| comparative digestibility of amino acids of maize, sorghum, finger millet and pearl millet in cockerels and japanese quails. | 1. the objective of the present study was to determine the apparent digestibilities of amino acids of maize, low tannin sorghum, pearl millet and finger millet in adult cockerels and japanese quails. 2. adult white leghorn cockerels (25 weeks of age) and adult japanese quails (15 weeks of age) were used to determine the apparent digestibilities of amino acids in cereal grains. 3. the digestibilities of amino acids in sorghum determined with quails were similar to cockerels, with the exception of ... | 2008 | 18409091 |
| detoxification and oxidative stress responses along with microcystins accumulation in japanese quail exposed to cyanobacterial biomass. | the cyanobacterial exposure has been implicated in mass mortalities of wild birds, but information on the actual effects of cyanobacteria on birds in controlled studies is missing. effects on detoxification and antioxidant parameters as well as bioaccumulation of microcystins (mcs) were studied in birds after sub-lethal exposure to natural cyanobacterial biomass. four treatment groups of model species japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were exposed to controlled doses of cyanobacterial ... | 2008 | 18423819 |
| developmental patterning deciphered in avian chimeras. | i started my scientific carer by investigating the development of the digestive tract in the laboratory of a well-known embryologist, etienne wolff, then professor at the collège de france. my animal model was the chick embryo. the investigations that i pursued on liver development together with serendipity, led me to devise a cell-marking technique based on the construction of chimeric embryos between two closely related species of birds, the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the ... | 2008 | 18430163 |
| rapid action on neuroplasticity precedes behavioral activation by testosterone. | testosterone has been shown to increase the volume of steroid-sensitive brain nuclei in adulthood in several vertebrate species. in male japanese quail the volume of the male-biased sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (pom), a key brain area for the control of male sexual behavior, is markedly increased by testosterone. previous studies assessed this effect after a period of 8-14 days but the exact time course of these effects is unknown. we asked here whether testosterone-dependent pom p ... | 2008 | 18452920 |
| estradiol, a key endocrine signal in the sexual differentiation and activation of reproductive behavior in quail. | in japanese quail, estrogen's effects on sexual behavior can be divided into three classes based on the underlying mechanisms and time-course of action and release. during embryonic life, the embryonic ovary secretes large amounts of estrogens. in contrast to what is observed in mammals where sexual differentiation essentially proceeds via masculinization of the males, in quail, females are demasculinized by their endogenous ovarian estrogens, an effect that can be blocked by injection of an aro ... | 2009 | 18481266 |
| a serological survey of chickens, japanese quail, pigeons, ducks and crows for antibodies to chicken anaemia virus (cav) in japan. | the chicken has been considered as the natural host for chicken anaemia virus (cav). to examine the prevalence of cav in domestic and wild birds in japan, we analyzed serum samples collected from 211 chickens, 168 japanese quail, 105 pigeons, 113 ducks and 116 crows for the presence of antibodies to cav by a micro-scale virus neutralization (vn) test. nine of the 13 chicken flocks (69.2%) were found to be positive for vn antibodies to cav. of the 211 individual chicken serum samples, 127 (60.2%) ... | 1998 | 18484006 |
| individual and combined effects of fumonisin b1 and moniliformin on clinicopathological and cell-mediated immune response in japanese quail. | a total of 390 one-day-old quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into 4 groups (3 replicates per treatment), viz. cx, fx, mx, and fm, containing 75, 105, 105, and 105 birds, respectively. birds in the control group (cx) were fed quail mash alone, whereas birds in group fx were fed 200 ppm of fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) from fusarium verticillioides culture material; group mx was fed 100 ppm of moniliformin (m) from fusarium fujikuroi culture material; and group fm was fed a combinati ... | 2008 | 18492990 |
| incorporation of zp1 into perivitelline membrane after in vivo treatment with exogenous zp1 in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in birds, the egg envelope surrounding the oocyte prior to ovulation is called the perivitelline membrane and it plays important roles in fertilization. in a previous study we demonstrated that one of the components of the perivitelline membrane, zp3, which is secreted from the ovarian granulosa cells, specifically interacts with zp1, another constituent that is synthesized in the liver of japanese quail. in the present study, we investigated whether zp1 injected exogenously into the blood posse ... | 2008 | 18537820 |
| immunohistochemical studies on the splenic lobe of the pancreas in young japanese quails (coturnix c. japonica). | the splenic lobe (lobus splenicus) of the pancreas of young meat-type quails (coturnix c. japonica) was examined by immunohistochemical and light microscopic methods. the endocrine cells are mainly grouped as alpha, beta and mixed islets. a large region consisting of alpha cells is located in the central region of the splenic lobe whereas numerous beta islets are detected in the periphery of the splenic lobe. alpha islets are in the majority composed of toluidine blue positive a cells and a few ... | 2008 | 18547019 |
| immunohistochemistry of the cytoskeleton in the excurrent ducts of the testis in birds of the galloanserae monophyly. | the presence, location and degree of immunoexpression of various microfilament (mf) and intermediate filament (if) systems (actin, cytokeratins, desmin, vimentin) were studied in the excurrent ducts of the testis in sexually mature and active galliform (japanese quail, domestic fowl, turkey) and anseriform (duck) birds. these proteins were variably expressed between the epithelia and periductal tissue (periductal smooth muscle cell layer and interductal connective tissue) types and between speci ... | 2008 | 18563450 |
| toxicological effects of diclofenac in four avian species. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of diclofenac in different avian species including broiler chicks (gallus gallus, 15 days old), pigeons (columba livia, 3 months old), japanese quail (coturnix japonica, 4 weeks old) and mynah (acridotheres tristis, independent young). for each species, five groups each containing 10 birds were maintained and administered diclofenac sodium orally at dose rates of 0, 0.25, 2.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respe ... | 2008 | 18568659 |
| habituation to humans affects yolk steroid levels and offspring phenotype in quail. | in the field as well as in the laboratory, human-generated stress responses are reduced in adult animals previously habituated to humans in comparison to non-habituated individuals. in birds, yolk steroid levels vary with maternal environment and condition. we tested the hypothesis that the experience of female birds with humans could affect yolk steroids levels and offspring phenotype. two groups of japanese quail, one habituated to humans (h) and a second non-habituated (nh), were exposed dail ... | 2008 | 18572170 |
| detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in experimentally infected japanese quail embryos and archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumours. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) infection can result in immunosuppression, a runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticulum cell neoplasia, or t-cell and/or b-cell lymphomas, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. histopathological changes in rev infection are not sufficient to differentiate it from avian lymphoid leukosis and marek's disease, and currently there are no available in situ diagnostic methods for detection of active rev presence in pathologic specimens. to develop immunohist ... | 2008 | 18622864 |
| gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone receptor expression in the chicken pituitary gland: potential influence of sexual maturation and ovarian steroids. | gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (gnih), a hypothalamic rfamide, has been found to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland originally in birds and, subsequently, in mammalian species. the gene encoding a transmembrane receptor for gnih (gnihr) was recently identified in the brain, pituitary gland and gonads of song bird, chicken and japanese quail. the objectives of the present study are to characterise the expression of gnihr mrna and protein in the chicken pituitary g ... | 2008 | 18638025 |
| staphylococcal dermatitis in quail with a parakeratotic hyperkeratotic dermatosis suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. | this report describes an outbreak of staphylococcal dermatitis which occurred in commercial japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with a history and clinico-pathological evidence suggestive of pantothenic acid deficiency. the flock had a low hatchability rate (40 to 43%) and a high percentage (50%) of dead-in-shell embryos. approximately 5 to 15% of the grower flock developed crusty facial scabs and conjunctivitis from 4 days of age. culture of eyelid skin yielded pure growths of non-haemo ... | 1995 | 18645814 |
| isolation of marek's disease virus from japanese quail with lymphoproliferative disease. | sixty-one japanese quail from eight flocks with problems of recurring outbreaks of lymphoproliferative diseases resembling marek's disease (md), were examined aetiologically. gross lymphomatous lesions were seen in 17 of the quail and 11 out of 56 quail had md virus (mdv) feather tips antigens. mdv antibody was detectable in only one of 22 quail. none of 9 quail had antibodies against reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). no mdv was isolated from the total 42 materials of quail using cell culture t ... | 1990 | 18679919 |
| effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the suppression of adrenocortical function in immature male rats. | in previous studies, we found that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (4-nitro-m-cresol; pnmc) isolated from diesel exhaust particles, and also a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, exhibited testicular toxicity in the male of both immature rat and adult japanese quail. it is well established that a functional relationship exists between the gonads and adrenals. the present study investigates the effect of pnmc on the adrenocortical functions of immature male rats. we subcutaneously injecte ... | 2007 | 18057729 |
| effects of supplemental vitamin e in diet of japanese quail on male reproduction, fertility and hatchability. | 1. two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of feeding higher supplemental vitamin e (ve) concentrations on male reproductive variables, fertility and hatchability of quails. 2. in experiment 1, sixty 5-week-old male quails, reared in individual cages, were fed male breeder diets supplemented with 0, 75, 150, 225 or 300 iu alpha-tocopherol acetate/kg. at 10 weeks, observations on cloacal gland size, foam production, testes weight and blood samples for testosterone estimation were tak ... | 2007 | 17364548 |
| renal damage induced by uranyl nitrate and oestradiol-17beta in japanese quail and wistar rats. | morphological alterations occurred in the kidneys of japanese quail and wistar rats 18 h after giving uranyl nitrate solution i.v. dosages of 50 micromol u/kg body weight produced more extensive and more severe damage than did 0.15 micromol u/kg. degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium was prominent in the proximal tubules in rats and in the distal tubules in quail. less extensive damage occurred in glomeruli and collecting ducts. protein deposits were seen in the kidneys of both rats an ... | 1991 | 18679996 |
| comparative studies on pathogenical, virological and serological properties of marek's disease virus isolated from japanese quail and chicken. | the qm-1 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) isolated from japanese quail (jq) induced higher mortality (96%) with md lesions in quail than the jm strain of mdv isolated from chickens (c) (21%). in contrast both viruses induced md in 90% of chickens. pathological changes produced in quail inoculated with jq-mdv or c-mdv were similar. however, the incidence of tumour lesions in the duodenum of quail inoculated with jq-mdv was significantly higher. neither virus induced tumour lesions in the duo ... | 1991 | 18679999 |
| [physiologically active argon-based gas mixtures as a means of creating fire-safe gaseous environments in pressurized modules of varying purpose]. | development of acute hypoxic hypoxia in consequence of fire in various pressurized modules was studied. the investigation was aimed to look into the effects of inert argon and dramatic oxygen reduction in gaseous environment on animals (wistar rats, mice c57bl/6, balb/c and f1cbaxbalb/c hybrids, japanese quail embryos) and microorganism (escherichia coli strains k-12 jf 238 and k-12 jm 83). also, inflammability of some widely used materials was assessed in order to provide inputs to developers o ... | 2008 | 18714727 |
| mycoplasma species isolated from six avian species. | mycoplasmas were isolated from chickens, chicken embryos, turkeys, ducks, geese, pigeons and japanese quail and their embryos. altogether 792 birds and embryos were examined and 411 of them (52%) were infected with mycoplasmas. isolates were identified by indirect immunofluorescence using monospecific rabbit antisera against 16 recognised species of avian mycoplasma (am) and two species of acholeplasma. in all 633 strains of mycoplasma were detected and most of these belonged to recognised am sp ... | 1987 | 18766652 |
| the expression of marek's disease tumour-associated surface antigen in various avian species. | marek's disease tumour-associated surface antigen (matsa) was detected on lymphoid cells from chickens infected with marek's disease virus (mdv) or the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), from a chicken-quail hybrid infected with mdv, and from turkeys infected with the ga strain of mdv, but not on cells from turkeys infected with hvt or the hprs-16 strain of mdv or from mdv-infected japanese quails or bobwhite quails, despite the presence of lymphomas in some japanese quails. two complementary explana ... | 1984 | 18766850 |
| development of a new vaccine against turkey meningo-encephalitis using a virus passaged through the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | turkey meningo-encephalitis virus could be adapted to the japanese quail by intra-cerebral inoculation. after 4 passages the virus was found to be less pathogenic for the turkey. further attenuation could be achieved by growing the virus in japanese quail kidney cell cultures for 11 passages. this attenuated virus was used for the preparation of a live vaccine against turkey meningo-encephalitis. the safety and efficacy of the vaccine was shown in laboratory and field experiments. | 1975 | 18777300 |
| absence of donor-derived zona pellucida protein c homolog in the inner perivitelline layer of peking duck (anas platyrhynchos)-japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chimeras (duails). | avian blastodermal cells at stage x are used to produce interspecies chimeras for heterogenous poultry reproduction. however, recipient-derived inner perivitelline layer (ipvl)-enclosed donor-derived ova may affect the efficiency of germline transmission via chimera. among the proteins in the ipvl, zona pellucida protein c (zpc) plays an important role in sperm-egg binding and inducing the acrosome reaction. in the present study, peking duck blastodermal cells at stage x were transferred into su ... | 2008 | 18809869 |
| embryonic and posthatching treatments with sex steroids demasculinize the motivational aspects of crowing behavior in male japanese quail. | demasculinizing action of embryonic estrogen on crowing behavior in male japanese quails was examined. eggs were treated with either 20 microg of estradiol benzoate (eb) or vehicle on the 10th day of incubation. chicks hatched from both groups of eggs were injected daily with either testosterone propionate (tp; 10 microg/g b.w.), 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht, a non-aromatizable androgen; 10 microg/g b.w.), or vehicle from 11 to 50 days after hatching, and during this period their calling beha ... | 2009 | 18848946 |
| retinal carotenoids can attenuate formation of a2e in the retinal pigment epithelium. | a2e, an important constituent of lipofuscin in human retinal pigment epithelium (rpe), is thought to mediate light-induced oxidative damage associated with aging and other ocular disorders. ocular carotenoids in overlying retinal tissues were measured by hplc and mass spectrometry and were correlated with levels of rpe a2e. we observed a statistically significant increase in total a2e levels in human rpe/choroid with age, and a2e levels in macular regions were approximately 1/3 lower than in per ... | 2009 | 18926795 |
| key amino acids in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor predict dioxin sensitivity in avian species. | dioxin-like compounds are toxic to most vertebrates, but significant differences in sensitivity exist among species. a recent study suggests that the amino acid residues corresponding to ile324 and ser380 in the chicken aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 (ahr1) are important determinants of differential biochemical responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) in chickens and common terns. here, we investigate whether the identity of these amino acid residues can predict embryonic sensitivity ... | 2008 | 18939598 |
| using mean infectious dose of high- and low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses originating from wild duck and poultry as one measure of infectivity and adaptation to poultry. | the mean infectious doses of selected avian influenza virus (aiv) isolates, determined in domestic poultry under experimental conditions, were shown to be both host-dependent and virus strain-dependent and could be considered one measure of the infectivity and adaptation to a specific host. as such, the mean infectious dose could serve as a quantitative predictor for which strains of aiv, given the right conditions, would be more likely transmitted to and maintained in a given species or subsequ ... | 2008 | 18939635 |
| effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying quails. | this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried baker's yeast on laying performance, egg traits and some blood parameters of quails. in the experiment a total of 342 japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged ten weeks were equally divided into six groups of 57 (three replicates of 19 quails each). six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%) of dried baker's yeast were included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. the experimental period lasted 14 weeks. at the end of the ... | 2009 | 19052896 |
| chemoprevention of fibroid tumors by [-]-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in quail. | spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and fibroid tumors in the laying hen are similar to human fibroid tumors with respect to estrogen and progesterone receptors. this makes the quail a good animal model for screening potential agents for that aid in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. we have previously reported a decreased incidence of leiomyomas in the oviduct of japanese quail with antioxidant supplementati ... | 2008 | 19083394 |
| identification of the photoperiodic signaling pathway regulating seasonal reproduction using the functional genomics approach. | animals measure photoperiod (daylength) and adapt to seasonal changes in the environment by altering their physiology and behavior accordingly. although this photoperiodic response has long been of interest, the underlying mechanism has only recently begun to be uncovered at the molecular level. japanese quail provide an excellent model to study the molecular mechanism underlying the vertebrate photoperiodic response. the recent sequencing of the chicken genome allowed a system-level analysis of ... | 2009 | 19084017 |
| calcium transport in strongly calcifying laying birds: mechanisms and regulation. | birds that lay long clutches (series of eggs laid sequentially before a "pause day"), among them the high-producing, strongly-calcifying gallus gallus domesticus (domestic hen) and coturnix coturnix japonica (japanese quail), transfer about 10% of their total body calcium daily. they appear, therefore, to be the most efficient calcium-transporters among vertebrates. such intensive transport imposes severe demands on ionic calcium (ca2+) homeostasis, and activates at least two extremely effective ... | 2009 | 19118637 |
| influence of avian reproduction ecotoxicological endpoints in the assessment of plant protection products. | the aim of this paper is to examine the statistical relevance of bird species on the endpoints of avian long-term toxicity studies (eggs laid, eggs set, eggs hatching, embryo survivor, 14-day old survivors and eggshell thickness). data from 561 animals of three different species (colinus virginianus, anas platyrynchos and coturnix coturnix japonica) tested with five different pesticides were analyzed in this study. the substances considered were: thiamethoxam (ez-3-(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-ylmeth ... | 2009 | 19130368 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | slc11a1 is one of the most potent candidate genes conferring host's genetic resistance/susceptibility to various antigenically different intracellular pathogens. in this manuscript, we report the cloning and characterization of the complete coding sequence of slc11a1 cdna in japanese quail. the 1680bp of cloned slc11a1 cdna consisted of an open reading frame of 1665bp which coded for a complete protein of 555 amino acid residues. at nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels, japanese quail slc11 ... | 2009 | 19150134 |
| transmission of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus of subtype h6n2 from chickens to pekin ducks and japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in this experiment we evaluated the transmission characteristics of a chicken-adapted low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (lpaiv) of subtype h6n2, from infected chickens to japanese quail and pekin ducks, which are commonly sold in live bird markets located in southern california. the layout of the cages and bird-handling practices were similar to those found in southern california live bird markets. five out of 20 chickens were inoculated with lpaiv h6n2, and placed in direct contact with f ... | 2009 | 19156581 |
| association energetics of cross-reactive and specific antibodies. | hyhel-8, hyhel-10, and hyhel-26 (hh8, hh10, and hh26, respectively) are murine monoclonal igg(1) antibodies which share over 90% variable-region amino acid sequence identity and recognize identical structurally characterized epitopes on hen egg white lysozyme (hel). previous immunochemical and surface plasmon resonance-based studies have shown that these antibodies differ widely in their tolerance of mutations in the epitope. while hh8 is the most cross-reactive, hh26 is rigidified by a more ext ... | 2009 | 19166328 |
| methamphetamine impairs sexual motivation but not sexual performance in male japanese quail. | the present study investigated the effects of chronic pre-exposure to methamphetamine on sexual motivation and performance in male japanese quail. quail were pre-exposed to methamphetamine (1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg ip) or saline (ip) once daily for 10 days and locomotor activity was measured. after a 10 day washout period, sexual motivation was measured in a straight-arm runway with visual access to a female at one end. three to 5 hr after sexual motivation tests, males were allowed to copulate with a r ... | 2009 | 19186930 |
| reproductive responses and nitric oxide activity in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, are altered by specific phase relationships of neural (serotonergic and dopaminergic) oscillations and pineal function. | the present study investigates the effects of temporal synergism of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-htp) and l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) and pineal function (pinealectomy and melatonin administration) on gonadal response and nitric oxide (no) activity in japanese quail. three-week-old male quails were divided into 9 groups, as follows: (i) control (treated with normal saline); (ii) 8-h and (iii) 12-h (receiving l-dopa after the administration of 5-htp [5mg/100g body weight] at the interval of 8 and ... | 2009 | 19261427 |
| parthenogenesis in unfertilized eggs of coturnix chinensis, the chinese painted quail, and the effect of egg clutch position on embryonic development. | parthenogenesis, embryonic development of an unfertilized egg, was studied for many years in turkeys. in fact, as many as 49% of unfertilized beltsville small white turkey eggs develop embryos. however, no research exists on parthenogenesis in quail. the chinese painted quail is a close relative of the more common japanese quail and, unlike turkeys or chickens, the small chinese painted quail reaches sexual maturity rapidly, making it a great candidate for further research on parthenogenesis. ob ... | 2009 | 19276421 |
| perchlorate exposure induces hypothyroidism and affects thyroid-responsive genes in liver but not brain of quail chicks. | ground-dwelling birds in perchlorate-contaminated areas are exposed to perchlorate ion, a known thyroid disruptor, and might be vulnerable to the developmental effects of perchlorate-induced hypothyroidism. we hypothesized that perchlorate-induced hypothyroidism would alter the expression of thyroid-responsive genes involved in thyroid hormone (th) regulation and in the development of target organ function. japanese quail chicks were exposed to 2000 mg/l ammonium perchlorate in drinking water fo ... | 2009 | 19308637 |
| species differences in the relative densities of d1- and d2-like dopamine receptor subtypes in the japanese quail and rats: an in vitro quantitative receptor autoradiography study. | evidence has accumulated that the regulation of male sexual behavior by dopamine might not be the same in japanese quail (and perhaps all birds) as it is in mammals. for example, the non-selective dopamine receptor agonist, apomorphine (apo), facilitates male sexual behavior in rats but inhibits it in quail. although the general organization of the dopamine system is similar in birds and mammals, it is possible that the relative distribution and/or density of binding sites are different. we ther ... | 2009 | 19321949 |
| dynamics of crowing development in the domestic japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | species-specific behaviours gradually emerge, via incomplete patterns, to the final complete adult form. a classical example is birdsong, a learned behaviour ideally suited for studying the neural and molecular substrates of vocal learning. young songbirds gradually transform primitive unstructured vocalizations (subsong, akin to human babbling) into complex, stereotyped sequences of syllables that constitute adult song. in comparison with birdsong, territorial and mating calls of vocal non-lear ... | 2009 | 19324760 |
| use of water-based foam to depopulate ducks and other species. | current control strategies for avian influenza virus, exotic newcastle disease, and other highly virulent poultry diseases often include surveillance, quarantine, depopulation, disposal, and disinfection. on-farm depopulation and disposal methods reduce potential movement of virus and improve biosecurity. water-based foam depopulation was developed as a potential alternative mass emergency poultry depopulation procedure. the use of water-based foam is conditionally approved by the usda animal an ... | 2009 | 19359675 |
| behavior differentiation between wild japanese quail, domestic quail, and their first filial generation. | the number of wild quail has dramatically reduced in china and reached a state of endangerment with the deterioration of the environment in recent years. in this study, we examined the ecological behaviors of quails in the cage to determine the differentiation level between wild japanese quail and domestic quail, to detect the relationship between quail behavior and evolutionary differentiation and to analyze the possibility of restoring effective size of wild population. with the on-the-spot ob ... | 2009 | 19439621 |
| serum chemistry reference values in adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) including sex-related differences. | serum chemistry reference values may provide useful information about the physical condition of individuals, making them a useful tool in differentiating normal and healthy animals from abnormal or diseased states. for japanese quail that are used for producing eggs and meat for human consumption and also as laboratory animals, we aimed to extend the available array of reference values and to compare 16-wk-old adult male versus female birds. in the present study, clinical chemistry data (albumin ... | 2009 | 19439629 |
| developmental origins of species-specific muscle pattern. | vertebrate jaw muscle anatomy is conspicuously diverse but developmental processes that generate such variation remain relatively obscure. to identify mechanisms that produce species-specific jaw muscle pattern we conducted transplant experiments using japanese quail and white pekin duck, which exhibit considerably different jaw morphologies in association with their particular modes of feeding. previous work indicates that cranial muscle formation requires interactions with adjacent skeletal an ... | 2009 | 19450573 |
| effects of xenoestrogens on the differentiation of behaviorally relevant neural circuits in higher vertebrates. | several environmental chemicals have the capability of impacting endocrine function (endocrine disrupting chemicals [edcs]), and therefore they may have long-term consequences, especially if exposure occurs during embryonic development. in this study we present data relative to two widely used animal models: the japanese quail and the mouse. these two species have been used to understand neural, neuroendocrine, and behavioral components of reproduction and are optimal models to understand how th ... | 2009 | 19456348 |
| plumage colour mutations and melanins in the feathers of the japanese quail: a first comparison. | the absorbance of melanin content from dorsal feathers was compared between wild-type japanese quail and nine other quail plumage colours determined by single mutations in one of seven genes: extended brown (mc1r), yellow (asip), silver (mitf), lavender (mlph), roux (tyrp1), imperfect albinism (slc45a2) and rusty. as compared with wild-type quail, all mutations but extended brown decreased total melanins. the largest decrease was observed in quail with one of the dilution mutations at tyrp1, mlp ... | 2009 | 19496774 |
| effects of estrogens on sex differentiation in japanese quail and chicken. | estrogen production by the female avian embryo induces development of a female phenotype of the reproductive organs whereas the low estrogen concentration in the male embryo results in a male phenotype. treatment of female embryos with exogenous estrogens disrupts müllerian duct development resulting in malformations and impaired oviductal function. exposure of male embryos to estrogens results in ovotestis formation and persisting müllerian ducts in the embryos and testicular malformations, red ... | 2009 | 19523394 |
| effects of dietary taurine supplementation on growth performance and immune status in growing japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the effect of dietary taurine was investigated on performance and immune responses in growing (1 to 42 d) japanese quail. one-day-old quails of both sexes (300) were randomly allotted to 12 groups with 25 quails in each group (3 dietary treatments, 4 replicates). they were fed with maize-soybean meal-based diets containing 0, 0.01, or 0.05% taurine for 42 d. dietary 0.01% taurine decreased food intake (p < 0.05) in the starter phase but did not affect bw gain and feed efficiency from d 1 to 42 o ... | 2009 | 19531709 |
| characterization of critical factors influencing gene expression of two types of fatty acid-binding proteins (l-fabp and lb-fabp) in the liver of birds. | in avian species, two types of intracellular lipid-binding proteins are abundant in the liver, the liver fatty acid-binding protein (l-fabp) and the liver basic fatty acid-binding protein (lb-fabp). both fabps are capable of forming complexes with free fatty acids and bile acids, but the functional distinction between l-fabp and lb-fabp in avian liver is not fully understood. to gain insights into the functional distinction between l-fabp and lb-fabp, we investigated the expression of both genes ... | 2009 | 19540927 |
| efficacy of voriconazole in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) experimentally infected with aspergillus fumigatus. | aspergillus fumigatus causes disease in birds. our objectives were to determine pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluate efficacy of voriconazole (vcz) in a novel experimental quail model. after a single oral vcz dose of 20 or 40 mg/kg, plasma concentrations peaked 2 h postdose (5.8 and 6.9 microg/ml) and remained above 0.5 microg/ml for 4 and 12 h postdose, respectively. for the efficacy study, ten-day-old japanese quail (n = 60) were infected intratracheally with a. fumigatus conidia. daily ora ... | 2010 | 19548171 |
| higher incorporation of heterologous chicken immunoglobulin y compared with homologous quail immunoglobulin y into egg yolks of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in avian species, blood igy is selectively incorporated into the yolks of maturing oocytes, although the precise mechanism is poorly understood. our previous study showed that 22% of i.v.-injected heterologous chicken igy (cigy) was incorporated into egg yolks of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). however, it is not known whether homologous quail igy (qigy) can be more efficiently incorporated into quail egg yolks than cigy. therefore, we compared the uptakes of qigy and cigy i.v. administered ... | 2009 | 19590086 |
| development and evaluation of normalization methods for label-free relative quantification of endogenous peptides. | the performances of 10 different normalization methods on data of endogenous brain peptides produced with label-free nano-lc-ms were evaluated. data sets originating from three different species (mouse, rat, and japanese quail), each consisting of 35-45 individual lc-ms analyses, were used in the study. each sample set contained both technical and biological replicates, and the lc-ms analyses were performed in a randomized block fashion. peptides in all three data sets were found to display lc-m ... | 2009 | 19596695 |
| molecular cloning of growth hormone secretagogue-receptor and effect of quail ghrelin on gastrointestinal motility in japanese quail. | we identified a growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (ghs-r) for ghrelin (grln) in the japanese quail, and examined relationship between its receptor distribution and the effects of ghrelin on the gastrointestinal tract of the quail. ghs-r expression and grln-induced response were also investigated in the chicken and compared with quail. several types of ghs-r, namely ghs-r1a-l, ghs-r1a-s, ghs-r1av, ghs-r1b, ghs-r1bv and ghs-r1tv-like receptor, were identified in quail cerebellum cdna. amino aci ... | 2009 | 19615411 |
| molecular biological characterization of avian poxvirus strains isolated from different avian species. | fifteen strains of avipoxvirus from different avian species were isolated and molecular biologically characterized. most strains did not produce evident pocks on the chorioallantoic membranes of commercial and specific-pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs where, on the contrary, microscopic signs of viral growth were always detected. polymerase chain reaction of highly conserved p4b gene was positive for all cases confirming to be a reliable diagnostic method for avipoxvirus. sequencing of the ... | 2010 | 19646826 |
| food restriction in young japanese quails: effects on growth, metabolism, plasma thyroid hormones and mrna species in the thyroid hormone signalling pathway. | young birds, in their post-natal growth period, may reduce their growth and metabolism when facing a food shortage. to examine how such responses can be mediated by endocrine-related factors, we exposed japanese quail chicks to food restriction for either 2 days (age 6-8 days) or 5 days (age 6-11 days). we then measured growth and resting metabolic rate (rmr), and circulating 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (t3) and 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (t4) levels as well as expression patterns of genes invo ... | 2009 | 19749098 |
| localization of circadian clock protein bmal1 in the photoperiodic signal transduction machinery in japanese quail. | the circadian clock is a fundamental property of living organisms and is involved in seasonal (photoperiodic) time measurement. among vertebrates, birds have multiple circadian pacemakers in the eye, the pineal gland, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), and have highly sophisticated photoperiodic mechanisms. however, because the removal of these circadian pacemakers fails to abolish the photoperiodic response, the existence of another "photoperiodic clock" has been suggested. recent studies h ... | 2009 | 19760601 |
| cytochrome p4501a induction by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and two chlorinated dibenzofurans in primary hepatocyte cultures of three avian species. | relative potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) were determined in vitro in primary hepatocyte cultures of chicken (gallus gallus), ring-necked pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) embryos. concentration-dependent effects on ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity and expression of cytochrome p4501a4 and cytochrome p4501a5 (cyp1a4 and cyp1a5) messenger rn ... | 2010 | 19884122 |
| haemagglutinin and neuraminidase characterization of low pathogenic h5 and h7 avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (anas acuta) in japan, with special reference to genomic and biogeographical aspects. | pintails constitute an important host of avian influenza viruses (aivs). genetic, molecular, and antigenic characteristics of h5 and h7 aivs, which we isolated from northern pintails (anas acuta) wintering in japan, were analyzed and found to be linked to various ecological features, chiefly in terms of gene geography, as shaped by various migratory aquatic host species. although all the isolates were found to be of low pathogenicity (lp), we explored gene predispositions that may potentially un ... | 2010 | 19916042 |
| allometric scaling of fatty acyl chains in fowl liver, lung and kidney, but not in brain phospholipids. | the phospholipid (pl) fatty acyl chain (fa) composition (mol%) was determined in the kidney, liver, lung and brain of 8 avian species ranging in body mass from 150g (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica) to 19kg (turkey, meleagris gallopavo). in all organs except the brain, docosahexaenoic acid (c22:6 n3, dha) was found to show a negative allometric scaling (allometric exponent: b=-0.18; -0.20 and -0.24, for kidney, liver and lung, respectively). with minor inter-organ differences, smaller ... | 2010 | 19961949 |
| polymorphic heterochromatic segments in japanese quail microchromosomes. | using highly extended lampbrush chromosomes from diplotene oocytes, we have examined the distribution of heterochromatin protein 1 beta (hp1 beta) and histone h3 modifications on chicken (gallus gallus) and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) (2n = 78) microchromosomes. acrocentric microchromosomes of chicken and submetacentric microchromosomes of quail differ in several morphological features. in addition to pericentromeric and subtelomeric blocks of constitutive heterochromatin, which are enric ... | 2009 | 20016164 |
| biochemical responses of juvenile and adult japanese quails to cyanobacterial biomass. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate differences between juvenile and adult japanese quails in responses to the exposure to cyanobacterial biomass in the diet. | 2009 | 20027171 |
| effects of cyanobacterial biomass on avian reproduction: a japanese quail model. | the present study was aimed at evaluation of the response of japanese quails to cyanobacterial biomass administered in feed using biochemical profiles and parameters of reproduction. | 2009 | 20027172 |
| isolation of thermophilic campylobacter species from japanese quails (coturnix coturnix) in vom, nigeria. | | 2010 | 20118475 |
| enantioselective behavior of alpha-hch in mouse and quail tissues. | alpha-hch (hexachlorocyclohexane) is chiral and can still be detected in almost all environmental media. in this study, the enantioselective behavior of alpha-hch in mice (cd1) and quail (coturnix japonica) was investigated and compared after a single dose of exposure. the primary nerve cell culture was conducted to evaluate the enantioselective metabolic capacity of nerve cells of mouse and quail for alpha-hch. in various tissues of the mice and quail, the alpha-hch concentrations showed a typi ... | 2010 | 20143817 |
| japanese quail: an efficient animal model for the production of transgenic avians. | the ability to generate transgenic mice has been a powerful tool in studying functional genomics, and much of our knowledge about developmental biology has come from the study of chicken embryology. unfortunately, the availability of molecular genetic techniques, such as transgenics and knockouts, has been limited for developmental biologists using avian animal models. efforts to develop a system for the rapid production of transgenic chickens have met with many obstacles, including high animal ... | 2009 | 20147007 |
| generation of high-titer lentivirus for the production of transgenic quail. | this protocol describes how to generate high-titer lentivirus for the production of transgenic japanese quail. the virus is pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus with the envelope g glycoprotein (vsv-g), which gives a broad infectious range and allows concentration of viral supernatants by ultracentrifugation. using this method, we typically produce titers >1 x 10(8) transforming units (tu)/ml and recommend using a virus with a titer at least this high for in vivo work. | 2009 | 20147012 |
| injection of lentivirus into stage-x blastoderm for the production of transgenic quail. | this protocol describes how to generate transgenic quail by injecting a lentiviral vector into freshly laid japanese quail eggs at stage x. the lentivirus infects primordial germ cells originating in the area pellucida. | 2009 | 20147013 |
| genistein suppresses spontaneous oviduct tumorigenesis in quail. | spontaneous leiomyomas of the oviduct are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and laying hens. this makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. genistein has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cells. we investigated the effects of genistein supplementation on the development of fibroid tumors in the oviduct, serum oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (mda), 8-isopro ... | 2009 | 20155619 |
| red jungle fowl (gallus gallus) as a model for studying the molecular mechanism of seasonal reproduction. | photoperiodism is an adaptation mechanism that enables animals to predict seasonal changes in the environment. japanese quail is the best model organism for studying photoperiodism. although the recent availability of chicken genome sequences has permitted the expansion from single gene to genome-wide transcriptional analysis in this organism, the photoperiodic response of the domestic chicken is less robust than that of the quail. therefore, in the present study, we examined the photoperiodic r ... | 2009 | 20163644 |
| the "silver" japanese quail and the mitf gene: causal mutation, associated traits and homology with the "blue" chicken plumage. | the mitf (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor) gene has been investigated in mice and various vertebrates but its variations and associated effects have not yet been explored much in birds. the present study describes the causal mutation b at the mitf gene responsible for the "silver" plumage colour in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica), and its associated effects on growth and body composition, and tests its allelism with the "blue" plumage colour mutation bl in gallus gallus. | 2010 | 20184729 |
| effects of social experience on subsequent sexual performance in naïve male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | on their first sexual encounter, naïve male japanese quail will attend to and approach a female; they sometimes mount but they do not always copulate. during the second encounter, most males successfully copulate. although sexual experience facilitates subsequent sexual interactions, sensory cues provided by females, independent of any sexual encounter, may also enhance sexual performance. to investigate whether previous exposure to a conspecific affects subsequent sexual behavior, we allowed in ... | 2010 | 20188733 |
| ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase induction by tcdd, pecdf and tcdf in ring-necked pheasant and japanese quail hepatocytes: time-dependent effects on concentration-response curves. | ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activity was measured in primary cultures of ring-necked pheasant (phasianuscolchicus) and japanese quail (coturnix japonica) embryonic hepatocytes exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd), 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. in ring-necked pheasant hepatocytes there was a significant time-dependent increase in the erod-inducing potency of tcdd, pecdf and tcdf (i.e. decrease ... | 2010 | 20206251 |
| identification of the amino acid residues involved in human igg transport into egg yolks of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in avian species, maternal immunoglobulin (ig) y is selectively incorporated into the yolks of maturing oocytes, although the relevance of receptor-mediated uptake is unclear. when administered to birds, several mammalian igs, including human igg (higg), are also incorporated into the yolks. in the current study, to gain insight into selective ig transport into yolks, we intended to identify the amino acid residues critical for ig uptake into egg yolks using alanine and glycine-scanning mutagene ... | 2010 | 20299104 |
| identification, localization, and function of a novel avian hypothalamic neuropeptide, 26rfa, and its cognate receptor, g protein-coupled receptor-103. | several neuropeptides with the c-terminal rfamide sequence have been identified in the hypothalamus of a variety of vertebrates. among the rfamide peptide groups, however, only lpxrfamide peptides, including gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, have been characterized in the avian brain. in the present study, we sought for the presence of other rfamide peptides in the avian hypothalamus. we identified a cdna encoding an rfamide peptide orthologous to 26rfa (also referred to as qrfp) in the hypothala ... | 2010 | 20308530 |
| effect of dietary level of methionine on growth performance and immune response in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | methionine (met) being the first limiting amino acid in maize/soybean-based quail diets, its supplementation provides scope for improvement of protein quality and reduction of dietary protein concentration. the question remains to what extent it can be incorporated in the diet of genetically improved quails. therefore the effect of dietary met level was assessed on growth performance and immune response in growing japanese quails (n = 400) divided equally into 20 groups. five dietary treatments ... | 2010 | 20355070 |
| is sexual motivational state linked to dopamine release in the medial preoptic area? | the medial preoptic area (mpoa) is a key site for the dopaminergic enhancement of male sexual behavior. dopamine release increases in the rat mpoa with mating, supporting the critical stimulatory role played by preoptic dopamine on male sexual behavior. however, it has been questioned whether dopamine is specifically related to the occurrence of male sexual behavior and not simply involved in general arousal. to address this question, we asked whether dopamine release in the mpoa is linked to th ... | 2010 | 20364890 |
| molecular cloning and comparative analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes from phasianus colchicus, meleagris gallopavo, and coturnix japonica. | to date, immunoglobulin (ig) genes have only been fully characterized in a small number of aves, which pose a major obstacle to understanding ig evolution. thus, we cloned the cdnas of three immunoglobulin classes, iga, igm, and igy, from phasianus colchicus, coturnix japonica, and meleagris gallopavo. multiple sequence alignments revealed that the highest degree of sequence homology in all ig classes was observed between pheasant and turkey whereas the degree of homology between the galliforms ... | 2010 | 20398946 |
| phenotypic and genotypic properties of escherichia coli isolated from colisepticemic cases of japanese quail. | this study was conducted to characterize the escherichia coli isolates from colisepticemic japanese quails. one hundred and nine e. coli were isolated in pure culture from heart blood of dead japanese quails. the sampled birds were originated from four different farms. antibiotic resistance pattern of e. coli isolates were determined against nine antibacterial agents. phylotype and virulence genes of the isolates were detected by polymerase chain reaction. by disc diffusion method, all of the is ... | 2010 | 20401756 |
| pathogenicity of a quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-derived marek's disease virus rescued from the qt35 cell line. | the qt35 cell line was established in 1977 from methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in japanese quail. it was later shown that at least some of the qt35 cell lines were latently infected with marek's disease (md) virus (mdv). an mdv-like herpesvirus, named quail mdv (qmdv), was isolated from qt35 cells in 2000 by yamaguchi et al. to determine the pathogenicity of qmdv, we inoculated 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with qmdv jm (virulent), rb-1b (very virulent), or 584a (very virulent pl ... | 2010 | 20408411 |
| the effects of selenium supplementation on the spontaneously occurring fibroid tumors of oviduct, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and heat shock protein 70 response in japanese quail. | oxidative stress is known to be an important contributing factor in many chronic diseases. spontaneously occurring benign oviduct leiomyomas are common tumors of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), which makes it a good animal model for screening potential agents for testing in the prevention and treatment of human myoma uteri. since dietary intake of selenium has been associated with a reduced risk of a variety of human cancers, we investigated the effects of selenium supplementati ... | 2010 | 20432170 |
| effects of an active immunization on the immune response of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed with or without genetically modified bacillus thuringiensis-maize. | potentially adverse effects of diets containing transgenic plants are a concern for many consumers, particularly in europe. for bacillus thuringiensis-maize, several studies in livestock and poultry showed that the zootechnical data provide no indication for such adverse effects. these studies were all done in homeostatic situations; it remained open whether a deflection of the regulatory physiological systems might yield divergent dynamic responses in b. thuringiensis-maize-fed animals. we ther ... | 2010 | 20460657 |
| effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on egg production and antioxidant status. | resveratrol, a polyphenol derived from red grapes, berries, and peanuts, exerts antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on performance and serum and egg yolk antioxidant status in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 150 five-week-old quails were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 200 or 400 mg of resveratrol/kg ... | 2010 | 20460666 |
| increased pathogenicity and shedding in chickens of a wild bird-origin low pathogenicity avian influenza virus of the h7n3 subtype following multiple in vivo passages in quail and turkey. | in order to investigate viral adaptation mechanisms to poultry, we performed serial in vivo passages of a wild bird low pathogenicity avian influenza isolate of the h7n3 subtype (a/mallard/italy/33/01) in three different domestic species (chicken, turkey, and japanese quail). the virus under study was administered via natural routes at the dose of 10(6) egg infective dose50/ 0.1 ml to chickens, turkeys, and quails in order to investigate the clinical susceptibility and the shedding levels after ... | 2010 | 20521693 |
| role of marek's disease herpesvirus in the induction of tumours in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by methylcholanthrene. | the qt35 cell line, established from 20-methylcholanthrene (mca)-induced tumours in japanese quail, is positive for marek's disease virus (mdv), and therefore we examined whether mdv is important for the development of mca-induced tumours. japanese quail were inoculated with the jm16 strain of mdv at 1 or 3 days of age or left uninoculated. at 3 weeks of age, quail were injected in the breast muscle with 4 mg mca in corn oil or corn oil alone. quail were observed for tumours three times/week and ... | 2010 | 20544424 |
| human handling and presentation of a novel object evoke independent dimensions of fear in japanese quail. | fear is a concept comprising several dimensions, but the nature of these dimensions and the relationships between them remain elusive. to investigate these dimensions in birds, we have used two genetic lines of quail divergently selected on tonic immobility duration, a behavioural index of fear. these two lines differ in their behavioural response to some, but not all, fear-inducing situations. in the present study, we investigated the contribution of human intervention in the differentiation be ... | 2010 | 20553824 |
| differential effects of central injections of d1 and d2 receptor agonists and antagonists on male sexual behavior in japanese quail. | a key brain site in the control of male sexual behavior is the medial pre-optic area (mpoa) where dopamine stimulates both d1 and d2 receptor subtypes. research completed to date in japanese quail has only utilized systemic injections and therefore much is unknown about the specific role played by dopamine in the brain and mpoa in particular. the present study investigated the role of d1 and d2 receptors on male sexual behavior by examining how intracerebroventricular injections and microinjecti ... | 2010 | 20597974 |
| basic characterization of 90 kda heat shock protein genes hsp90aa1, hsp90ab1, hsp90b1 and trap1 expressed in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in the current study, we describe four novel members of the 90 kda heat shock protein (hsp90) family expressed in japanese quail, coturnix japonica. the coding regions of the genes, cjhsp90aa1, cjhsp90ab1, cjhsp90b1 and cjtrap1, exhibited more than 94% similarity to their related genes in chicken. the putative proteins encoded by these quail genes contained motifs considered essential for hsp90 gene function. in addition, the predicted proteins were more similar to hsp90aa1, hsp90ab1, hsp90b1 an ... | 2010 | 20662823 |
| effects of in ovo exposure of white leghorn chicken, common pheasant, and japanese quail to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and two chlorinated dibenzofurans on cyp1a induction. | in birds, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) by some polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) results in induction of cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) expression. this response has been useful for predicting relative sensitivity of birds to dioxin-like compounds. to further investigate species-sensitivity to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds induction of cytochrome p450 1a4 and 1a5 (cyp1a4 and cyp1a5) mrna and ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) ... | 2010 | 20821598 |
| a 27-amino-acid deletion in the neuraminidase stalk supports replication of an avian h2n2 influenza a virus in the respiratory tract of chickens. | the events and mechanisms that lead to interspecies transmission of, and host adaptation to, influenza a virus are unknown; however, both surface and internal proteins have been implicated. our previous report highlighted the role that japanese quail play as an intermediate host, expanding the host range of a mallard h2n2 virus, a/mallard/potsdam/178-4/83 (h2n2), through viral adaptation. this quail-adapted virus supported transmission in quail and increased its host range to replicate and be tr ... | 2010 | 20826691 |
| epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents lipid peroxidation and enhances antioxidant defense system via modulating hepatic nuclear transcription factors in heat-stressed quails. | epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), a polyphenol derived from green tea, exerts antioxidant effects. oxidative stress is one of the consequences of heat stress (hs), which also depresses performance in poultry. this experiment was conducted to elucidate the action mode of egcg in alleviation of oxidative stress in heat-stressed quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). a total of 180 five-week-old female japanese quails were reared either at 22°c for 24 h/d (thermoneutral, tn) or 34°c for 8 h/d (hs) fo ... | 2010 | 20852116 |
| sensitivity of japanese quail (coturnix japonica), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and white leghorn chicken (gallus gallus domesticus) embryos to in ovo exposure to tcdd, pecdf, and tcdf. | egg injection studies were performed to confirm a proposed model of relative sensitivity of birds to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd). in this model, species are classified as belonging to one of three categories of sensitivity based on amino acid substitutions in the ligand-binding domain of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. embryo lethality and relative potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf) were compared with tcdd for japanese ... | 2011 | 20861070 |
| quail genomics: a knowledgebase for northern bobwhite. | the quail genomics knowledgebase (http://www.quailgenomics.info) has been initiated to share and develop functional genomic data for northern bobwhite (colinus virginianus). this web-based platform has been designed to allow researchers to perform analysis and curate genomic information for this non-model species that has little supporting information in genbank. | 2010 | 20946596 |
| pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration of orbifloxacin in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) following oral and intravenous administration. | hawkins, m. g., taylor, i. t., byrne, b. a., armstrong, r. d., tell, l. a. pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration of orbifloxacin in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) following oral and intravenous administration. j. vet. pharmacol. therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01233.x. the pharmacokinetics of single-dose administration of orbifloxacin were determined in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) at dosages of 5 mg/kg intravenous (i.v. n = 12) and 7.5 mg/kg oral (p.o.; n = 5), 10 mg/kg p. ... | 2010 | 20950349 |
| the experimental model for studying of human age retinal degeneration (japanese quail c. japonica). | | 2010 | 20963647 |
| chronic stress and environmental enrichment as opposite factors affecting the immune response in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | procedures in the commercial production of animals involve stressful situations which lessen the animal's welfare. this study on japanese quail evaluated whether an environmental enrichment manipulation can affect avian immune responses and if combined with a chronic stressor exposure can help to counteract the negative effects of stress on the immune system. potential gender effects were also considered. after hatch, half of the birds were housed in non-enriched boxes and half were housed in en ... | 2010 | 21034299 |
| sexual arousal, is it for mammals only? | sexual arousal has many dimensions and has consequently been defined in various ways. in humans, sexual arousal can be assessed based in part on verbal communication. in male non-human mammalian species, it has been argued that arousal can only be definitively inferred if the subject exhibits a penile erection in a sexual context. in non-mammalian species that lack an intromittent organ, as is the case for most avian species, the question of how to assess sexual arousal has not been thoroughly a ... | 2010 | 21073874 |
| cloacal gland foam enhances motility and disaggregation of spermatozoa in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the adult male japanese quail produces white foam from the cloacal gland, which is transferred to the female proctodeum during natural mating. the physiological role of foam on quail spermatozoa is still unclear. therefore, attempts have been made to understand the effect of cloacal foam on motility and metabolism of quail spermatozoa. the profile of various biochemical constitutes in the foam extract was investigated. the addition of foam extract to neat semen completely disaggregated the clump ... | 2010 | 21074832 |