| thermal stability of catalases active in dormant saffron (crocus sativus l.) corms. | catalase activity was detected in crude extract prepared from dormant saffron (crocus sativus l.) corms. the activity was independent of ph in the range 6.0-11.0. thermostability studies suggested the presence of three isoenzymes with transition temperatures of 30 degrees c, 45 degrees c and 60 degrees c, respectively, as given by arrhenius plots. when stained for catalase activity gel electropherograms of extract revealed 3 distinct bands with apparent molecular weight of 323,000, 295,000 and 2 ... | 2002 | 12241041 |
| cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (crocus sativus l.). | since cancer is the most common cause of death in the world population, the possibility that readily available natural substances from plants, vegetables, herbs, and spices may be beneficial in the prevention of cancer warrants closer examination. saffron in filaments is the dried, dark red stigmata of crocus sativus l. flowers and it is used as a spice, food colorant, and a drug in medicine. a growing body of research has demonstrated that saffron extract itself and its main constituents, the c ... | 2002 | 11788779 |
| analytical method for buddleja colorants in foods. | buddleja yellow colorant derived from buddleja officinalis maxim. has recently been approved for use as a new kind of natural colorant for food additives in china. in order to distinguish buddleja yellow colorant from other yellow colorants, two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, acteoside (= verbascoside) and poliumoside, were isolated from the colorant as marker substances for buddleja yellow colorant. poliumoside has not been detected in b. officinalis maxim. previously. these phenylpropanoid ... | 2001 | 11486388 |
| chemical investigation of gamma-irradiated saffron (crocus sativus l.). | changes in aroma and coloring properties of saffron (crocus sativus) after gamma-irradiation at doses of 2.5 and 5 kgy (necessary for microbial decontamination) were investigated. the volatile essential oil constituents responsible for aroma of the spice were isolated by steam distillation and then subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). no significant qualitative changes were observed in these constituents upon irradiation, although a trained sensory panel could d ... | 2001 | 11262013 |
| a non-destructive method to determine the safranal content of saffron (crocus sativus l.) by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. | a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method to obtain selectively volatile compounds of saffron without sample destruction has been developed. the influence of both pressure and temperature was studied, 20 mpa and 100 degrees c being the best conditions to extract the total safranal content. a decrease in supercritical fluid density was shown to be a critical parameter for enhancing the extraction power of carbon dioxide. for all the assay conditions, the extracts mainly contained safranal ... | 2000 | 10869688 |
| antioxidant properties of crocin from gardenia jasminoides ellis and study of the reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen. | crocin-a water soluble carotenoid-is found in the fruits of gardenia (gardenia jasminoides ellis) and in the stigmas of saffron (crocus sativus linne). for crocin purification, gardenia fruits are extracted with 50% acetone, followed by ether washing, ion exchange, and separation by preparative hplc. purified crocin with purity of >99.6% has an antioxidative activity at concentrations up to 40 ppm. at 20 ppm the antioxidative activity of crocin is comparable to that of bha. the antioxidant prope ... | 2000 | 10820042 |
| effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long-term potentiation. | crocus sativus l., commonly known as saffron, is used in folk medicine for various purposes. modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that saffron extracts have antitumour effects, radical scavenger properties or hypolipaemic effects. among the constituents of saffron extract, crocetin is mainly responsible for these pharmacological activities. in addition, recent behavioural and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that saffron extract affects learning and memory in experiment ... | 2000 | 10815004 |
| flavonols from saffron flower: tyrosinase inhibitory activity and inhibition mechanism. | a common flavonol, kaempferol, isolated from the fresh flower petals of crocus sativus l. (iridaceae) was found to inhibit the oxidation of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) catalyzed by mushroom tyrosinase with an id(50) of 67 microgram/ml (0.23 mm). interestingly, its 3-o-glycoside derivatives did not inhibit this oxidation. the inhibition kinetics analyzed by a lineweaver-burk plot found kaempferol to be a competitive inhibitor, and this inhibitory activity presumably comes from its abili ... | 1999 | 10552777 |
| method to determine the authenticity of aroma of saffron (crocus sativus l.). | a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique was applied to 252 different spanish saffron samples (from la mancha and teruel). the average safranal content made up of 60% of the volatile fraction of the saffron. all the chromatograms obtained showed an interval between 8 and 18 min (retention time of safranal +/- 5 min) in which the silhouette of the chromatographic peaks was similar in all the samples. therefore this interval can be used as a "fingerprint." two examples a ... | 1998 | 9829199 |
| in vitro formation of crocetin glucosyl esters by crocus sativus callus extract. | callus extracts of crocus sativus exhibited the ability to transform all-trans-crocetin into its related glycosides between ph 7.0 and 7.6 in the presence of uridine-diphospho-glucose. the reactions involved the step-wise addition of a glucose moiety to a free carboxyl function and the 1-->6 addition of a glucose moiety to a glucosyl ester function. the kinetics of synthesis for each glycoside seemed to indicate that two distinct glucosyl transferases were implicated in the synthesis of crocin, ... | 1997 | 9140230 |
| notes on the saffron plant (crocus sativus,l.). | | 1995 | 11639738 |
| determination of saffron (crocus sativus l.) components in crude plant extract using high-performance liquid chromatography-uv-visible photodiode-array detection-mass spectrometry. | the determination of saffron components in crude plant extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography-uv-visible photodiode-array detection on-line with mass spectrometry is described. the method is shown to be suitable for the determination of picrocrocin, the glycosidic precursor of safranal, safranal and flavonoids; it is the technique of choice for the analysis of crocetin glycosides (crocins) carrying one up to five glucoses and differentiation of their trans and cis isomers. | 1995 | 7757208 |
| post-harvest degradation of carotenoid glucose esters in saffron. | it has been found that an indoor cultivation system of crocus sativus l. is more favorable with regard to the quality of saffron, as compared to the usual cultivation in an open field. carotenoid glucose esters increase from the period before blooming and reach the maximum in the full blooming period, and are sensitive for the presence of oxygen, light irradiation, and beta-glucosidase. moreover, it is evident that storage of saffron at -20 degrees c promotes the constant supply of saffron with ... | 1994 | 7997473 |
| inhibition of growth and induction of differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia (hl-60) by carotenoids from crocus sativus l. | the effects of carotenoids of crocus sativus l. (saffron) on cell proliferation and differentiation of hl-60 cells have been studied and compared with those of all-trans retinoic acid. our results demonstrated that the doses inducing 50% inhibition of cell growth were 0.12 microm for all-trans retinoic acid (atra) and for carotenoids of saffron 0.8 microm for dimethylcrocetin (dmcrt), 2 microm for crocetin crt and 2 microm for crocins (crcs). at 5 microm, all these compounds induced differentiat ... | 2013 | 7847826 |
| effects of crocus sativus l. on the ethanol-induced impairment of passive avoidance performances in mice. | the acute effects of an alcohol extract of crocus sativus l. (cs-extract) were studied on learning and memory in step through (st) and step down (sd) tests in normal as well as in learning- and memory-impaired mice. a single oral administration of cs-extract had no effects on memory registration, consolidation or retrieval in normal mice. cs-extract reduced the ethanol-induced impairment of memory registration both in st and sd tests and the ethanol-induced impairment of memory retrieval in sd t ... | 1994 | 8205119 |
| antitumour activity of saffron (crocus sativus). | antitumor activity of saffron (crocus sativus) extract a commonly used spice in india was studied against intraperitoneally transplanted sarcoma-180 (s-180), ehrlich ascites carcinoma (eac) and dalton's lymphoma ascites (dla) tumours in mice. oral administration of 200 mg/kg body weight of the extract increased the life span of s-180, eac, dla tumour bearing mice to 111.0%, 83.5% and 112.5%, respectively. the same extract was found to be cytotoxic to p38b, s-180, eac and dla tumour cells in vitr ... | 1991 | 2025883 |
| modulatory effects of crocus sativus and nigella sativa extracts on cisplatin-induced toxicity in mice. | in mice, an extract of crocus sativus stigmas partially prevented the decreases in body weight, hemoglobin levels and leucocyte counts caused by 2 mg/kg of cisplatin i.p. for 5 days. treatment with the c. sativus extract also significantly prolonged the life span of cisplatin-treated mice almost three-fold. in contrast, an extract of nigella sativa seed only tended to protect from cisplatin-induced falls in hemoglobin levels and leucocyte counts. | 1991 | 2030595 |
| characterization of the platelet aggregation inducer and inhibitor isolated from crocus sativus. | bulbs of crocus sativus variety cartwrightianus were found to contain both a platelet aggregation inducer and inhibitor. the aggregating factor has a mr of 42 kda estimated by a sephadex g75 column and sds-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. it was found to lack enzymatic activity such as proteinase, esterase and acid or alkaline phosphatase. the inhibitory factor was also purified to homogeneity by different chromatographic techniques and shows a mr of 27 kda as it was estimated by biogel ... | 1990 | 2282072 |
| formation of stigma-like structures and pigment in cultured tissues of crocus sativus. | | 1988 | 17265300 |
| [effect of increasing the yield of gibberellin-treated crocus sativus]. | | 1986 | 2952318 |
| [comparison of natural yellow colors extracted from saffron (crocus sativus linne) and gardenia fruit (gardenia jasminoides ellis)]. | | 1985 | 3830305 |
| [quality investigation of crocus sativus]. | | 1984 | 6235940 |
| [textual research on the origin and development of crocus sativus l., a chinese medicinal herb] (chi). | | 1984 | 11611820 |
| [cultivation of crocus sativus]. | | 1982 | 6215174 |
| [ontogenesis of saffron plants (crocus sativus) and changes in their stem apices]. | a study of the saffron ontogenesis has been carried out, with special reference to the morphophysiological state of cells and nuclei in the stem apices. 4 periods were established in the development of stem apices: (1) formation of apical meristem (november), (2) slow development coinciding with the intensive plant vegetation (december--february), (3) transition to generative development when the vegetative organs begin to dry off (march) and (4) differentiation of generative organs at the time ... | 1978 | 673328 |
| riboflavine and thiamine contents of saffron, crocus sativus linn. | | 1953 | 13099260 |
| a proving of crocus sativus. | | 1946 | 20982140 |