Publications

reinfection with a different vi-phage type of salmonella typhi in an endemic area.		1987	3794402
[salmonella typhi sepsis in vasculitis].		1986	3796112
[typhoid fever presenting as histiocytic medullary reticulosis: a case report].	because of a pancytopenia, moderately cellular bone marrow with hypoplastic erythropoiesis but with active granulo- and thrombopoiesis and a conspicuous increase in histiocytic cells, a patient was provisionally diagnosed as having histiocytic medullary reticulosis. however, salmonella typhi was cultured from blood, urine and stool specimens. after 3 weeks the widal reaction showed a titre of 1/320 for the h-antigen and 1/1,280 for the o-antigen. the patient was treated with chloramphenicol for ...	1986	3798274
[typhoid fever in childhood].	typhoid fever is an uncommon disease in the netherlands. acquisition occurs mainly during holidays in an endemic area. the history of three children, admitted in the summer of 1985, will be discussed, in one of them the disease had a complicated course. a short review of the literature is given, especially regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. cultures of blood, faeces and bone-marrow are essential for diagnosis. bone marrow culture remains the most effective method for recovery of th ...	1986	3798441
[analysis of the possible mechanisms of the action of socioeconomic factors on the epidemic process whose biological base is an open parasitic system].	the mechanism of action of socioeconomic factors on the epidemic process have been analyzed on the basis of the study of the influence, exerted on the biological properties of infective agents by environmental factors resulting from human activities, and the theory of the self-regulation of the parasitic system. such mechanisms can be subdivided into the mechanisms affecting the epidemiological triad (the source of infection, the mechanism of transfer, and the susceptibility of the population) a ...	1986	3799123
evolution of the typhoid immunity along one year after intradermal vaccination.		1986	3800632
detection of serum antibody response in patients infected with one strain of campylobacter jejuni with a dig-elisa method.	paired sera from 10 patients and a convalescence sample from one patient suffering from campylobacteriosis were analysed for igg, igm and iga antibodies against the infective organism (campylobacter jejuni pen 0:6,7) with a dig-elisa system. either formalinized, ethanol-inactivated or heat-inactivated preparations of the infecting organism were used as antigens. cross reactivity was tested with human sera having agglutinating antibodies against yersinia enterocolitica (n = 6) or salmonella typhi ...	1986	3808455
[abscess of the spleen caused by salmonella typhi: case report].		1986	3813302
neonatal typhoid fever.	three infants of pakistani immigrant mothers developed typhoid fever in the neonatal period. all three survived, but two became chronic excretors of salmonella typhi. the risk of an outbreak of typhoid fever in a maternity unit or special care baby unit is emphasized.	1986	3813617
[immune complex binding by erythrocytes and its significance in the destruction of these cells during immunization].	immunization of balb/c mice by sheep red blood cells and salmonella typhi vaccine has been shown to augment the immune complexes in plasma and erythrocytes in blood fixing the immune complexes on their surface. the inactivation of immune complexes in immunized mice by intravenous injection of the antiserum against aggregated immunoglobulins decreases the hemoglobin in blood serum. the data obtained show that the fixation of immune complexes on erythrocytes is one of the reasons of erythrocytes d ...	1986	3814662
isolation of salmonella typhi from brain tumor--a case report.		1986	3817939
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of salmonella typhi protein antigen.	a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was designed for the detection of salmonella typhi protein antigen. the optimal concentration of antibody for coating the plate was found to be 50 micrograms/ml. the optimum conditions for antibody coating and antigen and conjugate incubation were 37 degrees c for 3 h, 37 degrees c for 2 h, and 4 degrees c overnight, respectively. the enzyme-substrate reaction was allowed to take place at 30 degrees c for 1 h. the established e ...	1987	3818924
safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and in vivo stability of two attenuated auxotrophic mutant strains of salmonella typhi, 541ty and 543ty, as live oral vaccines in humans.	two salmonella typhi mutants, 541ty (vi+) and 543ty (vi-), auxotrophic for p-aminobenzoate and adenine, were evaluated as live oral vaccines. 33 volunteers ingested single doses of 10(8), 10(9), or 10(10) vaccine organisms, while four others received two 2 x 10(9) organism doses 4 d apart. no adverse reactions were observed. vaccine was recovered from coprocultures of 29 of 37 vaccinees (78%) and from duodenal string cultures of two; repeated blood cultures were negative. the humoral antibody re ...	1987	3818953
possible involvement of endotoxic lipopolysaccharide in diarrhea associated with typhoid fever and non-typhoid salmonellosis.		1987	3819485
[the flocculation-agglutination test in capillaries in the serologic diagnosis of typhoid fever in children].		1987	3828041
comparative in vitro activity of aztreonam and other antimicrobial agents against salmonella species.	the in vitro activity of aztreonam, the first monobactam antibiotic, was compared with that of 17 other antimicrobial agents against 79 strains of salmonella species. the microorganisms were isolated from hospitalized patients, surface waters and seafoods during the decade 1975-1984. they included the following species: salmonella typhi 63, salmonella typhimurium 5, salmonella wien 5, salmonella heidelberg 2, salmonella arizonae 2, salmonella paratyphi b 1 and salmonella enteritidis 1. the minim ...	1985	3836124
current clinical patterns of typhoid fever: a prospective study.	this paper reports on a prospective study comprising 125 consecutive adult cases of typhoid fever diagnosed on the basis of positive cultures for typhoid organisms. salmonella typhi infection was found to be more frequent (89.6%) than s. paratyphi a & b (10.4%). onset of the disease was usually insidious and the classical step-ladder pattern of fever was uncommon (12%). rose spots were observed in 9.6% cases. gut perforation was more common, while typhoid toxaemia and peripheral circulatory fail ...	1985	3837121
an experimental study of a typhoid vaccine inactivated with beta-propiolactone.		1985	3838046
antibody response to somatic antigen of salmonella typhi in areas endemic and non-endemic for typhoid fever.	in sera obtained between the 6th and the 30th day from 16 austrian and 26 hong kong patients with culturally verified typhoid fever, agglutinating antibodies (microagglutination test) at significant titers were detected in 93% of the austrian (median titer: 640) but in only 50% of the hong kong patients (median titer: 240). similar results (93% and 54% positive sera respectively) were obtained for specific igm as assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using lipopolysaccharide ...	1985	3845062
salmonella typhi carrier state 52 years after illness with typhoid fever: a case study.		1985	3849271
salmonella typhi pneumonia without gastrointestinal manifestations.	salmonella typhi bacilli were isolated from the pleural aspirate and the blood culture of an 8-year-old girl who presented with clinical and roentgenographic alveolar pneumonia. there was no accompanying gastrointestinal manifestation. the literature on pneumonia in typhoid fever is briefly reviewed.	1985	3850013
sensitivity of salmonella and shigella to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents in sudan.	antibacterial sensitivity tests were done for 513 salmonellae and 133 shigellae. salmonella strains were divided into three groups: 336 salmonella typhi, 134 salmonellae isolated from cases of gastroenteritis and 43 salmonellae isolated from non-human sources. all salmonellae and shigellae were sensitive to chloramphenicol. all salmonellae were sensitive to co-trimoxazole, while shigellae showed 18% of resistance. salmonella resistance to ampicillin was low compared with a high resistance in shi ...	1985	3853591
introduction of salmonella typhi in the united states via travelers.		1985	3862870
immunotoxicological investigation of the effects of a pesticide; cypermethrin.	the effects of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin on the immune system were studied. the effect of a daily oral administration of 1/40, 1/20 and 1/10 of ld50 was studied in rabbits for its influence on the humoral immune response after vaccination with salmonella typhi, as well as on cell-mediated immunity. the two higher doses induced a significant dose-dependent decrease of serum antibody titers. the skin redness measured in the tuberculin skin test showed the same dose-dependent te ...	1985	3868357
pregnancy complicated by intraamniotic infection by salmonella typhi.	there are few reports of transplacental infection by salmonella typhi. a case of a primagravida at 26 weeks' gestation with severe s typhi gastroenteritis, sepsis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation is presented. shortly after institution of antibiotic therapy, she spontaneously aborted a previable infant. amniotic fluid was turbid and subsequently grew s typhi.	1985	3871929
the kinetics of the production of granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating activity (gm-csa) by isolated human monocytes: response to bacterial endotoxin.	when mononuclear phagocytes are stimulated by bacterial endotoxins, they produce granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating activity (gm-csa). in order to study the kinetics of the production of gm-csa by human monocytes, we prepared suspensions of these cells and studied their response to salmonella typhi endotoxin. we found that when human monocytes were exposed to this preparation of endotoxin, they synthesized gm-csa de novo and subsequently secreted it into the extracellular environment; howev ...	1985	3876565
cellular immunity against salmonella typhi after live oral vaccine.	seventeen adult volunteers were vaccinated orally with the live attenuated salmonella typhi mutant strain ty21a. their peripheral blood mononuclear cells were tested at different times after vaccination for direct cell-mediated activity against bacteria, employing a simple short-term in vitro assay. it was observed that 16/17 of the vaccinated subjects acquired the capacity to express specific cellular immunity against s. typhi which lasted from 15 days to at least 3 years. the effector cell of ...	1985	3878744
case-control study to identify risk factors for paediatric endemic typhoid fever in santiago, chile.	typhoid fever is an important endemic health problem in santiago, chile. its incidence has more than doubled in recent years, during which access to potable water and sewage disposal in the home became almost universal in the city. a matched case-control study was carried out to identify risk factors and vehicles of transmission of paediatric typhoid fever; 81 children in the 3-14-years age group with typhoid fever were compared with controls, matched with respect to age, sex, and neighbourhood. ...	1985	3879201
salmonella bacteremia in systemic lupus erythematosus. eight-year experience at a municipal hospital.	non-endemic salmonella bacteremia tends to occur in patients with chronic disease. we reviewed all cases of salmonella infection documented in adults at bellevue hospital during the years 1975-1982. unexpectedly, the most frequent underlying disease found among bacteremic patients was systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). patients with sle accounted for 6 of 30 salmonella bacteremias as compared with 13 of 2,388 non-salmonella gram-negative bacteremias. salmonella was the single most frequent gram ...	1985	3881103
demonstration of specific iga in human feces after immunization with live ty21a salmonella typhi vaccine.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to evaluate the appearance of specific iga in fecal eluates of 11 normal subjects given oral live salmonella typhi ty21a vaccine. all subjects after immunization showed a detectable rise in levels of specific iga to both lipopolysaccharide and flagellar antigens of s. typhi.	1985	3882850
survey of plasmids in salmonella typhi from chile and thailand.		1985	3882852
survival of bacterial enteropathogens in the ice of popular drinks.	we examined the survival of four bacterial enteropathogens frozen in ice and subsequently allowed to melt in various popular drinks. the counts of all the organisms were markedly lowered by freezing alone, and the numbers were further decreased by exposure to some of the drinks. nevertheless, none of the organisms were completely eliminated as a result of freezing for 24 hours followed by melting in any of the test drinks, even when the drink was 86-proof tequila.	1985	3889393
[characteristics of the reaction of immunologically tolerant mice to the polyclonal stimulant salmozan].	the nonspecific stimulant of the immune response salmozan (sal) increases the number of pfc against srbc in intact mice, b mice (thymectomized, irradiated and reconstituted with embryonic liver cells), and in mice pretreated with cyclophosphamide (cy). this effect was decreased in mice pretreated with srbc and cy. the subsequent injections of srbc and sal into tolerant mice did not increase the response under study. it is concluded that the effect observed is due to partial alteration of antigen ...	1985	3893566
clinical trial of cefotaxime in patients with typhoid fever.	in 45 patients in whom typhoid fever was confirmed by culture of a blood sample, cefotaxime (1 gm bid) was administered intravenously for four days; if defervescence did not occur by day 5, the dosage was increased to 2 gm bid until defervescence, when it was reduced to 1 gm bid until discharge. on average, defervescence occurred on day 7 (range, day 3 to day 14), requiring a total dose of 31 gm (range, 12 to 60 gm) of cefotaxime. relapse, occurring in three patients, was treated with co-trimoxa ...	1985	3893702
performance characteristics of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of immunoglobulin m anti-salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide antibodies.	some characteristics of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of immunoglobulin m anti-salmonella lipopolysaccharide antibodies have been assessed. immunoglobulin m anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies in serum samples from most patients with typhoid fever cross-reacted with s. typhimurium lipopolysaccharide. however, absorbance values with s. typhi lipopolysaccharide were always higher than with the heterologous antigens. serum samples from two patients with s. paratyphi b in ...	1985	3896258
[serological diagnosis of typhoid infection].		1985	3898667
epidemiological analysis of salmonella typhi-murium infections on the basis of laboratory methods. i. distribution of phage types and biotypes of salmonella typhi-murium isolated in hungary in the period 1960 to 1981.	phage and biochemical types were determined of 34 937 salmonella typhi-murium cultures including 31 708 human strains, 2732 animal strains and 497 strains isolated from water. phage type 4, not typable strains (nt) and phage type 2b were predominant among the strains of human and animal origin, and nt, 4 and 2b among the strains isolated from water. the most frequent phage types and the nt strains were subdivided by biotyping and additional phages. the incidence of s. typhi-murium var. copenhage ...	1985	3898704
epidemiological analysis of salmonella typhi-murium infections on the basis of laboratory methods. ii. resistance to antibiotics and r-plasmid carrier state in salmonella typhi-murium isolated in hungary in the period 1974 to 1981.	phage and biochemical typing of salmonella typhi-murium strains performed in the course of the salmonella surveillance programme were completed with examinations on resistance to antibiotics and r-plasmids. a total of 15 600 strains of human, animal and water origin were tested between 1975 and 1981 and most of the monoresistant strains were found among the animal strains (73.6%-94.9%), while double resistance was the most frequent among the human strains (5.5%-25.5%) and multiresistance occurre ...	1985	3898705
efficacy of bone marrow, blood, stool and duodenal contents cultures for bacteriologic confirmation of typhoid fever in children.	the relative efficacy of cultures made from duodenal contents (obtained by string capsules), bone marrow, blood and rectal swab was compared in 118 pediatric patients, 2 to 13 years old with suspected typhoid fever. only 47% of children 2 to 6 years old tolerated the string device, as compared with 89% in children 7 to 13 years old (p less than 0.05). the four culture techniques were performed and at least one was positive for salmonella typhi in 43 patients. bone marrow cultures were positive i ...	1985	3900945
oral vaccination against enteric bacterial infections: an overview.	the present situation and the future prospects for the use of oral vaccines against the major enteric diseases typhoid fever, shigellosis and cholera are discussed in this paper. no significant protection could be demonstrated for oral inactivated whole-cell vaccines. in contrast, an oral live vaccine based on the attenuated salmonella typhi strain ty 21a was highly efficacious in volunteer challenge studies and in a controlled field trial. two attenuated strains are presently being tested in vo ...	1985	3902655
enteroadhesion fimbriae and enterotoxin of escherichia coli: genetic transfer to a streptomycin-resistant mutant of the gale oral-route live-vaccine salmonella typhi ty21a.	an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli plasmid encoding colonization factor antigen (cfa) i fimbriae and heat-stable toxin was transferred into a streptomycin-resistant mutant of the salmonella typhi gale strain ty21a (a live attenuated oral typhoid vaccine). the virulence plasmid-carrying transconjugants produced cfa i fimbriae and heat-stable toxin. the marked production of cfa i fimbriae was observed even in a vaccine medium for ty21a. the data lead to a new type of potential live oral vaccine, ...	1985	3905619
serum bactericidal activity of ceftazidime increased by netilmicin.	cephalosporins are often used in combination with aminoglycoside antibiotics in the treatment of gram-negative infections. although ceftazidime possesses activity against gram-negative bacteria, especially against pseudomonas, combined use with aminoglycosides is useful. in this study, 12 healthy volunteers (6 men, 6 women; mean age 21.5 yr) received a single dose of ceftazidime 1 g iv and one week later ceftazidime 1 g iv with netilmicin 100 mg iv. both antibiotics were infused over five minute ...	1985	3910388
characteristics of lipopolysaccharide interaction with human peripheral-blood monocytes.	the interaction between radioiodinated lipopolysaccharide from escherichia coli 0111:b4 (125i-lps) and human peripheral-blood monocytes was studied. the association of 125i-lps with monocytes at 37 degrees c appeared to depend on binding to the cell membrane with subsequent internalization of the molecule, and was not saturable with time (up to 2 h) or 125i-lps concentration (up to 10 micrograms/ml). there was no apparent difference in the behaviour of unlabelled lps and 125i-lps with respect to ...	1985	3911946
[epidemiologic survey of a nosocomial outbreak of gastroenteritis due to salmonella typhi murium].		1985	3912061
new enteric vaccines: application of new knowledge of receptors and recognition in enteric infections.	advances in understanding of the "receptors and recognition" mechanisms of virulence factors of enteric pathogens have been important in the development of enteric vaccines. sophisticated techniques of molecular biology have proved essential to this endeavour. this review summarizes progress in development of vaccines against disease due to vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, shigella and rotavirus enteric infections. all of these vaccines are undergoing, or are about to undergo ...	1985	3913065
salmonella meningitis in children.		1985	3914970
characterization of r-plasmids coding for ampicillin resistance in salmonella typhi-murium.	eight salmonella typhi-murium strains coding resistance to ampicillin were chosen from 38 strains isolated in different counties of hungary in 1981, and their plasmids were characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis. incompatibility groups and molecular weights of transferable r-plasmids coding resistance to ampicillin were determined and restriction enzyme analyses were done. the studies showed that among r-plasmids coding for ampicillin resistance in s. typhi-murium strains inci alpha group ...	1985	3915175
prevalence of salmonella infections in himachal pradesh.		1985	3915308
[recognition and treatment of typhoid fever].		1985	3920540
[role of the l form in the persistence of pathogenic bacteria].		1985	3922153
mouse chromosome 1 ity locus regulates microbicidal activity of isolated peritoneal macrophages against a diverse group of intracellular and extracellular bacteria.	the genotype of a mouse influences whether or not it will survive infection with the agent of murine typhoid, salmonella typhimurium. the best-characterized murine salmonella response gene is a chromosome 1 locus designated ity. inbred strains of mice that express the itys allele are unable to contain the net growth of salmonella typhimurium within their spleens and livers, and usually die early in the infection. by contrast, mice homozygous or heterozygous for the ityr allele are able to contro ...	1985	3923111
protection against fatal pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis by immunization with smooth and rough lipopolysaccharides.	the protective capacity of various native and mutant lipopolysaccharide antigens against fatal pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound sepsis was evaluated. immunization with o-polysaccharide-deficient lipopolysaccharides derived from escherichia coli j5 or salmonella typhi ty 21a afforded substantial protection against only one of five pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge strains of various serotypes. immunization with both lipopolysaccharide antigens evoked antibody of the immunoglobulin g class which r ...	1985	3924605
activation of monocyte-mediated tumoricidal activity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	the purpose of these studies was to determine whether peripheral blood monocytes from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients with kaposi's sarcoma could be activated to lyse human tumor target cells in vitro. monocytes were isolated and incubated for 24 hours in vitro with either medium (control), a crude mitogen-induced lymphokine preparation (maf), or endotoxin before the addition of [125i]iudr-labeled a375 melanoma target cells. cytolysis was determined 72 hours later. twelve (100 ...	1985	3926955
the diagnostic utility of the febrile agglutinin tests.	the purpose of our study was to analyze the use of febrile agglutinin (fa) serologic tests in the diagnosis of salmonella (typhi and paratyphi), rickettsia, brucella, and francisella infections. data were collected in a retrospective chart study of 202 titer requests covering a 42-month period at our teaching hospital. we found that no diagnoses were made by utilizing complete six-antigen fa panels. three cases of infection were diagnosed serologically, all three with more discriminately selecte ...	1985	3927019
in vitro pyocin activity of pseudomonas aeruginosa strains pretreated with antibiotics.	fifty-six selected strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa belonging to 8 different pyocin types (h, i, 15, 6, pti-1, pti-2, pti-3, pti-4) were treated with subinhibitory concentrations (mic/2) of either gentamicin or carbenicillin. both treatments induced changes in pyocin patterns for all types but at different levels. the percentage of strains that retained their pyocin pattern were more or less equal in both treatments. in treated and untreated producers, the growth inhibition ability for 5 differ ...	1985	3928466
induction of stable l-forms of salmonella typhi and listeria monocytogenes.	stable l-forms of salmonella typhi and listeria monocytogenes were produced using penicillin (4500 units/ml) as inducer, and sucrose, normal horse serum and mg++ as stabilizers. stable l-forms were produced after 100 and 56 passages, then adapted to grow and multiply in a medium free of inducer and stabilizers so that they did not revert to parental forms even after 12 continuous passages.	1985	3929554
natural anti-bacterial activity against salmonella typhi by human t4+ lymphocytes armed with iga antibodies.	peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal volunteers possess natural anti-bacterial (na) activity against s. typhi that can be measured in a 2-hr in vitro assay. employing fractionation on nylon wool columns, percoll gradients, plastic adherence, and e rosetting, the effector cell of na activity appeared to be a lymphocyte of the t lineage rather than a macrophage, a b lymphocyte, or a large granular cell. moreover, complement-dependent killing with monoclonal antibodies such as okm1, okb7, ...	1985	3934277
improvement of the indirect hemagglutination assay for salmonella typhi vi antibodies by use of glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes.	glutaraldehyde-fixed sheep erythrocytes sensitized with vi antigen were shown to be usable for at least 1 year in the indirect hemagglutination assay for vi antibodies. the use of fixed sensitized erythrocytes improves the practicality of the indirect hemagglutination assay by (i) eliminating the need to sensitize cells each time the test is performed; (ii) reducing waste of the purified vi antigen; and (iii) reducing test-to-test variation.	1985	3935664
[clinical evaluation of a ticarcillin-clavulanic acid combination in severe infections in adults].	timentin (ticarcillin (tcr) + clavulanic acid (ac)) was given for severe bacterial infections to sixteen hospitalized patients (10 male and 6 female; 16 to 75 years of age; normal renal function in 12). infections included 8 septicemias (of which 4 were secondary to pyelonephritis), 6 pyelonephritis (in addition to the four above-mentioned cases), and 3 suppurated cellulitis of the lower limbs (with septicemia in one case). the following bacteria were recovered: 10 escherichia coli, 1 pseudomona ...	1985	3937132
coagglutination for diagnosis of enteric fever.		1985	3938774
plasmid-mediated resistance to multiple antibiotics in salmonella typhi.	two hundred forty-one strains of salmonella typhii isolated in lima, peru, from october 1981 through february 1983 were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. seventy-two strains (29.9%) were resistant to chloramphenicol and other antibiotics, including ampicillin, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim. the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 17 antimicrobial agents were determined for all of these chloramphenicol-resistant strains. sch 25393, new beta-lactams, new quinolones, and the form ...	1986	3944481
cross-reactions in cell mediated immunity induced by atypical mycobacteria.	cross-reactivity in the delayed hypersensitivity response to mycobacteria of different runyon groups was tested in swiss white mice immunised with live mycobacteria. all the strains tested gave cross-reactions and, generally, slow growers gave stronger cross-reactions with other slow growers than with rapid growers and vice versa. sonicates of cross-reacting mycobacteria were also tested for their ability to generate activated macrophages in mice immunised with mycobacterium avium. all the mycob ...	1986	3950961
[the effect of cosmo-helio-geophysical factors on the agglutination of bacteria in vitro].	a correlation between intensity of neutronal component of cosmic rays and typhoid bacteria agglutination was revealed. agglutination speed dependence on season, polarity of interplanetary magnetic field, geomagnetic storms, sun's revolution was shown. an assumption is made about an important role of the magnetic fields in the phenomena observed.	1986	3955096
the widal slide agglutination test, a valuable rapid diagnostic test in typhoid fever patients at the infectious diseases hospital of jakarta.	the widal slide agglutination test was evaluated as a rapid diagnostic test in typhoid fever patients at the infectious diseases hospital, jakarta, indonesia from 1980-1982. the results of the test can be available within 45 minutes of patient admission. the study showed that, among 229 patients with salmonella typhi-positive typhoid fever and 179 control fever patients, when the widal o antibody titer was greater than or equal to 1:20 the sensitivity was 53%, the specificity 98%, the positive p ...	1986	3962968
fever and survival in aged mice after endotoxin challenge.	male c57bl/6 mice of 12, 19, and 24 months of age received injections of low (25 micrograms 100 g-1 body weight) or high (50 micrograms 100 g-1 body weight) doses of salmonella typhosa endotoxin and were exposed to ambient temperatures below (24 degrees c) or within (30 degrees c) the thermoneutral zone. old mice (19 and 24 months) developed initial fevers followed by hypothermia in response to endotoxin challenge at 24 degrees c, irrespective of dose; 12-month-old-mice became hypothermic at 24 ...	1985	3965557
leads from the mmwr. human salmonella isolates--united states, 1983.		1985	3965781
phagocytosis by human leukocytes, phagosomal ph and degradation of seven species of bacteria measured by flow cytometry.	phagocytosis by human leukocytes, phagosomal ph and degradation of seven species of bacteria were studied by a flow cytometric method. the percentage of phagocytosing leukocytes was similar for all bacterial strains examined, but salmonella typhi and neisseria meningitidis were more slowly phagocytosed than other bacteria. the phagosomal ph surrounding the different bacterial species 15 min after the start of phagocytosis were: streptococcus pneumoniae 4.4; n. meningitidis 4.9; str. pyogenes 5.1 ...	1985	3968704
[osteomyelitis caused by initially unrecognized salmonella typhi].		1985	3982543
[a family with typhoid].		1985	3982546
effect of bacterial endotoxin on the transmembrane electrical potential and plasma membrane fluidity of human monocytes.	in order to gain insight into the physical interaction between bacterial endotoxins and the surface of human monocytes, we investigated the effects of salmonella typhi endotoxin and lipid a on two functional properties of the plasma membrane of these cells: (1) the transmembrane electrical potential and (2) the fluidity of the lipid bilayer. using the fluorescent lipophilic cationic probe 3,3'-dipropylthiodicarbocyanine (di-s-c3(5] to monitor the transmembrane electrical potential, we found that ...	1985	3986196
[digestive manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids): study in 26 patients].	we studied the gastrointestinal manifestations in 26 cases of aids. the patients belonged to two different epidemiological groups: the first group included thirteen french homosexual men, the second group included 6 haitians, 6 africans and a pakistanian, none of them admit homosexual activity. the clinical manifestations were: chronic watery diarrhea in 17 cases, bloody diarrhea in 2 cases; loss of weight in the 26 cases; dysphagia in five cases; jaundice in one patient (due to kaposi sarcoma o ...	1985	3996815
gastric acid secretion in patients with typhoid fever.	gastric secretory studies were carried out in the following groups of patients: group a, 30 salmonella typhi positive enteric patients, group b, 15 non-enteric fever patients and group c, 20 healthy controls. patients with typhoid were divided into two subgroups on the basis of the severity of the disease: group a1 (17) consisted of uncomplicated cases of enteric fever and group a2 (13) comprised of those who had associated complications. during convalescence both groups of typhoid patients show ...	1985	3996939
diarrhea associated with typhoid fever.	to study the pathogenesis of diarrhea occurring with typhoid fever, we selected 42 patients with diarrhea and blood cultures positive for salmonella typhi or salmonella paratyphi a, but without diarrheal copathogens, for measurement of stool output and examination of fecal composition. the mean duration of fever before hospitalization was 9.5 days, and the mean duration of diarrhea was 5.8 days. all patients passed liquid stool on their first day in the hospital, ranging in volume from 4 to 172 ...	1985	3998508
[properties of 2 gal+ derivatives of the vaccine mutant gal e ty21a strain of salmonella typhi].		1985	4005022
coagglutination and counter immunoelectrophoresis in the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever.	the efficacy of two methods--coagglutination (coag) and counter immunoelectrophoresis (cie)--in the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever was studied in parallel with blood and clot cultures on 114 clinically suspected cases. retrospective analysis showed that only 58 eventually were discharged and had typhoid fever. antigen detection on their sera was done by both methods, concomitant with antigen detection on culture supernates by cie. sera from 50 controls were subjected to both tests. agglutinati ...	1985	4014078
inefficacy of the commercial live oral ty 21a vaccine in the prevention of typhoid fever.	the efficacy of the live oral typhoid fever vaccine ty 21a marketed in switzerland in 1981 was investigated. forty-seven swiss travellers to third world countries contracted typhoid fever in 1982 and 1983; 20 (43%) of these persons had been vaccinated with ty 21a. the incidence of typhoid fever in vaccinees was 1.1 per 10,000 doses of ty 21a vaccine sold, which was similar to the incidence of 0.9 per 10,000 doses for the ineffective killed ty 2 vaccine. comparison of the incidence of vaccination ...	1985	4018068
spontaneous adherence of salmonella typhosa to human peripheral blood lymphocytes in typhoid fever.		1985	4030110
[formation of cells secreting antigen-dependent nonspecific immunoglobulins during immunization of mice with 2 t-independent antigens].	immunization of balb/c and c3h/a mice with t-independent antigens (vi-antigen of salmonella typhi and polyvinyl pyrrolidone pvp350) induces the appearance of both antibody-forming cells (afc) and a sharp increase in the number of cells forming nonspecific immunoglobulins (nifc). this effect is not related to mitogenic properties of the antigens. the number of nifc formed after simultaneous injection of both t-independent antigens does not differ from that of nifc formed during immunization with ...	1985	4052615
effect of l-glutamine on immune response in rabbit--a preliminary report.		1985	4055018
[in vivo experimental modelling of the infectious process caused by stable l forms of the causative agent of typhoid].	to simulate the infectious process and to study the persistence of l-forms, rabbits and guinea pigs were infected with s. typhi stable l-forms. the materials presented in this work indicate that both subconjunctival and intraperitoneal infection led to the development of the clinically indistinct, but morphologically pronounced pathological process with characteristic localization and typical changes in the gastrointestinal tract. the typical features of the process were the generalized immunomo ...	1985	4060947
[adsorption of vi antigen on human erythrocytes].	the accumulation of vi-antigen in the human body was studied with the use of such characteristic as the specific adsorption capacity of red blood cells. this parameter was shown to depend on the phenotype in the abo blood group system. in cases of typhoid fever an increase in the adsorption capacity of red blood cells was observed at the acute period of the disease. these changes were particularly manifest in patients belonging to groups o and a. the authors suggest that the adsorption of the an ...	1985	4072494
ceftriaxone therapy in bacteremic typhoid fever.	the efficacy and safety of ceftriaxone in the treatment of bacteremic typhoid fever was studied in 14 patients. ceftriaxone at a dosage of 50 to 60 mg/kg per day was administered intravenously in two divided doses in 13 patients and as a single dose in 1 patient. when the two patients with medical complications causing persistent fever and the patient who was febrile during therapy were excluded from the calculations, the mean period of defervescence was 4 days. five to eight days of ceftriaxone ...	1985	4073877
the value of the widal test in the diagnosis of prolonged septicemic salmonellosis.		1985	4089458
[methods of phage typing].		1985	4091618
pathogenesis of typhoid fever.		1985	4093170
antibody responses to heat-killed, phenol preserved parenteral typhoid vaccine.	the heat-killed, phenolized parenteral typhoid vaccine was tested in informed volunteers. assessment for its immunogenicity was performed using widal test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the anti-h antibody, which is a marker of the vaccine antigenicity peaked at one month after the vaccination and appeared throughout the one year course of the study. the anti-o antibody peaked at 7th day after vaccination and lasted only for 6 months. classes of specific antibodies were determine ...	1985	4095599
[gastrointestinal manifestations of aids].	we studied 26 cases of digestive manifestation in aids. the 26 patients were divided into two different epidemiological groups: 13 homosexual men, constituted the first group; no homosexual patient was in the second group which included 6 haitians, 6 africans and a pakistanian. the clinical manifestation were: a watery chronical diarrhea in 17 cases a bloody diarrhea in 2 cases; a loss of weight in the 26 cases; a dysphagia in five cases; a jaundice in one patient (due to kaposi sarcoma of the a ...	1985	4096504
passive mouse and chick embryo protection with serum of rabbits immunized with ribosomal extract from salmonella typhi.		1985	4096633
phylogeny of hypersensitivity. i. anaphylactic responsiveness of the frog, rana pipiens.		1971	4100892
[changes in immunoglobulins following administration of a bacterial protein hydrolysate in patients with salmonella typhi infections].		1970	4104401
phylogeny of immunoglobulins. characterization of a 14s immunoglobulin from the gar, lepisosteus osseus.		1971	4104936
immunologic and anatomic consequences of calf thymosin injection in rats.		1970	4108780
antigen-binding myeloma proteins in mice.		1971	4109640
[antibody distribution in commercial gamma globulin preparations].		1971	4110114
[distribution of arginase in bacteria].		1971	4110733
antibiotic sensitivity changes in enteric pathogens isolated in central plateau of iran (a nine year report).		1972	4111395
antihistamine-induced reduction of eosinophilic and antibody response to salmonella typhi o vaccine in guinea pigs.		1972	4111996
sex differences in the immunologic and phlogistic responses to salmonella typhosa h antigen in the albino rat.		1972	4113354
antibody formation by the syrian hamster to particulate and soluble antigens.		1972	4113395
activation of complement by endotoxin: a role for 2 globulin, c1, c4 and c2 in the consumption of terminal complement components by endotoxin-coated erythrocytes.		1972	4114826