| in vitro microbiological characterization of a novel azalide, two triamilides and an azalide ketal against bovine and porcine respiratory pathogens. | several novel 15-membered-ring macrolide agents (azalide 1, triamilides 2 and 3, and the azalide 3,6-ketal 4) were identified as potential antibacterial agents against mannheimia (formerly named as pasteurella) haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, haemophilus somnus and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, important etiological agents of bovine and porcine respiratory disease. compound 3 is the major component of the antibiotic tulathromycin. antibacterial activity against tilmicosin-resistant p. mul ... | 2004 | 15217193 |
| potential involvement of gelatinases and their inhibitors in mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia in cattle. | mannheimia haemolytica infection of the lower respiratory tract of cattle results in a bronchofibrinous pneumonia characterized by massive cellular influx and lung tissue remodeling and scarring. since altered levels of gelatinases and their inhibitors have been detected in a variety of inflammatory conditions and are associated with tissue remodeling, we examined the presence of gelatinases in lesional and nonlesional lung tissue obtained from calves experimentally infected with m. haemolytica. ... | 2004 | 15271895 |
| fatal meningitis in a calf caused by mannheimia varigena. | mannheimia varigena was identified as the etiologic agent of meningitis in a young belgian white blue heifer calf. species identification of the bacterium was done by phenotyping and molecularly confirmed by tdna-pcr. standard bacteriological examination might fail to differentiate species belonging to the genus mannheimia. | 2004 | 15276768 |
| [mannheimia haemolytica and the pathogenesis of enzootic bronchopneumonia]. | mannheimia (m.) haemolytica (formerly pasteurella [p.] haemolytica) is the primary aetiological agent of pneumonic pasteurellosis--one of the most important respiratory diseases in cattle and sheep. while bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis is regarded to be mainly caused by m. haemolytica serotype a1, and in germany during the last years also by serotype a6, sheep can be infected by all serotypes although there is an increased prevalence of serotypes a2 and a5-7. the obligate pathogenicity of m. ha ... | 2004 | 15046457 |
| seven years survey of susceptibility to marbofloxacin of bovine pathogenic strains from eight european countries. | this study was conducted from 1994 to 2001 to determine the susceptibility of bovine pathogenic bacteria to marbofloxacin (a third generation fluoroquinolone used only in individual administration for animals). strains originated in bovine diseases from eight european countries. they were isolated from gut infections (escherichia coli, salmonellae), mastitis (e. coli, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus uberis, s. agalactiae, s. dysgalactiae) and respiratory diseases (mannheimia haemolytica, pa ... | 2004 | 15325431 |
| structural basis for iron binding and release by a novel class of periplasmic iron-binding proteins found in gram-negative pathogens. | we have determined the 1.35- and 1.45-a structures, respectively, of closed and open iron-loaded forms of mannheimia haemolytica ferric ion-binding protein a. m. haemolytica is the causative agent in the economically important and fatal disease of cattle termed shipping fever. the periplasmic iron-binding protein of this gram-negative bacterium, which has homologous counterparts in many other pathogenic species, performs a key role in iron acquisition from mammalian host serum iron transport pro ... | 2004 | 15175304 |
| differential expression of sheep beta-defensin-1 and -2 and interleukin 8 during acute mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. | beta-defensins are antimicrobial peptides produced by several cell types, including respiratory epithelia and leukocytes. expression of some beta-defensins is increased by bacterial-induced inflammatory responses whereas expression of other beta-defensins is constitutive. two beta-defensins are expressed in lungs of sheep (sheep beta-defensin-1 and -2; sbd-1/-2) and expression of sbd-1 is increased during parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3) infection. the effect of mannheimia haemolytica, a gram-n ... | 2004 | 15194156 |
| sequence diversity and molecular evolution of the heat-modifiable outer membrane protein gene (ompa) of mannheimia(pasteurella) haemolytica, mannheimia glucosida, and pasteurella trehalosi. | the ompa (or heat-modifiable) protein is a major structural component of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. the protein contains eight membrane-traversing beta-strands and four surface-exposed loops. the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of ompa were investigated in 31 mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica, 6 mannheimia glucosida, and 4 pasteurella trehalosi strains by comparative nucleotide sequence analysis. the ompa proteins of m. haemolytica and m. glucosida contain four h ... | 2004 | 15317779 |
| surfactant protein d expression in normal and pneumonic ovine lung. | surfactant protein d (sp-d) is a collagenous calcium-dependent lectin constitutively expressed by alveolar type ii pneumocytes and non-ciliated bronchiolar epithelial (clara) cells. it binds to surface glycoconjugates expressed by a wide variety of microorganisms such as gram-negative bacteria, influenza a virus, and various fungi, leading to pathogen inactivation or enhanced neutrophil and macrophage activity. since a hallmark of bronchopneumonia is the initiation of inflammation in the bronchi ... | 2004 | 15350753 |
| bacteriology and somatic cell counts in milk samples from ewes on a scottish farm. | milk samples from 50 sheep on a single scottish research farm were collected weekly for 10 wk postpartum. samples were analyzed for somatic cell counts (scc) each week and bacteriologic culture was done for 7 of the 10 wk. a total of 492 udder half samples were cultured, of which 467 had corresponding cell count data. statistical analysis on complete scc and culture data showed no association between scc and bacterial isolation, even when more than 10 colonies of a single bacterial species were ... | 2004 | 15352543 |
| isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens from bovine pneumonia: 1994--2002. | between 1994 and 2002, a total of 390 (46.3%) mannheimia haemolytica, 292 (34.7%) pasteurella multocida, and 160 (19.0%) histophilus somni were isolated at the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory from lungs from 6-18-month-old beef cattle with pneumonia. the ratio of m. haemolytica isolations to p. multocida isolations decreased from 3.1 in 1994 to 0.8 in 2000 while increasing to 1.5 in 2002. mannheimia haemolytica isolations significantly (p < 0.05) decreased from 62.5% in 1994 to bet ... | 2004 | 15460326 |
| isolation of an adenovirus and an adeno-associated virus from goat kids with enteritis. | a dairy goat operation in minnesota experienced a sudden, markedly increased mortality among its neonatal goats. approximately 60 of 130 kids (46%) died. the animals had diarrhea and dyspnea of 1-2 days duration before death. necropsy of 4 goat kids revealed marked, acute, catarrhal enteritis and fibrinous pleuropneumonia. mannheimia haemolytica was isolated from the lungs. basophilic inclusion bodies filling the entire nucleus were present in enterocytes of the ileum of 3 goats. adenoviral part ... | 2004 | 15460334 |
| toll-like receptor 4 in normal and inflamed lungs and other organs of pig, dog and cattle. | bacterial diseases, especially those of the lung caused by gram-negative bacteria, inflict significant economic loss associated with mortality and morbidity in domestic animals. toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) has recently been recognized as a major receptor for cellular interactions with lipopolysaccharides derived from gram-negative bacteria. however, there are no data on the expression of tlr4 in various organs of domestic animals. we performed immunohistochemistry and immuno-gold electron micros ... | 2004 | 15375763 |
| [pasteurella: insights into the virulence determinants of a heterogenous bacterial type]. | pasteurella (p.) multocida is the causative agent of numerous economically relevant diseases worldwide. these are enzootic bronchopneumonia in cattle and sheep and hemorraghic septicemia in cattle and buffaloes, rhinitis atrophicans in swine, snuffles in rabbit, and fowl cholera. all disease complexes are associated with certain capsular and somatic antigens. even as human pathogen p. multocida is of increasing importance, causing wound infections, and even septicemia, meningitis, and endocardit ... | 2004 | 15495927 |
| the genome sequence of the capnophilic rumen bacterium mannheimia succiniciproducens. | the rumen represents the first section of a ruminant animal's stomach, where feed is collected and mixed with microorganisms for initial digestion. the major gas produced in the rumen is co(2) (65.5 mol%), yet the metabolic characteristics of capnophilic (co(2)-loving) microorganisms are not well understood. here we report the 2,314,078 base pair genome sequence of mannheimia succiniciproducens mbel55e, a recently isolated capnophilic gram-negative bacterium from bovine rumen, and analyze its ge ... | 2004 | 15378067 |
| the comparative pathogenicity of strains of eight serovars and untypable strains of mannheimia haemolytica in experimental pneumonia of sheep. | the experimental induction of pneumonic pasteurellosis in groups of conventionally reared lambs by 8 serovars (a1, a2, a6, a7, a8, a9, t10, and a11) and untypable (ut) strains of mannheimia haemolytica (mh) were examined and compared. the groups of lambs were inoculated intratracheally with 1.4 x 10(8) +/- 0.6 x 10(8) (mean +/- sd) colony-forming units of the mh serovars or ut isolates in the 6-hour log phase of growth. the variables measured as indicators of disease severity were clinical score ... | 2004 | 15535956 |
| comparative phylogenies of the housekeeping genes atpd, infb and rpob and the 16s rrna gene within the pasteurellaceae. | phylogenies of housekeeping gene and 16s rrna gene sequences were compared to improve the classification of the bacterial family pasteurellaceae and knowledge of the evolutionary relationships of its members. deduced partial protein sequences of the housekeeping genes atpd, infb and rpob were compared in 28, 36 and 28 representative taxa of the pasteurellaceae, respectively. the monophyly of representatives of the genus gallibacterium was recognized by analysis of all housekeeping genes, while m ... | 2004 | 15388716 |
| characterization of immunodominant and potentially protective epitopes of mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 outer membrane lipoprotein plpe. | mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 (s1) is the most common bacterial isolate found in shipping fever pneumonia in beef cattle. currently used vaccines against m. haemolytica do not provide complete protection against the disease. research with m. haemolytica outer membrane proteins (omps) has shown that antibodies to one particular omp from s1, plpe, may be important in immunity. in a recently published work, members of our laboratory showed that recombinant plpe (rplpe) is highly immunogenic whe ... | 2004 | 15557652 |
| towards the establishment and standardization of a veterinary antimicrobial resistance surveillance and monitoring programme in south africa. | the objective of this study was to establish a repeatable, standardized laboratory procedure for monitoring the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from animals and food of animal origin in south africa, with reagents prepared in-house. the emergence of resistance and the spread of resistant bacteria can be limited by implementing a veterinary antimicrobial drug policy, in which inter alia systematic monitoring and prudent use play essential roles. the bacteria included ... | 2004 | 15580774 |
| [comparison of antimicrobial resistance pattern of selected respiratory tract pathogens isolated from different animal species]. | the antibiotic resistance pattern of respiratory tract pathogens isolated of different animal species suffering from respiratory tract diseases has been investigated by antibiograms performed by agar diffusion test. the results show that the resistance situation in switzerland is favourable compared with studies from other countries. however, high resistance rates were found in certain species: 61% of streptococcus spp. were resistant to erythromycin and 44% to tetracycline, 59% of bordetella br ... | 2004 | 15481587 |
| a retrospective study of mortality in pennsylvania captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus): 20000--2003. | the postmortem records of 160 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) submitted for necropsy examination from 59 separate pennsylvania captive deer farms over a 3.5-year period were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the most common causes of death were bronchopneumonia (39 cases), enterocolitis (30 cases), malnutrition (13 cases), and trauma (11 cases). other causes of mortality included severe gastrointestinal parasitism (6 cases), cellulitis with septicemia (5 ... | 2004 | 15586566 |
| characterization of the caprine (capra hircus) beta-2 integrin cd18-encoding cdna and identification of mutations potentially responsible for the ruminant-specific virulence of mannheimia haemolytica. | the leukocyte integrins play a critical role in a great number of cellular adhesive interactions during the immune response. we describe here the isolation and characterization of the caprine beta(2) (cd18) sub-unit, common to the leukocyte beta(2)-integrin family. the deduced 770-amino-acid sequence reveals a transmembrane protein with 80, 81, 83, 96 and 99% identity with its canine, murine, human, bovine and ovine homologues respectively. analysis of cd18 sequences emphasizes the functional im ... | 2004 | 15513736 |
| effect of bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on the development of pneumonia caused by mannheimia haemolytica. | the role of recruited neutrophils in mannheimia haemolytica infection is controversial. we hypothesized that the neutrophilia induced by recombinant bovine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (gcsf) would lead to rapid bacterial clearance and less severe lesions after infection with m. haemolytica. two experiments (a and b) were conducted in which four calves per experiment were treated daily with 5 microg/kg gcsf and four calves per experiment were treated with saline. all 16 calves were chal ... | 2004 | 15557073 |
| clinical evaluation of postpartum vaginal mucus reflects uterine bacterial infection and the immune response in cattle. | bacteria contaminate the uterus of most dairy cattle after parturition and endometritis causes infertility. an endometritis score can be ascribed based on the vaginal mucus character and odour but it is not clear if the clinical score reflects the number of uterine bacteria or the inflammatory response. the present study tested the hypothesis that clinical evaluation of endometritis reflects the number of bacteria present in the uterus, and the acute phase protein response. swabs (n = 328) were ... | 2005 | 15589277 |
| incubation of bovine pmns with conditioned medium from bhv-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells increases their susceptibility to mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin. | active infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) increases the susceptibility of cattle to secondary bacterial pneumonia with mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica a1. in the present study we found that bovine pmns incubated with conditioned media from bhv-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) exhibited increased lfa-1 expression, enhanced lkt binding and increased lkt cytotoxicity. these effects were abrogated when the conditioned medium was pre-incubated with an anti-il-1beta ... | 2005 | 15621305 |
| [the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility of veterinary pathogens isolated from cattle and pigs: national antibiotic resistance monitoring 2002/2003 of the bvl]. | the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring determines the current quantitative resistance level of life-stock pathogens, in order to permit the evaluation and surveillance of the distribution of resistances on a valid basis. during the examination period from june 2002 to july 2003, a total of 1849 pathogens was collected, following a representative german-wide pattern in collaboration with 29 laboratories. the selection of examined bacterial strains included different specimen causing res ... | 2004 | 15584430 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of mannheimia haemolytica isolates from cattle in japan from 2001 to 2002. | a total of 27 clinical isolates of mannheimia haemolytica from cattle in japan from 2001 to 2002 were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility to 25 antimicrobial agents. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25 different antimicrobials were determined by an agar dilution method according to the guidelines of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. of the 27 isolates, seven isolates (26.9%) were resistant to at least one of the 25 drugs and resistance rates ranged from 3.7 ... | 2005 | 15699598 |
| selective extraction of acetic acid from the fermentation broth produced by mannheimia succiniciproducens. | acetic acid is by-product from fermentation processes for producing succinic acid using mannheimia succiniciproducens . to obtain pure succinic acid from the final fermentation broth, acetic acid was selectively removed based on the different extractability of succinic acid and acetic acid with ph using tri-n-octylamine (toa) as extractant. when successive batch extractions were performed using 0.25 mol toa kg(-1) dissolved in 1-octanol at ph 5, the mol ratio of succinic acid to acetic acid befo ... | 2004 | 15604800 |
| how mannheimia haemolytica defeats host defence through a kiss of death mechanism. | mannheimia haemolytica induced pneumonias are only observed in goats, sheep and cattle. the bacterium produces several virulence factors,whose principal ones are lipopolysaccharide and leukotoxin. the latter is cytotoxic only for ruminant leukocytes, a phenomenon that is correlated with its ability to bind and interact with the ruminant beta2-integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1. this paper globally reviews all the information available on host-pathogen interactions underlying respi ... | 2005 | 15720968 |
| evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of florfenicol against bacteria isolated from bovine and porcine respiratory disease. | antimicrobial susceptibility of florfenicol (ffc) against 243 bacterial agents isolated in korea from cattle and pigs with respiratory disease were investigated by agar diffusion and microdilution broth methods following the recommendations provided by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. all actinobacillus pleuropnemoniae, pasteurella multocida, mannheimia haemolytica and 98.6% of the bordetella bronchiseptica isolates were susceptible to ffc, which as significantly more ef ... | 2005 | 15737475 |
| effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentration antibiotic levels and temperature on growth kinetics and outer membrane protein expression in mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-mics) of 2 veterinary antibiotic preparations, chlortetracycline (ctc) and chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine (ctc + smz), on growth kinetics and outer membrane protein expression in mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus at normal and febrile body temperatures. sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of both antibiotics reduced the growth rates of m. haemolytica and h. somnus. growth of bot ... | 2005 | 15745216 |
| comparison of pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and enrofloxacin in calves challenged with mannheimia haemolytica. | to compare concentrations of danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin in plasma and respiratory tissues of calves treated after challenge with mannheimia haemolytica. | 2005 | 15757137 |
| mechanisms underlying mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin-induced oncosis and apoptosis of bovine alveolar macrophages. | mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin (lkta) binds to the bovine beta2 integrins (such as lfa-1-cd11a/cd18) and leads to subsequent cellular effects in a dose dependent manner. the objectives of this study were to delineate the mechanisms that underlie lkta-induced oncosis and apoptosis and to examine the role of lkta/lfa-1 interaction in these events. the results demonstrate that lkta-induced oncosis proceeds through a lfa-1 and caspase-1 dependent pathway referred to as 'pyrotosis', ... | 2005 | 15797811 |
| the effects of inoculation of mannheimia haemolytica into the teat of lactating ewes. | the objectives of the work described in this paper were: (i) to study the outcome of challenging ewes with mannheimia haemolytica, at different sites of their teats, (ii) to compare the effects of two different isolates of the organism and (iii) to describe the features of the resulting lesions. thirty-two ewes were used in the study and allocated into one of two groups (a or b, n = 16); they were challenged with one of two isolates of m. haemolytica, respectively, strain es26l of known pathogen ... | 2005 | 15610720 |
| characterization of pasteurella hemolytica isolated from the respiratory tract of cattle. | morphological, cultural, biochemical, and serological characteristics of 43 strains of pasteurella hemolytica isolated from the respiratory tract of cattle, including 37 that had shipping fever, were determined. with one exception, all strains satisfied the major criteria for differentiation of the species from p. multocida - hemolysis on blood agar, absence of indole production, and growth on macconkey's agar. many strain variations in fermentative capacity were noted, although other biochemica ... | 1968 | 15846901 |
| rapid and accurate identification of human isolates of pasteurella and related species by sequencing the soda gene. | the identification of pasteurella and related bacteria remains a challenge. here, a 449- to 473-bp fragment (soda(int)) internal to the soda gene, encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase, was amplified and sequenced with a single pair of degenerate primers from the type strains of pasteurella (18 strains), gallibacterium (1 strain), and mannheimia (5 strains) species. the soda(int)-based phylogenetic tree was in general agreement with that inferred from the analysis of the correspo ... | 2005 | 15872260 |
| recombinant expression of bovine lfa-1 and characterization of its role as a receptor for mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin. | mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin (lkta) is the primary virulence factor contributing to the pathogenesis of lung injury in bovine pneumonic mannheimiosis (bpm), a disease which causes major economic loss to the us cattle industry annually. recent work from our laboratory using an antibody-based approach has shown that lkta binds to bovine lfa-1 in target cells. while this study suggests that lfa-1 might be a specific receptor, it remains to be conclusively shown that lfa-1 is suff ... | 2005 | 15925274 |
| viral and bacterial pathogens in bovine respiratory disease in finland. | pathogens causing bovine respiratory tract disease in finland were investigated. eighteen cattle herds with bovine respiratory disease were included. five diseased calves from each farm were chosen for closer examination and tracheobronchial lavage. blood samples were taken from the calves at the time of the investigation and from 86 calves 3-4 weeks later. in addition, 6-10 blood samples from animals of different ages were collected from each herd, resulting in 169 samples. serum samples were t ... | 2004 | 15663079 |
| [bacterially conditioned thromboembolism in dairy cows--a retrospective study of 31 necropsy cases with special consideration of the causative complex]. | a study of 340 necropsied dairy cattle from northern bavaria resulted in 31 animals (9%) showing evidence of pyemic thromboembolism. the most frequent pathomorphologic lesions consisted in endocarditis valvularis thromboticans of the tricuspid and/or mitral valve (21), embolic pneumonia (26), nephritis (13) and renal infarction (12). the most common isolate found in bacteriologic culture was arcanobacterium pyogenes in 26 of 31 cases, followed by staphylococcus aureus (2), mannheimia haemolytica ... | 2005 | 15803759 |
| tet(l)-mediated tetracycline resistance in bovine mannheimia and pasteurella isolates. | tetracycline-resistant mannheimia and pasteurella isolates, which were negative for the tetracycline resistance genes (tet) commonly detected among these bacteria, were investigated for other tet genes present and their location. | 2005 | 15972309 |
| complexities of the pathogenesis of mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus infections: challenges and potential opportunities for prevention? | progress in producing improved vaccines against bacterial diseases of cattle is limited by an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of these agents. our group has been involved in investigations of two members of the family pasteurellaceae, mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus, which illustrate some of the complexities that must be confronted. susceptibility to m. haemolytica is greatly increased during active viral respiratory infection, resulting in rapid onset of a severe and ... | 2004 | 15984339 |
| effect of leukotoxin of mannheimia haemolytica and lps of e. coli on secretory response of bovine neutrophils in vitro. | to evaluate the role of leukotoxin (lkt) of mannheimia haemolytica and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of e. coli 055:b5 in pathogenesis of bovine respiratory disease (brd) we investigated their in vitro effects on cultured bovine neutrophils. functional parameters of neutrophils including degranulation, generation of superoxide, and nitric oxide were distorted in response to both toxins. the most essential reaction of neutrophils was found in respect to release of elastase after addition of lkt as wel ... | 2005 | 15989128 |
| mapping of the binding site for mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin within bovine cd18. | to map the site involved in mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin (lkta) binding and biological activity within bovine cd18, bovine x human cd18 chimeric constructs were generated and coexpressed with bovine cd11a in k562 cells. studies with the chimeric leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 transductants demonstrate that the site required for lkta binding and biological effects resides within amino acid residues 500 and 600 of the extracellular region of bovine cd18. | 2005 | 16041046 |
| construction and analysis of a mannheimia haemolytica a1 luxs mutant. | mannheimia haemolytica a1 is the causative agent of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis, a major cause of sickness, death, and economic loss to the feedlot cattle industry. m. haemolytica a1 produces autoinducer-2 (ai-2) like molecules that are capable of inducing quorum sensing system 2 of vibrio harveyi. this interspecies quorum sensing system has been shown to regulate the expression of virulence genes in several pathogenic bacteria. the protein central to the production of ai-2 is luxs. to deter ... | 2005 | 16061331 |
| minimum inhibitory concentrations of tulathromycin against respiratory bacterial pathogens isolated from clinical cases in european cattle and swine and variability arising from changes in in vitro methodology. | the in vitro activity of tulathromycin was evaluated against common bovine and porcine respiratory pathogens collected from outbreaks of clinical disease across eight european countries from 1998 to 2001. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) for one isolate of each bacterial species from each outbreak were determined using a broth microdilution technique. the lowest concentrations inhibiting the growth of 90% of isolates (mic90) for tulathromycin were 2 microg/ml for mannheimia (pasteurella) ... | 2005 | 16094559 |
| efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment and prevention of natural outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease in european cattle. | the efficacy of tulathromycin in the treatment (phase 1) and prevention (phase 2) of bovine respiratory disease (brd) was evaluated on commercial farms in france, germany, italy, and spain. in phase 1, commingled cattle with clinical brd were treated with tulathromycin (n = 128) or florfenicol (n = 125) on day 0. similar percentages of animals showed sustained clinical improvement at day 14 (tulathromycin 83.3% versus florfenicol 81.0%) and had not relapsed by day 60 (tulathromycin 63.3% versus ... | 2005 | 16094560 |
| protection against bovine respiratory syncytial virus challenge following a single dose of vaccine in young calves with maternal antibody. | twenty-one young calves with maternally derived antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were divided into three groups of seven, each group balanced for brsv antibody titre. the calves had no evidence of previous exposure to brsv. the calves in one group were given a single dose of a monovalent modified live brsv vaccine; the calves in the second group were given a single dose of an inactivated combined brsv, parainfluenza virus type 3, mannheimia haemolytica vaccine and the calves ... | 2005 | 15715005 |
| efficacy of difloxacin against respiratory infections of lambs. | | 2005 | 15953209 |
| characterization of mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin interaction with bovine alveolar macrophage beta2 integrins. | mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica, the etiologic agent of bovine pneumonic mannheimiosis, produces an exotoxic leukotoxin. the leukotoxin (lkta) is a member of the rtx (repeats in toxin) family of bacterial cytolysins and is distinguished from other toxins by its unique target cell specificity to ruminant leukocytes occurring through binding to a specific receptor. we have demonstrated previously that the beta2 integrin lfa-1 is a receptor for lkta in bovine leukocytes and is involved in leuk ... | 2005 | 16120252 |
| new transtracheal bronchoalveolar lavage technique for the diagnosis of respiratory disease in sheep. | a new transtracheal bronchoalveolar lavage technique for the diagnosis of respiratory disease in sheep under field conditions was tested in 76 sheep. the sheep were divided into three groups, normal sheep, sheep with clinical signs of respiratory disease and housed sheep, on the basis of their respiratory disease history and husbandry conditions. the detection of mannheimia haemolytica and mycoplasma ovipneumoniae or parainfluenza virus type 3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus antigen in th ... | 2005 | 16155238 |
| transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1b to susceptible and vaccinated calves by exposure to persistently infected calves. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) persistently infected (pi) calves represent significant sources of infection to susceptible cattle. the objectives of this study were to determine if pi calves transmitted infection to vaccinated and unvaccinated calves, to determine if bvdv vaccine strains could be differentiated from the pi field strains by subtyping molecular techniques, and if there were different rates of recovery from peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) versus serums for acutely infected ca ... | 2005 | 16187545 |
| effect of tilmicosin on chemotactic, phagocytic, and bactericidal activities of bovine and porcine alveolar macrophages. | to evaluate chemotactic, phagocytic, and bactericidal activities of bovine and porcine alveolar macrophages (am) exposed to tilmicosin. | 2002 | 16206777 |
| characterization of pasteurella spp isolated from healthy domestic pack goats and evaluation of the effects of a commercial pasteurella vaccine. | to characterize pasteurella spp isolated from healthy pack goats and evaluate the effects of administration of a commercial pasteurella vaccine. | 2002 | 16206792 |
| cloning and comparison of bighorn sheep cd18 with that of domestic sheep, goats, cattle, humans and mice. | previously, we have shown that cd18, the beta-subunit of beta(2)-integrins, serves as a receptor for leukotoxin (lkt) secreted by mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica on bovine leukocytes. anti-cd18 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) inhibit lkt-induced cytolysis of bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) leukocytes suggesting that cd18 may serve as a receptor for lkt on the leukocytes of this species as well. confirmation of bighorn sheep cd18 as a receptor for lkt, and elucidation of the enhanced lkt-suscep ... | 2006 | 16213032 |
| penetration of ceftiofur into sterile vs. mannheimia haemolytica-infected tissue chambers in beef calves after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile suspension in the ear pinna. | the effect of mannheimia haemolytica infection on the penetration of ceftiofur and desfuroylceftiofur metabolites into tissue chambers was studied in cattle after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid sterile suspension (ccfa-ss). four tissue chambers were implanted subcutaneously in each of 12 calves. approximately 45 days after implantation, two chambers were inoculated with m. haemolytica (10(6) colony-forming units per chamber) while the remaining two chambers were i ... | 2005 | 15953197 |
| generation and molecular characterization of new temperature-sensitive plasmids intended for genetic engineering of pasteurellaceae. | temperature-sensitive (ts) plasmids were generated through chemical mutagenesis of a derivative of the streptomycin resistance parent plasmid pd70, isolated from mannheimia hemolytica serotype 1. three ts plasmids which failed to replicate at or above 42 degrees c in m. hemolytica but which were fully functional below 31 degrees c were selected for further analysis. two of the ts plasmids were shown by sequencing to possess unique single-base-pair mutations. the third ts plasmid contained a uniq ... | 2005 | 16269758 |
| construction of in-frame aroa deletion mutants of mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and haemophilus somnus by using a new temperature-sensitive plasmid. | a temperature-sensitive (ts) plasmid was generated from the endogenous streptomycin resistance plasmid of mannheimia hemolytica and used to engineer in-frame aroa deletion mutants of mannheimia hemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and haemophilus somnus. ts replacement plasmids carrying in-frame aroa deletions were constructed for each target species and introduced into host cells by electroporation. after recovery in broth, cells were spread onto plates containing antibiotic and incubated at 30 d ... | 2005 | 16269759 |
| observations on salpingitis, peritonitis and salpingoperitonitis in a layer breeder flock. | a flock of 13,951 hens and 1379 cockerels was monitored from 26 to 58 weeks of age for the complex of salpingitis, peritonitis and salpingoperitonitis (sps). two hundred and forty-three hens (78 per cent of the hens that died) were examined postmortem, and sps was recognised by gross examination for inflammatory exudate, in the body cavity or oviduct in 111 (46 per cent) of them. salpingoperitonitis was the most common form, followed by salpingitis and then peritonitis. there were acute and chro ... | 2005 | 16272543 |
| proteomic analysis using an unfinished bacterial genome: the effects of subminimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on mannheimia haemolytica virulence factor expression. | here we identify, using nonelectrophoretic proteomics, effects of subminimum inhibitory concentrations (submic) of two antibiotic preparations, chlortetracycline (ctc), and chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine (ctc + smz), on protein expression in the bovine respiratory pathogen mannheimia haemolytica. the m. haemolytica genome is currently in draft form, and annotation is incomplete. relying on the principle of gene sequence conservation across species, we used annotated genomes from closely relate ... | 2005 | 16247735 |
| perinatal exposure to low doses of pcb 153 and pcb 126 affects maternal and neonatal immunity in goat kids. | pregnant does (10 goats/group) were dosed orally either with polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) 153 (98 microg/kg body weight/d) or pcb 126 (ng/kg body weight/d) dissolved in corn oil or with corn oil only (control group) from gestation day (gd) 60 until delivery. an additional group (n = 5) of pregnant does received the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (des; 0.4 microg/kg body weight/d) by intramuscular injection using the same treatment schedule as for the pcb groups. blood samples for immune ... | 2006 | 16291567 |
| metabolic engineering of escherichia coli for enhanced production of succinic acid, based on genome comparison and in silico gene knockout simulation. | comparative analysis of the genomes of mixed-acid-fermenting escherichia coli and succinic acid-overproducing mannheimia succiniciproducens was carried out to identify candidate genes to be manipulated for overproducing succinic acid in e. coli. this resulted in the identification of five genes or operons, including ptsg, pykf, sdha, mqo, and aceba, which may drive metabolic fluxes away from succinic acid formation in the central metabolic pathway of e. coli. however, combinatorial disruption of ... | 2005 | 16332763 |
| effects of cecropin b transgene expression on mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 colonization of the nasal mucosa of calves. | to express a cecropin b transgene on bovine nasal mucosa and determine the effect on mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 (s1) colonization. | 2005 | 16334951 |
| enhanced proteome profiling by inhibiting proteolysis with small heat shock proteins. | proteolytic degradation is one of the critical problems in two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de). here we report that small heat shock proteins (shsps), including ibpa(ec) and ibpb(ec) from escherichia coli and hsp26(sc) from saccharomyces cerevisiae, are able to protect proteins in vitro from proteolytic degradation. addition of shsps during 2-de of human serum or whole cell extracts of e. coli, mannheimia succinciproducens, arabidopsis thaliana, and human kidney cells allowed detection of up ... | 2005 | 16335997 |
| teat disorders predispose ewes to clinical mastitis after challenge with mannheimia haemolytica. | in order to study the effects of sheep teat disorders on the protection of the mammary gland, we used a mannheimia haemolytica isolate, which did not cause clinical mastitis when deposited into intact teats. in the first experiment, this was deposited into the duct of teats with orf (group a, n=5) or papilloma (group b, n=3). in the second, teats were chapped and then, the organism was deposited into the duct (group c, n=7) or on the skin (group d, n=4). ewes with healthy teats were controls (gr ... | 2006 | 16336927 |
| variability in acquired resistance of pasteurella and mannheimia isolates from the nasopharynx of calves, with particular reference to different herd types. | to measure the level of antimicrobial resistance in potential bovine respiratory pathogens at different production types, nasal swabs were collected from 57 calves of 13 dairy herds, 150 calves of 9 beef cattle herds, and 289 calves of 5 high-density veal calf herds and investigated for the presence of pasteurellaceae. all calves were less than 6 months old. susceptibilities of the pasteurella and mannheimia isolates to eight antimicrobials were determined using an agar dilution method. p. multo ... | 2005 | 16359200 |
| mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin induces apoptosis of bovine lymphoblastoid cells (bl-3) via a caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial pathway. | mannheimia haemolytica is a key pathogen in the bovine respiratory disease complex. it produces a leukotoxin (lkt) that is an important virulence factor, causing cell death in bovine leukocytes. the lkt binds to the beta(2) integrin cd11a/cd18, which usually activates signaling pathways that facilitate cell survival. in this study, we investigated mechanisms by which lkt induces death in bovine lymphoblastoid cells (bl-3). incubation of bl-3 cells with a low concentration of lkt results in the a ... | 2005 | 16113266 |
| sequence diversity of the immunogenic outer membrane lipoprotein plpe from mannheimia haemolytica serotypes 1, 2, and 6. | mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 (s1), s6 and s2 are the most common bacterial isolates found in shipping fever pneumonia in beef cattle. currently used vaccines against m. haemolytica do not provide complete protection against the disease. research with m. haemolytica outer membrane proteins (omps) has shown that antibodies to one particular omp from s1, plpe, may be important in immunity. recombinant plpe (rplpe) is highly immunogenic in cattle, and the acquired immunity markedly enhanced res ... | 2006 | 16386856 |
| clopidogrel induced suppression of bovine platelet activation in vitro and a preliminary study of its effect on the development of mannheimia haemolytica induced pneumonia. | we report here on the influence of the platelet antagonist clopidogrel (plavix) on bovine platelet function. we first evaluated the capacity of clopidogrel to inhibit adenosine diphosphate (adp)-stimulated platelet function in the bovine species, using an ex vivo approach with blood from treated animals. platelets isolated from treated calves displayed rapid and consistent reduction in function (aggregation, thromboxane production) upon adp, but not platelet activating factor (paf), stimulation. ... | 2006 | 16427590 |
| recombinant mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 outer membrane protein plpe enhances commercial m. haemolytica vaccine-induced resistance against serotype 6 challenge. | mannheimia haemolytica outer membrane protein plpe, a major immunogenic outer membrane lipoprotein has identical sequences in serotypes 1 (s1) and s6. recombinant outer membrane lipoprotein plpe (rplpe) from m. haemolytica s1 was added to commercial m. haemolytica s1 vaccines to determine if it would enhance vaccine-induced immunity against heterotypic m. haemolytica s6 challenge. serum antibody responses to m. haemolytica whole cells, leukotoxin and rplpe were measured. experiment 1 consisted o ... | 2006 | 16430995 |
| mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin binding domain lies within amino acids 1 to 291 of bovine cd18. | previously, we identified bovine cd18 as the receptor for leukotoxin secreted by mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica. in this study, we constructed bovine-murine cd18 chimeras to locate the leukotoxin binding domain on cd18. leukotoxin specifically lysed transfectants expressing bovine cd18 fragment encompassing amino acids 1 to 291, indicating that leukotoxin binding domain lies within amino acids 1 to 291 of bovine cd18. | 2005 | 16113344 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cdna encoding cd11b of cattle. | cd18, the common beta subunit of beta2-integrins, associates with four distinct alpha chains to give rise to four different beta2-integrins: cd11a/cd18 (lfa-1), cd11b/cd18 (mac-1), cd11c/cd18 (cr4), and cd11d/cd18. previously, we and others showed that cd18 of lfa-1 serves as a receptor for mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin (lkt). level of expression of mac-1 is higher than that of lfa-1 and other beta2-integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns), which constitute the leukocyte subset most ... | 2006 | 16476490 |
| genome-based metabolic engineering of mannheimia succiniciproducens for succinic acid production. | succinic acid is a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid produced as one of the fermentation products of anaerobic metabolism. based on the complete genome sequence of a capnophilic succinic acid-producing rumen bacterium, mannheimia succiniciproducens, gene knockout studies were carried out to understand its anaerobic fermentative metabolism and consequently to develop a metabolically engineered strain capable of producing succinic acid without by-product formation. among three different co2-fixing met ... | 2006 | 16517641 |
| maternally and naturally acquired antibodies to mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida in beef calves. | the dynamics and duration of maternally derived antibodies as well as the onset of acquired immunity against mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida in range-pastured beef calves were investigated. two groups of unvaccinated cattle were used in this study. serum antibody responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay for antibodies of the igg1, igg2 and igm isotypes binding m. haemolytica whole cells (wc) or leukotoxin (lkt) and p. multocida outer membrane proteins (omps). compari ... | 2006 | 16386312 |
| comparative nitric oxide production by lps-stimulated monocyte-derived macrophages from ovis canadensis and ovis aries. | bighorn sheep are more susceptible to respiratory infection by mannheimia haemolytica than are domestic sheep. in response to bacterial challenge, macrophages produce a number of molecules that play key roles in the inflammatory response, including highly reactive nitrogen intermediates such as nitric oxide (no). supernatants from monocyte-derived macrophages cultured with m. haemolytica lps were assayed for nitric oxide activity via measurement of the no metabolite, nitrite. in response to lps ... | 2006 | 16460804 |
| changes in peripheral blood leucocyte counts and subpopulations after experimental infection with bvdv and/or mannheimia haemolytica. | leucocyte counts and subpopulations were studied in peripheral blood from calves experimentally infected in the respiratory tract with either bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) or mannheimia haemolytica (mh), or with a combination of both agents (bvdv/mh). a non-inoculated control group was included. peripheral blood samples were obtained for total leucocyte counts, and for neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts. the numbers of blood lymphocytes expressing the surface antigens cd4, cd8, wc1 ... | 2005 | 16283916 |
| diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in ontario beef feedlots. | this study determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality or severe morbidity in 72 ontario beef feedlots in calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. routine pathologic and microbiologic investigations, as well as immunohistochemical staining for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen, were performed on 99 calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. major disease conditions identified included fibrinos ... | 2006 | 16566254 |
| naturally occurring mycoplasma bovis-associated pneumonia and polyarthritis in feedlot beef calves. | mycoplasma bovis is perceived as an emerging cause of mortality in feedlot beef cattle. this study examined the lesions and infectious agents in naturally occurring m. bovis-associated bronchopneumonia and arthritis and the relationship of this condition with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection. standardized pathologic, immunohistochemical, and microbiologic investigations were conducted on 99 calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival in 72 feedlots. cranioventral ... | 2006 | 16566255 |
| use of nasal swabs in diagnosis of respiratory disease. | | 2006 | 16582002 |
| serological and molecular comparison of mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella trehalosi strains isolated from wild and domestic ruminants in the french alps. | over a period of 17 years, 84 bacterial isolates identified as mannheimia haemolytica or m. glucosida, and 52 isolates identified as pasteurella trehalosi were detected in the lungs of domestic and wild ruminants in the french alps. the isolates were serotyped according to their surface capsular antigens, and those sharing common antigens were further characterized by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. the results showed that the bacterial isolates included in the study clustered according to the ... | 2006 | 16624723 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a p2 family lysogenic bacteriophage, varphimhaa1-phl101, from mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1. | the 34,525 nucleotide sequence of a double-stranded dna bacteriophage (phimhaa1-phl101) from mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1 has been determined. the phage encodes 50 open reading frames. twenty-three of the proteins are similar to proteins of the p2 family of phages. other protein sequences are most similar to possible prophage sequences from the draft genome of histophilus somni 2336. fourteen open reading frames encode proteins with no known homolog. the p2 orthologues are collinear in phi ... | 2006 | 16631219 |
| results of the antimicrobial agent susceptibility study raised in a representative, cross-sectional monitoring study on a national basis. | the use of antimicrobial substances in human and veterinary medicine inevitably results in a selection pressure for drug resistance in exposed bacteria. preventive measures, apt to avoid the consequent development of new resistances and selection for existing ones, respectively, have to be elaborated. moreover, it has to be ensured that neither resistant bacteria nor resistance genes are spread to and consequently via the food chain. respiratory diseases as well as mastitis in dairy cattle belon ... | 2006 | 16531116 |
| phylogenetic diversity of pasteurellaceae and horizontal gene transfer of leukotoxin in wild and domestic sheep. | wild and domestic animal populations are known to be sources and reservoirs of emerging diseases. there is also a growing recognition that horizontal genetic transfer (hgt) plays an important role in bacterial pathogenesis. we used molecular phylogenetic methods to assess diversity and cross-transmission rates of pasteurellaceae bacteria in populations of bighorn sheep, dall's sheep, domestic sheep and domestic goats. members of the pasteurellaceae cause an array of deadly illnesses including ba ... | 2007 | 16635591 |
| identification of an immunogenic protein of actinobacillus seminis that is present in microvesicles. | actinobacillus seminis is a gram-negative bacterium of the pasteurellaceae family that is involved in ovine epididymitis. looking for a protein specific to this species, we determined the protein profile of subcellular fractions of a. seminis (american type culture collection number 15768): proteins from the outer membrane (omps), inner membrane (imps), and cytoplasm (cps). these profiles provide the first data, to our knowledge, regarding subcellular fractions of a. seminis. in the omp fraction ... | 2006 | 16548331 |
| plasmid-mediated florfenicol resistance in pasteurella trehalosi. | a florfenicol-resistant pasteurella trehalosi isolate from a calf was investigated for the presence and the location of the gene flor. | 2006 | 16670108 |
| contribution of respiratory burst activity to innate immune function and the effects of disease status and agent on chemiluminescence responses by ruminant phagocytes in vitro. | the mechanisms of interaction between phagocytes and different bacteria that help resolve lung infections or contribute to lung pathology are poorly defined. alveolar phagocytes (resident macrophages and recruited neutrophils) make a major contribution to innate immunity by mounting a respiratory burst that helps kill internalised bacteria. however, this ability may be altered during or after exposure to infection. this review considers the application and limitations of a variety of analytical ... | 2006 | 16678912 |
| lung lesions in scid-bo and scid-bg mice after intratracheal inoculation with wild-type or leucotoxin-deficient mutant strains of mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1. | the purpose of this study was to investigate scid-bg mice engrafted with bovine haematolymphoid tissues (scid-bo) as a model for studying bovine mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1- induced pneumonia, in which leucotoxin (lkt) plays a major role. in experiment a, scid-bo and scid-bg mice were inoculated intratracheally with either (1) phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), (2) m. haemolytica wild-type strain 89010807n ("lkt(+)wt"), (3) a m. haemolytica leucotoxin-deficient mutant of strain 89010807n ("l ... | 2006 | 16712865 |
| monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria from livestock animals. | facing the problem of development and spreading of bacterial resistance, preventive strategies are considered the most appropriate means to counteract. the establishment of corresponding management options relies on scientifically defensible efforts to obtain objective data on the prevalence of bacterial resistance in healthy and diseased livestock. additionally, detailed statistics are needed on the overall amount of antimicrobial agents dispensed in germany. the collection of valid data on the ... | 2006 | 16530479 |
| evaluation of the prevalence and onset of lung lesions and their impact on growth of lambs. | to determine the prevalence and temporal onset of lung lesions in lambs and the impact of lung lesions on growth of affected lambs. | 2006 | 16649926 |
| the proteome of mannheimia succiniciproducens, a capnophilic rumen bacterium. | mannheimia succiniciproducens mbel55e isolated from bovine rumen is an industrially important bacterium as an efficient succinic acid producer. recently, its full genome sequence was determined. in the present study, we analyzed the m. succiniciproducens proteome based on the genome information using 2-de and ms. we established proteome reference map of m. succiniciproducens by analyzing whole cellular proteins, membrane proteins, and secreted proteins. more than 200 proteins were identified and ... | 2006 | 16758448 |
| an aetiopathological study of chronic bronchopneumonia in lambs in ireland. | chronic bronchopneumonia in lambs, also known as 'atypical' or 'chronic, non-progressive' pneumonia is a common, frequently sub-clinical disease affecting animals under 12-months-old in intensive production systems. infection with both mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and mannheimia haemolytica have been implicated in the aetiology of this condition and a variety of pulmonary lesions can result. in this study, detailed laboratory examination of 30 abattoir-derived lungs with the characteristic gross fea ... | 2007 | 16632391 |
| diversity of temperate bacteriophages induced in bovine and ovine mannheimia haemolytica isolates and identification of a new p2-like phage. | the diversity of temperate bacteriophages was examined in 32 mannheimia haemolytica, six mannheimia glucosida and four pasteurella trehalosi isolates. phage particles were induced and identified by electron microscopy in 24 (75%) m. haemolytica isolates, but in only one (17%) m. glucosida and one (25%) p. trehalosi isolate. the m. haemolytica phages were relatively diverse as seven siphoviridae, 15 myoviridae and two podoviridae-like phages were identified; the myoviridae-type phages also exhibi ... | 2006 | 16842340 |
| potential pathogens carried by spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) in southern spain. | the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) population of southern spain was surveyed for potential pathogens associated with the conjunctiva, external ear canal, as well as reproductive and upper respiratory tracts. we sampled 321 ibex (131 adult males, 100 adult females, and 90 yearlings); these included 271 apparently healthy animals and 50 that were naturally infected with sarcoptes scabiei. a total of 688 bacterial isolates were identified (377 gram-negatives, 225 gram-positives, and 86 my ... | 2006 | 16870855 |
| cloning of a gene fragment encoding bovine complement component c3d with expression and characterization of derived fusion proteins. | the gene fragment coding for bovine c3d gene (boc3d) was cloned and expressed as a component of fusion proteins destined for use in vaccine studies in cattle, and for in vitro experiments. this fragment of complement protein c3 (c3d) has been shown to enhance b cell responses when complexed with antigen. three potential vaccine constructs were engineered to contain one, two or three boc3d units linked to a fragment of the leukotoxin of mannheimia haemolytica a1, an economically important pathoge ... | 2006 | 16904753 |
| analysis of in vivo expressed genes in mannheimia haemolytica a1. | the expression of mannheimia haemolytica a1 genes during in vivo growth was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using total rna extracted directly from m. haemolytica a1 recovered from pneumonic lungs of cattle. primers specific for three groups of genes were used. group 1 includes virulence-related genes: lktc, tbpb, ahs, nmaa, gs60 and gcp. group 2 includes genes that code for putative two-component regulatory systems: narp, narq, ttrr, ttrs, phob and phor. gro ... | 2006 | 16984402 |
| detection of tetracycline-resistant and susceptible pasteurellaceae in the nasopharynx of loose group-housed calves. | the aim of the present study was to determine which pasteurella and mannheimia species are present in the upper respiratory tract of healthy calves with no history of antimicrobial treatment prior to sampling. the presence of subpopulations of tetracycline-resistant pasteurellaceae was also investigated. nasal swabs from 61 loose group-housed, clinically healthy calves, 1 to 4 months old, from 16 dairy herds were inoculated aerobically on a selective medium (columbia agar with 5% ovine blood and ... | 2006 | 17004035 |
| the genome sequence of mannheimia haemolytica a1: insights into virulence, natural competence, and pasteurellaceae phylogeny. | the draft genome sequence of mannheimia haemolytica a1, the causative agent of bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc), is presented. strain atcc baa-410, isolated from the lung of a calf with brdc, was the dna source. the annotated genome includes 2,839 coding sequences, 1,966 of which were assigned a function and 436 of which are unique to m. haemolytica. through genome annotation many features of interest were identified, including bacteriophages and genes related to virulence, natural comp ... | 2006 | 17015664 |
| the n-acetyl-d-glucosamine specific adhesin from mannheimia haemolytica activates bovine neutrophils oxidative burst. | in this work we identified specific bovine leukocytes that were bound by the mannheimia haemolytica adhesin molecule (mha) and the biological effect on the leukocytes. histochemical staining and flow cytometry showed that mha bind neutrophils (90%) and monocytes (5%). mha induced an oxidative response in purified neutrophils; this effect was 1.5-fold higher than the effect observed with control cells activated with zymosan. cellular binding by mha was inhibited with glcnac and its oligomers, as ... | 2006 | 16780962 |
| production of a d-glycero-d-manno-heptosyltransferase mutant of mannheimia haemolytica displaying a veterinary pathogen specific conserved lps structure; development and functionality of antibodies to this lps structure. | previous structural studies of the lipopolysaccharides from the veterinary pathogens mannheimia haemolytica (mh), actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (ap) and pasteurella multocida (pm) had identified a conserved inner core oligosaccharide structure that was present in all strains investigated. in order to examine the potential of this inner core structure as a vaccine, a mutagenesis strategy was adopted to interrupt a d-glycero-d-manno-heptosyltransferase gene (losb) of mh. this gene encodes the en ... | 2006 | 16750602 |
| effect of mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica infection on acute-phase proteins and some mineral levels in colostrum-breast milk-fed or colostrum-breast milk-deprived sheep. | the aim of this study was to investigate the levels of acute-phase proteins and minerals as indicators for the reactivity in 1-year-old sheep. a total of 26 chios breed sheep were fed colostrum-breast milk (control, n = 15)or were deprived afterseparation from their mother immediately after birth(experimental, n = 11). mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica serotype a1 was inoculated intratracheally and blood samples were taken in vacuumed sera on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 and 22. antibiotic ... | 2006 | 16755360 |
| etiology of respiratory disease in non-vaccinated, non-medicated calves in rearing herds. | the aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of bacterial, mycoplasmal and viral pathogens in the lower respiratory tract of calves in all-in all-out calf-rearing units. according to clinical status, non-medicated calves with and without respiratory disease signs were selected of the 40 herds investigated to analyse the micro-organisms present in healthy and diseased calves. tracheobronchial lavage (tbl) and paired serum samples were analysed for bacteria, mycoplasmas, respiratory syncyti ... | 2007 | 17084565 |