Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| observations on the structure and the nature of nr bodies found in the testes of bed-bug. | 1955 | 13280279 | |
| a note on resistance of bed bugs to ddt in bombay state. | 1956 | 13366407 | |
| the insecticide-resistance problem: a review of developments in 1956 and 1957. | the author reviews the growth of the insecticide-resistance problem throughout the world during the period between july 1956 and november 1957, and the developments in research on the subject during the same period.three new resistant species have been discovered-anopheles subpictus, chrysomyia putoria and rhipicephalus sanguineus-and eight new types of resistance in already resistant species have been observed. moreover, the geographical area covered by certain resistant insect populations has ... | 1958 | 13536795 |
| methods for measuring insecticide susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed bugs, fleas and lice. | a standard kit is prepared and distributed by who for testing insecticide resistance in adult mosquitos, and it would seem advantageous to be able to use the filter papers impregnated with ddt and dieldrin contained in this kit for testing resistance in other insects. experiments have been successfully conducted with a view to developing methods based on the use of these papers for testing susceptibility levels in bed-bugs, cone-nosed bugs, fleas and lice. the designs of the various test methods ... | 1961 | 13689412 |
| insecticide-resistance in bed-bugs and flies in zanzibar. | 1961 | 13707974 | |
| ["biological" crystallization of the hemoglobin in the blood ingested by the bedbug cimex lectularius linne 1758]. | 1961 | 13735470 | |
| a survey of bed-bug resistance to insecticides in israel. | fourteen strains of bed-bugs collected from various places in israel and one normally susceptible strain from the laboratories of j. r. geigy s.a., basle, switzerland, were tested for their resistance to ddt and gamma-bhc. a very high degree of resistance to ddt was found in most of the strains, indicating that ddt-resistance is very widespread in israel. a moderate to low resistance to gamma-bhc was observed in several strains. | 1959 | 13829045 |
| pyralis pictalis curt. (pyralidae: lepidoptera) larvae as predators of eggs of bed bug, cimex hemipterus fab. (cimicidae: hemiptera). | 1960 | 13831355 | |
| further observations on the technique for quantitative estimation of susceptibility of bed-bugs to contact insecticides. | 1962 | 13911373 | |
| studies in the experimental transmission of mf. bancrofti and mf. malayi by bed-bugs: negative results. | 1962 | 13913317 | |
| loss of haemoglobin iron due to excessive biting by bed bugs. a possible aetiological factor in the iron deficiency anaemia of infants and children. | 1962 | 13925320 | |
| are bed bugs vectors of filariasis? | 1963 | 13938040 | |
| new methods for the maintenance of a laboratory colony of bed-bugs, cimex hemipterus fabricius, with observations on its biology. | 1961 | 14005331 | |
| laboratory rearing of cockroaches, bed-bugs, human lice and fleas. | 1964 | 14272467 | |
| resistance to dieldrin and ddt and sensitivity to malathion in the bed-bug cimex hemipterus in malaya. | 1960 | 14437086 | |
| reducing a cost of traumatic insemination: female bedbugs evolve a unique organ. | the frequent wounding of female bedbugs (cimex lectularius: cimicidae) during copulation has been shown to decrease their fitness, but how females have responded to this cost in evolutionary terms is unclear. the evolution of a unique anatomical structure found in female bedbugs, the spermalege, into which the male's intromittent organ passes during traumatic insemination, is a possible counteradaptation to harmful male traits. several functions have been proposed for this organ, and we test two ... | 2003 | 14667353 |
| costly traumatic insemination and a female counter-adaptation in bed bugs. | male bed bugs pierce females through the body wall and inseminate directly into the body cavity. it has previously been shown that such traumatic insemination carries costs for females, and sexual conflict regarding the mode of insemination should thus propel male-female coevolution. since males accumulate sexually antagonistic adaptations, females should evolve counter-adaptations that efficiently abate the costs to females of sexual interactions. yet, unambiguous experimental evidence for fema ... | 2003 | 14667354 |
| an automated feeding apparatus for in vitro maintenance of the human head louse, pediculus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae). | an automated feeding apparatus was developed to maintain the human head louse (pediculus capitis degeer) in vitro. with the use of valves and timers, banked human blood and saline from refrigerated reservoirs were pumped into and flushed out of the system every 7 d. during this rotational interval, bloodmeals were provided to head lice continuously and ad libitum through a stretched nescofilm-silicone sandwich membrane. compared with our previous in vitro human head louse-rearing apparatus, grea ... | 2003 | 14765655 |
| ectoparasite associations of bats from central pennsylvania. | between april and october 1997, 689 bats representing seven species were captured at pennsylvania's canoe creek state park. each bat was sampled for ectoparasitic arthropods, and four species were collected from 13.2% of the host individuals. ectoparasites include the bat flea myodopsylla insignis (rothschild), the wing mite spinturnix americanus (banks), the bed bug cimex adjunctus barber, and the soft tick ornithodoros kelleyi cooley & kohls. prevalence, relative density, and mean intensity we ... | 2003 | 14765658 |
| using property based sequence motifs and 3d modeling to determine structure and functional regions of proteins. | homology modeling has become an essential tool for studying proteins that are targets for medical drug design. this paper describes the approach we developed that combines sequence decomposition techniques with distance geometry algorithms for homology modeling to determine functionally important regions of proteins. we show here the application of these techniques to targets of medical interest chosen from those included in the casp5 (critical assessment of techniques for protein structure pred ... | 2004 | 15032606 |
| [not available]. | 1949 | 15406087 | |
| nitric oxide interaction with insect nitrophorins and thoughts on the electron configuration of the {feno}6 complex. | the nitrophorins are no-carrying heme proteins that are found in the saliva of two species of blood-sucking insects, the kissing bug (rhodnius prolixus) and the bedbug (cimex lectularius). in both insects the no is bound to the ferric form of the protein, which gives rise to kds in the micromolar to nanomolar range, and thus upon injection of the saliva into the tissues of the victim the no can dissociate to cause vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation. the structures of the protein ... | 2005 | 15598503 |
| phylogenetic characterization of wolbachia symbionts infecting cimex lectularius l. and oeciacus vicarius horvath (hemiptera: cimicidae). | wolbachia symbionts are obligate intracellular bacteria that cause host reproductive alterations in many arthropods and filarial nematodes. we identified wolbachia symbionts in the cliff swallow bug (oeciacus vicarious horvath) and the human bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) (hemiptera: cimicidae) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification and sequencing using wolbachia-specific 16s rdna and ftsz primers. phylogenetic analyses using bayesian, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony algorith ... | 2004 | 15605657 |
| heme-assisted s-nitrosation of a proximal thiolate in a nitric oxide transport protein. | certain bloodsucking insects deliver nitric oxide (no) while feeding, to induce vasodilation and inhibit blood coagulation. we have expressed, characterized, and determined the crystal structure of the cimex lectularius (bedbug) nitrophorin, the protein responsible for no storage and delivery, to understand how the insect successfully handles this reactive molecule. surprisingly, no binds not only to the ferric nitrophorin heme, but it can also be stored as an s-nitroso (sno) conjugate of the pr ... | 2005 | 15637157 |
| systemic immediate allergic reactions to arthropod stings and bites. | most of the encounters with biting and stinging insects result in more or less pronounced localized reactions. typically, urticarial wheals and papular reactions are observed. less often local bullous or hemorrhagic or disseminated papular reactions, particularly in children and immunologically naive adults, may be seen. with the exception of bee and wasp venom allergies, immediate-type allergic reactions to arthropod stings and bites are rare. systemic ige-mediated hypersensitivity has also bee ... | 2005 | 15724094 |
| bed bug infestations in an urban environment. | until recently, bed bugs have been considered uncommon in the industrialized world. this study determined the extent of reemerging bed bug infestations in homeless shelters and other locations in toronto, canada. toronto public health documented complaints of bed bug infestations from 46 locations in 2003, most commonly apartments (63%), shelters (15%), and rooming houses (11%). pest control operators in toronto (n = 34) reported treating bed bug infestations at 847 locations in 2003, most commo ... | 2005 | 15829190 |
| the return of the common bedbug. | the incidence of skin disease secondary to infestation with the human bedbug, cimex lectularius, has increased dramatically in the united states and in the united kingdom. we describe a child with a recurrent pruritic eruption of urticarial, erythematous papules on the face, neck, and extremities. the etiology of her cutaneous lesions was discovered to be a bedbug infestation in the home. the epidemiology, entomology, presentation, and treatment of bedbugs and their bites are discussed. | 2005 | 15916561 |
| tick saliva is a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. | we report for the first time that saliva of the hard tick and lyme disease vector, ixodes scapularis, is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. saliva (< or = 1:500 dilutions) or salivary gland (0.1-0.5 pairs/assay) dose-dependently inhibits microvascular endothelial cell (mvec) proliferation. inhibition was also detected with the saliva of the cattle tick boophilus microplus but not with the salivary gland of anopheles gambiae, an. stephensi, lutzomyia longipalpis, phlebotomus papatasi, aedes aegy ... | 2005 | 16113800 |
| good night, sleep tight, don't let the bed bugs bite. | 2005 | 16282016 | |
| bullous allergic hypersensitivity to bed bug bites mediated by ige against salivary nitrophorin. | in central europe, bites from the common bed bug (cimex lectularius) are nowadays rather uncommon. nevertheless, infestations are sometimes observed in old framehouses and by immigration due to international travel and migration. the clinical picture of bug bites substantially varies between individuals, depending upon previous exposure and the degree of an immune response. the host immune response and potential protein antigens present in the saliva of c. lectularius or specific antibodies have ... | 2006 | 16417223 |
| patients with papular urticaria have igg antibodies to bedbug (cimex lectularius) antigens. | igg and ige against salivary gland proteins of bedbug (cimex lectularius) were assessed in comparison with mosquito (culex pipiens) and flea (pulex irritans) antigens in the sera of papular urticaria patients (group i), siblings without papular urticaria (group iia), patients' parents (group iib), and healthy controls (group iii) (immunoblotting). anti-c. lectularius igg was significantly recognized at 66 and 10 kda in 40% of group i, besides others ranging from 45 to 107 kda. group iia signific ... | 2006 | 16425065 |
| malaria control using deltamethrin impregnated bed nets in a cantonment area at allahabad (u. p.). | the study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of deltamethrin impregnated mosquito nets on malaria incidence, mosquito density, any adverse side effect among users and collateral effects on bed bugs and houseflies. a field trial was carried out over a period of three years in two adjacent military stations at allahabad (up), keeping one as a trial and other as a control station. during first year, baseline data were collected and during next two years residual spray was replaced with use of de ... | 2004 | 16509253 |
| trauma, disease and collateral damage: conflict in cimicids. | the bed bugs and bat bugs (hemiptera: cimicidae) are unusual in being a gonochorist (separate male and female genders) taxon with obligate traumatic insemination. males of all the species in this family have a lanceolate paramere (intromittent organ) which they use to pierce the female's body wall and inseminate directly into her haemocoel, despite the presence of a functional female genital tract. mating is tightly linked to the feeding cycle in cimex lectularius, the common bed bug. in this pa ... | 2006 | 16612886 |
| wolbachia infections in the cimicidae: museum specimens as an untapped resource for endosymbiont surveys. | wolbachia spp. are obligate maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria that infect diverse arthropods and filarial nematodes. previous microscopic and molecular studies have identified wolbachia in several bed bug species (cimicidae), but little is known about how widespread wolbachia infections are among the cimicidae. because cimicids of non-medical importance are not commonly collected, we hypothesized that preserved museum specimens could be assayed for wolbachia infections. for the screeni ... | 2006 | 16672453 |
| geographic distribution of wolbachia infections in cimex lectularius (heteroptera: cimicidae). | endosymbiotic wolbachia bacteria have been previously shown to infect laboratory colonies of the human bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (heteroptera: cimicidae), but little information exists regarding the extent of infection in natural populations. we assayed c. lectularius populations from five north american regions (california, connecticut, florida, new york, and toronto, canada) and one african region (macha, zambia) for wolbachia infection by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). wolbachia inf ... | 2006 | 16892626 |
| biology of the bed bugs (cimicidae). | the cimicids, or bed bugs, belong to a highly specialized hematophagous taxon that parasitizes primarily humans, birds, and bats. their best-known member is the bed bug, cimex lectularius. this group demonstrates some bizarre but evolutionarily important biology. all members of the family cimicidae show traumatic insemination and a suite of female adaptations to this male trait. cimicids therefore constitute an ideal model system for examining the extreme causes and consequences of sexual select ... | 2007 | 16968204 |
| wash resistance and bioefficacy of olyset net--a long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito net against malaria vectors and nontarget household pests. | during recent years, long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (llins) have been developed to overcome the problems of low retreatment rates, washing, and erratic dose of the insecticide resulting in the dilution of efficacy of the conventional insecticide-treated mosquito nets. these nets are treated at factory level with insecticide either incorporated into or coated around fibers. olyset net, a polyethylene net with 2% permethrin incorporated within fibers, is one type of llin. therefore, these n ... | 2006 | 17017224 |
| notes on some ectoparasites received by the medical entomology unit, institute for medical research. | there were a spate of recent complaints of insect bites and the entomological specimens received from various sources were identified to be those of cat flea (ctenocephalides felis) and rat flea (xenopsylla cheopis), the tropical bed-bug (cimex hemipterus) and the dog louse (heterodoxus spiniger). only the fleas and the bed-bug are known to attack humans. | 2006 | 17041562 |
| arthropod-borne diseases in homeless. | homeless people are particularly exposed to ectoparasite. the living conditions and the crowded shelters provide ideal conditions for the spread of lice, fleas, ticks, and mites. body lice have long been recognized as human parasites and although typically prevalent in rural communities in upland areas of countries close to the equator, it is now increasingly encountered in developed countries especially in homeless people or inner city economically deprived population. fleas are widespread but ... | 2006 | 17114713 |
| laboratory evaluations of insecticide product efficacy for control of cimex lectularius. | a susceptible, laboratory strain of bed bug, cimex lectularius l., was used to determine the efficacy of insecticide products labeled or possessing a site label for bed bug control. field strain bed bugs also were used to evaluate one insecticide product. the lethal time (lt),, values calculated for the laboratory strain bed bugs indicated that all of the pyrethroid products killed significantly faster than chlorfenapyr (0.5% [ail; phantom: basf; lt50 = 10 d and 9 h). lamda-cyhalothrin (0.03%; d ... | 2006 | 17195676 |
| encasing mattresses in black plastic will not provide thermal control of bed bugs, cimex spp. (hemiptera: cimicidae). | the suggestion that bed bug (cimex spp.; hemiptera: cimicidae)-infested mattresses wrapped in black plastic and exposed to sunlight will be heated sufficiently to kill the bed bugs was tested. two types of mattresses were tested: a thin mattress of solid foam rubber and a thick multilayered inner spring mattress. temperature probes were placed on both upper and lower sides of the mattresses, which were wrapped in black plastic and placed outside on a summer day for >9 h wherein the ambient tempe ... | 2006 | 17195683 |
| bedbug infestations recorded in central italy. | in summer 2003 two separate infestations due to the common bedbug (cimex lectularius) occurred in pisa, italy. cutaneous reaction was evident and one patient developed a severe bullous eruption. in both cases there was circumstantial evidence for association with international travel. | 2007 | 17258934 |
| estimating the mean abundance and feeding rate of a temporal ectoparasite in the wild: afrocimex constrictus (heteroptera: cimicidae). | the feeding frequency of blood-feeding invertebrates in the wild is largely unknown but is an important predictor for the potential of disease transmission and for estimating the effects blood feeding may have on the host population. we present a method to estimate the mean feeding frequency per individual parasite from the frequency distribution of fed and unfed individuals in the wild. we used three populations of the cimicid species, afrocimex constrictus, that parasitises the fruit bat rouse ... | 2007 | 17362962 |
| insecticide resistance in the bed bug: a factor in the pest's sudden resurgence? | infestations of the bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (heteroptera: cimicidae), are increasing around the world at an alarming rate and have become a major public health concern. the evolution of insecticide resistance could be a primary factor in explaining this resurgence. extremely high levels of resistance to two pyrethroid insecticides, deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, relative to a susceptible colony, were detected in populations collected from human dwellings in kentucky and ohio. offspri ... | 2007 | 17427684 |
| resistance to dehydration between bouts of blood feeding in the bed bug, cimex lectularius, is enhanced by water conservation, aggregation, and quiescence. | to determine how the bed bug, cimex lectularius, survives in a dry environment for many months without feeding, water-balance characteristics were compared for all stages from first-instar nymphs to adults. this species is characterized by a low net transpiration rate averaging < 0.2%/h, high tolerance for dehydration (30-40% loss in body water), and an impermeable cuticle as indicated by a high critical transition temperature (ctt) in the 35-40 degrees c range, implying that this insect is adap ... | 2007 | 17488928 |
| [not available]. | 2008 | 18104260 | |
| eradication of bed-bugs, a stirlingshire experiment. | 1949 | 18108543 | |
| [effect of superficial impregnation of ddt in control of bed bugs]. | 1949 | 18117601 | |
| engineered human soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase inhibits coagulation in vitro and thrombosis in vivo. | human soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase (human scan) is a homologue of the salivary anti-coagulant apyrases injected by insects into their hosts to allow blood feeding. however, the human enzyme, unlike its insect counterparts, does not efficiently hydrolyze the platelet agonist, adp. by site-directed mutagenesis, two mutant human scans were constructed and expressed in bacteria. following refolding from inclusion bodies and purification, these enzymes were assessed for anti-coagulant and a ... | 2008 | 18222531 |
| mitochondrial and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 diversity of cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | understanding genetic variation among populations of medically significant pest insects is important in studying insecticide resistance and insect dispersal. the bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae), is widespread hematophagus insect pest around the world, including north america, and it has recently been identified as an emerging resurgent pest. to date, no studies have been conducted on genetic variation of this species. for this study, 136 adult bed bugs representing 22 sample ... | 2008 | 18402138 |
| identification of the airborne aggregation pheromone of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | adults and juveniles of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae), return to and aggregate in harborages after foraging for hosts. we tested the hypothesis that the aggregation is mediated, in part, by an airborne aggregation pheromone. volatiles from experimental c. lectularius harborages were captured on porapak q, fractionated by liquid chromatography, and bioassayed in dual-choice, still-air olfactometer experiments. of 14 compounds with >100 pg abundance in gas chromat ... | 2008 | 18470566 |
| ban bed bugs. how to prevent and identify infestations. | 2008 | 18524361 | |
| a case of imported bedbug (cimex lectularius) infestation in israel. | 2008 | 18605368 | |
| rapid rise in bed bug populations: the need to include them in the differential diagnosis of mysterious skin rashes. | 2008 | 18622343 | |
| bed bug re-emergence--what you should know. | 2008 | 18634233 | |
| temporary feeding inhibition caused by artificial abdominal distension in the bedbug, cimex lectularius. | abdominal distension of haematophagous insects caused by ingested blood has been recognised as an important contributor to triggering meal termination, feeding inhibition and further susceptibility to host signals. factors that regulate feeding behaviour of the common bedbug, cimex lectularius, are poorly understood. by injecting air directly into the body cavity of virgin female c. lectularius we artificially induced abdominal distension without providing chemical cues of the blood meal and wit ... | 2008 | 18639554 |
| situation exploitation: higher male mating success when female resistance is reduced by feeding. | optimal male and female mating rates rarely coincide. males often shift the rate in their favor by either increased signaling and by overcoming female resistance to copulation. the concept of sensory exploitation posits that males produce signals that mimic naturally selected benefits and so deceitfully attract females. however, males also have to overcome female resistance to actual copulation. males may do so by copulating during situations when the female's ability to resist is decreased beca ... | 2009 | 18752607 |
| ability of bed bug-detecting canines to locate live bed bugs and viable bed bug eggs. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius l., like other bed bug species, is difficult to visually locate because it is cryptic. detector dogs are useful for locating bed bugs because they use olfaction rather than vision. dogs were trained to detect the bed bug (as few as one adult male or female) and viable bed bug eggs (five, collected 5-6 d after feeding) by using a modified food and verbal reward system. their efficacy was tested with bed bugs and viable bed bug eggs placed in vented polyvinyl chlorid ... | 2008 | 18767752 |
| who knows the bed bug? knowledge of adult bed bug appearance increases with people's age in three counties of great britain. | the current reemergence of bed bugs in the western world has a multitude of causes. one of them may be low early detection rate of emerging infestations because of a current poor knowledge among the population of what bed bugs look like. in a survey conducted in three counties of the united kingdom, 10% of 358 individuals recognized the bed bug when presented with a live adult. older people were more likely to correctly identify the bed bug. if an increasing knowledge of the bed bug appearance f ... | 2008 | 18826041 |
| epidemic of bullous erythema on legs due to bed-bugs. | 1948 | 18870107 | |
| infestation and disinfestation with special reference to the bed-bug, cimex lectularius. | 1948 | 18874653 | |
| the relationship between ectoparasite and host; the development of cimex lectularius and ornithodorus moubata on riboflavin deficient rats. | 1947 | 18914926 | |
| biochemical and molecular analysis of deltamethrin resistance in the common bed bug (hemiptera: cimicidae). | this study establishes deltamethrin resistance in a common bed bug, cimex lectularius l., population collected from new york city (ny-bb). the ny-bb population was 264-fold more resistant to 1% deltamethrin in contact bioassay compared with an insecticide-susceptible population collected in florida (fl-bb). general esterase, glutathione s-transferase, and 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase activities of ny-bb were not statistically different from those of fl-bb. cdna fragments that encoded the open r ... | 2008 | 19058634 |
| detection of seminal fluid proteins in the bed bug, cimex lectularius, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. | the global increase of the human parasite, the common bed bug cimex lectularius, calls for specific pest control target sites. the bed bug is also a model species for sexual conflict theory which suggests that seminal fluids may be highly diverse. the species has a highly unusual sperm biology and seminal proteins may have unique functions. one-dimensional page gels showed 40-50% band sharing between c. lectularius and another cimicid species, afrocimex constrictus. however, adult, sexually rest ... | 2009 | 19091156 |
| field evaluations of insecticide treatment regimens for control of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (l.). | because bedbugs, cimex lectularius l., have not been a problem in the usa for over 40 years, few insecticide products are labeled for their control. most products that are labeled for bedbugs are pyrethroids. however, recent studies indicate that field-collected bedbugs may be resistant to pyrethroids. there are also non-pyrethroid products labeled for bedbugs, but, like the pyrethroids, none of these products has been evaluated for field efficacy. this study evaluated the efficacy of two insect ... | 2009 | 19097027 |
| reemergence of the bedbug cimex lectularius in seoul, korea. | a healthy 30-yr-old woman carrying an insect that had been caught in her living room visited the international clinic at severance hospital, seoul, in december 2007. the insect she brought was identified to be a nymph of a bedbug, cimex lectularius, and her skin rashes looked typical bedbug's bites. her apartment was investigated, and a dead body of a bedbug, cast skins, and hatched eggs were found in her rooms and neighbors' rooms in the same building. she was living in that apartment in seoul ... | 2008 | 19127335 |
| recognition and management of common ectoparasitic diseases in travelers. | this review article summarizes the ectoparasitic diseases likely to be seen by a western dermatologist. the article aims to cover both endemic diseases and those likely to present in the returning traveler. tungiasis is due to the gravid sand flea (tunga penetrans) embedding into the stratum corneum of a human host. as the flea is a ground dweller, lesions are usually present on the feet and are classically periungual. the sand flea is eventually shed spontaneously but to reduce the infection ri ... | 2009 | 19170405 |
| behavioral responses of the bed bug to insecticide residues. | the recent resurgence of bed bugs, cimex lectularius l. (heteroptera: cimicidae), has increased the demand for information about effective control tactics. several studies have focused on determining the susceptibility of bed bug populations to insecticides. however, behavioral responses of bed bugs to insecticide residues could influence their efficacy. the behavioral responses of bed bugs to deltamethrin and chlorfenapyr, two commonly used insecticides for bed bug control in the united states, ... | 2009 | 19198517 |
| bed bugs: a new morning for the nighttime pests. | 2009 | 19231644 | |
| antibody responses of domestic animals to salivary antigens of triatomainfestans as biomarkers for low-level infestation of triatomines. | hematophagous arthropods such as triatoma infestans, the vector of trypanosoma cruzi, elicit host-immune responses during feeding. characterization of antibody responses to salivary antigens offers the potential to develop immunologically based monitoring techniques for exposure to re-emergent triatomine bug populations in peridomestic animals. igg-antibody responses to the salivary antigens of t.infestans have been detected in chickens as soon as 2 days after the first exposure to five adult bu ... | 2009 | 19248784 |
| sensitivity to bites by the bedbug, cimex lectularius. | bedbugs are a public health problem and can cause significant economic losses, but little is known about the effects of bites on humans. we reviewed case reports and published papers on bedbug bites to assess the empirical basis of the commonly cited figure that only approximately 80% of the population are sensitive to bedbug bites. we found the sensitivity estimate to be based on only one study carried out 80 years ago. however, this study did not account for the now well-established fact that ... | 2009 | 19292820 |
| bed bugs (cimex lectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites. | bed bug (cimex lectularius) infestations are rapidly increasing worldwide. health consequences include nuisance biting and cutaneous and systemic reactions. the potential for bed bugs to serve as disease vectors and optimal methods for bed bug pest control and eradication are unclear. | 2009 | 19336711 |
| jama patient page. bed bugs. | 2009 | 19336718 | |
| bed bugs, leeches and hookworm larvae in the skin. | bed bugs, leeches, and hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans are skin infestations that are usually considered of minor importance because they produce discomfort rather than cause or transmit disease. bed bugs have been increasing tremendously in high-income countries in recent years, causing distress to affected individuals and economic loss. infestation by land leeches causes mainly unpleasant skin reactions, whereas infestation by aquatic leeches may be more dangerous, leading to anemia a ... | 2009 | 19362691 |
| off-host aggregation behavior and sensory basis of arrestment by cimex lectularius (heteroptera: cimicidae). | the bed bug, cimex lectularius, aggregates under filter paper disks previously stained by adults. a multiple choice assay was used to determine differences in aggregation behavior among two strains, multiple lifestages, and levels of starvation. there were no differences in level of aggregation between established and recently derived strains, or among adults and nymphs of different instars. propensity to aggregate decreased with time since feeding, but preference for stained disks remained high ... | 2009 | 19418598 |
| detection of a new bacterium related to 'candidatus midichloria mitochondrii' in bed bugs. | 2009 | 19438654 | |
| evaluation of two least toxic integrated pest management programs for managing bed bugs (heteroptera: cimicidae) with discussion of a bed bug intercepting device. | the cost and effectiveness of two bed bug (cimex lectularius l.) integrated pest management (ipm) programs were evaluated for 10 wk. sixteen bed bug-infested apartments were chosen from a high-rise low-income apartment building. the apartments were randomly divided into two treatment groups: diatomaceous earth dust-based ipm (d-ipm) and chlorfenapyr spray-based ipm (s-ipm). the initial median (minimum, maximum) bed bug counts (by visual inspection) of the two treatment groups were 73.5 (10, 352) ... | 2009 | 19496428 |
| addition of alarm pheromone components improves the effectiveness of desiccant dusts against cimex lectularius. | we demonstrate that the addition of bed bug, cimex lectularius, alarm pheromone to desiccant formulations greatly enhances their effectiveness during short-term exposure. two desiccant formulations, diatomaceous earth (de) and dri-die (silica gel), were applied at the label rate with and without bed bug alarm pheromone components, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-octenal, and a (e)-2-hexenal:(e)-2-octenal blend. first-instar nymphs and adult females were subjected to 10-min exposures, and water loss rates w ... | 2009 | 19496429 |
| a carbon dioxide, heat and chemical lure trap for the bedbug, cimex lectularius. | a trap for the collection of bedbugs, cimex lectularius linnaeus (hemiptera: cimicidae), is described. the trap was baited with co2 (50-400 ml/min), heat (37.2-42.2 degrees c) and a chemical lure comprised of 33.0 microg proprionic acid, 0.33 microg butyric acid, 0.33 microg valeric acid, 100 microg octenol and 100 microg l-lactic acid, impregnated into a gel. laboratory studies, conducted in a square arena measuring 183 cm on each side, showed that traps with and without baits captured adult be ... | 2009 | 19499616 |
| . . . and bed bugs on the rise. | 2009 | 19530264 | |
| bacteriolytic activity in the ejaculate of an insect. | the rapid evolution of ejaculate components is considered to be largely driven by sexual selection. less attention has been paid to the fact that sperm and microorganisms frequently meet; we consequently predict selection for substances that protect a male's ejaculate. we report, for the first time, bacteriolytic activity (lysozyme-like immune activity [lla]) in the ejaculate of an animal, the common bedbug cimex lectularius. we also show that in almost half the males lla in the seminal fluid ex ... | 2009 | 19548839 |
| bedbugs. | cimex lectularius (the "bedbug") is an insect that feeds nocturnally, taking a requisite blood meal from a sleeping human or other parasitized host. immunological reactions to bedbug saliva vary, but typically, bites yield erythematous and pruritic papules. the face and distal extremities, areas uncovered by sleeping clothes or blankets, are preferentially involved. until the late 1990s, bedbug infestations in the united states were declining. resurgence is attributed to increased travel and res ... | 2009 | 19580578 |
| lethal effects of heat and use of localized heat treatment for control of bed bug infestations. | bed bugs, cimex lectularius l., hide in cracks and crevices in furniture and are difficult to control. the bed bug thermal death kinetics were examined to develop a heat treatment method to eliminate bed bug infestations in room contents. high temperatures caused temporary immobilization (knockdown) of bed bugs even with exposures that did not have lethal effects. exposure of bed bug adults to 39 degrees c for 240 min caused no mortality; however, as temperatures increased from 41 to 49 degrees ... | 2009 | 19610436 |
| efficacy of permethrin treated long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria transmission and observations on the perceived side effects, collateral benefits and human safety in a hyperendemic tribal area of orissa, india. | studies were conducted on the efficacy of olyset nets-a long-lasting insecticidal net (llin) factory treated with 2% (w/w) permethrin on malaria transmission in an area under the influence of pyrethroid susceptible vector species anopheles culicifacies and a. fluviatilis in sundargarh district, orissa, india. the study area comprised 22 villages that were randomized into three clusters and designated as olyset net, untreated net, and no net area. malaria incidence in the study population was mea ... | 2009 | 19647715 |
| [ectoparasites. part 2: bed bugs, demodex, sand fleas and cutaneous larva migrans]. | ectoparasites or epidermal parasites include a very heterogenous group of infections of the outer layers of the skin. worldwide the most common are scabies, lice, tungiasis, and hookworm-induced cutaneous larva migrans. in recent years, bed bug infestations in hotels or vacation homes seem to have become more frequent. demodex folliculorum and demodex brevis are found in the facial and scalp hair follicles in 95% of individuals. classic demodex folliculitis is often overlooked in differential di ... | 2009 | 19701614 |
| the feeding process of cimex lectularius (linnaeus 1758) and cimex hemipterus (fabricius 1803) on different bloodmeal sources. | the bedbugs cimex lectularius and cimex hemipterus are obligate hematophages in all their nymphal instars as well as in the adult stage. the efficiency with which the insects obtain blood from their hosts is directly related to their population dynamics. in the present study we compared the feeding process and salivary content in individuals of these two species when fed on different blood sources or host sites, using a cibarial pump electromyogram. females ingested more blood than males but nee ... | 2009 | 19712677 |
| bed bug (heteroptera: cimicidae) attraction to pitfall traps baited with carbon dioxide, heat, and chemical lure. | carbon dioxide (co2), heat, and chemical lure (1-octen-3-ol and l-lactic acid) were tested as attractants for bed bugs, cimex lectularius l. (heteroptera: cimicidae), by using pitfall traps. both co2 and heat were attractive to bed bugs. co2 was significantly more attractive to bed bugs than heat. traps baited with chemical lure attracted more bed bugs but at a statistically nonsignificant level. in small arena studies (56 by 44 cm), pitfall traps baited with co2 or heat trapped 79.8 +/- 6.7 and ... | 2009 | 19736771 |
| effect of population structure and size on aggregation behavior of cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae). | the bed bug, cimex lectularius l. (hemiptera: cimicidae), occurs in aggregations until the conditions are no longer beneficial, leading to dispersal. active and passive bed bug dispersal causes migrations from main aggregations either within a room, from room to room within a building, or from building to building. because bed bug movement is an important factor in the spread of infestations, we wanted to determine how population structure and size affect bed bug aggregations. engorged bed bugs ... | 2009 | 19769030 |
| experiments on insect transmission of the virus of poliomyelitis. | the domestic fly (musca domestica) can carry the virus of poliomyelitis in an active state for several days upon the surface of the body and for several hours within the gastro-intestinal tract. mosquitos (culex pipiens, culex sollicitans, and culex cantator), in our experiments, have not taken up and maintained in a living state the virus from the spinal cord of monkeys. lice (pediculus capitis and pediculus vestimenti) have not taken the virus out of the blood of monkeys or maintained it in a ... | 1912 | 19867617 |
| the distribution of rickettsia in the tissues of insects and arachnids. | in the absence of a satisfactory definition of rickettsia the observations herein recorded were arbitrarily limited to bacterium-like organisms which are intracellular and gram-negative. rickettsia of this type were found in the following species: amblyomma americana, amblyomma hebraeum, boophilus decoloratus, atomus sp., casinaria infesta, chrysopa oculata, ctenocephalus canis, dermacentor variabilis, lepisma saccharina, lucoppia curviseta, margaropus annulatus, margaropus annulatus australis, ... | 1923 | 19868737 |
| studies on typhus fever : iii. studies of lice and bedbugs (cimex lectularius) with mexican typhus fever virus. | our experiments have shown that the mooser bodies or rickettsiae derived from guinea pigs with mexican typhus fever can survive in bedbugs after intra-coelomic injection for 10 days, remaining capable of infection. we have also succeeded in similarly infecting bedbugs by allowing them to feed on benzolized rats in whose blood rickettsiae had been shown to be present. injection of the organs of such bedbugs 5 days after the last, 9 days after the first infectious feeding into guinea pigs produced ... | 1930 | 19869795 |
| bed bugs - what the gp needs to know. | since the mid 1990s, there has been a global resurgence of bed bugs (cimex spp.), which are blood feeding insects that readily bite humans. patients suffering with bite reactions are increasingly presenting to medical practitioners. | 2009 | 19893834 |
| responses of the bed bug, cimex lectularius, to temperature extremes and dehydration: levels of tolerance, rapid cold hardening and expression of heat shock proteins. | this study of the bed bug, cimex lectularius, examines tolerance of adult females to extremes in temperature and loss of body water. although the supercooling point (scp) of the bed bugs was approximately -20 degrees c, all were killed by a direct 1 h exposure to -16 degrees c. thus, this species cannot tolerate freezing and is killed at temperatures well above its scp. neither cold acclimation at 4 degrees c for 2 weeks nor dehydration (15% loss of water content) enhanced cold tolerance. howeve ... | 2009 | 19941608 |
| ejaculate components delay reproductive senescence while elevating female reproductive rate in an insect. | increased female reproductive rates usually result in accelerated senescence. this correlation provides a link between the evolutionary conflict of the sexes and aging when ejaculate components elevate female reproductive rates at the cost of future reproduction. it is not clear whether this female cost is manifest as shorter lifespan or an earlier onset or a steeper rate of reproductive senescence. it also is unclear whether beneficial ejaculates release females from reproductive trade-offs and ... | 2009 | 19996174 |
| cimex lectularius--an unwelcome train attendant. | 2010 | 20007064 | |
| ectoparasites from feral pigeons affecting humans. | feral pigeons pose a considerable health risk to the human population. they are vectors of infectious diseases and source of antigens causing allergic diseases. breeding and roosting sites of pigeons harbor parasites that may infest humans. in the present article, a concomitant parasitization of a young female with 3 different ectoparasites, the bedbug cimex lectularius, the pigeon tick argas reflexus and the red mite dermanyssus gallinae, is reported. the parasites invaded the apartment from a ... | 2010 | 20016127 |
| characterization of the antennal olfactory system of the bed bug (cimex lectularius). | the common bed bug cimex lectularius (hemiptera; cimicidae) is a temporary ectoparasite on humans that is currently reinvading the developed countries. like other haematophagous arthropods, host seeking and orientation in c. lectularius is partially mediated by olfaction. in this study, we reconfirmed the distribution of the 44 olfactory sensilla and identified 3 different sensillum types located at the distal tip of c. lectularius antenna by external morphology mapping. using a panel of relevan ... | 2010 | 20032111 |
| evaluation of piperonyl butoxide as a deltamethrin synergist for pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs. | an understanding of the mechanisms of insecticide resistance in the bed bug, cimex lectularius l., has the potential to lead to new approaches for the control of resistant populations. we used the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450) inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (pbo) to assess the role of p450s in deltamethrin resistance in three field-collected bed bug strains, la-1, cin-1 and wor-1. in addition, we exposed two highly resistant strains, cin-1 and wor-1 (resistance ratio [rr] >2,500-fold), to d ... | 2009 | 20069862 |
| wolbachia as a bacteriocyte-associated nutritional mutualist. | many insects are dependent on bacterial symbionts that provide essential nutrients (ex. aphid-buchnera and tsetse-wiglesworthia associations), wherein the symbionts are harbored in specific cells called bacteriocytes that constitute a symbiotic organ bacteriome. facultative and parasitic bacterial symbionts like wolbachia have been regarded as evolutionarily distinct from such obligate nutritional mutualists. however, we discovered that, in the bedbug cimex lectularius, wolbachia resides in a ba ... | 2010 | 20080750 |
| a bioassay for studying behavioural responses of the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae) to bed bug-derived volatiles. | the common bed bug, cimex lectularius (hemiptera: cimicidae), has recently re-emerged in increasing numbers, distribution and intensity of infestation in many countries. current control relies on the application of residual pesticides; but, due to the development of insecticide resistance, there is a need for new tools and techniques. semiochemicals (behaviour and physiology modifying chemicals) could be exploited for management of bed bugs. however, in order to identify semiochemicals that can ... | 2011 | 20102661 |