| phylogenetic relationships and heterogeneous evolutionary processes among phrynosomatine sand lizards (squamata, iguanidae) revisited. | phylogenetic analyses of dna sequences were conducted to evaluate four alternative hypotheses of phrynosomatine sand lizard relationships. sequences comprising 2871 aligned base pair positions representing the regions spanning nd1-coi and cyt b-trna(thr) of the mitochondrial genome from all recognized sand lizard species were analyzed using unpartitioned parsimony and likelihood methods, likelihood methods with assumed partitions, bayesian methods with assumed partitions, and bayesian mixture mo ... | 2008 | 18362078 |
| an electrophoretic study of the hemoglobins of the sand lizards, callisaurus, cophosaurus, holbrookia and uma. | | 1970 | 5455641 |
| cellular composition of the islets of langerhans in the indian sand-lizard uromastix hardwickii. | | 1974 | 4134240 |
| [histogenesis of the follicular epithelium and formation of the vitelline membrane of lacerta agilis and agama caucasica oocytes]. | | 1970 | 5534466 |
| [research on glycoregulation in lacerta agilis chersonensis]. | | 2016 | 5511407 |
| the morphology of the indian sand lizard, ophiomorus tridactylus (blyth) boulenger. | | 1969 | 5407947 |
| monoaminergic innervation patterns in the anterior dorsal ventricular ridge of a lacertid lizard, psammodromus algirus. | in contrast to the view of a diffuse monoaminergic innervation of the telencephalon, studies on the monoaminergic innervation in certain mammalian isocortical regions have shown a high degree of regional and laminar specificity. the present study was designed to examine the distribution patterns of dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin in a telencephalic structure, the anterior dorsal ventricular ridge, of the sand lizard psammodromus algirus (lacertidae) using specific antibodies against each m ... | 1994 | 7987666 |
| comparative demography of sympatric populations of lacerta vivipara and lacerta agilis. | a mark-recapture study was carried out in sympatric populations of lacerta agilis and lacerta vivipara in the netherlands from 1976 to 1982. in most years the age structure of both populations was pyramidal. for both species life expectation of females was higher and on average they did live longer. hence the sex ratio for adults deviated significantly from 1.0 in favour of females. maximum age for lacerta vivipara was 8 years (female) and for lacerta agilis 12 years (male). the density of both ... | 1988 | 28312374 |
| [ultrastructure of the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney and of the peripolar cells in the sand lizard (lacerta agilis)]. | in 9 sand lizards ultrastructure of the juxtaglomerular complex of the kidney has been studied. it is presented as juxtaglomerular cells, situating in the middle tunic of the afferent glomerular arteriole near the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle. cytoplasm of these cells contains secretory granules at various stages of development: young, maturing and mature, as well as solid corpuscles and myofilaments. in some nephrons primitive forms of the macula densa and the juxtaglomerular island occ ... | 1987 | 3446102 |
| the fine structure of extraocular muscles of the lizard, lacerta agilis l. | | 1969 | 5372765 |
| [postnatal biomorphosis of the ependyma in the telencephalon of lacerta agilis agilis (l.)]. | | 1969 | 4906482 |
| [light and electron microscopic studies of the islands of langerhans of lizards (lacerta agilis l., lacerta viridis laurenti)]. | | 1967 | 4177603 |
| extreme plasticity in reproductive biology of an oviparous lizard. | most oviparous squamate reptiles lay their eggs when embryos have completed less than one-third of development, with the remaining two-thirds spent in an external nest. even when females facultatively retain eggs in dry or cold conditions, such retention generally causes only a minor (<10%) decrease in subsequent incubation periods. in contrast, we found that female sand lizards (lacerta agilis) from an experimentally founded field population (established ca. 20 years ago on the southwest coast ... | 2018 | 30038742 |
| [unilateral anophthalmos with brain malformation in lacerta agilis agilis (l.)]. | | 1966 | 5987083 |
| comparative pathophysiology of the paroxysmal electroencephalogram. paroxysmal electroencephalogram (spike and wave activity) in the lizard (lacerta agilis). | | 1966 | 4223463 |
| the anatomy of the heart of the indian sand lizard, ophiomorus tridactylus blyth. | | 1965 | 5851818 |
| fluorescent mast-cell reaction in precancerous skin of the lizard lacerta agilis. | | 1958 | 13590273 |
| [new data on fertilization of lacerta agilis]. | | 1955 | 14380141 |
| nuclear and mtdna-based phylogeny of southern african sand lizards, pedioplanis (sauria: lacertidae). | the diversity of lacertid lizards in africa is highest in the southern african subcontinent, where over two-thirds of the species are endemic. with eleven currently recognized species, pedioplanis is the most diverse among the southern african genera. in this study we use 2200 nucleotide positions derived from two mitochondrial markers (nd2 and 16s rrna) and one nuclear gene (rag-1) to (i) assess the phylogeny of pedioplanis and (ii) estimate divergence time among lineages using the relaxed mole ... | 2007 | 17588779 |
| differential sex allocation in sand lizards: bright males induce daughter production in a species with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. | in sand lizards (lacerta agilis), males with more and brighter nuptial coloration also have more dna fragments visualized in restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of their major histocompatibility complex class i loci (and, hence, are probably more heterozygous at these loci). such males produce more viable offspring, with a particularly strong viability effect on daughters. this suggests that females should adjust both their reproductive investment and offspring sex ratio in relatio ... | 2005 | 17148211 |
| [morphology of the endocrine portion of the reptile pancreas]. | the endocrinous part of the pancreatic gland of reptiles lacerta agilis, agama sanguinolenta, varanus griseus, testudo horsfieldi and clemmus caspica is formed by a-, b- and d-cells. the main form of its structural organization is pancreatic islands. in adition to them, remnants of the "external epithelium" are found in varanus griseus and a-cells disposed outside of the pancreatic islands in testudo horsfieldi and clemmys caspica. as compared with amphibia, reptiles have a better developed coun ... | 1976 | 799926 |
| the motor end plates in extraocular muscles of the lizard, lacerta agilis l. | | 1974 | 4466139 |
| structure of muscle fibres and motor end-plates in the intercostal muscles of lizard, lacerta agilis l. | | 1974 | 4460437 |
| effects of male telomeres on probability of paternity in sand lizards. | standardized swim-up trials are used in in vitro fertilization clinics to select particularly motile spermatozoa in order to increase the probability of a successful fertilization. such trials demonstrate that sperm with longer telomeres have higher motility and lower levels of dna damage. regardless of whether sperm motility, and successful swim-up to fertilization sites, is a direct or correlational effect of telomere length or dna damage, covariation between telomere length and sperm performa ... | 2018 | 30135115 |
| in vitro virulence characteristics of rare serovars of salmonella enterica isolated from sand lizards (lacerta agilis l.). | the aim of this study was to estimate virulence potential of salmonella enterica strains colonizing the gut of free-living sand lizards (lacerta agilis l.). the strains belonged to three salmonella serovars: abony, schleissheim, and telhashomer. adhesion and invasion abilities of the strains were determined in quantitative assays using the gentamicin protection method. induction of apoptosis was assessed using hela cell monolayers. pcr assays were used for detection of 26 virulence genes localis ... | 2018 | 29779148 |
| sand lizards lacerta agilis with higher digit ratios are more likely to autotomy. | digit ratio is a morphological feature regarded as a biomarker of the balance of sex hormones during early development. the exposure of embryos to a set of sex hormones and the mutual relations between those hormones cause the emergence of individual morphological and/or behavioural characteristics as well as differences between sexes. we have thus hypothesised that differences in one of these morphological traits-digit ratio-may be a proxy representing a tendency towards tail autotomy. the aim ... | 2020 | 32659045 |
| telomere length mirrors age structure along a 2200-m altitudinal gradient in a mediterranean lizard. | the timing of organisms' senescence is developmentally programmed but also shaped by the interaction between environmental inputs and life-history traits. in ectotherms, ageing dynamics are still poorly understood even though their body temperature, metabolism, or growth trajectory are very sensitive to environmental changes. here, we investigated the role of life-history traits such as age, sex, body size, body condition, and tail autotomy (i.e self-amputation) in shaping telomere length in six ... | 2020 | 32522626 |
| chromosome painting does not support a sex chromosome turnover in lacerta agilis linnaeus, 1758. | reptiles show a remarkable diversity of sex determination mechanisms and sex chromosome systems, derived from different autosomal pairs. the origin of the zw sex chromosomes of lacerta agilis, a widespread eurasian lizard species, is a matter of discussion: is it a small macrochromosome from the 11-18 group common to all lacertids, or does this species have a unique zw pair derived from the large chromosome 5? using independent molecular cytogenetic methods, we investigated the karyotype of l. a ... | 2020 | 32092753 |
| contrasting seasonal patterns of telomere dynamics in response to environmental conditions in the ectothermic sand lizard, lacerta agilis. | telomeres, the protective, terminal parts of the chromosomes erode during cell division and as a result of oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ros). ectotherms rely on the ambient temperature for maintaining temperature-dependent metabolic rate, regulated through behavioural thermoregulation. their temperature-dependant metabolism, hence also the ros production, is indirectly regulated through thermoregulation. consequently, a potential causal chain affecting telomere length and attriti ... | 2020 | 31932620 |
| phylogenetic structure of holbrookia lacerata (cope 1880) (squamata: phrynosomatidae): one species or two? | species delimitation attempts to match species-level taxonomy with actual evolutionary lineages. such taxonomic conclusions are typically, but not always, based on patterns of congruence across multiple data sources and methods of analyses. here, we use this pluralistic approach to species delimitation to help resolve uncertainty in species boundaries of phrynosomatid sand lizards of the genus holbrookia. specifically, the spot-tailed earless lizard (h. lacerata) was historically divided into a ... | 2019 | 31716318 |
| primary myogenesis in the sand lizard (lacerta agilis) limb bud. | our studies conducted on reptilian limb muscle development revealed, for the first time, early forelimb muscle differentiation at the morphological and molecular level. sand lizard skeletal muscle differentiation in the early forelimb bud was investigated by light, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy as well as western blot. the early forelimb bud, filled with mesenchymal cells, is surrounded by monolayer epithelium cells. the immunocytochemical analysis revealed the presence of pax3- ... | 2019 | 31214772 |
| coalescent-based species delimitation in the sand lizards of the liolaemus wiegmannii complex (squamata: liolaemidae). | coalescent-based algorithms coupled with the access to genome-wide data have become powerful tools for assessing questions on recent or rapid diversification, as well as delineating species boundaries in the absence of reciprocal monophyly. in southern south america, the diversification of liolaemus lizards during the pleistocene is well documented and has been attributed to the climatic changes that characterized this recent period of time. past climatic changes had harsh effects at extreme lat ... | 2019 | 31128241 |
| how accurately do behavioural observations predict reproductive success in free-ranging lizards? | behavioural ecologists often use data on patterns of male-female association to infer reproductive success of free-ranging animals. for example, a male seen with several females during the mating season is predicted to father more offspring than a male not seen with any females. we explored the putative correlation between this behaviour and actual paternity (as revealed by microsatellite data) from a long-term study on sand lizards ( lacerta agilis), including behavioural observations of 574 ad ... | 2019 | 30958138 |
| understanding the evolution of reptile chromosomes through applications of combined cytogenetics and genomics approaches. | studies of reptile (nonavian reptiles) chromosomes began well over a century ago (1897) with the initial report on the description of sand lizard (lacerta agilis) chromosomes. since then, chromosome analysis in reptiles has contributed significantly to understanding chromosome evolution in vertebrates. reptile karyotypes are also unique, as being the only vertebrate group where the majority of the species possess variable numbers of macro- and microchromosomes, which was first reported for iguan ... | 2019 | 30645998 |
| light and scanning electron microscopy of the tongue of the sand lizard (lacerta agilis). | despite the fact that numerous reptile species are widely studied by the researchers, information describing the detailed structure of particular organs in many reptiles is missing. | 2019 | 30009360 |
| tracing the developmental origin of a lizard skull: chondrocranial architecture, heterochrony, and variation in lacertids. | the sand lizard, lacerta agilis, is a classical model species in herpetology. its adult skull anatomy and its embryonic development are well known. the description of its fully formed primordial skull by ernst gaupp, in 1900, was a key publication in vertebrate morphology and influenced many comparative embryologists. based on recent methodological considerations, we restudied the early cranial development of this species starting as early as the formation of mesenchymal condensations up to the ... | 2018 | 29882601 |
| are lizards sensitive to anomalous seasonal temperatures? long-term thermobiological variability in a subtropical species. | alterations in thermal niches have been widely associated with the anthropocene erosion of reptiles' diversity. they entail potential physiological constraints for organisms' performance, which can lead to activity restrictions and impact fitness and demography. reptiles are ectotherms which rely on seasonal periodicity to maximize the performance of biological functions. despite it, the ecological implications of shifts in local temperatures are barely explored at the seasonal scale. this study ... | 2019 | 31856183 |
| extracting physiological information in experimental biology via eulerian video magnification. | videographic material of animals can contain inapparent signals, such as color changes or motion that hold information about physiological functions, such as heart and respiration rate, pulse wave velocity, and vocalization. eulerian video magnification allows the enhancement of such signals to enable their detection. the purpose of this study is to demonstrate how signals relevant to experimental physiology can be extracted from non-contact videographic material of animals. | 2019 | 31831016 |
| the first known fossil uma: ecological evolution and the origins of north american fringe-toed lizards. | fossil evidence suggests that extant north american lizard genera (north of mexico) evolved during the miocene. although fossils of the clade phrynosomatidae (spiny lizards and sand lizards) have been reported, there have been no previously described fossils of the fringe-toed sand lizards (uma). in the extant biota, uma inhabit arid deserts, and members of the western clade of uma are restricted to sand dunes or other habitats containing fine-grained sand. | 2019 | 31492110 |