoptic bronchoscopy and infected in vitro with a variety of influenza viruses. after infection with the nws strain of influenza virus the haemagglutinin and nucleoprotein viral antigens were demonstrated in greater than 90% of cells at 24 ... | 1982 | 7097255 |
| identification of naturally occurring temperature-sensitive strains of influenza a virus and location of their genetic lesions. | influenza a viruses of different subtypes isolated in different years and from different parts of china were examined for temperature-sensitiveness (ts) in their early egg passages. the validity of ts character has been confirmed by the results of parallel tests in chick embryos and in cell cultures. from 12 strains of the old h1n1 subtype isolated between 1949 and 1957, no ts strain was detected. two out of 6 strains of new h1n1 isolated after february 1979 were found to be ts. for the h3n2 sub ... | 1982 | 7100902 |
| the possible origin of h3n2 influenza virus. | 1982 | 7101733 | |
| anti-influenza a virus activity of amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride in ferret tracheal ciliated epithelium. | the activities and toxicities of amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride against influenza a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) and a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) viruses were compared in organ cultures and ferret tracheal ciliated epithelium. pretreatment of cultures with concentrations (0.5 and 1 micrograms/ml) comparable to those found in human serum after oral administration of amantadine revealed that rimantadine produced significantly longer protection than amantadine against virus-induced cytopathi ... | 1982 | 7103458 |
| influenzavirus infections in seattle families, 1975-1979. i. study design, methods and the occurrence of infections by time and age. | intensive surveillance of seattle, washington, families with school-age children for influenzavirus infections during 1975-1979 encompassed 639 family- and 2732 person-seasons of observation, covering four influenzavirus epidemic seasons: type b (1975-1979), type a/h3n2 (1975-1976 and 1977-1978) and type a/h1n1 (1978-1979). late spring "herald" waves of infection occurred in 1977 (a/h3n2), 1978 (a/h1n1) and 1979 (type b), the latter presaging an epidemic in 1979-1980. out-of-season infections, r ... | 1982 | 7114033 |
| [antibody response to trivalent anti-influenza vaccination (inactivated virus) a/texas/1/77 h3n2), a/urss/90/77 (h1n1), b/hong kong/8/73]. | seventy-five young recruits received an intramuscular dose of anti-influenza virus vaccine containing 300 u.i. of a/texas/1/77 (h3n2), a/urss/90/77 (h1n1), b/hong kong/8/73 strains. antibody responses were detected by hi and srh tests: immunogenicity of the preparation was different for the individual vaccine strain in spite of the similar amount of antigenic content, and the immunity conferred by vaccine strains did not significantly extend to new influenza virus strains which prevailed in 1979 ... | 1982 | 7126342 |
| [antibody response to an anti-influenza vaccine of inactivated whole virus, titrated in micrograms, used in the 1980/81 season]. | antibody response of 68 healthy young-adult volunteers to a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2), a/brazil/11/78 (h1n1), b/singapore/222/79 trivalent anti-influenza virus vaccine was studied by haemagglutination inhibition and single radial haemolysis techniques. the results of this study indicate that immunogenicity of the individual components of the vaccine (10 micrograms each) varied significantly, the highest frequence of antibody response occurring for a/brazil influenza virus strain and the lowest for b/s ... | 1982 | 7126343 |
| [retrospective identification of time of isolation of variants of a/bangkok/1/79 and a/beijing/2/79 group of h3n2 influenza virus]. | 1982 | 7128321 | |
| virulence of avian influenza a viruses for squirrel monkeys. | ten serologically distinct avian influenza a viruses were administered to squirrel monkeys and hamsters to compare their replication and virulence with those of human influenza a virus, a/udorn/307/72 (h3n2). in squirrel monkeys, the 10 avian influenza a viruses exhibited a spectrum of replication and virulence. the levels of virus replication and clinical response were closely correlated. two viruses, a/mallard/ny/6874/78 (h3n2) and a/pintail/alb/121/79 (h7n8), resembled the human virus in thei ... | 1982 | 7129631 |
| cellular response in humans following vaccination with gripax influenza virus. | cellular response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to influenza antigens was measured in a group of young nurse-student volunteers (17-24 years old), following vaccination with a formol-inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (gripax). cord blood lymphocytes (controls) did not react with any of the antigens. this excluded the possibility of any nonspecific mitogenicity of viral antigens. viability of the cells was indicated by their responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (pha). prior to immunizatio ... | 1982 | 7130968 |
| [variability of the virulent properties of influenza a viruses in recombination]. | the pattern of redistribution of human virulence in epidemic strains of influenza viruses in recombination with human avirulent strains was studied. in the course of recombination of epidemic and attenuated influenza virus strains variants with different human virulence were obtained. some recombinants manifested enforced reactogenic properties as compared with the epidemic strain (x/28, m/35, and 0/26--h1n1, and 2p--h3n2). at the same time, recombinants no 19 (h1n1) and 1p (h3n2) with a similar ... | 1982 | 7135925 |
| live influenza a/victoria/75 (h3n2) virus vaccines: reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and protection against wild-type virus challenge. | four live influenza a/victoria/75 (h3n2) recombinant virus vaccines were administered intranasally to a total of 50 volunteers who had little or no detectable serum neutralizing antibody. a recombinant with ts-1[e] having a 38 degrees c shut-off temperature caused febrile reactions or systemic reactions or both in 21% of the volunteers, but one with ts-1a2 having a 37 degrees c shut-off temperature caused no illness. two recombinants prepared with cold-adapted a/ann arbor/6/60 caused 9% febrile ... | 1982 | 7141686 |
| oligopeptide mapping of np proteins of influenza a viruses. | oligopeptide mapping of nucleoproteins (np proteins) of 54 strains of influenza a virus showed the presence of both common and individual oligopeptides. using the distribution of variable oligopeptides as the criterion, np proteins were subdivided into four groups (np0, np1, np2 and np3). the np0 group is composed of h0n1 influenza viruses and the majority of animal influenza viruses. the np1 group contains h1n1 (except a/california/78) and h2n2 influenza viruses isolated from man as well as h1n ... | 1982 | 7142966 |
| [neuraminidase of influenza virus]. | neuraminidase or sialidase (ec 3.2.1.18, acylneuraminyl hydrolase) from a strain of the influenza virus a (h3n2), identical to the a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) strain, has been purified and characterized by electrofocusing; only about 20% of the previous enzymic activity was lost after electrofocusing. the enzyme activity was measured by the peryodate-thiobarbiturate procedure, by the methoxyphenol-antipyrine method, and by spectrophotometry at 340 nm of the nadh produced in the oxidation of the beta-g ... | 1982 | 7146596 |
| evaluation of live and inactivated influenza a virus vaccines in a mouse model. | induction of cross-protective immunity against serologically distinct subtypes of influenza a virus in mice was examined in an attempt to correlate cross-protection with heterotypic lymphocyte responses. live and inactivated virus vaccines protected against the homologous subtype, but only whole virus protected against heterologous subtypes. live virus vaccines provided better cross-protection than inactivated virus vaccines. a weak defense against heterotypic challenge generated by live h0n1 vi ... | 1982 | 6977595 |
| study of several genetic markers of two recombinants derived from autochthonous influenza virus type a strains. | two recombinants derived from autochthonous influenza virus type a strains were studied as regards neuraminidase activity, the rate of elution from chicken rbc and the sensitivity to nonspecific horse serum inhibitors. neuraminidase activity was lower in the a(h1n1) recombinant and in its collection and wild-type parents belonging to the same subtype than in the a(h3n2) recombinant and parental strains; the elution rate was much higher in the former than in the latter. in contrast to the parenta ... | 1982 | 6959412 |
| epidemiological, clinical, and virological features of influenza outbreaks in pune, india, 1980. | during the course of continuous surveillance of influenza in 1980 in pune, india, which has a tropical monsoon climate, three outbreaks of acute respiratory infection (ari) were investigated in march (hot season), in july-september (rainy season), and in november (cold season); sporadic cases during the interepidemic months were also studied. the first outbreak was associated with influenza a virus (h3n2), the second with influenza a viruses (h3n2) and (h1n1) and influenza b virus, but fewer inf ... | 1982 | 6982785 |
| characterization of human serum strain-specific antihemagglutinin antibody to a/port chalmers/73 (h3n2) influenza virus by radioimmunoprecipitation assays. | we performed radioimmunoprecipitation assays in which iodinated preparations of a/port chalmers/73 (a/pc/73) hemagglutinin were used as the test antigens and high concentrations of unlabeled a/hong kong/68 viral protein were used to inhibit the binding of cross-reactive antibodies to quantitate strain-specific antibody responses in postvaccination sera. strain-specific antibodies comprised 8 to 48% (mean, 20%) of the total a/pc/73 antigen-binding capacity of the sera tested. competition radioimm ... | 1982 | 6985298 |
| [antibody formation and preservation against the envelope antigens of influenza virus subtype a(h3n2) after infection and vaccination]. | 1982 | 6764986 | |
| [humoral immunity to influenza a and b viruses in the blood sera of children younger than 14 in 1981]. | blood sera from 317 children with the history of noninfectious diseases or normal children pretreated with rde were collected and examined for antihemagglutinins to 7 influenza virus strains in order to check the results of studies of 1980 and to study the immunity status to influenza a (h1n1), a (h2n2), a (h3n2) and b in the preepidemic period of 1981. negative results of antihemagglutinin detection to influenza a/iksha/1/57 (h2n2) in sera of all the children have confirmed the conclusion made ... | 1983 | 6606903 |
| individuals infected with two subtypes of influenza a virus in the same season. | participants in the houston family study were observed during a period of two mixed outbreaks due to two subtypes of influenza a virus: h3n2 and h1n1 (1977-1981). virus specimens, serum samples, and clinical records were obtained to identify and characterize infections. in 1977-1978, 40% of 238 persons in 59 families were infected by influenza a virus (h3n2), 11% by influenza a virus (h1n1), and 4% by both. in 1980-1981, for 319 persons in 79 families, the corresponding rates were 27%, 20%, and ... | 1983 | 6822747 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a/udorn/72 (h3n2) virus. iii. genetic analysis of temperature-dependent host range mutants. | one hundred thirty-three ts mutants of influenza a/udorn/72 virus were arranged into eight complementation groups, a-h, on madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) monolayer cultures at the restrictive temperature of 40 degrees. the eight complementation groups, a-h, on mdck cells corresponded to the eight recombination groups, a-h, on rhesus monkey kidney (rmk) cells, respectively, and this suggested that each mdck complementation group represented one of the eight influenza a rna gene segments. these ... | 1983 | 6823745 |
| anti-influenza a activity of combinations of amantadine and ribavirin in ferret tracheal ciliated epithelium. | the anti-influenza a activities of amantadine and ribavirin were investigated separately and in combination. ferret tracheal ciliated epithelium was continuously exposed to the drugs at concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/l) comparable to those found in human serum after oral administration. each drug alone produced a modest delay in a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) induced cytopathic effect. the combination of drugs synergistically delayed cytopathic effect. at 1 mg/l of each, cytopathic effect was prevent ... | 1983 | 6826488 |
| isolation of respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses from the sputum of patients hospitalized with pneumonia. | routinely collected sputum specimens from 100 adults hospitalized with pneumonia were frozen at -70 c until inoculation into madin-darby canine kidney, fetal tonsil, and esophageal epithelial cells. six influenza a (h3n2) viruses, two respiratory syncytial viruses, three rhinoviruses, and nine herpes simplex viruses were recovered. four patients with influenza virus and one with respiratory syncytial virus isolated had nosocomial pneumonia. viral isolation from sputum specimens may aid the diagn ... | 1983 | 6827134 |
| temperature-sensitive influenza a virus clones originated by a cross between a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) and b/yamagata/1/73. | a genetic cross was performed between influenza viruses b/yamagata/1/73 and clone 6-10, an a type influenza virus derived from a cross between a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) and b/yamagata. efficiency of plating of b/yamagata at 39.5 degrees c was less than 10(-3) in mdck cells, while that of clone 6-10 or a/aichi was higher than 10(-1). four of the 15 clones selected for ha of aichi serotype from the mixed yield, where type b virus was predominant over type a, were temperature-sensitive (ts), with efficie ... | 1983 | 6830443 |
| interference following dual inoculation with influenza a (h3n2) and (h1n1) viruses in ferrets and volunteers. | the effects of simultaneous inoculation with two attenuated influenza a viruses was studied in ferrets and volunteers. groups of ferrets were inoculated with an influenza a (h3n2) or (h1n1), virus or a combination of both viruses: the temperature response, serum and local antibody response, and the change in nasal wash protein concentration was determined. the results showed that both viruses were attenuated for ferrets, and that inoculation with both viruses together did not cause clinical reac ... | 1983 | 6834013 |
| [influenza in the winter of 1982-1983, caused by the a-h3n2 virus]. | 1983 | 6843700 | |
| [ph-dependent hemolytic and neuraminidase activity of remantadine-sensitive and -resistant variants of influenza virus]. | a comparative study of ph-dependence of hemolytic and neuraminidase activities of four remantadin-sensitive influenza a virus strains capv (classical avian plague virus) (h7n7), ussr/090/77 (h1n1), ann arbor (h2n2), and texas (h3n2) and their remantadin-resistant variants was carried out. the original strains were shown to produce hemolysis in a narrow ph range (5.0 and 5.5) and to have maximal neuraminidase activity at the same ph values. in remantadin-resistant variants the optimal ph values f ... | 1983 | 6845715 |
| prevalence of influenza viruses a-h1n1 and a-h3n2 in swine in the netherlands. | in the period december 1979-may 1980 a respiratory disease spread rapidly through pig herds in the netherlands. surveillance of 12 pig farms resulted in isolation of 22 influenza a-swine-h1n1 (hsw1n1) strains from 9 pig herds. the morbidity rate was high but the mortality rate was nil. retardation in growth was observed. sera collected from affected pig herds showed a fourfold increase in haemagglutination inhibition (hi) titre against a-swine-h1n1 virus. sera collected on five farms showed a ge ... | 1983 | 6851479 |
| dose response of a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) cold-adapted reassortant vaccine virus in adult volunteers: role of local antibody in resistance to infection with vaccine virus. | an attenuated influenza a candidate vaccine virus, derived from the a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) cold-adapted (ca) donor virus and the a/alaska/6/77 (h3n2) wild-type virus, was evaluated in adult seronegative volunteers (serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer, less than or equal to 1:8) for level of attenuation, infectivity, antigenicity, and genetic stability. four groups with similar preinoculation mean titers of serum and nasal wash antibodies were inoculated intranasally with 10(4.5), 1 ... | 1983 | 6852910 |
| secretory immunological response after intranasal inactivated influenza a virus vaccinations: evidence for immunoglobulin a memory. | an intranasal, inactivated trivalent influenza a vaccine containing 7 micrograms of a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) hemagglutinin was administered to 20 children aged 1 to 6 years to assess the local and systemic immune responses to antigen delivered to the respiratory tract. six children without prior influenza virus infection exhibited no local immune response and manifested only a minimal systemic response to the intranasal vaccine. in contrast, five individuals who were previously infected with a live ... | 1983 | 6852914 |
| influenza infection in the infant mouse. | a nonlethal influenza infection [a/pc/1/73 (h3n2)] was given to infant mice to determine (1) the pathology of tracheal epithelium and lung, (2) the time course of viral shedding from the nose and lung, and (3) the subsequent development of protective immunity during adulthood. both desquamation of the tracheal epithelium and lung pathology similar to that described in adults after influenza infection were observed in the infant. animals infected at 3 days of age show virus shedding in 12 of 13 i ... | 1983 | 6856395 |
| 4s component of influenza virion rna represented by a set of trnas. | the aminoacceptor capacity of the 4s fraction of influenza virion rna--strain a/texas 1/77a (h3n2)--was studied in a cell-free system containing individual 3h-amino acids and rat liver ph 5-enzyme preparation. the presence of at least 5 species of active trna was demonstrated. there were differences in the composition of the trna populations of influenza virus and of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane cells in which the virus had cultivated. these differences point to the selectivity of t ... | 1983 | 6857988 |
| activity of cyclosporin a in experimental influenza virus infection in mice. | oral administration of the immunosuppressive fungal metabolite cyclosporin a increased the mortality of balb/c mice infected intranasally with influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus. cyclosporin a also increased the amount of virus that could be recovered from the lungs of infected mice and delayed the rate at which it was eliminated. treatment with cyclosporin a did not, however, prevent the appearance of haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in the sera of animals that had been infected with ... | 1983 | 6858792 |
| recycling of h1n1 influenza a virus in man--a haemagglutinin antibody study. | sera from people born between 1883 and 1930 and collected in 1977 were tested for the presence of hi antibodies to a/fm/1/47 (h1n1) virus and three recently (1977 and 1978) isolated influenza a-h1n1 viruses. the highest frequency of high-titred antibody to the four h1n1 viruses was detected in sera from people born in 1903-4, i.e. 42, 54, 38, and 22% had antibody against a/fm/1/47, a/hong kong/117/77, a/brazil/11/78, and a/fukushima/103/78 respectively. the birthdate groups 1896-1907 showed a hi ... | 1983 | 6863911 |
| [oligopeptide mapping of the proteins of animal influenza virus nucleoproteins]. | oligopeptide mapping showed the viruses h1n1 and h3n2 isolated from animals, unlike the majority of animal viruses with "animal" subtypes of the surface antigens, to have np proteins typical of human h1n1 and h3n2 viruses which confirms their origin from human viruses. | 1983 | 6868550 |
| [procedures for estimating transmission parameters from influenza epidemics: use of serological data]. | a maximum likelihood procedure is given for estimating household and community transmission parameters from observed influenza infection data. the mathematical model used does not require the specification of infection onset times and, therefore, can be used with serological data which detect asymptomatic infections. infection data was derived by serology and virus isolation from the tecumseh respiratory illness study and the seattle flu study for the years 1975-1979. influenza a (h1n1), a (h3n2 ... | 1983 | 6868556 |
| [production of antibodies to influenza virus a by human lymphoid cells in vitro]. | the data are presented on studying the production of antibodies to influenza a (h3n2) virus by lymphoid cells of the amygdaline tonsils and mediastinal lymph nodes in vitro during stimulation of these cells with influenza virus or lipopolysaccharide of typhoid bacteria. | 1983 | 6871460 |
| investigation on the monsoon outbreak of influenza a (h3n2) virus strain in pune, india, 1981. | 1983 | 6874028 | |
| hemagglutinin-specific antibody responses in immunoglobulin g, a, and m isotypes as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after primary or secondary infection of humans with influenza a virus. | the isotype-specific antibody responses to purified hemagglutinin of adults undergoing either primary or secondary infection with an influenza a virus were characterized by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. twenty-eight military recruits undergoing primary infection with a/ussr/92/77 (h1n1)-like virus had serum antibody rises in the immunoglobulin m (igm) (86%), igg (100%), and iga (96%) isotypes. in contrast, 19 adult volunteers undergoing secondary infection with a/peking/2/79 (h3n2) ... | 1983 | 6874068 |
| the similar interaction of ferret alveolar macrophages with influenza virus strains of differing virulence at normal and pyrexial temperatures. | the possibility that ferret lung macrophages may be one factor operating in vivo to prevent infection of susceptible alveolar cells (as demonstrated by organ cultures) by both virulent and attenuated strains of influenza virus has been investigated. phagocytosis of four strains of influenza virus [a/pr/8/34 (h1n1) and clone 64d (attenuated for ferrets) and clones 64c and 7a (virulent for ferrets) of the recombinant virus a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2)] by ferret alveolar macrophages in vitro ... | 1983 | 6875518 |
| [isolation of spontaneous mutants from influenza a virus recombinants after several plaque passages in embryonic chicken cells]. | clones with larger plaques (2.5-4 mm in diameter) could be isolated after sequential passages of influenza virus recombinants a/greifswald 6/74 x a/pr8/34 (h3n1) and a/bangkok 1/79 x a/pr8/34 (h3n1 and h3n2) in chick embryo cells. in addition to the large plaques, very small ones (1-1.5 mm in diameter) could be regularly observed in a proportion of about 10% at subsequent passages of these variants. the clones exhibited a constant size of the plaques, and there were no large-plaque forming rever ... | 1983 | 6880027 |
| [production and properties of inhibitor-resistant mutants of influenza a virus recombinants]. | inhibitor-resistant (ir) mutants could be selected from recombinants between influenza virus a/pr8/34 (h1n1) and a/greifswald 6/74, a/greifswald, 1/76, a/erfurt 8/77 (all (h3n2)). spontaneous mutants were selected by cultivation on chorioallantoic membrane fragments in roller tubes, in the presence of 10% inactivated rabbit serum. the ir-mutants thus obtained were cloned during two successive plaque-to-plaque passages. the appearance of resistance to heat-stable rabbit serum inhibitors was conco ... | 1983 | 6880028 |
| [comparative study of the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine preparations]. | the reactogenicity, safety, immunogenicity and epidemiological effectiveness of inactivated virion vaccinal preparations from strains a (h3n2) texas 1/77a, a (h1n1) and split adsorbed influenza chemical vaccine, as well as the character of local and systemic reactions to these vaccines were studied. the vaccinees showed a high percentage of seroconversions (42-69.4%) with antibody titers increasing 5 times and more. at the period of the epidemic outbreak of influenza in january 1980, caused by i ... | 1983 | 6880484 |
| different virulence of influenza a virus strains and susceptibility to pneumococcal otitis media in chinchillas. | we have previously shown that chinchillas infected with a multiply passaged laboratory strain of influenza a/nws/33 (h1n1) develop negative middle-ear pressure; polymorphonuclear leukocyte oxidative, bactericidal, and chemotactic dysfunction; and increased susceptibility to pneumococcal otitis media. because influenza a virus strains show different virulence in humans, three such strains were compared in the chinchilla model. negative middle-ear pressure and tympanic membrane inflammation develo ... | 1983 | 6885170 |
| human influenza virus infection in mink: serological evidence of infection in summer and autumn. | during the period from july to november 1981, 42 out of 128 young mink of a flock were found to possess antibodies against the viruses a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) and a/kumamoto/37/79 (h1n1), which were currently prevailing human influenza viruses. seroconversion against a/bangkok/1/79 was found in 12 mink from august to november. hi antibody titers of greater than 1: 128 were found in 8 out of 42 mink at the first examination in july and august. these findings suggest that infection with these human ... | 1983 | 6612982 |
| phenotypic variation in influenza virus reassortants with identical gene constellations. | to determine which gene segments of influenza a viruses are responsible for the property of tissue tropism, reassortants were produced between the avian influenza strain, a/mal/ny/6750/78 [h2n2] (mal/ny), and a human strain, a/udorn/307/72 [h3n2] (udorn). the avian strain replicates in the intestinal tract of ducks and the human strain does not. eight reassortants were shown by hybridization analysis to have the same gene constellation, having received hemagglutinin gene segment 4 from udorn and ... | 1983 | 6612991 |
| evaluation of the a/seal/mass/1/80 virus in squirrel monkeys. | an influenza a virus isolated from seals [a/seal/mass/1/80 (h7n7)] and an isolate of this virus obtained from a human conjunctiva were evaluated for replication and virulence in squirrel monkeys. when the seal virus was administered intratracheally, it replicated in lungs and nasopharynges and induced illness almost to the same extent that a human influenza a virus [a/udorn/72 (h3n2)] did. in one monkey that died of pneumonia, the seal virus was recovered from spleen, liver, and muscle as well a ... | 1983 | 6618672 |
| direct isolation of h1n2 recombinant virus from a throat swab of a patient simultaneously infected with h1n1 and h3n2 influenza a viruses. | two h1n2 recombinant viruses were isolated by a plaquing method from a throat swab of a patient who was simultaneously infected with h1n1 and h3n2 influenza viruses during the tokyo epidemic of 1981. this is the first direct evidence that recombination of influenza viruses occurred in the human body. | 1983 | 6619292 |
| variation in frequency of natural reinfection with influenza a viruses. | to investigate the frequency of natural reinfection with influenza a viruses, 55 children followed from birth along with the 44 other children and 85 adults in their families were observed for varying periods between 1975 and 1981 in the houston family study. persons infected in 1976 or early 1977 with influenza a subtype h3n2 experienced a high rate of reinfection during the 1977-78 season (63% in one group of young children) and additional reinfections in 1980-81. persons in whom h3n2 infectio ... | 1983 | 6619811 |
| reactogenicity, immunogenicity, and antibody persistence in adults given inactivated influenza virus vaccines - 1978. | monovalent a/ussr/77 (h1n1) and trivalent a/ussr/77, a/texas/77 (h3n2), and b/hong kong/72 influenza virus vaccines from four manufacturers were tested in 292 adult volunteers. systemic reactions were mild and resembled those with 1976 (swine) vaccines containing similar doses (in micrograms) of viral hemagglutinin. trivalent vaccines caused more local inflammation than did monovalent, especially in older women. two doses containing 7 micrograms of hemagglutinin each were required to induce a ti ... | 1983 | 6622888 |
| [isolation and characteristics of the hemagglutinin and its light and heavy chains from influenza virus a/leningrad (h3n2)]. | 1983 | 6628199 | |
| excess deaths attributable to influenza in england and wales: age at death and certified cause. | the multiple regression statistical method has already been used to estimate excess deaths attributable to influenza in england and wales by winter period. now we report further studies of deaths by age group and certified cause of death. during the ten winters since the influenza a/hong kong (h3n2) virus first arrived (1968/69 to 1977/78) there have been about 120,000 excess deaths. of these about 82% were estimated to be in those aged 65+ years, 17% in the 40-64 year age group and 1% in younge ... | 1983 | 6629624 |
| influenza surveillance in the pacific northwest 1976-1980. | between june 1976 and june 1980 active year-round surveillance for influenza was carried out in seattle in order to establish an early warning system. this report compares yield by different community groups and age. waves of influenza virus infection appearing in three successive springs were followed in each instance by epidemics with the same subtype virus(es) in the following winter. these included two co-circulating a/h3n2 variants (a/victoria/75 and a/texas/77) in spring 1977 and winter 19 ... | 1983 | 6629625 |
| analysis of antigenic drifts of h3n2 subtype of influenza type a viruses by monoclonal antibodies. | 1983 | 6630430 | |
| characterization of a cold-sensitive (cs) recombinant between two influenza a strains. | recombinants between fowl plague virus (fpv, h7n1) and the hong kong (h3n2) or singapore (h2n2) influenza virus strains carrying the hemagglutinin of fpv and the neuraminidase of the human strains form only very tiny plaques at 33 degrees, but normal plaques at 37 degrees. one recombinant (113/ho) has been studied in more detail. it multiplies only very slowly at 33 degrees, the nonpermissive temperature. adsorption and penetration are normal at 33 degrees, but synthesis of protein is impeded. t ... | 1983 | 6636541 |
| trivalent, inactivated influenza virus vaccine in children with sickle cell disease. | school-aged children with sickle cell disease who were administered a single dose of trivalent, inactivated influenza virus vaccine had serum antibody titers comparable to titers achieved in the two-dose trials carried out in 1978. the proportion exhibiting titers of 1:32 or greater ranged from 84% to 68% for the three antigens. preschool children with sickle cell disease received two doses of the same vaccine four weeks apart and their postimmunization titers to each of the antigens were slight ... | 1983 | 6637914 |
| the role of naturally-acquired bacterial infection in influenza-related death in neonatal ferrets. | concomitant, naturally-acquired bacterial infection was the cause of some deaths occurring in neonatal ferrets infected with the attenuated influenza virus a/puerto rico/8/34, these being prevented by antibiotic therapy. bacterial infection played an insignificant role in the greater number of deaths following inoculation with the virulent clone 7a (of the recombinant influenza virus a/puerto rico/8/34-a/england/939/69/(h3n2]. as seen previously with clone 7a some ferret neonates infected with a ... | 1983 | 6639875 |
| investigation of an outbreak of influenza by a/vict./3/75 (h3n2) virus strain in kharakwasla in 1980. | 1983 | 6654448 | |
| serum antibody responses in naturally occurring influenza a virus infection determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hemagglutination inhibition, and complement fixation. | serum antibody responses to influenza a virus infection were examined in 388 normal subjects during a trial of chemoprophylaxis in an outbreak of influenza a in 1980-1981 in which both a/h1n1 and a/h3n2 viruses circulated. paired serum specimens obtained over a 6-week period were tested for antibodies to both a/h1n1 and a/h3n2 viruses by conventional hemagglutination inhibition, complement fixation, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). antibody responses detected by elisa were deter ... | 1983 | 6655040 |
| [epizootic swine influenza on animal farms in brittany]. | since 1976, seroepidemiological surveys using radial haemolysis and isolation trials from samples collected from pigs at the abattoir showed that brittany was an important reservoir of swine subclinical infections due to the human influenza a viruses h3n2. influenza a h1sw n1sw subclinical infections sporadically occurred from 1979 to 1981. in january 1982 an epizootic started in finistère which spread from west to east. the h1sw and n1sw antigens of 28 stains isolated from 1979 to 1982 were stu ... | 1983 | 6658105 |
| [comparison of the 35s-methionine oligopeptide maps of influenza a virus np proteins]. | tryptic mapping of radioactive methionine-labeled np proteins of 15 species of human influenzae a viruses and 11 animal viruses was performed. on the basis of similarities and differences of peptide maps, np proteins were divided into 4 groups designated a, b, c, and d. group a included viruses a/ws/33 and a/pr/8/34; group b viruses h1n1 (apart from those isolated after 1977 and wsn virus), h2n2, h3n2, and 8 species of animal influenza viruses, group c 4 species of h1n1 viruses isolated in 1977- ... | 1983 | 6659469 |
| [radioimmunological analysis of the neuraminidase of influenza virus subtype n2]. | competitive radioimmunoassay in the homologous system using 125i-labeled neuraminidase (na) of a/japan/305/57 virus and antibodies to it showed that influenza viruses na of subtypes h2n2 (a/singapore/1/57 and a/tokyo/3/67) and h3n2 (a/aichi/2/68, a/england/42/72, a/port chalmers/1/73, and a/texas/1/77) had undergone clear antigenic change despite the presence of japan strain na determinant. the use of a heterologous system (125i-na of the japan strain--antibodies to na of england/42/72 strain) f ... | 1983 | 6659471 |
| [safety and high immunogenicity for children 3 to 15 of a mono- and a divaccine from recombinant influenza a/brazil /11/78 (h1n1) and a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) viruses obtained from a special donor attenuation base--the cold-adapted virus a/leningrad/134/47/57 (h2n2)]. | the data on complete safety and high immunogenic potency of intranasal live influenza vaccine from the recombinant a/brazil/11/78 (h1n1) and a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) strains prepared with a special donor of attenuation, a cold-adapted a/leningrad/134/47/57 (h2n2) virus, have been obtained. the possibility of using a bivaccine from the recombinant strains constructed on the basis of a single donor of attenuation and inheriting from it most of the genes coding for nonglycosylated proteins was demonst ... | 1983 | 6670253 |
| [circulation of influenza a (h3n2) virus in the winter and spring of 1983 in moldavia]. | 1983 | 6676860 | |
| evolution of the nucleotide sequence of influenza virus rna segment 7 during drift of the h3n2 subtype. | the complete genetic information contained in the influenza virus rna segment 7 of the a/bangkok/1/79 (h3n2) strain has been cloned by in vitro synthesis of the complementary dsdna and its insertion into plasmid pbr322. the nucleotide sequence of the viral rna segment has been determined from the cdna insert. it is 1027 nucleotides long, and contains two open reading frames, as shown for other influenza virus strains. when compared with the previously published sequence for the a/udorn/72 (h3n2) ... | 1983 | 6688599 |
| effect of influenza a virus on leukocyte histamine release. | viral respiratory infections provoke asthma in many patients. in the following study we examined the effect of an in vitro incubation of influenza a on leukocyte histamine release. after incubation with a live influenza a (h3n2) virus, calcium ionophore a23187 (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 microgram/ml)-induced leukocyte histamine release (hr) was enhanced (p less than 0.05). this effect was also found with heat- or ether-inactivated virus. similarly, influenza a-exposed leukocytes had augmented leukocyte ... | 1983 | 6187791 |
| [correlations of the antigenic specificity of human blood with the levels of antihemagglutinins to influenza viruses]. | the results of the observations show that after active circulation of influenza a (h1n1), a (h3n2), and b viruses the degree of immune response (a rise in antihemagglutinin titres to the causative agent of an epidemic) differed significantly in subjects with different blood groups of the abo(h) system. after active circulation of influenza a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) viruses, rises in the antibody titres to the etiological factor of the epidemic was more marked in subjects with blood groups o and a than ... | 1983 | 6189297 |
| defective in vitro production of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes in ataxia-telangiectasia. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t) were studied for their capacity to proliferate and to generate influenza virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) after in vitro stimulation with influenza a/hong kong (a/hk (h3n2)) virus. pbmc from 11 patients proliferated poorly to a/hk and 10 of the 11 patients failed to exhibit significant ctl effector activity when tested on influenza a/hk virus-infected autologous target cells. in contrast, pbmc fr ... | 1983 | 6189897 |
| surveillance of influenza in houston, texas, usa: gradual transition from a/victoria/75 (h3n2) to a/texas/77 (h3n2) predominance and antigenic characterization of "intermediate" strains. | influenza epidemics in houston, texas, usa, during the winters of 1975-76, 1976-77, and 1977-78 were attributed to a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2), b/hong kong/5/72, and a/texas/1/77 (h3n2)-like viruses, respectively. both a/victoria and a/texas viruses were detected towards the end of the 1976-77 epidemic and throughout the 1977-78 epidemic. to determine if there had been a gradual transition in the predominant strain, 267 viral isolates from the 1975-76 epidemic were tested for a/texas virus. eight spe ... | 1983 | 6190585 |
| antigenic drift in influenza virus h3 hemagglutinin from 1968 to 1980: multiple evolutionary pathways and sequential amino acid changes at key antigenic sites. | surveys of the antigenic properties of a wide range of variants of the h3n2 (hong kong) influenza virus subtype have revealed complex patterns of variants cocirculating during each of the main epidemic eras of the subtype. we determined hemagglutinin (ha) gene sequences for 14 isolates chosen to give the wildest possible spread of variant types. the addition of these data to existing ha gene sequence information for other variants provides a comprehensive picture of ha gene evolution during anti ... | 1983 | 6193288 |
| mechanism of interferon action iii--significance of pppa2'p5'a2'p5'a in the antiviral action of interferon. | this paper is to evidence that the antiviral effect of pppa2'p5'a2'p5'a(2'-5'p3a3) could cover a wide spectrum of viruses, the rna viruses such as influenza h3n2/77, influenza h1n1/77, echo11, rhino, sendai, sindbis and vsv, and the dna viruses such as herpes (type i). in addition, the antiviral effect of 2'-5'p3a3 on echo11 virus, as compared with other viruses, is more efficient than that of ifn. it seems likely that 2'-5'p3a3 plays an important role in the antiviral action of ifn. after compa ... | 1983 | 6194560 |
| influence of interferon induction with influenza a virus upon the modification of anti-srbc humoral response. | the investigations carried out showed the dependence of immunosuppression induced by a/usrr/053/74(h3n2) virus upon the activity of its neuraminidase. high activity of this enzyme influenced interferon (ifn) induction which, in turn, reduced the primary humoral response to sheep red blood cells (srbc) or stimulated the production of igm and igg antibody producing cells. | 1983 | 6197038 |
| analysis by monoclonal antibodies of h3n2 subtype influenza a viruses in japan and southeast asia prior to 1983. | 1983 | 6197497 | |
| genetic recombination between temperature-sensitive and wild-type influenza a virus strains. | genetic cross was performed between a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of influenza virus a/wsn (h0n1) which carries a ts lesion in m gene, and a wild type a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2). twelve clones were isolated randomly from the mixed yield in the absence of any selective procedure and they were individually examined for their ts character. in addition, structural and non-structural polypeptides of an individual clone were analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) to identify from whi ... | 1983 | 6133427 |
| differentiation of influenza a virus nucleoproteins in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the serum antibody titre to the nucleoprotein (np) of the influenza virus recombinant mrc-11 was determined in virus strains a/ussa/5/80 (h3n2), a/hong kong/8/64 (h3n2), a/duck/ukraine/63 (hav7neq2) and in a recombinant strain between a/tern/frunse/334/78(hav4nav1) and a/pr/8/34(h0n1) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). significant differences between the np of these strains were found proving the usefulness for elisa for such investigations. | 1983 | 6133433 |
| the influence of ph and ionic strength on the single radial immunodiffusion test in qualitative assay of influenza virus haemagglutinin. | a significant dependence between different ionic strength and ph value of virus suspension on one hand and the haemagglutinin (ha) content as determined by single-radial-immunodiffusion (srd) test on the other hand was observed after cleavage of influenza virus recombinant nib-6 (h1n1) with sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (sls). in contrast, no such relationship was found when the ha of nib-4 (h3n2) recombinant strain was determined. | 1983 | 6139944 |
| high reproduction capacity of recombinants between h3n2 human influenza and fowl plague viruses is due to the gene coding for m proteins. | recombinants between h3n2 human influenza viruses (a/victoria/3/75 and a/bangkok/1/79, low-yielding parents in chick embryos) and fowl plague virus (fpv, a high-yielding parent in chick embryos) have been obtained. the high reproductive capacity of recombinants in chick embryos has been shown to be due to the gene coding for m proteins. | 1983 | 6139948 |
| role of genes 4 and 6 for the expression of some biological properties of influenza virus a/pr/8/34. | genetic composition and biological properties of influenza virus recombinants a/pr/8/34 (h1n1) and a/greifswald/6/74 (h3n2) were analysed. the haemagglutinin (ha) gene of the strain a/pr/8/34 was shown an important part of the gene complex determining the virulence for mice, the yield of ha and the plaque forming capacity. the exchange of the ha gene with that of an another strain led to a drastic reduction of these properties. on the other hand, the introduction of the ha gene of a/pr/8/34 stra ... | 1983 | 6140830 |
| k2-tartarate gradient centrifugation in the isolation of purified influenza virus haemagglutinin after bromelain cleavage. | a method of haemagglutinin (ha) purification by means of k2-tartarate gradient centrifugation is described. different influenza virus strains possessing the antigenic formulas h1n1, h2n2 and h3n2 yielded pure and immunologically active ha samples. | 1983 | 6140831 |
| blastogenic lymphocyte response as indicator of cell-mediated immunity in humans vaccinated with live and inactivated influenza vaccines. | the level and dynamics of lymphocyte blastogenesis in response to phytohaemagglutinin (pha) and to specific influenza virus antigen were studied in 3 groups of humans, vaccinated with live or inactivated whole virion influenza vaccines (h3n2 type) and placebo (control group). both live and inactivated influenza vaccines did not change significantly the functional activity of t lymphocytes as determined by the mean values of stimulation index (si). the analysis of individual values of pha-depende ... | 1983 | 6140837 |
| [effect of influenza epidemics on acute respiratory morbidity of noninfluenzal etiology]. | the use of correlation analysis has made it possible to reveal a high degree of influence exerted by influenza epidemics on morbidity rate in adenoviral, respiratory-syncytial, parainfluenza and mycoplasmic infections among the population. during the months of influenza epidemic considerable concomitant incidence of respiratory-syncytial, adenoviral and especially mixed infections was observed in all age groups in comparison with periods free from influenza epidemic. the study of concomitant mor ... | 1983 | 6308927 |
| zoonotic studies on influenza in pigs and birds, india, 1980-81. | five hundred and twenty pig sera collected from pune, maharashtra state, india during 1980 were examined in haemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests to determine the antibody prevalence to nine human influenza virus strains covering the subtypes a(hon1), a(h1n1), a(h2n2), a(h3n2), type b and one swine influenza virus strain a(hsw1n1). this study indicated considerable prevalence of antibodies to the four h3n2 strains isolated from 1973 onwards, particularly to the two recent h3n2 strains, limited ... | 1983 | 6315619 |
| antigenic characteristics and genome composition of a naturally occurring recombinant influenza virus isolated from a pig in japan. | we performed antigenic analysis of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase subunits of a recombinant virus (a/swine/kanagawa/2/78) isolated from a pig in japan in 1978, using a series of monoclonal antibodies to h1 (hsw1) haemagglutinin and n2 neuraminidases of h2n2 and h3n2 viruses. results obtained in haemagglutination inhibition tests with five monoclonal antibodies to the haemagglutinin of a/nj/8/76 (h1n1) revealed that the haemagglutinin of three h1n1 and the recombinant viruses were indisting ... | 1983 | 6198440 |
| comparative study and grouping of nonstructural (ns1) proteins of influenza a viruses by the method of oligopeptide mapping. | oligopeptide mapping of 35s-methionine labeled non-structural (ns1) proteins of 23 influenza. a virus strains showed the presence of both common and variable oligopeptides. analysis of the oligopeptide maps revealed at least four groups of ns1 proteins. the first group includes ns1 proteins of several human h1n1 influenza viruses (that were designated as h0n1 according to the old classification). the second group is composed of ns1 proteins of h1n1 and h2n2 viruses. the third group includes ns1 ... | 1983 | 6229233 |
| laboratory-based surveillance of influenza a(h1n1) and a(h3n2) viruses in 1980-81: antigenic and genomic analyses. | during 1981, the a/brazil/11/78-like strains of influenza virus that had been prevalent from 1978 to 1980 were displaced by a new set of heterogeneous, but closely related, variants (reference strain, a/england/333/80). genomic analysis revealed that these new variants were almost exclusively nonrecombinant h1n1 viruses, i.e., they contained no genes of h3n2 origin. however, a few recombinant viruses containing the new variant ha and genes of h3n2 origin were identified. antigenic analysis of h3 ... | 1983 | 6601537 |
| distribution of viral antigen with the lower respiratory tract of ferrets infected with a virulent influenza virus: production and release of virus from corresponding organ cultures. | using fluorescent antibody techniques, a semi-quantitative survey has been made of the distribution of influenza virus antigen in the trachea, main bronchi, and three zones (hilar, intermediate and alveolar) of all four lung lobes of ferrets following intranasal inoculation of a virulent clone (7a) of the recombinant influenza virus a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2). the results confirm the indications from our previous quantitative surveys of infectious virus and histological damage in these ar ... | 1983 | 6338151 |
| detection and identification of influenza virus antigens by nylon-coupled enzyme-linked immunoassay. | a direct solid-phase enzyme-linked immunoassay for rapid detection and typing of influenza virus was developed utilizing antibodies immobilized by covalent linkage to nylon beads. covalent linkage of antibody to nylon was accomplished by treatment of partially hydrolyzed nylon with glutaraldehyde. for comparison to conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), igg fractions were adsorbed to polystyrene beads. influenza type-specific immunoglobulins coupled to nylon beads were used in ... | 1983 | 6339533 |
| the use of a radial haemolysis test for neuraminidase antibodies in the diagnosis of influenza a infection. | a radial haemolysis test designed to detect antibody specifically directed against the neuraminidase is described and compared with currently available techniques for the routine diagnosis of infection with influenza viruses. paired sera were available from two outbreaks of influenza a, one with the n1n1 subtype and the other with the h3n2 subtype. this technique confirmed diagnosis in 92% of cases diagnosed by other laboratory methods. | 1983 | 6350441 |
| fine specificity of the in vitro antibody response to influenza virus by human blood lymphocytes. | the fine specificity of anti-influenza antibody produced in vitro by human pbm stimulated with different strains of influenza virus was examined by competition binding in solid phase enzyme immunoassay. most of the antibody produced in vitro is directed to strain-specific or cross-reactive determinants on the hemagglutinin molecule. the extent of cross-reactivity is dependent on the strain of virus used to stimulate pbm as well as the individual tested and presumably on his previous exposure to ... | 1983 | 6350452 |