| aerobic microorganisms associated with alfalfa leafcutter bees (megachile rotundata). | characterization of microorganisms associated with alfalfa leaf-cutter bee (megachile rotundata) nectar, pollen, provisions, larval guts, and frass (excreta) in alberta demonstrated a varied aerobic microflora. yeasts were isolated frequently from nectar, pollen, and provisions but rarely from guts or frass. the most prevalent yeast taxa were: candida bombicola, cryptococcus albidus, metschnikowia reukaufii, and rhodotorula glutinis. although few filamentous fungi were found in nectar, they were ... | 1993 | 24190009 |
| immunological consequences of intestinal fungal dysbiosis. | compared to bacteria, the role of fungi within the intestinal microbiota is poorly understood. in this study we investigated whether the presence of a "healthy" fungal community in the gut is important for modulating immune function. prolonged oral treatment of mice with antifungal drugs resulted in increased disease severity in acute and chronic models of colitis, and also exacerbated the development of allergic airway disease. microbiota profiling revealed restructuring of fungal and bacterial ... | 2016 | 27237365 |
| assessment of allergenicity to fungal allergens of rohtak city, haryana, india. | fungal spores are known as one of the important bioparticles causing allergic manifestation in human beings. hence, knowledge of season and prevalence of the airborne allergens to which the patients are exposed is a prerequisite for proper diagnosis and treatment of allergic disorders in hypersensitive individuals. keeping this in view, aerial survey was performed in the atmosphere of rohtak city for 2 consecutive years (march 2008-february 2010), using a volumetric petri plate sampler. a total ... | 2014 | 24988378 |
| epicoccum nigrum and cladosporium sp. for the treatment of oily effluent in an air-lift reactor. | the metalworking industry is responsible for one of the most complex and difficult to handle oily effluents. these effluents consist of cutting fluids, which provide refrigeration and purification of metallic pieces in the machining system. when these effluents are biologically treated, is important to do this with autochthonous microorganisms; the use of these microorganisms (bioaugmentation) tends to be more efficient because they are already adapted to the existing pollutants. for this purpos ... | 2013 | 24294260 |
| production and chemical characterization of pigments in filamentous fungi. | production of pigments by filamentous fungi is gaining interest owing to their use as food colourants, in cosmetics and textiles, and because of the important biological activities of these compounds. in this context, the objectives of this study were to select pigment-producing fungi, identify these fungi based on internal transcribed spacer sequences, evaluate the growth and pigment production of the selected strains on four different media, and characterize the major coloured metabolites in t ... | 2016 | 26341482 |
| incidence and severity of leaf and fruit diseases of plums in latvia. | in the present study six plum orchards in latvia were examined during 2014. one orchard was commercial with integrated pest management (ipm) practices, one was with organic management, two orchards were scientific collections and in two orchards plums were grown as a minor crop, using ipm practices. the shot-hole disease (wilsonomyces carpophilus) and fruit rot were monitored in the field. samples of twigs and leaves were taken for further examination if some other disease symptoms were observed ... | 2015 | 27141740 |
| plant-pathogenic fungi in seeds of different pea cultivars in poland. | legume crops are exposed to infection by fungal pathogens, which often results in contamination with mycotoxins. the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of field resistance/susceptibility of edible and fodder pea cultivars to the colonization of seeds by fungal pathogens in two subsequent seasons, as well as to identify the pathogens present in the seeds of the tested cultivars. alternaria spp. were the most common fungi isolated from pea seeds in both seasons, followed by fusarium spp., ... | 2014 | 25205690 |
| spatial and temporal variation in fungal endophyte communities isolated from cultivated cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | studies of fungi in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivated in the united states have largely focused on monitoring and controlling plant pathogens. given increasing interest in asymptomatic fungal endophytes as potential biological control agents, surveys are needed to better characterize their diversity, distribution patterns and possible applications in integrated pest management. we sampled multiple varieties of cotton in texas, usa and tested for temporal and spatial variation in fung ... | 2013 | 23776604 |
| essential oil composition, antioxidant and antifungal activities of salvia sclarea l. from munzur valley in tunceli, turkey. | the essential oil composition and in vitro antioxidant and antifungal activity of the salvia sclarea l. from munzur valley in tunceli, turkey were evaluated in this research. the in vitro antifungal activity of ethanol, hexane and aqueous extracts of s. sclarea against pathogen fungi epicoccum nigrum and colletotrichum coccodes were investigated. the essential oil of aerial parts of s. sclarea was obtained by hydrodistillation and was analysed by gc and gc—ms. total antioxidant status was determ ... | 2014 | 24929006 |
| biosynthetic studies on acetosellin and structure elucidation of a new acetosellin derivative. | natural products from fungi, especially ascomycota, play a major role in therapy and drug discovery. fungal strains originating from marine habitats offer a new avenue for finding unusual molecular skeletons. here, the marine-derived fungus epicoccum nigrum (strain 749) was found to produce the azaphilonoid compounds acetosellin and 5',6'-dihydroxyacetosellin. the latter is a new natural product. the biosynthesis of these polyketide-type compounds is intriguing, since two polyketide chains are a ... | 2017 | 28081580 |
| investigation of the microbial communities colonizing prepainted steel used for roofing and walling. | microbial colonization of prepainted steel, commonly used in roofing applications, impacts their aesthetics, durability, and functionality. understanding the relevant organisms and the mechanisms by which colonization occurs would provide valuable information that can be subsequently used to design fouling prevention strategies. here, next-generation sequencing and microbial community finger printing (t-rflp) were used to study the community composition of microbes colonizing prepainted steel ro ... | 2016 | 27998037 |
| environmental stress and elicitors enhance taxol production by endophytic strains of paraconiothyrium variabile and epicoccum nigrum. | this study examined the effect of different elicitors (seven, different concentrations) and environmental factors (water activity (aw), ph) on taxol production by strains of two endophytic fungi, paraconiothyrium variabile and epicoccum nigrum, isolated from temperate yew trees. a defined liquid broth medium was modified with elicitors, solute aw depressors at different ph values. for p. variabile, the best elicitor was salicylic acid at 50mg/l which gave a taxol yield of 14.7±4.8μg/l. the study ... | 2016 | 27241294 |
| isolation, identification, and ecology of growth and taxol production by an endophytic strain of paraconiothyrium variabile from english yew trees (taxus baccata). | endophytic fungi were isolated/screened from temperate taxus baccata (yew) for production of the anti-cancer drug taxol. of 242 endophytic fungi isolated from surface-sterilised yew tree twig segments, only two produced taxol in a defined liquid medium; confirmed by hplc and lc-ms/ms analyses. they were identified by molecular means by sequencing of its1/its2 regions and shown to be paraconiothyrium variabile and epicoccum nigrum. they produced 1.75 and 1.32 μgl(-1) taxol respectively in a defin ... | 2015 | 26466877 |
| protein kinase and hdac inhibitors from the endophytic fungus epicoccum nigrum. | a chemical investigation of the endophytic fungus epicoccum nigrum isolated from leaves of mentha suaveolens collected in morocco resulted in the isolation of five new polyketides, epicocconigrones a and b (1 and 2), 3-methoxyepicoccone b (3), 3-methoxyepicoccone (4), and 2,3,4-trihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)-5-methylbenzaldehyde (5), together with five known compounds (6-10). the structures of the new compounds were unambiguously determined by extensive analysis of the 1d and 2d nmr and mass spect ... | 2014 | 24328302 |
| highly selective and asymmetric reductive biotransformation of α-ionone by epicoccum purpurascens. | the biotransformation of terpenoid c13 norisoprenoid (±)-α-ionone (1) using the plant pathogenic fungus epicoccum purpurascens as a biocatalyst was investigated for the production of useful novel organic compounds. there are no reported biotransformations using e. purpurascens. the biotransformation of compound 1 via reduction of the c-9 ketone position yielded α-ionol (2) as the major metabolic product. reduction of the racemic α-ionone [(-)-(6s)- and (+)-(6r)-] resulted in the exclusive format ... | 2013 | 23535310 |
| biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by the endophytic fungus epicoccum nigrum and their activity against pathogenic fungi. | there is an enormous interest in developing safe, cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies for nano-materials synthesis. in the present study, extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by epicoccum nigrum, an endophytic fungus isolated from the cambium of phellodendron amurense. the reduction of the silver ions was monitored by uv-visible spectrophotometry, and the characterization of the ag nps was carried out by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron ... | 2013 | 23463299 |
| a brief review of other notable protein detection methods on acrylamide gels. | several methods have been described to stain proteins analyzed on acrylamide gels. these include ultrasensitive protein detection in one-dimensional and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis using a fluorescent product from the fungus epicoccum nigrum; a fluorescence-based coomassie blue protein staining; visualization of proteins in acrylamide gels using ultraviolet illumination; fluorescence visualization of proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels using environmentally benign, non ... | 2012 | 22585527 |
| potential of epicoccum purpurascens strain 5615 aumc as a biocontrol agent of pythium irregulare root rot in three leguminous plants. | epicoccum purpurascens stain 5615 aumc was investigated for its biocontrol activity against root rot disease caused by pythium irregulare. e. purpurascens greenhouse pathogenicity tests using three leguminous plants indicated that the fungus was nonpathogenic under the test conditions. the germination rate of the three species of legume seeds treated with a e. purpurascens homogenate increased significantly compared with the seeds infested with p. irregulare. no root rot symptoms were observed o ... | 2010 | 23956668 |
| Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species. | Epicoccum nigrum Link (syn. E. purpurascens Ehrenb. ex Schlecht) is a saprophytic ascomycete distributed worldwide which colonizes a myriad of substrates. This fungus has been known as a biological control agent for plant pathogens and produces a variety of secondary metabolites with important biological activities as well as biotechnological application. E. nigrum produces darkly pigmented muriform conidia on short conidiophores on sporodochia and is a genotypically and phenotypically highly va ... | 2011 | 21853017 |
| epicoccum nigrum for biocontrol agents in vitro of plant fungal pathogens. | epicoccum nigrum strains were evaluated in vitro as potential biological agents for control of the growth of fusarium avenaceum, f. graminearum, f. oxysporum and botrytis cinerea. individual biotic effects of five strains of e. nigrum on the various fungi were determined using the biotic series method elaborated for fungi, on potato dextrose agar (pda - difco) medium. our results show that e. nigrum strains limited the growth of all isolates of fusarium spp., but not of those of botrytis cinerea ... | 2011 | 22702188 |
| endophytic fungi from vitis labrusca l. ('niagara rosada') and its potential for the biological control of fusarium oxysporum. | we investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi found on grape (vitis labrusca cv. niagara rosada) leaves collected from salesópolis, sp, brazil. the fungi were isolated and characterized by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis, followed by sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 rdna. in addition, the ability of these endophytic fungi to inhibit the grapevine pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp herbemontis was determined in vitro. we also observed that the climatic factors, such as temperature ... | 2012 | 23315803 |