Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a proving of crocus sativus. | 1946 | 20982140 | |
| riboflavine and thiamine contents of saffron, crocus sativus linn. | 1953 | 13099260 | |
| [studies on the pharmacological action of zang hong hua (crocus sativus l.). i. effects on uterus and estrus cycle]. | 1964 | 14141441 | |
| [ontogenesis of saffron plants (crocus sativus) and changes in their stem apices]. | a study of the saffron ontogenesis has been carried out, with special reference to the morphophysiological state of cells and nuclei in the stem apices. 4 periods were established in the development of stem apices: (1) formation of apical meristem (november), (2) slow development coinciding with the intensive plant vegetation (december--february), (3) transition to generative development when the vegetative organs begin to dry off (march) and (4) differentiation of generative organs at the time ... | 1978 | 673328 |
| [cultivation of crocus sativus]. | 1982 | 6215174 | |
| [quality investigation of crocus sativus]. | 1984 | 6235940 | |
| [textual research on the origin and development of crocus sativus l., a chinese medicinal herb] (chi). | 1984 | 11611820 | |
| [comparison of natural yellow colors extracted from saffron (crocus sativus linne) and gardenia fruit (gardenia jasminoides ellis)]. | 1985 | 3830305 | |
| [effect of increasing the yield of gibberellin-treated crocus sativus]. | 1986 | 2952318 | |
| formation of stigma-like structures and pigment in cultured tissues of crocus sativus. | 1988 | 17265300 | |
| characterization of the platelet aggregation inducer and inhibitor isolated from crocus sativus. | bulbs of crocus sativus variety cartwrightianus were found to contain both a platelet aggregation inducer and inhibitor. the aggregating factor has a mr of 42 kda estimated by a sephadex g75 column and sds-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. it was found to lack enzymatic activity such as proteinase, esterase and acid or alkaline phosphatase. the inhibitory factor was also purified to homogeneity by different chromatographic techniques and shows a mr of 27 kda as it was estimated by biogel ... | 1990 | 2282072 |
| antitumour activity of saffron (crocus sativus). | antitumor activity of saffron (crocus sativus) extract a commonly used spice in india was studied against intraperitoneally transplanted sarcoma-180 (s-180), ehrlich ascites carcinoma (eac) and dalton's lymphoma ascites (dla) tumours in mice. oral administration of 200 mg/kg body weight of the extract increased the life span of s-180, eac, dla tumour bearing mice to 111.0%, 83.5% and 112.5%, respectively. the same extract was found to be cytotoxic to p38b, s-180, eac and dla tumour cells in vitr ... | 1991 | 2025883 |
| modulatory effects of crocus sativus and nigella sativa extracts on cisplatin-induced toxicity in mice. | in mice, an extract of crocus sativus stigmas partially prevented the decreases in body weight, hemoglobin levels and leucocyte counts caused by 2 mg/kg of cisplatin i.p. for 5 days. treatment with the c. sativus extract also significantly prolonged the life span of cisplatin-treated mice almost three-fold. in contrast, an extract of nigella sativa seed only tended to protect from cisplatin-induced falls in hemoglobin levels and leucocyte counts. | 1991 | 2030595 |
| inhibitory effects of nigella sativa and saffron (crocus sativus) on chemical carcinogenesis in mice. | topical application of nigella sativa and crocus sativus extracts (common food spices) inhibited two-stage initiation/promotion [dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)/croton oil] skin carcinogenesis in mice. a dose of 100 mg/kg body wt of these extracts delayed the onset of papilloma formation and reduced the mean number of papillomas per mouse, respectively. the possibility that these extracts could inhibit the action of 20-methylcholanthrene (mca)-induced soft tissue sarcomas was evaluated by study ... | 1991 | 1923908 |
| inhibitory effect of crocetin on intracellular nucleic acid and protein synthesis in malignant cells. | the possibility that dietary intake of diverse naturally occurring compounds may influence the occurrence of cancer is receiving considerable scientific attention. previously, it was reported that an extract (crocus sativus), which contains carotenoids, had an antitumor effect and inhibited colony formation and nucleic acid synthesis by malignant human cells. epidemiological and experimental research has indicated that carotenoids might act as antitumor agents. we have studied crocetin, a carote ... | 1994 | 8296327 |
| effects of crocus sativus l. on the ethanol-induced impairment of passive avoidance performances in mice. | the acute effects of an alcohol extract of crocus sativus l. (cs-extract) were studied on learning and memory in step through (st) and step down (sd) tests in normal as well as in learning- and memory-impaired mice. a single oral administration of cs-extract had no effects on memory registration, consolidation or retrieval in normal mice. cs-extract reduced the ethanol-induced impairment of memory registration both in st and sd tests and the ethanol-induced impairment of memory retrieval in sd t ... | 1994 | 8205119 |
| post-harvest degradation of carotenoid glucose esters in saffron. | it has been found that an indoor cultivation system of crocus sativus l. is more favorable with regard to the quality of saffron, as compared to the usual cultivation in an open field. carotenoid glucose esters increase from the period before blooming and reach the maximum in the full blooming period, and are sensitive for the presence of oxygen, light irradiation, and beta-glucosidase. moreover, it is evident that storage of saffron at -20 degrees c promotes the constant supply of saffron with ... | 1994 | 7997473 |
| notes on the saffron plant (crocus sativus,l.). | 1995 | 11639738 | |
| determination of saffron (crocus sativus l.) components in crude plant extract using high-performance liquid chromatography-uv-visible photodiode-array detection-mass spectrometry. | the determination of saffron components in crude plant extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography-uv-visible photodiode-array detection on-line with mass spectrometry is described. the method is shown to be suitable for the determination of picrocrocin, the glycosidic precursor of safranal, safranal and flavonoids; it is the technique of choice for the analysis of crocetin glycosides (crocins) carrying one up to five glucoses and differentiation of their trans and cis isomers. | 1995 | 7757208 |
| saffron chemoprevention in biology and medicine: a review. | a growing body of evidence indicate that carotenoids possess anticarcinogenic, anti-mutagenic and immunomodulating effects. saffron obtained from the dried stigmas of crocus sativus l., is an important spice, rich in carotenoids, consumed commonly in different parts of the world. our laboratory first reported the anticancer activity of saffron extract (dimethyl-crocetin) against a wide spectrum of murine tumors and human leukemia cell lines. the present report reviews the role of saffron in serv ... | 1995 | 8590890 |
| inhibition of colony formation of hela cells by naturally occurring and synthetic agents. | the present study compared the effects of naturally occurring extracts or compound in combination with synthetic selenium compounds on the colony formation and nucleic acid synthesis of cultured human cervical epitheloid carcinoma cells (hela). crude extract of bean (phaseolus vulgaris) or purified lectin from red kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris) in combination with selenomethionine were more effective in inhibiting the colony formation of hela cells than when these cells were treated with these ... | 1995 | 8922269 |
| crocin, safranal and picrocrocin from saffron (crocus sativus l.) inhibit the growth of human cancer cells in vitro. | extracts of saffron (crocus sativus l.) have been reported to inhibit cell growth of human tumor cells. in order to study the cytotoxic effect of the characteristic compounds of saffron spice, we have isolated crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin and safranal. doses inducing 50% cell growth inhibition (ld50) on hela cells were 2.3 mg/ml for an ethanolic extract of saffron dry stigmas, 3 mm for crocin, 0.8 mm for safranal and 3 mm for picrocrocin. crocetin did not show cytotoxic effect. cells treated wi ... | 1996 | 8620447 |
| in vitro formation of crocetin glucosyl esters by crocus sativus callus extract. | callus extracts of crocus sativus exhibited the ability to transform all-trans-crocetin into its related glycosides between ph 7.0 and 7.6 in the presence of uridine-diphospho-glucose. the reactions involved the step-wise addition of a glucose moiety to a free carboxyl function and the 1-->6 addition of a glucose moiety to a glucosyl ester function. the kinetics of synthesis for each glycoside seemed to indicate that two distinct glucosyl transferases were implicated in the synthesis of crocin, ... | 1997 | 9140230 |
| method to determine the authenticity of aroma of saffron (crocus sativus l.). | a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique was applied to 252 different spanish saffron samples (from la mancha and teruel). the average safranal content made up of 60% of the volatile fraction of the saffron. all the chromatograms obtained showed an interval between 8 and 18 min (retention time of safranal +/- 5 min) in which the silhouette of the chromatographic peaks was similar in all the samples. therefore this interval can be used as a "fingerprint." two examples a ... | 1998 | 9829199 |
| protective effect of cysteine and vitamin e, crocus sativus and nigella sativa extracts on cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats. | cisplatin [cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (ii)] is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug that is toxic to the kidney. concurrent administration of cysteine together with vitamin e, crocus sativus and nigella sativa reduced the toxicity of cisplatin in rats. when administered i.p. for 5 alternate days with 3 mg/kg cisplatin, cysteine (20 mg/kg) together with vitamin e (2 mg/rat) an extract of crocus sativus stigmas (50 mg/kg) and nigella sativa seed (50 mg/kg) significantly reduced blood urea nitroge ... | 1998 | 9609969 |
| isolation and cytotoxic properties of a novel glycoconjugate from corms of saffron plant (crocus sativus l.). | a novel glycoconjugate isolated from saffron corm extracts shows remarkable cytotoxic activity on cultured human cancer cells (hela). its polysaccharide part represents 94.5% of the molecule, and is dominated by a 36.4% of rhamnose. the protein backbone is composed mainly of aspartic acid/asparagine, alanine, glutamic acid/glutamine, glycine and serine. hela cells exposed to this glycoconjugate showed swelling and local plasma membrane evaginations, suggesting that cytotoxicity is mediated by ex ... | 1999 | 9878746 |
| effects of crocin analogs on ocular blood flow and retinal function. | ischemic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration are the leading ocular diseases that cause blindness. the etiology of these diseases is due in part to the reduction of blood flow in the retina and/or choroid. crocin analogs isolated from crocus sativus l. were found to significantly increase the blood flow in the retina and choroid and to facilitate retinal function recovery. increased blood flow due to vasodilation presumably improves oxygenation and nutrient supply of retinal structu ... | 1999 | 10229492 |
| production of a cytotoxic proteoglycan using callus culture of saffron corms (crocus sativus l.). | saffron corms have been demonstrated to contain a proteoglycan that inhibits growth of human tumor cells. in this study, we show strong evidence indicating that callus cultures of saffron corm also synthesize such glycoconjugate. this compound is cytotoxic against human cervical epithelioid carcinoma cells (ic50 = 7 mg ml-1), and consists of approximately 90% carbohydrate and 10% protein. in order to optimize the glycoconjugate purification to complete functional and therapeutic studies, we have ... | 1999 | 10483114 |
| in vitro activation of macrophages by a novel proteoglycan isolated from corms of crocus sativus l. | saffron corms contain a proteoglycan that is highly cytotoxic on human tumor cells. the present work was undertaken to study the possible immunomodulatory and anti-invasive properties of this compound. non-cytotoxic concentrations of this glycoconjugate promoted significant macrophage activation, detected by the release of nitric oxide. a rapid activation of protein kinase c and nf-kappab was obtained after proteoglycan treatment, which could explain the induction of nitric oxide synthase. prote ... | 1999 | 10503884 |
| saffron extract prevents acetaldehyde-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vivo. | we have previously found that alcohol extract of crocus sativus l. (cse), commonly known as saffron, prevents ethanol-induced inhibition of hippocampal long-term potentiation (ltp). in the present study, cse (250 mg/kg, p.o.) was also effective in preventing acetaldehyde-induced inhibition of ltp in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats. these results suggest that cse can prevent aversive effects induced by ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde. | 1999 | 10642859 |
| effects of long-term treatment of colon adenocarcinoma with crocin, a carotenoid from saffron (crocus sativus l.): an experimental study in the rat. | we used an experimental model in the rat to examine the effects of long-term treatment with crocin, a glycosylated carotenoid from the stigmas of the saffron crocus, on colon cancer. bd-ix rats were divided into four groups: groups g1 and g2, designated "cancer groups," were used to study the effects of crocin on the progression of colon cancer, and groups g3 and g4, designated "toxicity groups," were used to study the effects of the treatment on metabolic processes and the parenchyma. dhd/k12-p ... | 1999 | 10693164 |
| flavonols from saffron flower: tyrosinase inhibitory activity and inhibition mechanism. | a common flavonol, kaempferol, isolated from the fresh flower petals of crocus sativus l. (iridaceae) was found to inhibit the oxidation of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) catalyzed by mushroom tyrosinase with an id(50) of 67 microgram/ml (0.23 mm). interestingly, its 3-o-glycoside derivatives did not inhibit this oxidation. the inhibition kinetics analyzed by a lineweaver-burk plot found kaempferol to be a competitive inhibitor, and this inhibitory activity presumably comes from its abili ... | 1999 | 10552777 |
| phenolic glucosides and a gamma-lactone glucoside from the sprouts of crocus sativus. | two new phenolic glucosides, a new gamma-lactone glucoside, and adenosine were isolated from the sprouts of crocus sativus l. the new compounds were characterized as 2,4- dihydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone-2beta-d-glucopyranoside, 2,3,4-trihydroxy-6-methoxyacetopenone-3-beta-d-glucopyranoside and 3-( s)-3-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxybutanolide, respectively. all structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. | 1999 | 17260269 |
| a non-destructive method to determine the safranal content of saffron (crocus sativus l.) by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. | a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method to obtain selectively volatile compounds of saffron without sample destruction has been developed. the influence of both pressure and temperature was studied, 20 mpa and 100 degrees c being the best conditions to extract the total safranal content. a decrease in supercritical fluid density was shown to be a critical parameter for enhancing the extraction power of carbon dioxide. for all the assay conditions, the extracts mainly contained safranal ... | 2000 | 10869688 |
| antioxidant properties of crocin from gardenia jasminoides ellis and study of the reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen. | crocin-a water soluble carotenoid-is found in the fruits of gardenia (gardenia jasminoides ellis) and in the stigmas of saffron (crocus sativus linne). for crocin purification, gardenia fruits are extracted with 50% acetone, followed by ether washing, ion exchange, and separation by preparative hplc. purified crocin with purity of >99.6% has an antioxidative activity at concentrations up to 40 ppm. at 20 ppm the antioxidative activity of crocin is comparable to that of bha. the antioxidant prope ... | 2000 | 10820042 |
| effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long-term potentiation. | crocus sativus l., commonly known as saffron, is used in folk medicine for various purposes. modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that saffron extracts have antitumour effects, radical scavenger properties or hypolipaemic effects. among the constituents of saffron extract, crocetin is mainly responsible for these pharmacological activities. in addition, recent behavioural and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that saffron extract affects learning and memory in experiment ... | 2000 | 10815004 |
| the cytolytic effect of a glycoconjugate extracted from corms of saffron plant (crocus sativus) on human cell lines in culture. | corms of crocus sativus l. (iridaceae) contain a glycoconjugate that shows cytotoxic activity on tumoral cells in culture. studies of intracellular calcium fluctuations, and release of lactate dehydrogenase in human cervical epitheloid carcinoma cells, showed that this compound caused plasma membrane damage, allowing movements of both calcium and macromolecules, and leading to cell lysis. analysis of dna fragmentation showed that cell death was not mediated by apoptosis. this molecule is active ... | 2000 | 10763591 |
| crocus sativus lectin recognizes man3glcnac in the n-glycan core structure. | crocus sativus lectin (csl) is one of the truly mannose-specific plant lectins that has a unique binding specificity that sets it apart from others. we studied sugar-binding specificity of csl in detail by a solution phase method (fluorescence polarization) and three solid phase methods (flow injection, surface plasmon resonance, and microtiter plate), using a number of different glycopeptides and oligosaccharides. csl binds the branched mannotriose structure in the n-glycan core. substitution o ... | 2000 | 10837483 |
| a glycoconjugate from corms of saffron plant (crocus sativus l.) inhibits root growth and affects in vitro cell viability. | a glycoconjugate has been characterized from saffron corms (crocus sativus l.) that inhibits the growth of roots of nicotiana tabacum and arabidopsis thaliana, at concentrations ranging from 1-100 micrograms m-3. roots of seedlings grown in the presence 0.1 microgram m-3 glycoconjugate showed bulging of epidermal cells, whereas at 10 micrograms m-3, roots were completely devoid of hairs. at 100 micrograms m-3 glycoconjugate the cell walls of the root vascular tissues were thicker and, overall, t ... | 2000 | 10938865 |
| purification and characterization of a mannan-binding lectin specifically expressed in corms of saffron plant (crocus sativus l.). | despite the economical interest of crocus sativus, its biochemistry has been poorly studied. herein, we have isolated a lectin present in saffron corm by gel-filtration, anion-exchange, and reversed-phase chromatography. one- and two-dimensional page, maldi-ms, and n-terminal amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the native protein forms noncovalently linked aggregates of about 80 kda apparent molecular mass, mainly composed of two charged heterogeneous (pi's, 6.69-6.93) basic subunits of ... | 2000 | 10691656 |
| authentic identification of stigma croci (stigma of crocus sativus) from its adulterants by molecular genetic analysis. | stigma croci, stigma of crocus sativus l., is a precious traditional chinese medicine, which is commonly used to activate blood circulation and to dissipate blood stasis. three plant species, carthamus tinctorius l., hemerocallis fulva (l.) l. and hemerocallis citrina baroni, could carry the name stigma croci in the commercial markets of south east asia. however, c. sativus is the only one that has proven its effectiveness, while the others could act as adulterants. the authentic identification ... | 2001 | 11301875 |
| inhibition of genotoxicity by saffron (crocus sativus l.) in mice. | experiments were carried out to ascertain whether or not saffron (dried stigmas of crocus sativus l.), a commonly used agent for flavoring and coloring food can exert modulatory effects on the in vivo genotoxicity of cisplatin (cis), cyclophosphamide (cph), mitomycin c (mmc) and urethane (ure). for this purpose, swiss albino mice were pretreated for five consecutive days with three doses (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight) of the aqueous extract of saffron. genotoxic effects were assessed in the m ... | 2001 | 11665650 |
| crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death of neuronally differentiated pc-12 cells. | crocus sativus l. is used in chinese traditional medicine to treat some disorders of the central nervous system. crocin is an ethanol-extractable component of crocus sativus l.; it is reported to prevent ethanol-induced impairment of learning and memory in mice. in this study, we demonstrate that crocin suppresses the effect of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha on neuronally differentiated pc-12 cells. pc-12 cells dead from exposure to tnf-alpha show apoptotic morphological changes and dna fragm ... | 2001 | 11720092 |
| analytical method for buddleja colorants in foods. | buddleja yellow colorant derived from buddleja officinalis maxim. has recently been approved for use as a new kind of natural colorant for food additives in china. in order to distinguish buddleja yellow colorant from other yellow colorants, two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, acteoside (= verbascoside) and poliumoside, were isolated from the colorant as marker substances for buddleja yellow colorant. poliumoside has not been detected in b. officinalis maxim. previously. these phenylpropanoid ... | 2001 | 11486388 |
| chemical investigation of gamma-irradiated saffron (crocus sativus l.). | changes in aroma and coloring properties of saffron (crocus sativus) after gamma-irradiation at doses of 2.5 and 5 kgy (necessary for microbial decontamination) were investigated. the volatile essential oil constituents responsible for aroma of the spice were isolated by steam distillation and then subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). no significant qualitative changes were observed in these constituents upon irradiation, although a trained sensory panel could d ... | 2001 | 11262013 |
| [studies on the pharmacological effects of saffron(crocus sativus l.)--a review]. | reviewing the studies on the chemical components and medicinal value. | 2002 | 12776492 |
| [induction of petal-like structures from petals of crocus sativus l. and the differentiation of style-stigma-like structures in vitro]. | firstly the petal of crocus sativus l was cultured on the medium that supplemented with different combinations of hormones. the petal-like structures(pls) were induced on medium, but the induction rates were different in various medium. the highest induction rate of petal-like structures was obtained on the media that was supplemented with naa (4 mg/l) and kt (8 mg/l). the petal-like structures were subcultured on another media when the structure was produced on the explants and proliferate grou ... | 2002 | 12561216 |
| constituents of the stigmas of crocus sativus and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. | four new compounds, crocusatins f (1), g (2), h (3), and i (4a), together with 21 known compounds, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the stigmas of crocus sativus (saffron). the structures of 1-4 were established by spectral methods. the tyrosinase inhibitory activities of all 25 compounds isolated were evaluated in vitro using mushroom tyrosinase. among them, crocusatin h (3), crocin-1 (5), and crocin-3 (6) showed significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity. | 2002 | 12398542 |
| constituents of the pollen of crocus sativus l. and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. | five new naturally occurring monoterpenoids, crocusatins-a (1), -b (2a), -c (3), -d (4a) -e (5), a new lactate, sodium (2s)-(o-hydroxyphenyl)lactate (6), and eighteen known compounds were isolated and characterized from the pollen of crocus sativus l. the tyrosinase inhibitory activities of these compounds were also discussed. | 2002 | 12372855 |
| catalytic properties of three l-lactate dehydrogenases from saffron corms (crocus sativus l). | three l-lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes were detected in saffron corms, using potassium ferricyanide as the electron acceptor. their ph optima were 5.5, 7.5 and 9.5, respectively. all three dehydrogenases were substrate-inhibited by ferricyanide, but at different concentrations; maximum enzymatic activity was observed for 250, 100 and 600 microm ferricyanide, at ph 5.5, 7.5 and 9.5, respectively. catalytic efficiency, calculated per mg corm extract protein, was 1.9, 1.0 and 0.4 min(-1), respect ... | 2002 | 12241049 |
| thermal stability of catalases active in dormant saffron (crocus sativus l.) corms. | catalase activity was detected in crude extract prepared from dormant saffron (crocus sativus l.) corms. the activity was independent of ph in the range 6.0-11.0. thermostability studies suggested the presence of three isoenzymes with transition temperatures of 30 degrees c, 45 degrees c and 60 degrees c, respectively, as given by arrhenius plots. when stained for catalase activity gel electropherograms of extract revealed 3 distinct bands with apparent molecular weight of 323,000, 295,000 and 2 ... | 2002 | 12241041 |
| cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (crocus sativus l.). | since cancer is the most common cause of death in the world population, the possibility that readily available natural substances from plants, vegetables, herbs, and spices may be beneficial in the prevention of cancer warrants closer examination. saffron in filaments is the dried, dark red stigmata of crocus sativus l. flowers and it is used as a spice, food colorant, and a drug in medicine. a growing body of research has demonstrated that saffron extract itself and its main constituents, the c ... | 2002 | 11788779 |
| antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of crocus sativus l. stigma and petal extracts in mice. | crocus sativus l. (saffron) is used in folk medicine, for example as an antiedematogenic agent. we aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of saffron extracts in mice. | 2002 | 11914135 |
| [in vitro evaluation of the chemopreventive potential of saffron]. | cancer is a very important national health problem in mexico, while a significant increase in the total and childhood cancer mortality has been recorded during the last decades. chemoprevention, defined as the use of natural or synthetic agents to prevent or to block the development of cancer in human beings, is a new and promising strategy in the battle against cancer. saffron, obtained from the dried red-dark stigmas of crocus sativus l., an important spice rich in carotenoids, is commonly con ... | 2002 | 12587418 |
| effects of crocus sativus petals' extract on rat blood pressure and on responses induced by electrical field stimulation in the rat isolated vas deferens and guinea-pig ileum. | we have investigated the effects of crocus sativus petals' extract on blood pressure in anaesthetised rats and also on responses of the isolated rat vas deferens and guinea-pig ileum induced by electrical field stimulation (efs). aqueous and ethanol extracts of c. sativus petals reduced the blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. for example administration of 50 mg/100 g of aqueous extract changed the blood pressure from 133.5+/-3.9 to 117+/-2.1 (mmhg). efs of the isolated rat vas deferens an ... | 2003 | 12648816 |
| protective effects of saffron (crocus sativus linn.) on genotoxins-induced oxidative stress in swiss albino mice. | the modifying effects of the aqueous extract of saffron (dried stigmas of crocus sativus linn.) on cisplatin (cis), cyclophosphamide (cph), mitomycin-c (mmc) and urethane (ure) induced alterations in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status were investigated in swiss albino mice. three doses of saffron (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight) were orally administered to mice for 5 consecutive days prior to administration of genotoxins. a significant reduction in the extent of lipid peroxidation with a ... | 2003 | 12820227 |
| inhibitory effects of aqueous crude extract of saffron (crocus sativus l.) on chemical-induced genotoxicity in mice. | saffron (dried stigmas of crocus sativus l.), was evaluated in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test for its possible protective effects against chromosomal damage induced by cisplatin (cis), mitomycin-c (mmc) and urethane (ure). three doses of saffron (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) were orally administered to mice for five consecutive days prior to administration of genotoxins under investigation. from the results obtained, it was evident that the administration of 50 and 100 mg saffron/k ... | 2003 | 14672873 |
| use of in vitro assays to assess the potential antigenotoxic and cytotoxic effects of saffron (crocus sativus l.). | saffron is harvested from the dried, dark red stigmas of crocus sativus l. flowers. it is used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food and as a perfume. it is often used for treating several diseases. we assessed the antimutagenic, comutagenic and cytotoxic effects of saffron and its main ingredients using the ames/salmonella test system, two well known mutagens (bp, 2aa), the in vitro colony formation assay and four different cultured human normal (ccd-18lu) and malignant (hela, a-204 and he ... | 2003 | 14599470 |
| production of crocin using crocus sativus callus by two-stage culture system. | saffron callus was grown in a two-stage culture on b5 medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate (300 mg l(-1)) at 22 degrees c in dark with naphthalene acetic acid (2 mg l(-1)) and 6-benzyladenine (1 mg l(-1)) to give maximum biomass (16 g dry wt l(-1)), and with indole 3-acetic acid (2 mg l(-1)) and 6-benzyladenine (0.5 mg l(-1)) for crocin formation. the maximum crocin production (0.43 g l(-1)) was achieved by this two-stage culture method, which was three times that by a one-stage method. | 2003 | 14514073 |
| lectin from bulbs of crocus sativus recognizing n-linked core glycan: isolation and binding studies using fluorescence polarization. | 2003 | 12968385 | |
| hypoxia/anoxia as signaling for increased alcohol dehydrogenase activity in saffron (crocus sativus l.) corm. | alcohol dehydrogenase, nad-dependent lactate dehydrogenase, and nad-independent lactate dehydrogenase activities were investigated in corms cultivated in normoxic and hypoxic/anoxic conditions. depending on the developmental stage, hypoxia/anoxia was a signal for increase in either alcohol dehydrogenase or nad-dependent lactate dehydrogenase. nad-independent lactate dehydrogenase contributed to the recycling of lactate, thus preventing acidosis. | 2004 | 15659829 |
| [physiological and ecological effects of potassium on expansion of crocus corm]. | the corm size of crocus sativus, a well-known medicine, is a key limiting factor for its stigma harvest. a water cultural experiment with four different potassium (k) concentrations showed that the k content, chlorophyll content, relative atp content and net photosynthetic rate in c. sativus leaves increased with improving k concentration, which enhanced the function of leaves to be metabolic source. on the other hand, the k absorbing ability and the contents of soluble sugars, vitamin c (vc) an ... | 2004 | 15334966 |
| antityrosinase principles and constituents of the petals of crocus sativus. | three new monoterpenoids, crocusatin-j (1), -k (2), and -l (3), and a new naturally occurring acid, (3s),4-dihydroxybutyric acid (4), together with 31 known compounds were isolated and identified from the methanol extract of the petals of saffron (crocus sativus). their structures were established by spectroscopic methods. among them, crocusatin-k (2), crocusatin-l (3), and 4-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-enone (8) showed significant antityrosinase activity, and protocatechuic acid (18), kae ... | 2004 | 15043425 |
| promotion of the growth of crocus sativus cells and the production of crocin by rare earth elements. | la3+ and ce3+, either singly or a mixture, promoted crocin production of crocus sativus callus but nd3+ had little effect and all metal ions were toxic above 100 microm. la3+ (60 microm) promoted growth of callus significantly but increased crocin only slightly. ce3+ (40 microm) significantly promoted crocin production but had little effect on cell growth. la3+ (60 microm) and ce3+ (20 microm) together gave the highest dry weight biomass (20.4 g l(-1)), crocin content (4.4 mg g(-1)) and crocin p ... | 2004 | 15005147 |
| crocin prevents the death of pc-12 cells through sphingomyelinase-ceramide signaling by increasing glutathione synthesis. | crocin is a pharmacologically active component of crocus sativus l. (saffron) that has been used in traditional chinese medicine. in a previous study, we demonstrated that crocin inhibits apoptosis in pc-12 cells by affecting the function of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. in this study, we found that depriving cultured pc-12 cells of serum/glucose causes a rapid increase in cellular ceramide levels, followed by an increase in the phosphorylation of c-jun kinase (jnk). the accumulation of ceramide ... | 2004 | 14643749 |
| saffron can prevent chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in swiss albino mice. | one of the most promising strategies for cancer prevention today is chemoprevention using readily available natural substances from vegetables, fruits, herbs and spices. among the spices, saffron (crocus sativus, l) a member of the large family iridaceae, has drawn attention because apart from its use as a flavouring agent, pharmacological studies have demonstrated many health promoting properties including radical scavenging, anti- mutagenic and immuno-modulating effects. in the present study t ... | 2004 | 15075009 |
| crocin prevents the death of rat pheochromyctoma (pc-12) cells by its antioxidant effects stronger than those of alpha-tocopherol. | crocin is a pharmacologically active component of crocus sativus l. (saffron) used in traditional chinese medicine. we report here the effects of crocin on neuronally differentiated pheochromocytoma (pc-12) cells deprived of serum/glucose. depriving the pc-12 cells of serum/glucose caused peroxidation of their cell membrane lipids and decreased intercellular superoxide dismutase (sod) activity. treating the pc-12 cells with 10 microm crocin inhibited the formation of peroxidized lipids, partly r ... | 2004 | 15147781 |
| crocetin from saffron: an active component of an ancient spice. | the known properties of saffron (crocus sativus, l.) and its components have been examined. recently, hormone like effects in green algae and the anti-cancerogenic and anti-toxic effects, have been observed. in particular, the effects of crocetin, a carotenoids (8,8'-diapo-8,8'-carotenoic acid) present in saffron and characterized by a diterpenic and symmetrical structure with seven double bonds and four methyl groups, have been taken into consideration. it has been found that this compound enha ... | 2004 | 15239370 |
| comparison of crocus sativus l. and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a pilot double-blind randomized trial [isrctn45683816]. | the morbidity and mortality associated with depression are considerable and continue to increase. depression currently ranks fourth among the major causes of disability worldwide, after lower respiratory infections, prenatal conditions, and hiv/aids. crocus sativus l. is used to treat depression. many medicinal plants textbooks refer to this indication whereas there is no evidence-based document. our objective was to compare the efficacy of stigmas of crocus sativus (saffron) with imipramine in ... | 2004 | 15341662 |
| biomedical properties of saffron and its potential use in cancer therapy and chemoprevention trials. | chemoprevention strategies are very attractive and have earned serious consideration as potential means of controlling the incidence of cancer. an important element of anticancer drug development using plants is the accumulation and analysis of pertinent experimental data and purported ethnomedical (folkloric) uses for plants. the aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of experimental in vitro and in vivo investigations focused on the anticancer activity of saffron (crocus sativus ... | 2004 | 15582266 |
| glucosylation of the saffron apocarotenoid crocetin by a glucosyltransferase isolated from crocus sativus stigmas. | saffron, the dry stigma of crocus sativus l., is considered to be the world's most expensive spice. three major apocarotenoids--crocin, crocetin and picrocrocin--are responsible for the colour and bitter taste of saffron. the final step in the biosynthesis of the 20-carbon esterified carotenoid crocin is the transformation of the insoluble crocetin into a soluble and stable storage form by glucosylation. these glucosylation reactions are catalysed by glucosyltransferases (gtases) that play a cru ... | 2004 | 15605174 |
| a modified, economic, sensitive method for measuring total antioxidant capacities of human plasma and natural compounds using indian saffron (crocus sativus). | free radicals are involved in various human diseases that can possibly be prevented by antioxidants. there are many but rather expensive methods to determine total antioxidant capacity of human plasma (for endogenous antioxidant levels) or plant extracts/natural compounds (for antioxidant potential in terms of radical inhibiting or scavenging properties). we describe a simple, fast and economical 'crocin assay' using the indian spice saffron. | 2005 | 15653110 |
| calcium antagonistic effects of chinese crude drugs: preliminary investigation and evaluation by 45 ca. | coronary and other diseases in cardiac or brain blood vessels are considered to be due to the excessive influx of ca(2+) into cytoplasm. if ca(2+) channels in cell membrane are blocked by medicines or other substances with considerable calcium antagonistic effects, these diseases might be cured or controlled. the influence of some chinese crude drugs, including crocus sativus, carthamus tinctorius, ginkgo biloba and bulbus allii macrostemi on ca(2+) influx in isolated rat aortas was investigated ... | 2005 | 15919209 |
| neuroprotection by crocetin in a hemi-parkinsonian rat model. | reactive oxygen species (ros) are implicated as the leading biochemical cause of neuronal death in various neurologic disorders, including parkinson's disease. in the present study, neuromodulatory effects of crocetin (active constituent of crocus sativus) in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) model of rat parkinsonism were investigated. male wistar rats were pre-treated with crocetin (25, 50 and 75 microg/kg body weight) for 7 days and subjected to unilateral intrastriatal injection of 10 microg 6-oh ... | 2005 | 16005057 |
| anticonvulsant evaluation of safranal and crocin from crocus sativus in mice. | the anticonvulsant activities of crocus sativus stigma constituents, safranal and crocin, were evaluated in mice using pentylenetetrazole (ptz)-induced convulsions in mice. safranal (0.15 and 0.35 ml/kg, i.p.) reduced the seizure duration, delayed the onset of tonic convulsions and protected mice from death. crocin (200 mg/kg, i.p.) did not show anticonvulsant activity. | 2005 | 16253437 |
| protective effect of aqueous saffron extract (crocus sativus l.) and crocin, its active constituent, on renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative damage in rats. | the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation are associated with tissue injury following ischemic insult; therefore, the use of antioxidants appears rational in the improvement of kidney diseases therapy. the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of aqueous saffron extract (crocus sativus l.) and its active constituent, crocin, on oxidative stress following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (iri) in rats. | 2005 | 16401388 |
| safranal, a constituent of crocus sativus (saffron), attenuated cerebral ischemia induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus. | increased oxidative stress has been implicated in the mechanisms of delayed neuronal cell death following cerebral ischemic insult. in this study, we investigated whether safranal, an active constituent of crocus sativus l. stigmas, may ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury (iri)-induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus. male nmri rats were divided into six groups, namely, sham, control, ischemia and ischemia treated with safranal (four groups). the transient global cerebral ischemia was ind ... | 2005 | 16401389 |
| effect of dietary saffron (crocus sativus l.) on the oxidative stability of egg yolk. | 1. the effects of dietary inclusion of red stigmas of greek saffron (crocus sativus l.) on the oxidative stability of shell eggs and liquid yolks were investigated and compared with those of dietary a-tocopherol. 2. ninety-six lohmann laying hens, 38 weeks old, distributed into 4 groups with 4 replicates each, were given either a control diet, diets enriched with 10 (saf10) or 20 (saf20) mg/kg saffron, or a diet enriched with 200 mg/kg a-tocopheryl acetate (ve200). 3. following 6 weeks of feedin ... | 2005 | 16428113 |
| radical scavenging activity of crocus sativus l. extract and its bioactive constituents. | radical scavenging activity is involved in aging processes, antiinflammatory, anticancer and wound healing activity. hence, in the present study the dpph radical scavenging activity of a natural product that possesses biological properties, an extract of crocus sativus l. (saffron), grown in crocos, kozani (greece), and some of its bioactive constituents (crocin, safranal) was studied. it was shown that a methanol extract of crocus sativus exhibited high antioxidant activity, although it contain ... | 2005 | 16317646 |
| implications of carotenoid biosynthetic genes in apocarotenoid formation during the stigma development of crocus sativus and its closer relatives. | crocus sativus is a triploid sterile plant characterized by its long red stigmas, which produce and store significant quantities of the apocarotenoids crocetin and crocin, formed from the oxidative cleavage of zeaxanthin. here, we investigate the accumulation and the molecular mechanisms that regulate the synthesis of these apocarotenoids during stigma development in c. sativus. we cloned the cdnas for phytoene synthase, lycopene-beta-cyclase, and beta-ring hydroxylase from c. sativus. with the ... | 2005 | 16183835 |
| influence of different drying and aging conditions on saffron constituents. | a dehydration postharvesting treatment is necessary to convert crocus sativus l. stigmas into saffron spice. three different dehydration treatments were evaluated: dehydration at room temperature; dehydration with hot air at different temperatures (70, 90, and 110 degrees c); and dehydration following traditional processing in castille-la mancha (spain) with three different heating sources (vineshoot charcoal, gas cooker, and electric coil). the time (between 28 and 55 min) and mean temperature ... | 2005 | 15884826 |
| crocus sativus l. in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. | depression is a serious disorder in today's society, with estimates of lifetime prevalence as high as 21% of the general population in some developed countries. as a therapeutic plant, saffron is considered excellent for stomach ailments and as an antispasmodic, to help digestion and to increase appetite. it is also used for depression in persian traditional medicine. our objective was to assess the efficacy of the stigmas of crocus sativus (saffron) in the treatment of mild to moderate depressi ... | 2005 | 15852492 |
| hydro-alcoholic extract of crocus sativus l. versus fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized pilot trial. | depressive disorders are very common in clinical practice, with approximately 11.3 of all adults afflicted during any a year. saffron is the world's most expensive spice and apart from its traditional value as a food additive, recent studies indicate several therapeutic effects for saffron. it is used for depression in persian traditional medicine. our objective was to compare the efficacy of hydro-alcoholic extract of crocus sativus (stigma) with fluoxetine in the treatment of mild to moderate ... | 2005 | 15707766 |
| antioxidant enzymes during hypoxia-anoxia signaling events in crocus sativus l. corm. | the activity of reactive oxygen species (ros)-scavenging enzymes, catalase, superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase, o-dianisidine and ascorbate peroxidases, was investigated in crocus sativus l. corms cultivated in normoxic and hypoxic-anoxic conditions. the activity of the ros-scavenging enzymes studied varied during cultivation. however, the pattern of ros-scavenging enzymes production was different in corms cultivated in normoxic and hypoxic-anoxic conditions. in normoxic conditio ... | 2006 | 17341603 |
| crocetin esters, picrocrocin and its related compounds present in crocus sativus stigmas and gardenia jasminoides fruits. tentative identification of seven new compounds by lc-esi-ms. | crocetin esters present in saffron (crocus sativus l.) stigmas and in gardenia jasminoides ellis fruit are the compounds responsible for their color. of the fifteen crocetin esters identified in this study, five new compounds were tentatively identified: trans and cis isomers of crocetin (beta-d-triglucoside)-(beta-d-gentibiosyl) ester, trans and cis isomers of crocetin (beta-d-neapolitanose)-(beta-d-glucosyl) ester, and cis crocetin (beta-d-neapolitanose)-(beta-d-gentibiosyl) ester. the most re ... | 2006 | 16448211 |
| crocus sativus l. (petal) in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. | depression is a major worldwide health problem. indeed, by 2020, depressive disorders are estimated to represent the second largest disease burden worldwide. although a variety of pharmaceutical agents are available for the treatment of depression, psychiatrists find that many patients cannot tolerate the side effects, do not respond adequately, or finally lose their response. our objective was to assess the efficacy of petal of crocus sativus in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression in a ... | 2006 | 16979327 |
| fusaric acid induces apoptosis in saffron root-tip cells: roles of caspase-like activity, cytochrome c, and h2o2. | programmed cell death (pcd), now known as apoptosis, is accompanied by specific morphological features. in this study, fusaric acid, a fusarium mycotoxin, was used to examine cell death in saffron (crocus sativus linnaeus) roots, using several apoptosis assays. our results show that moderate fa doses (50-100 microm) induce apoptotic features while high fa doses (> 200 microm) stimulate necrosis. the apoptotic-like features induced by moderate doses of fa include chromatin condensation, formation ... | 2006 | 16868776 |
| use of spme-gc-ms in the study of time evolution of the constituents of saffron aroma: modifications of the composition during storage. | the effect of storage on the composition of saffron aroma is studied. six samples of saffron from different areas of italy are analyzed by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. samples 1, 2, and 3 are derived from cultivations of crocus sativus in the zone of salerno (southern italy) from 2000 to 2002. samples 4, 5, and 6 are derived from cultivations in sardinia, italy (from 1998, 2000, and 2001, respectively). in all samples, 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one; 3,5, ... | 2006 | 16599406 |
| protective effect of saffron (crocus sativus l.) aqueous extract against genetic damage induced by anti-tumor agents in mice. | the genotoxic potential of anti-tumor drugs limits their efficacy in the treatment of cancers. since ancient times, saffron (dried stigmas of crocus sativus l.) has been used as a spice and medicinal herb. saffron is a rich source of carotenoids and is known for its anti-cancer and anti-tumor properties. the present study was designed to ascertain the chemoprotective potential of saffron against the genotoxicity of three well-known anti-tumor drugs-cisplatin (cis), cyclophosphamide (cph) and mit ... | 2006 | 16539212 |
| effects of crocetin on antioxidant enzymatic activities in cardiac hypertrophy induced by norepinephrine in rats. | crocetin, a carotenoid isolated from the chinese herbal medicine crocus sativus l. (saffron), has been shown to have cardiovascular protective effects. the present study investigated the protective action of the antioxidant crocetin against cardiac hypertrophy induced by norepinephrine (ne). this was evaluated by assaying for pathological histological changes with an optical microscope and cell image analysis system. lipid peroxidation was quantified using thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ... | 2006 | 16649553 |
| evaluation of the antitussive effect of stigma and petals of saffron (crocus sativus) and its components, safranal and crocin in guinea pigs. | the antitussive activity of crocus sativus stigma and petal extracts and its components, safranal and crocin, was evaluated using the nebolized solution of citric acid 20% in guinea pigs. the extract and agents were injected intraperitoneally. the ethanolic extract of c. sativus (100-800 mg/kg) and safranal (0.25-0.75 ml/kg) reduced the number of cough. the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of petal and crocin did not show antitussive activity. | 2006 | 16814486 |
| effect of saffron (crocus sativus) on neurobehavioral and neurochemical changes in cerebral ischemia in rats. | the modifying effects of crocus sativus (cs) stigma extract on neurobehavioral activities, malondialdehyde (mda), reduced glutathione (gsh), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione s-transferase, superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), and na(+),k(+)-atpase activities, and glutamate (glu) and aspartate (asp) content were examined in the middle cerebral artery (mca) occlusion (mcao) model of acute cerebral ischemia in rats. the right mca of male wistar rats was occluded for ... | 2006 | 16822211 |
| mechanism of hypolipidemic effect of crocin in rats: crocin inhibits pancreatic lipase. | the hypolipidemic mechanism of crocin, an active ingredient in gardenia jasminoides ellis and crocus sativus l, was examined in rats. in diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats, a 10-day treatment with crocin significantly reduced serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (vldl) cholesterol level in the daily dose range of 25 to 100 mg/kg. results of the modified fat-loading method indicated that crocin inhibited the absorption of ... | 2006 | 16828739 |
| crocus sativus l. extracts antagonize memory impairments in different behavioural tasks in the rat. | the effects of extracts of crocus sativus l. (cse), on memory were investigated in the rat by using the object recognition and the step-through passive avoidance task. in the first study, post-training administration of cse (30 and 60 g/kg) successfully counteracted extinction of recognition memory in the normal rat, suggesting that cse modulates storage and/or retrieval of information. in a subsequent study, pre-training treatment with cse (30 and 60 mg/kg) significantly antagonized the scopola ... | 2006 | 16860406 |
| relaxant effect of crocus sativus (saffron) on guinea-pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanisms. | as indicated in ancient iranian medical books, crocus sativus has therapeutic effects on respiratory diseases. the relaxant effect of this plant has been observed also on smooth muscles in previous studies. therefore, in this study the relaxant effects of aqueous-ethanolic extracts of c. sativus and one of its main constituents, safranal, were examined on guinea-pig tracheal chains. the relaxant effects of four cumulative concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract (0.15, 0.3, 0.45, and 0.60 g % ... | 2006 | 17034662 |
| inhibitory activity on amyloid-beta aggregation and antioxidant properties of crocus sativus stigmas extract and its crocin constituents. | crocus sativus stigmas are one of the widely known spices (saffron) and consist of unusually polar carotenoids. alzheimer's disease is characterized pathologically by deposition of amyloid beta-peptide (abeta) fibrils. oxidation is thought to promote abeta fibril formation and deposition. to identify agents inhibiting the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease, we examined in vitro the antioxidant properties of extract of c. sativus stigmas and its effect on abeta(1-40) fibrillogenesis. the antioxi ... | 2006 | 17090119 |
| protective effects of carotenoids from saffron on neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo. | crocus sativus l. (saffron) has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. our previous study demonstrated that crocin, a carotenoid pigment of saffron, can suppress the serum deprivation-induced death of pc12 cells by increasing glutathione (gsh) synthesis and thus inhibiting neutral sphingomyelinase (nsmase) activity and ceramide formation. the carotenoid pigments of saffron consist of crocetin di-(beta- ... | 2007 | 17215084 |
| crocetin, dimethylcrocetin, and safranal bind human serum albumin: stability and antioxidative properties. | crocetin (crt) and dimethylcrocetin (dmcrt) are derived from crocins which are found in the stigmas of saffron (crocus sativus l.), while safranal is the main component of saffron's essential oil. the aim of the present study was to examine their interaction with human serum albumin in aqueous solution at physiological conditions using constant protein concentration and various ligand contents. ft-ir and uv-visible spectroscopic methods were used to determine the ligands' binding mode, the bindi ... | 2007 | 17263501 |
| dna interaction with saffron's secondary metabolites safranal, crocetin, and dimethylcrocetin. | saffron comes from the dried red stigmas of the crocus sativus l. flower. except for its use in cooking and in traditional medicine, it has numerous applications as an antitoxic, antioxidant, and anticancer agent due to its secondary metabolites and their derivatives (safranal, crocins, crocetin, dimethylcrocetin). however, there has been no information on the interactions of these secondary metabolites with individual dna at molecular level. this study was designed to examine the interaction of ... | 2007 | 17263598 |
| effects of crocin on reperfusion-induced oxidative/nitrative injury to cerebral microvessels after global cerebral ischemia. | this paper studied the effects of crocin, a pharmacologically active component of crocus sativus l., on ischemia/reperfusion (i/r) injury in mice cerebral microvessels. transient global cerebral ischemia (20 min), followed by 24 h of reperfusion, significantly promoted the generation of nitric oxide (no) and malondialdehyde (mda) in cortical microvascular homogenates, as well as markedly reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod) and glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) and promoted the act ... | 2007 | 17274961 |