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purification and properties of an nadph-aldose reductase (aldehyde reductase) from euonymus japonica leaves.the enzyme aldose (aldehyde) reductase was partially purified (142-fold) and characterized from euonymus japonica leaves. the reductase, a dimer, had an average molecular weight of 67,000 as determined by gel filtration on sephadex g-100. the enzyme was nadph specific and reduced a broad range of substrates including aldoses, aliphatic aldehydes, and aromatic aldehydes. maximum activity was observed at ph 8 in phosphate and tris-hcl buffers and at ph 8.6 to 9.0 in glycine-naoh buffer using dl-gl ...198616664750
a new sesquiterpene ester from celastrus orbiculatus reversing multidrug resistance in cancer cells.in a search for revertants of multidrug-resistance in cancer cells, a novel (1) and two known (2,3) sesquiterpene esters were isolated from the root of celastrus orbiculatus. the structure of 1 was elucidated as 1 beta,2 beta-diacetoxy-6 alpha,9 alpha-bis(benzoyloxy)dihydro-beta-agarofuran. compounds 1-3 partially or completely reversed resistance to adriamycin, vinblastine, and paclitaxel of multidrug-resistant kb-v1 and mcf7/adr cells.19989461657
sesquiterpene esters from celastrus orbiculatus and their structure-activity relationship on the modulation of multidrug resistance.six new (1-6) and three known (7-9) sesquiterpene esters were isolated from the roots of celastrus orbiculatus. the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 1beta-acetoxy-6alpha-furoyloxy-9alpha-benzoyl oxydihydro-beta-agarofur an (1), 1beta-acetoxy-6alpha-benzoyloxy-9alpha-furoyloxydih ydro-beta-agarofur an (2), 1beta-acetoxy-6alpha, 9alpha-difuroyloxydihydro-beta-agarofuran (3), 1beta, 2beta-diacetoxy-6alpha-furoyloxy-9alpha-benzo yloxydihydro-beta-agarof uran (4), 1beta-acetoxy-2bet ...199910346948
(-)-epiafzelechin: cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent from aerial parts of celastrus orbiculatus.an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (cox)-1 activity of prostaglandin h2 synthase was isolated from aerial parts of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (celastraceae), an oriental folk medicine for rheumatoid arthritis by activity-guided column chromatographic methods. the cox inhibitor was identified as (-)-epiafzelechin, a member of flavan-3-ols by the structural analysis with hr-ei-mass, 1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectral data. the compound exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition on the cox activity with an ic50 ...199910418338
root pressure and specific conductivity in temperate lianas: exotic celastrus orbiculatus (celastraceae) vs. native vitis riparia (vitaceae).the exotic temperate liana (woody vine) celastrus orbiculatus has become a weed in michigan, occurring in many of the same habitats as the native liana vitis riparia. however, c. orbiculatus frequently develops into extensive monospecific infestations, while v. riparia does not. freezing-induced embolism may be responsible for limiting liana distribution. root pressure has been observed in numerous tropical lianas and temperate species of vitis and has been implicated as vital to the recovery of ...200010991898
antioxidant benzoylated flavan-3-ol glycoside from celastrus orbiculatus.a new flavan-3-ol glycoside, (-)-epicatechin-5-o-beta-d-glucosyl-3-benzoate (1), and two known compounds, (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epiafzelechin, were isolated from an etoac extract of celastrus orbiculatus aerial parts that exhibited significant antioxidant effect in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free radical assay. the structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, and compound 1 and its aglycon, (-)-epicatechin-3-benzoate (2), were found to be moderately active as antioxidan ...200111170672
antiinflammatory constituents of celastrus orbiculatus inhibit the nf-kappab activation and no production.two new sesquiterpene esters, 1beta,8beta-diacetoxyl-6alpha,9alpha-difuroyloxydihydro-beta-agarofuran (1) and 1beta-acetoxyl-2beta,6alpha,9alpha-trifuroyloxydihydro-beta-agarofuran (2), together with four known sesquiterpene esters (3-6), celastrol (7), and celaphanol a (8) were isolated from the roots of celastrus orbiculatus in a search for inhibitors of nf-kappab activation and nitric oxide production. compound 7 was the most active, while compounds 1, 2, 4, and 8 showed moderate inhibition i ...200211809076
a new sesquiterpene ester from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus thunb., a new dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene ester named 6alpha,13[beta-diacetoxy-1beta,8beta,9beta-tribenzoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (1) has been isolated, along with three known compounds: 1beta,6alpha,8beta-triacetoxy-9alpha-benzoyloxy-beta-agarofuran (2), 1beta,6alpha-diacetoxy-9alpha-benzoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (3) and beta-sitostrol (4). the structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods.200312931853
sesquiterpene esters from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.three new beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene esters, 6 alpha-acetoxy-9 beta-benzoyloxy-1 beta-cinnamoyloxy-8 beta-butanoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (1), 6 alpha-acetoxy-9 beta-benzoyloxy-1 beta-cinnamoyloxy-8 beta-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)-beta-dihydroagarofuran (2), and 6 alpha-acetoxy-1 beta,8 beta-dibenzoyloxy-9 beta-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (6), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. their structures were elucidated on the ...200415340205
preparative isolation and purification of celastrol from celastrus orbiculatus thunb. by a new counter-current chromatography method with an upright coil planet centrifuge.a new counter-current chromatography (ccc) method with an upright coil planet centrifuge, which holds four identical multilayer coil columns in the symmetrical positions around the centrifuge axis, was applied to the isolation and purification of celastrol from the roots of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. the crude celastrol was obtained by elution with light petroleum from ethanol extracts using 15 cm x 5 cm i.d. silica gel flash chromatography. preparative ccc with a two-phase system composed of ...200414969291
a new alkaloid from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus, a new alkaloid 3-oxo-4-benzyl-3, 4-dihydro-1h-pyrrolo [2, 1-c] oxazine-6-methylal (1), was isolated. the structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods.200515752648
a new sesquiterpene ester from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. a new beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene ester named 1beta,2beta,13-triacetoxy-9alpha-cinnamoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (1) has been isolated along with two known compounds, 6alpha-acetoxy-1beta,9beta-dibenzoyloxy-8beta-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (2), and 1beta, 6alpha-diacetoxy-9beta-benzoyloxy-8beta-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (3). their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data.200515621619
differential responses of invasive celastrus orbiculatus (celastraceae) and native c. scandens to changes in light quality.when plants are subjected to leaf canopy shade in forest understories or from neighboring plants, they not only experience reduced light quantity, but light quality in lowered red : far red light (r : fr). growth and other developmental responses of plants in reduced r : fr can vary and are not consistent across species. we compared how an invasive liana, celastrus orbiculatus, and its closely related native congener, c. scandens, responded to changes in the r : fr under controlled, simulated un ...200621642161
a new sesquiterpene ester inhibiting no production from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.a new beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene ester, 1beta,2beta,6alpha, 13-tetraacetoxy-9alpha-cinnamoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (1), and the known compound 1beta,6alpha,13-triacetoxy-9alpha-benzoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (2), have been isolated from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. their structures have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. compound 1 shows moderate activity of inhibiting lps-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophage raw264.7 cells, with ...200617145663
inhibition of nf-kappa b activation through targeting i kappa b kinase by celastrol, a quinone methide triterpenoid.celastrol, a quinone methide triterpenoid, was isolated as an inhibitor of nf-kappab from celastrus orbiculatus. this compound dose-dependently inhibited a variety of stimuli-induced nf-kappa b-regulated gene expression and the dna-binding of nf-kappa b in different cell lines without affecting dna-binding activity of ap-1. preincubation of celastrol completely blocked the lps-, tnf-alpha-, or pma-induced degradation and phosphorylation of i kappa b alpha. importantly, celastrol inhibited ikk ac ...200616984800
[experimental study on anti-tumor effect of extractive from celastrus orbiculatus in vivo].to study the anti-tumor activity of extractive from celastrus orbiculatus in vivo.200617144469
comparative performance of invasive and native celastrus species across environmental gradients.the ability to understand and predict the success of invasive plant species in their new ranges is increased when there is a sympatric native congener available for comparison. celastrus orbiculatus (oriental bittersweet) is a liana introduced into the united states in the mid-1800s from east asia as an ornamental plant. its native congener, celastrus scandens (american bittersweet), ranges from the east coast of the united states as far west as wyoming. in the northeastern united states, c. orb ...200717724616
cytotoxic beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.assay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of nine beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus. all isolated beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenoids were tested for their cytotoxic activity against human melanoma a375-s2 and human cervical carcinoma hela cell lines. among them, compounds 1-5 and 7 showed cytotoxic activity. compound 3 exhibited promising cytotoxicity against both human melanoma a375-s2 and human cervical carcinoma hela cell lines. the st ...200818810994
cytotoxic dihydroagarofuranoid sesquiterpenes from the seeds of celastrus orbiculatus.a chemical study on the seeds of celastrus orbiculatus has led to the isolation of nine new (1- 9) and 13 known dihydro-beta-agarofuran derivatives. the identification and structural elucidation of the new compounds were based on spectroscopic data analysis, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1- 6, 8-10, and 16, as well as derivatives 2a and 6a, were determined by cd studies or by chemical methods. all compounds isolated were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against hl-60 human leukemi ...200818507472
cytotoxic sesquiterpenoids from the ethanol extract of fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.to investigate the cytotoxic compounds against human melanoma a375-s2 and human cervical carcinoma hela cell lines from the fruits of celastrus orbiculatus.200818337031
[effects of exogenous spermidine and spermine on celastrus orbiculatus antioxidant system under soil nahco3 stress].this paper studied the effects of foliar spraying spermidine and spermine on the leaf antioxidant system of celastrus orbiculatus under soil nahco3 stress. the results showed that under the stress, spraying spermidine and spermine could significantly decrease the leaf o2-* production rate, h2o2 and mda contents, and electrolyte leakage of c. orbiculatus (p < 0.05). spraying spermidine increased the leaf sod, cat, pod and apx activities and gsh, car and pro contents obviously, but had no effect o ...200919637590
multivariate forecasts of potential distributions of invasive plant species.the fact that plant invasions are an ongoing process makes generalizations of invasive spread extraordinarily challenging. this is particularly true given the idiosyncratic nature of invasions, in which both historical and local conditions affect establishment success and hinder our ability to generate guidelines for early detection and eradication of invasive species. to overcome these limitations we have implemented a comprehensive approach that examines plant invasions at three spatial scales ...200919323195
hierarchical models facilitate spatial analysis of large data sets: a case study on invasive plant species in the northeastern united states.many critical ecological issues require the analysis of large spatial point data sets - for example, modelling species distributions, abundance and spread from survey data. but modelling spatial relationships, especially in large point data sets, presents major computational challenges. we use a novel bayesian hierarchical statistical approach, 'spatial predictive process' modelling, to predict the distribution of a major invasive plant species, celastrus orbiculatus, in the northeastern usa. th ...200919143826
[study of tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch and celastrus orbiculatus thunb by ftir spectrum].the ftir spectra of tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch (thh) and celastrus orbiculatus thunb were studied. the result shows that the two herbs have different ratio of main substance calcium oxalate and dulcitol, so their absorption frequency and form are different as well. in addition, there is an obvious difference between celastrus orbiculatus stem and root, and both the peak forms of calcium oxalate and dulcitol in the ftir spectra of roots are sharper and stronger than those of stems. therefore ...200919445193
sterically hindered carotenoids with 3z, 5z configuration from the seeds of oriental bitter sweet, celastrus orbiculatus.sterically hindered cis-carotenoids 1 and 2 were isolated from seeds of the oriental bitter sweet, celastrus orbiculatus. their structures were determined to be (3'z, 5'z)-celaxanthin and (3'z, 5'z)-torulene, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data and iodine-catalyzed stereomutation. this is the first report on carotenoids with a 3z, 5z configuration.200919467553
developing dynamic mechanistic species distribution models: predicting bird-mediated spread of invasive plants across northeastern north america.species distribution models are a fundamental tool in ecology, conservation biology, and biogeography and typically identify potential species distributions using static phenomenological models. we demonstrate the importance of complementing these popular models with spatially explicit, dynamic mechanistic models that link potential and realized distributions. we develop general grid-based, pattern-oriented spread models incorporating three mechanisms--plant population growth, local dispersal, a ...201121670575
celastrol-induced apoptosis in human hacat keratinocytes involves the inhibition of nf-κb activity.psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 1-3% of the world's population. traditional chinese medicines have been extensively used for treating psoriasis with promising clinical results. celastrol, a triterpenoid isolated from a chinese herb celastrus orbiculatus caulis, has been known to have diverse pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and antioxidant activities. the present study aimed at evaluating the anti-proliferative action of celastrol on cultu ...201121951963
antinociceptive and hypnotic properties of celastrus orbiculatus.ethnopharmacological relevance: celastrus orbiculatus, a woody vine of the celastraceae family, has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and odontalgia. in this study, we assessed the sedative and antinociceptive activities of the methanolic extract of celastrus orbiculatus (mco). materials and methods: the antinociceptive effect of mco was evaluated using several experimental pain models, including thermal nociception meth ...201121821110
celastrus orbiculatus extract inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway and shows potent antitumor activity in hepatocarcinomas in vitro and in vivo.objective: celastrus orbiculatus thunb. has been used for thousands of years in china as a remedy against cancer and inflammatory diseases. this study aims to investigate whether c. orbiculatus extract (coe) could inhibit angiogenesis, which is the pivotal step in tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. methods: in this study, the extract from the stem of c. orbiculatus was used. mouse hepatic carcinoma cells (hepa1-6) were treated with coe in different nontoxic concentrations (10, 20, 40, 8 ...201121805294
[effects of extreme drought on plant species in karst area of guizhou province, southwest china].based on the investigation data of damaged vegetations in karst areas of guizhou province during the extreme drought in 2010, an investigation was made on the species composition, floristic composition, life form, leaf characteristics, and environmental conditions of drought-damaged plants at six sampling plots. at these plots, there were 31 plant species drought-damaged, among which, cunninghamia lanceolata, celastrus orbiculatus, rapanea neriifolia, myrsine semiserrata, cyclobalanopsis glauca, ...201121812284
[acetoacetate extract from celastrus orbiculatus thunb inhibits growth of rfp-xenografted human liver carcinoma].to investigate the inhibitory effect of acetoacetate extract from celastrus orbiculatus thumb (cot) on the growth of red fluorescent protein (rfp)-xenografted human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in a nude mouse model. human hcc hepg2 cells were transduced with rfp and inoculated into the liver of balb/c nude mice. the tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (g1), oxaliplatin positive control group (g2; 25 mg/kg), cot low-dose group (g3; 20 mg/kg), cot high-dose ...201222971285
celastrus orbiculatus extract induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.to investigate the apoptotic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of celastrus orbiculatus (c. orbiculatus) extract in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.201223427399
efficacy of the chinese traditional medicinal herb celastrus orbiculatus thunb on human hepatocellular carcinoma in an orthothopic fluorescent nude mouse model.this study aimed to explore the inhibitory effect of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (cot) on tumor growth, metastasis and antiogenesis of hepatocelluar carcinoma (hcc) in an orthotopic nude mouse model using fluorescence imaging technology. human hcc hep-g2 cells expressing red fluorescent protein (rfp) were orthotopically implanted onto the liver of nude mice. one group of mice was treated with ethyl acetate extract of cot p.o. at a dose of 20 mg/kg starting on day 3 post-tumor implantation (earl ...201222493351
sesquiterpenes inhibiting no production from celastrus orbiculatus.two new (1 and 2) and one known (3) β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenes were isolated from the fruits of celastrus orbicultus thunb. their structures were elucidated as 1β,13-diacetoxy-8β,9β-dibenzoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran (1), 1β,13-diacetoxy-8α-hydroxy-9β-benzoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran (2), and 1β,6α,13-triacetoxy-9α-benzoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran (3), on the basis of spectroscopic data analyses. all the compounds exhibited inhibitory effects on lps-induced nitric oxide production in murine mi ...201222245086
terpenoids from root bark of celastrus orbiculatus.phytochemical investigation of root bark of celastrusorbiculatus afforded 10 terpenoids and eight known compounds. their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. celastrol and its dimers and adducts displayed moderate inhibitory activity against t cell proliferation. the reaction of celastrol under acidic conditions was undertaken, and a mechanism is presented, which may help towards modification of its structure and elucidation of the biogenetic routes to ...201222206928
(m)- and (p)-bicelaphanol a, dimeric trinorditerpenes with promising neuroprotective activity from celastrus orbiculatus.(m)-bicelaphanol a (1) and (p)-bicelaphanol a (2), two unprecedented dimeric trinorditerpenes existing as atropisomers, together with their monomer celaphanol a (3), were isolated from the root bark of celastrus orbiculatus. the structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic and single-crystal x-ray diffraction analyses. compound 1 exhibited a significant in vitro neuroprotective effect against a hydrogen peroxide-induced cell viability decrease in pc12 cells ...201323421714
promising effects on ameliorating mitochondrial function and enhancing akt signaling in sh-sy5y cells by (m)-bicelaphanol a, a novel dimeric podocarpane type trinorditerpene isolated from celastrus orbiculatus.oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathological processes of various neurodegenerative diseases. in this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of (m)-bicelaphanol a, which has been the first dimeric podocarpane type trinorditerpene isolated from celastrus orbiculatus, against hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)-induced injury in human sh-sy5y neuroblastoma cells. our study showed that cells pretreated with (m)-bicelaphanol a significantly attenuated h2o2-induced cell viability red ...201323746757
[chemical constituents of roots of celastrus orbiculatus].to study the chemical constitutes of roots of celastrus orbiculatus.201324134003
celastrus orbiculatus thunb. ameliorates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in guinea pigs.celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (cot) is a traditional chinese herb. in this study, an experiment was designed to investigate the potential protective effect of cot on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) induced by high fat diet and to explore the underlying mechanisms. we established a guinea pig model of nafld and treated the animals with three doses of cot or 20 mg/kg/d simvastatin (a positive control drug) for 8 weeks. h&e staining of liver tissue sections indicated tha ...201324273892
celastrus orbiculatus thunb. decreases athero-susceptibility in lipoproteins and the aorta of guinea pigs fed high fat diet.celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (cot), a traditional chinese herb, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. in this study, we examined the protective effect of cot on the initiation of atherosclerosis induced by high fat diet and explored the underlying mechanisms. we established guinea pig models of hyperlipidemia and treated them with three dosages of cot or 20 mg/kg/d simvastatin (a positive control drug) for 8 weeks. plasma lipid analysis indicated that cot decreased total cholester ...201323479186
wild food plants and wild edible fungi in two valleys of the qinling mountains (shaanxi, central china).the aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of wild food plants in two mountain valleys separated by mount taibai--the highest peak of northern china and one of its biodiversity hotspots, each adjacent to species-rich temperate forest vegetation.201323587149
extracts of celastrus orbiculatus exhibit anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.to assess the effect of celastrus orbiculatus (coe) on growth, invasion and migration of human gastric cancer mgc-803 cells and to explore the possible mechanism.201425382615
research on the efficacy of celastrus orbiculatus in suppressing tgf-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting hsp27 and tnf-α-induced nf-κ b/snail signaling pathway in human gastric adenocarcinoma.celastrus orbiculatus has been used as a folk medicine in china for the treatment of many diseases. in the laboratory, the ethyl acetate extract of celastrus orbiculatus (coe) displays a wide range of anticancer functions. however, the inhibition of the metastasis mechanism of coe in gastric cancer cells has not been investigated so far.201425370696
[chemical constituents in hypoglycemic active fraction of celastrus orbiculatus leaf].to study the chemical constituents in the hypoglycemic active fraction of celastrus orbiculatus leaf.201425470967
isolation and characterization of sesquiterpenes from celastrus orbiculatus and their antifungal activities against phytopathogenic fungi.celastrus orbiculatus is an insecticidal plant belonging to the celastraceae family. in this survey on the secondary metabolites of plants for obtaining bioactive substances to serve agriculture, the chemical constituents of the fruits of c. orbiculatus were investigated. this phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation of nine new and one known sesquiterpene. their structures, especially the complicated stereochemical features, were elucidated on the basis of extensive nmr spectroscop ...201425331421
anti-invasive effects of celastrus orbiculatus extract on interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha combination-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes.invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (flss) is critical in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). the metalloproteinases (mmps) and activator of nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb) pathway play a critical role in ra-fls invasion induced by interleukin-1 beta (il-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α). the present study aimed to explore the anti-invasive activity and mechanism of celastrus orbiculatus extract (coe) on il-1β and tnf-α combination-stimulated human ra-flss.201424552146
[chemical constituents in hypoglycemic active fraction of celastrus orbiculatus leaf].to study the chemical constituents in the hypoglycemic active fraction of celastrus orbiculatus leaf.201425508594
antimetastatic effects of celastrus orbiculatus on human gastric adenocarcinoma by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and nf-κb/snail signaling pathway.celastrus orbiculatus has been used as a folk medicine in china for the treatment of many diseases. in the laboratory, the ethyl acetate extract of celastrus orbiculatus (coe) displays a wide range of anticancer functions. however, the inhibition of the metastasis mechanism of coe in gastric cancer cells has not been investigated so far. the present study was undertaken to determine if the antimetastatic effects of coe were involved in inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) of ...201525722220
efficient estimation and prediction for the bayesian binary spatial model with flexible link functions.spatial generalized linear mixed models (sglmms) are popular models for spatial data with a non-gaussian response. binomial sglmms with logit or probit link functions are often used to model spatially dependent binomial random variables. it is known that for independent binomial data, the robit regression model provides a more robust (against extreme observations) alternative to the more popular logistic and probit models. in this article, we introduce a bayesian spatial robit model for spatiall ...201626331903
ultrasound-assisted extraction of pristimerin from celastrus orbiculatus using response surface methodology.this paper describes the ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae) of pristimerin from celastrus orbiculatus. methanol was the most effective for pristimerin extraction, followed by ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. to optimize the conditions, the box-behnken design, a widely used form of response surface methodology, was used to investigate the effects of parameters on uae. several variables, such as extraction time, ultrasonic power, extraction temperature, and solvent-to-solid (s/s) ra ...201626466608
celastrus orbiculatus extract inhibits the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma cells in vitro.gliomas are highly aggressive tumors of the nervous system, and current treatments fail to improve patient survival. to identify substances that can be used as treatments for gliomas, we examined the effect of celastrus orbiculatus extract (coe) on the invasion and migration of human glioblastoma u87 and u251 cells in vitro.201627716341
co-occurring nonnative woody shrubs have additive and non-additive soil legacies.to maximize limited conservation funds and prioritize management projects that are likely to succeed, accurate assessment of invasive nonnative species impacts is essential. a common challenge to prioritization is a limited knowledge of the difference between the impacts of a single nonnative species compared to the impacts of nonnative species when they co-occur, and in particular predicting when impacts of co-occurring nonnative species will be non-additive. understanding non-additivity is imp ...201627755688
celastrus orbiculatus thunb. reduces lipid accumulation by promoting reverse cholesterol transport in hyperlipidemic mice.previously, we found that celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (cot) decreases athero-susceptibility in lipoproteins and the aorta of guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet, and increases high-density lipoprotein (hdl). in the present study, we investigated the effect of cot in reducing lipid accumulation and promoting reverse cholesterol transport (rct) in vivo and vitro. healthy male mice were treated with high-fat diet alone, high-fat diet with cot (10.0 g/kg/d), or general fodder for 6 weeks. serum levels ...201627017606
elucidation of the intestinal absorption mechanism of celastrol using the caco-2 cell transwell model.celastrol, a triterpenoid isolated from stem (caulis) of celastrus orbiculatus thunb. (celastraceae), has been known to have various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. however, the mechanism of the intestinal absorption of celastrol is unknown. the aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal absorption of celastrol using the caco-2 cell transwell model. first, the bidirectional transport of celastrol in caco-2 cell monolayers was ...201627159672
caffeoyl triterpenoid esters as potential anti-ischemic stroke agents from celastrus orbiculatus.three new triterpenoids, celastrusins a-c (1-3), together with 3-o-caffeoyl-α-amyrin (4) were isolated from the root bark of celastrus orbiculatus. their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis, x-ray crystallography using cu kα radiation, and the comparison of both observed and reported spectroscopic data. an in vitro bioassay revealed that the caffeoyl triterpenoid esters 1, 3, and 4 possess neuroprotective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation (ogd) induced sh-sy5y cell dama ...201627791375
celastrus orbiculatus extract triggers apoptosis and autophagy via pi3k/akt/mtor inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells.celastrus orbiculatus is used as a folk medicine in china for the treatment of numerous diseases. the ethyl acetate extract of celastrus orbiculatus (coe) also displays a wide range of anti-cancer activities in the laboratory. however, the effectiveness of coe-induced autophagy and its mechanism of action in colorectal cancer cells have not been investigated thus far. the present study analyzed the effect of coe on ht-29 cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy using mtt assay, flow cytometry, tr ...201627895729
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